A multi-spindle vertical machining center

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of multi-spindle machining equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-spindle vertical machining center, which comprises a tool changing motor, the output end of the tool changing motor is fixedly connected with a tool changing shaft, the bottom of the tool changing shaft is provided with a tool changing fixing box, the bottom of the tool changing shaft is fixedly connected with a tool changing air rod penetrating through the inner cavity of the tool changing fixing box, and the bottom of the tool changing air rod is fixedly connected with a tool changing combined clamp penetrating through the bottom of the tool changing fixing box; through the setting of a tool magazine mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, the problems of clamping precision reduction caused by pollutant adhesion and tool jamming during tool changing are avoided, through the setting of a cleaning enhancement mechanism, stubborn adhesion on the tool handle is intensively cleaned, through the setting of a sealing rod air passage and a sealing rod liquid passage, the timing control of air passage leading through, gas-liquid passage leading through at the same time and air passage closing alone during the pressing process of the cleaning trigger rod is realized, and through the setting of a pressure detection sensor, the intelligence and maintenance convenience of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of multi-spindle machining equipment, and more particularly to a multi-spindle vertical machining center. Background Technology

[0002] A multi-spindle vertical machining center is a CNC machine tool that can use multiple tools simultaneously or alternately to perform milling, drilling, boring, and other machining operations. During the machining process, rapid tool changing and precise clamping are key to ensuring machining efficiency and accuracy. To achieve automated tool changing, machining centers are usually equipped with a tool magazine mechanism and a tool changing mechanism. The tool magazine mechanism is used to store multiple tools, and the tool changing mechanism takes the target tool from the tool magazine and loads it into the spindle when needed.

[0003] In existing tool magazine mechanisms, the tool holder is usually held in the tool magazine by a tool holder fixing seat. When the machining center is performing cutting operations, coolant, chips, oil mist, and dust in the air can easily adhere to the surface of the tool holder, especially the tapered or locating surface of the tool holder. If the tool holder is not effectively cleaned before entering the tool magazine, or is contaminated during storage, the residue on the tool holder will cause poor contact between the tool holder and the spindle tapered hole when the tool changing mechanism loads the tool into the spindle. This can lead to problems such as decreased clamping accuracy and increased radial runout. In severe cases, cutting chips may cause the tool holder to jam in the spindle or tool magazine, resulting in tool jamming, which can lead to machining interruption or even damage to the machine tool. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the current multi-spindle vertical machining center, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-spindle vertical machining center, the purpose of which is to automate multi-stage cleaning.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tool changing mechanism, comprising a tool changing motor, a tool changing shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the tool changing motor, a tool changing fixing box provided at the bottom of the tool changing shaft, a tool changing air rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool changing shaft through the inner cavity of the tool changing fixing box, and a tool changing assembly fixture fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool changing air rod through the bottom of the tool changing fixing box; characterized in that:

[0008] A tool magazine mechanism includes a tool magazine fixing plate. The left side of the tool magazine fixing plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool changer fixing box. A tool magazine storage box is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine fixing plate. A tool magazine connection hole is opened on the left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box. A tool magazine shaft gear is movably connected to the right side surface of the tool magazine connection hole via a rotating shaft. A tool magazine motor is fixedly connected to the top of the tool magazine fixing plate. A tool magazine motor gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the tool magazine motor through the left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box. The bottom of the tool magazine motor gear and the top of the tool magazine shaft gear are meshed. A shaft gear fixing plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine shaft gear. Sixteen shaft gear fixing plates are arranged at equal intervals. An inner hollow tube is fixedly connected to the right side of the shaft gear fixing plate. An outer hollow tube is movably sleeved on the surface of the inner hollow tube. A tube is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the inner hollow tube. An inner spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer hollow tube. A tool holder fixing seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer hollow tube. A tool holder is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the tool holder fixing seat via an industrial suction cup. The bottom of the tool holder passes through the bottom of the tool holder fixing seat. Tool holder fixing frames are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the tool holder fixing seat. A cylinder support plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool holder fixing plate and to the inner cavity of the tool holder shaft gear. A tool holder cylinder is fixedly connected to the right side of the cylinder support plate and to the inner cavity of the tool holder storage box. A top piece is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the surface of the tool holder cylinder. A movable disk is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer hollow tube and to the bottom of the top piece. A movable trigger rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder fixing frame. The end of the movable trigger rod away from the tool holder fixing frame passes through the tool holder storage box.

