Machine tool screw drive with load adaptive compensation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machine tool screw transmission technology, and specifically discloses a machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation. A screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of a support, and a driving component is fixedly connected to the side of the support. The output end of the driving component is fixedly connected to one end of the screw. Guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the support, and the bottom of the guide rails is fixedly connected to the top of the support. Slider blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the worktable, and cleaning components are fixedly connected to the sides of the sliders. This machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation has a small spring compression under no-load and light-load conditions, resulting in a light contact mechanism against the guide rail and low scraping friction resistance. Under heavy-load conditions, the cleaning block sinks and compresses the first spring, and the contact mechanism presses firmly onto the guide rail surface, effectively scraping away firmly attached fine iron filings from the guide rail raceway and preventing the iron filings from causing a continuous increase in the sliding resistance of the slider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool screw transmission technology, specifically to a machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation. Background Technology

[0002] The machine tool screw drive with load adaptive compensation is an integrated feed transmission component that uses a precision ball / roller screw as the transmission body, integrating a force sensing unit, a dynamic preload adjustment mechanism, and an embedded adaptive control module. The device collects multi-dimensional operating data in real time, including machining load, axial torque, operating temperature, and screw clearance. Relying on a high-speed closed-loop compensation algorithm, it identifies differences in working conditions such as light load, heavy load, and sudden load changes within milliseconds. On the one hand, it dynamically adjusts the preload of the screw and nut pair to adaptively offset the transmission clearance, pitch deformation, and stiffness attenuation caused by varying loads. On the other hand, it simultaneously corrects the servo drive output parameters and feed coordinates. The control of command and thermal deformation errors can effectively solve problems such as positioning drift, backlash expansion, insufficient transmission rigidity, and excessive friction loss under high speed and light load when using ordinary screws during heavy-duty cutting. It eliminates the need for repeated manual adjustment of preload parameters and maintains a stable, backlash-free transmission state throughout the entire process. This significantly improves the positioning accuracy, repeatability, and cutting rigidity of CNC machine tools, reduces surface roughness, balances the wear rate of the screw pair, and extends the service life of transmission components. It meets the needs of high-precision machining, heavy-duty cutting, and long-term stable operation, and is widely compatible with the feed drive systems of various precision CNC equipment such as CNC lathes, machining centers, and heavy-duty gantry milling machines.

[0003] Chinese patent CN210060533U discloses a screw drive device, which includes a rotatable screw and a drive mechanism disposed at one end of the screw. The screw has a front support and a rear support that can rotate relative to it at both ends. A moving platform that can move horizontally on the screw is disposed in the middle of the screw. A retractable protective cover is fitted onto the screw, and the protective cover has a ventilation device. The screw also has an impact-resistant device. Furthermore, due to the impact-resistant device on the screw, it can withstand impact forces from both radial and axial directions. Therefore, it has the advantages of good protection, high transmission efficiency, long service life, and strong impact resistance. Although this technical solution can protect the lead screw from radial and axial impact forces, during the machining process, as the weight of the workpiece on the worktable changes, it is difficult to completely remove the cutting chips from the guide rail surface. A large amount of chips remain on the guide rail surface and accumulate in the gap between the slider and the guide rail, directly causing a significant increase in the sliding resistance of the slider. This additional resistance is converted into an extra load and transmitted to the lead screw transmission mechanism, exacerbating the elastic deformation of the lead screw under load, increasing the transmission positioning error, and reducing the machining accuracy and operational stability of the screw feed transmission system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation, comprising: A support, on the inner side of which a screw is rotatably connected, and on the side of which a driving component is fixedly connected, the output end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the screw; The guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the support, and the bottom of the guide rails is fixedly connected to the top of the support. The workbench has sliders fixedly connected to both sides of its bottom. Cleaning components are fixedly connected to the sides of the sliders. The bottom of the workbench is slidably connected to the top of the guide rail via the sliders. The bottom of the workbench is threadedly connected to the side of the screw via a connector. The cleaning component includes: The cleaning block has its side fixedly connected to the slider, and a lubrication mechanism is fixedly connected to its inner side. A sliding shaft is symmetrically arranged below the cleaning block. The top of the sliding shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the cleaning block. A cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft. Contact mechanisms are fixedly connected to both sides of the cleaning plate. A first spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block, and the bottom of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning plate. The contact mechanism includes: A contact frame is provided, with a scraper fixedly connected to its side. The cleaning surface of the scraper is set at an angle. The side of the contact frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate. Guide plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the angled surface of the scraper. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the contact frame on its side. A spiral blade is rotatably connected to the inner side of the discharge pipe. A feed groove is provided on the side of the discharge pipe, which passes through the contact frame and the discharge pipe. A discharge port is provided at the end of the discharge pipe away from the contact roller. The contact roller has both ends rotatably connected to the inner side of the contact frame. The contact roller drives the spiral blade to rotate in the discharge pipe through the fixing bolt. One end of the contact roller is fixedly connected to one end of the spiral blade through the fixing bolt. Furthermore, the lubrication mechanism includes a supporting housing, the side of which is slidably connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate, a supporting frame fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting housing, sliding rods fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the supporting frame, a sliding bracket slidably connected to the bottom of the sliding rods, the side of the sliding bracket slidably connected to the inner side of the supporting housing, a second spring sleeved on the sliding rod, the top of the second spring fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame, the bottom of the second spring fixedly connected to the top of the sliding bracket, a flow guiding assembly fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting frame, an oil cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the flow guiding assembly, the side of the oil cylinder fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning block, and a rotating roller rotatably connected to the inner side of the sliding bracket. Furthermore, the flow guiding assembly includes an oil guide pipe and a flow guiding frame. The top of the oil guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder. A baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil guide pipe. A connecting rod is slidably connected to the side of the baffle. An intercepting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of each connecting rod. The side of the intercepting shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the baffle. The intercepting shaft is arranged around the connecting rod, and its bottom is evenly arranged from high to low. A third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The top of the third spring is fixedly connected to the intercepting shaft, and the bottom of the third spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the oil guide pipe. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. The bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding frame. The two oil inlet ends of the flow guiding frame are fixedly connected to the two sides of the oil guide pipe. An oil outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of each flow guiding frame.

[0005] This invention provides a machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation. It has the following advantages: 1. This machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation has a small spring compression when unloaded or lightly loaded, and the contact mechanism lightly contacts the guide rail, resulting in low scraping friction resistance. Under heavy load conditions, the cleaning block sinks and compresses the first spring, and the contact mechanism presses the guide rail surface, which can scrape off the guide rail raceway and firmly attached fine iron filings, preventing the iron filings from squeezing and causing the sliding resistance of the slider to continuously increase.

[0006] 2. This machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation has a cleaning plate that simultaneously covers the top surface of the guide rail. The contact mechanism adapts to the load and fits tightly against the working surface of the guide rail, which can simultaneously clean the iron filings on the upper surface of the guide rail. This avoids long-term crushing and scratching of the guide rail raceway and the contact surface of the slider ball by hard iron filings, and reduces the wear of the guide rail surface.

[0007] 3. This machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation features a scraper that lightly contacts the guide rail under light load, resulting in low cleaning friction. Under heavy load, the slider sinks and compresses the spring, causing the scraper to press firmly against the guide rail surface. This effectively removes hard iron filings embedded in the guide rail raceway and those adhered to by coolant clumps. The scraper has an inclined working surface, which automatically diverts the filings to both sides during scraping. The matching guide plate forms a directional flow channel, preventing iron filings from scattering everywhere. Traditional scraper plates without a flow channel are prone to iron filings accumulating and pushing the slider. This structure can guide the scraped impurities to the feed chute in real time, preventing repeated crushing and scratching of the guide rail raceway by the filings.

[0008] 4. The machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation has a contact roller that rotates by the feed friction of the guide rail. It directly drives the spiral blades in the discharge pipe through the fixing bolt. Fine iron filings and mixed coolant falling into the discharge pipe are prone to precipitate and clump, causing pipe blockage. The spiral blades rotate continuously to generate spiral pushing force, which avoids impurities from clogging the pipe.

[0009] 5. The machine tool screw drive with load adaptive compensation has an intercepting shaft with a stepped and uniform length arrangement. As the load gradually increases, the holes open in stages, the oil output increases smoothly and linearly, the lubrication state is continuous and stable, and the oil film thickness on the guide rail surface is uniform, avoiding local over-lubrication or local under-lubrication. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workbench of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning block of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the contact mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the contact frame structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0011] In the diagram: 1. Support; 2. Screw; 3. Drive component; 4. Guide rail; 5. Worktable; 6. Slider; 7. Cleaning component; 71. Cleaning block; 72. Cleaning plate; 73. Sliding shaft; 74. First spring; 75. Contact mechanism; 751. Contact frame; 752. Scraper; 753. Guide plate; 754. Discharge pipe; 755. Feed chute; 756. Spiral blade; 757. Contact roller; 76. Lubrication. Mechanism; 761, Support housing; 762, Support frame; 763, Sliding frame; 764, Rotating roller; 765, Oil cylinder; 767, Slide rod; 768, Second spring; 769, Flow guide assembly; 7691, Flow guide frame; 7692, Baffle; 7693, Oil outlet pipe; 7694, Connecting shaft; 7695, Third spring; 7696, Connecting rod; 7697, Interception shaft; 7698, Oil guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0012] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation, comprising: A screw 2 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support 1, and a drive 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the support 1. The output end of the drive 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 2. When the drive 3 drives the screw 2 to rotate while supporting the support 1, the worktable 5 is pulled along the linear guide rail 4 through the connecting piece to complete the feed motion. Guide rails 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of support 1. The bottom of guide rails 4 is fixedly connected to the top of support 1. Sliders 6 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of worktable 5. Cleaning components 7 are fixedly connected to the side of sliders 6. The bottom of worktable 5 is slidably connected to the top of guide rails 4 through sliders 6. The bottom of worktable 5 is threadedly connected to the side of screw 2 through connectors. During the movement of worktable 5, sliders 6 and guide rails 4 slide relative to each other, and simultaneously drive the cleaning components 7 at the end of sliders 6 to slide along the surface of guide rails 4. During the movement of sliders 6, cleaning components 7 can be in contact with the surface of guide rails 4 in advance to continuously scrape off iron filings and impurities from the surface of guide rails 4 and reduce sliding friction resistance. Example 1, please refer to Figures 3-4 The invention also includes a cleaning component 7, a sliding shaft 73 symmetrically arranged below the cleaning block 71, the top of the sliding shaft 73 being slidably connected to the inner side of the cleaning block 71, a cleaning plate 72 being fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft 73, and a contact mechanism 75 being fixedly connected to both sides of the cleaning plate 72. A first spring 74 is sleeved on the sliding shaft 73. When the worktable 5 moves along the guide rail 4 with the slider 6, the cleaning block 71 on the slider 6 moves synchronously, causing the cleaning plates 72 on both sides of its bottom to slide synchronously against the top surface of the guide rail 4. The cleaning plate 72 is elastically supported by the upper sliding shaft 73 and the first spring 74 sleeved on the sliding shaft 73, and can achieve adaptive compensation according to the weight of the workpiece carried on the worktable 5. One end of the first spring 74 is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block 71, and the bottom of the first spring 74 is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning plate 72. When the workbench 5 is heavily loaded and sinks, the first spring 74 is compressed and pressed down, driving the cleaning plate 72 and the side contact mechanism 75 to press the surface of the guide rail 4 simultaneously, ensuring that the contact mechanism 75 always fits the guide rail 4, continuously scraping off the iron filings on the surface of the guide rail 4, preventing the accumulation of iron filings from increasing the sliding resistance, and simultaneously completing the side cleaning operation of the guide rail 4. The side of the cleaning block 71 is fixedly connected to the slider 6, and the inner side of the cleaning block 71 is fixedly connected to the lubrication mechanism 76. At the same time, as the cleaning block 71 slides with the slider 6, the lubrication mechanism 76 can supply oil lubrication to the side of the guide rail 4 in real time, continuously ensuring the lubrication state between the slider 6 and the guide rail 4. Please see Figures 5-6 The present invention also includes a contact mechanism 75. A scraper 752 is fixedly connected to the side of the contact frame 751. The cleaning surface of the scraper 752 is set at an angle. The side of the contact frame 751 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate 72. Guide plates 753 are fixedly connected to both sides of the angle of the scraper 752. When the cleaning plate 72 moves synchronously with the cleaning block 71, the contact frame 751 drives the scraper 752 to adhere to the surface of the guide rail 4, peel off and remove the iron filings from the guide rail 4. The greater the load, the greater the sinking amplitude of the slider 6 and the cleaning block 71, and the compression of the first spring 74 increases accordingly. The scraper 752 tightly presses the guide rail 4 to complete the deep cleaning. The cleaning operation is performed by scraping the scraper 752 through the working angle of the scraper 752 contacting the guide rail 4. Both ends of the contact roller 757 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the contact frame 751. The contact roller 757 drives the spiral blade 756 to rotate in the discharge pipe 754 through the fixing bolt. One end of the contact roller 757 is fixedly connected to one end of the spiral blade 756 through the fixing bolt. The scraper 752 has guide plates 753 on both sides of the inclined surface. The iron filings and impurities accumulated on the scraper 752 can be guided to the feed trough 755 along the guide plate 753, and then fall into the feed pipe through the feed trough 755. During the scraper 752 movement, the contact roller 757 rolls synchronously against the four sides of the guide rail. The contact roller 757 drives the spiral blade 756 inside the discharge pipe 754 to rotate synchronously through the fixing bolt. The side of the discharge pipe 754 is fixedly connected to the inside of the contact frame 751. A spiral blade 756 is rotatably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe 754. A feed groove 755 is provided on the side of the discharge pipe 754, which passes through the contact frame 751 and the discharge pipe 754. A discharge port is provided at the end of the discharge pipe 754 away from the contact roller 757. The spiral blade 756 uses a spiral pushing action to convey the iron filings falling into the discharge pipe 754 outward from the end discharge port, preventing the iron filings from accumulating around the scraper 752. Please see Figures 7-8The present invention also includes a lubrication mechanism 76. The side of the support housing 761 is slidably connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate 72. A support frame 762 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support housing 761. Slide rods 767 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the support frame 762. A sliding frame 763 is slidably connected to the bottom of the slide rod 767. The side of the sliding frame 763 is slidably connected to the inner side of the support housing 761. A second spring 768 is sleeved on the slide rod 767. When the cleaning plate 72 moves synchronously with the slider 6, the sliding frame 763 is elastically supported by the top slide rod 767 and the second spring 768 sleeved on the slide rod 767. It can adaptively slide and adjust inside the support housing 761. The inner side of the sliding frame 763 is rotatably connected to a rotating roller 764. The rotating roller 764 is evenly arranged on the inner side of the sliding frame 763, which can adjust the pressing degree in real time according to the load change and roll in contact with the guide rail 4. A flow guide component 769 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support frame 762. An oil cylinder 765 is fixedly connected to the top of the flow guide component 769. The side of the oil cylinder 765 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning block 71. During the adaptive up-and-down sliding of the sliding frame 763 within the support housing 761, it synchronously drives the flow guide component 769 to rise and fall, thereby regulating the oil flow rate of the lubricating oil cylinder 765. When the load pressure is high, the oil output increases synchronously; when the load pressure is low, the oil output automatically decreases. Please see Figures 9-10 The present invention also includes a flow guiding component 769. When the worktable 5 is subjected to a large load, the rotating roller 764 is pressed to push the sliding frame 763 to move slightly upward within the support housing 761. The top of the oil guide pipe 7698 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder 765. A baffle 7692 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil guide pipe 7698. A connecting rod 7696 is slidably connected to the side of the baffle 7692. An intercepting shaft 7697 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting rod 7696. The side of the intercepting shaft 7697 is slidably connected to the inner side of the baffle 7692. A third spring 7695 is sleeved on the connecting rod 7696. A connecting shaft 7694 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 7696. The bottom of the connecting shaft 7694 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding frame 763. The sliding frame 763 drives the connecting rod 7696 to move upward along the oil guide pipe 7698 synchronously via the connecting shaft 7694. The connecting rod 7696 pulls the third spring 7695 to stretch, and at the same time drives the intercepting shaft 7697 to move on the baffle 7692. The intercepting shaft 7697 is arranged around the connecting rod 7696, and the bottom of the intercepting shaft 7697 is evenly arranged from high to low. The two oil inlet ends of the guide frame 7691 are fixedly connected to both sides of the oil guide pipe 7698. The bottom of the guide frame 7691 is fixedly connected to the oil outlet pipe 7693. The intercepting shaft 7697 is evenly arranged from high to low along the length direction. The greater the load pressure, the more intercepting shafts 7697 are disengaged from the holes of the baffle 7692. The lubricating oil in the oil cylinder 765 can flow into the oil inlet end of the guide frame 7691 through the hole exposed between the intercepting shaft 7697 and the baffle 7692, and then be output from the oil outlet pipe 7693 at the bottom of the guide frame 7691. After the lubricating oil flows out, it can be continuously sprayed onto the side of the rotating roller 764. During the rolling process of the rotating roller 764 in contact with the guide rail 4, it can simultaneously apply lubricant to the guide rail 4. The greater the load pressure, the more open oil passages there are, and the lubricating oil output flow rate increases accordingly, thus fully lubricating the side of the guide rail 4. When the load pressure decreases, the number of open passages decreases, and the oil output automatically decreases. Specific workflow: During the machine tool cutting process, the transmission device of the load adaptive compensation screw 2 relies on built-in force, displacement and temperature sensors to collect working condition data such as screw axial load, feed torque, nut pair clearance and working temperature rise in real time, and transmit them synchronously to a dedicated embedded control unit. The control unit calls a preset adaptive algorithm to quickly compare the actual load with the standard working condition threshold, accurately identify processing conditions such as light load, heavy load, and sudden load changes, and then outputs an adjustment signal to drive the preload adjustment mechanism to dynamically change the preload of the screw and nut pair. At the same time, coordinate compensation and torque correction commands are sent to the servo system to offset the pitch elastic deformation, transmission clearance expansion and thermal deformation error caused by variable load in real time. During the continuous fluctuation of cutting load, the system cyclically executes the closed-loop process of data acquisition, working condition calculation, mechanism adjustment and error correction to dynamically adapt to load changes and ensure that the screw drive always operates without clearance and with high rigidity. After a single processing step is completed, the device automatically resets all adjustment mechanisms, waiting for the load detection and adaptive compensation cycle of the next round of workpiece processing; When the drive unit 3 drives the screw 2 to rotate on the support 1, the worktable 5 is pulled along the linear guide rail 4 via the connecting member to complete the feed motion. During the movement of the worktable 5, the slider 6 slides relative to the guide rail 4, and simultaneously drives the cleaning component 7 at the end of the slider 6 to slide along the surface of the guide rail 4. During the movement of the slider 6, the cleaning component 7 can be in contact with the surface of the guide rail 4 in advance to continuously scrape off iron filings and impurities from the surface of the guide rail 4 and reduce sliding friction resistance. When the worktable 5 moves along the guide rail 4 with the slider 6, the cleaning block 71 on the slider 6 moves synchronously, causing the cleaning plates 72 on both sides of its bottom to slide synchronously against the top surface of the guide rail 4. The cleaning plate 72 is elastically supported by the upper sliding shaft 73 and the first spring 74 sleeved on the sliding shaft 73, and can achieve adaptive compensation according to the weight of the workpiece carried on the worktable 5. When the workbench 5 is under heavy load and sinks, the first spring 74 is compressed and pressed down, driving the cleaning plate 72 and the side contact mechanism 75 to press against the surface of the guide rail 4 simultaneously, ensuring that the contact mechanism 75 always fits against the guide rail 4, continuously scraping off the iron filings on the surface of the guide rail 4, preventing the accumulation of iron filings from increasing the sliding resistance, and simultaneously completing the side cleaning operation of the guide rail 4. Meanwhile, as the cleaning block 71 slides along the slider 6, the lubrication mechanism 76 can supply oil to the side of the guide rail 4 in real time to ensure the lubrication status between the slider 6 and the guide rail 4. When the cleaning plate 72 moves synchronously with the cleaning block 71, it relies on the contact frame 751 to drive the scraper 752 to adhere to the surface of the guide rail 4, peeling off and removing iron filings from the guide rail 4. The greater the load, the greater the sinking amplitude of the slider 6 and the cleaning block 71, and the compression of the first spring 74 increases accordingly. The scraper 752 tightly presses the guide rail 4 to complete the deep cleaning. The cleaning operation is performed by scraping the scraper 752 through the working inclined surface of the scraper 752 contacting the guide rail 4 to scrape off the debris. The scraper 752 has guide plates 753 on both sides of the inclined surface. The iron filings and impurities accumulated on the scraper 752 can be guided along the guide plates 753 to the feed trough 755, and then fall into the feed pipe through the feed trough 755. During the scraper 752's movement, the contact roller 757 synchronously rolls against the four sides of the guide rail. The contact roller 757 drives the spiral blades 756 inside the discharge pipe 754 to rotate synchronously through the fixing bolt. The spiral blades 756 rely on the spiral pushing action to transport the iron filings that fall into the discharge pipe 754 outward from the end discharge port, thus preventing the iron filings from accumulating around the scraper 752. When the cleaning plate 72 moves synchronously with the slider 6, the sliding frame 763 is elastically supported by the top slide rod 767 and the second spring 768 fitted on the slide rod 767, and can adaptively slide and adjust inside the support housing 761. The inner side of the sliding frame 763 is evenly provided with rotating rollers 764, which can adjust the clamping degree in real time according to the load change and roll in contact with the guide rail 4. As the sliding frame 763 slides up and down adaptively within the supporting housing 761, it will simultaneously drive the flow guiding component 769 to rise and fall, thereby regulating the oil output flow of the lubricating oil cylinder 765. When the load pressure is high, the oil output increases synchronously, and when the load pressure is low, the oil output automatically decreases. When the workbench 5 is subjected to a large load, the rotating roller 764 is pressed and pushes the sliding frame 763 to move slightly upward within the support housing 761; The sliding frame 763 drives the connecting rod 7696 to move upward synchronously along the oil guide pipe 7698 via the connecting shaft 7694. The connecting rod 7696 pulls the third spring 7695 to stretch, and at the same time drives the intercepting shaft 7697 to move on the baffle 7692. The intercepting shafts 7697 are evenly arranged from high to low along the length direction. The greater the load pressure, the more intercepting shafts 7697 are disengaged from the holes of the baffle 7692. The lubricating oil in the oil cylinder 765 can flow into the oil inlet end of the guide frame 7691 through the holes exposed between the intercepting shafts 7697 and the baffle 7692, and then be output from the oil outlet pipe 7693 at the bottom of the guide frame 7691. After the lubricating oil flows out, it can be continuously sprayed onto the side of the rotating roller 764. During the rolling process of the rotating roller 764 in contact with the guide rail 4, the guide rail 4 is simultaneously coated with lubricant. The greater the load pressure, the more open oil passages there are, and the lubricating oil output flow rate increases accordingly, thus fully lubricating the side of the guide rail 4. When the load pressure decreases, the number of open passages decreases, and the oil output automatically decreases.

[0013] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A machine tool screw drive device with load adaptive compensation, characterized in that, include: A support, on the inner side of which a screw is rotatably connected, and on the side of which a driving component is fixedly connected, the output end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the screw; The guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the support, and the bottom of the guide rails is fixedly connected to the top of the support. The workbench has sliders fixedly connected to both sides of its bottom. Cleaning components are fixedly connected to the sides of the sliders. The bottom of the workbench is slidably connected to the top of the guide rail via the sliders. The bottom of the workbench is threadedly connected to the side of the screw via a connector. The cleaning component includes: The cleaning block has its side fixedly connected to the slider, and a lubrication mechanism is fixedly connected to its inner side. A sliding shaft is symmetrically arranged below the cleaning block. A cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding shaft, and a contact mechanism is fixedly connected to both sides of the cleaning plate. A first spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft.

2. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact mechanism includes: A contact frame is provided, with a scraper fixedly connected to its side. The cleaning surface of the scraper is set at an angle. The side of the contact frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning plate. Guide plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the angled surface of the scraper. A discharge pipe, the side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the contact frame, a spiral blade is rotatably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe, and a feed chute is provided on the side of the discharge pipe. The contact roller has both ends rotatably connected to the inner side of the contact frame, and one end of the contact roller is fixedly connected to one end of the spiral blade by a fixing bolt.

3. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the sliding shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the cleaning block, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning block, and the bottom of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the cleaning plate.

4. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed trough passes through the contact frame and the discharge pipe. The contact roller drives the spiral blade to rotate in the discharge pipe through the fixing bolt. The discharge pipe has a discharge port at the end away from the contact roller.

5. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication mechanism includes a supporting shell, a supporting frame fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting shell, sliding rods fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the supporting frame, a sliding frame slidably connected to the bottom of the sliding rods, a second spring sleeved on the sliding rods, a flow guiding assembly fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting frame, an oil cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the flow guiding assembly, the side of the oil cylinder fixedly connected to the inner side of the cleaning block, and a rotating roller rotatably connected to the inner side of the sliding frame.

6. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the supporting shell is slidably connected to the inside of the cleaning plate, the side of the sliding frame is slidably connected to the inside of the supporting shell, the top of the second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame, and the bottom of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding frame.

7. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow guiding assembly includes an oil guide pipe and a flow guiding frame. The top of the oil guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil cylinder. A baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the oil guide pipe. A connecting rod is slidably connected to the side of the baffle. An intercepting shaft is fixedly connected to the side of each connecting rod. The side of the intercepting shaft is slidably connected to the inner side of the baffle. A third spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. The bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding frame. The two oil inlet ends of the flow guiding frame are fixedly connected to both sides of the oil guide pipe. An oil outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of each flow guiding frame.

8. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intercepting shaft is arranged around the connecting rod, and the bottom of the intercepting shaft is evenly distributed from high to low.

9. A machine tool screw transmission device with load adaptive compensation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the third spring is fixedly connected to the intercepting shaft, and the bottom of the third spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the oil guide tube.

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