[0009] The cleaning mechanism is located at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box. The cleaning mechanism can clean the tool holder and the cutting tool fixed to the tool holder, preventing cutting residue, cutting chips and dust from adhering to the tool holder and the cutting tool, which would reduce the clamping accuracy. At the same time, it avoids the problem of tool jamming during machining caused by the reduction of clamping accuracy.

[0010] A cleaning enhancement mechanism is provided inside the cleaning mechanism. The cleaning enhancement mechanism can assist the cleaning mechanism in cleaning, further enhance the cleaning effect, and prevent difficult-to-remove cutting chips from adhering to the tool holder.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes two outer cleaning plates, each fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the tool magazine storage box. A composite cleaning workpiece is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer cleaning plate. An air inlet channel is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece, and an air outlet channel is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece and corresponding to the back end of the air inlet channel. A gas sealing groove is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece and corresponding to the air inlet and outlet channels. A gas sealing rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the gas sealing groove. An air inlet hole is provided at the back end of the surface of the air inlet channel, and an air outlet hole is provided at the front end of the surface of the air outlet channel and corresponding to the air inlet hole. A sealing rod ventilation groove is provided in the inner cavity of the gas sealing rod and corresponding to the air inlet and outlet holes. A cleaning trigger rod is fixedly connected to the top of the gas sealing rod. The top of the cleaning trigger rod penetrates the top of the composite cleaning workpiece, and the cleaning trigger rod is located at the bottom of the movable trigger rod.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, the cleaning enhancement mechanism includes a liquid inlet channel, which is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece. A liquid outlet channel is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece, corresponding to the front end of the liquid inlet channel. A liquid sealing groove is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece, corresponding to the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel. A liquid sealing rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid sealing groove. A liquid inlet hole is located at the front end of the surface of the liquid inlet channel. A liquid outlet hole is located at the back end of the surface of the liquid outlet channel, corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet hole. The liquid sealing rod is located at the inner cavity of the liquid sealing rod, corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet hole and the liquid outlet hole. A liquid-passing groove with a sealing rod is provided. A cleaning enhancement connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid sealing rod. The back end of the cleaning trigger rod and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod are both provided with meshing teeth. A cleaning composite gear is movably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece through a rotating shaft. The front and back ends of the cleaning composite gear are meshed with the back end of the cleaning trigger rod and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod through meshing teeth. A composite bottom tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the composite cleaning workpiece. A Y-shaped composite groove is provided in the inner cavity of the composite bottom tube. The top of the Y-shaped composite groove is connected to the air outlet channel and the liquid outlet channel. A cleaning nozzle is fixedly connected to the end of the composite bottom tube away from the composite cleaning workpiece.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, the top of the tool magazine inner fixing frame is movably connected to the tool magazine inner telescopic rod via a rotating shaft, and the end of the tool magazine inner telescopic rod away from the tool magazine inner fixing frame is movably connected to the right side of the rotating shaft and the shaft gear fixing plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, a trigger groove is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box and at the position corresponding to the moving trigger rod, and a tool magazine changing port is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box and at the position corresponding to the tool holder.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, the air inlet, air outlet, liquid inlet, and liquid outlet are all at the same horizontal position. The bottom of the sealing rod vent groove is located at the top of the air inlet and air outlet, and the top of the sealing rod liquid inlet groove is located at the bottom of the liquid inlet and liquid outlet. The distance between the bottom of the sealing rod vent groove and the air inlet and air outlet is less than the distance between the top of the sealing rod liquid inlet groove and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet. The length of the sealing rod vent groove is greater than the length of the sealing rod liquid inlet groove.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece is provided with tooth grooves at the positions corresponding to the meshing teeth, and the tooth grooves slide in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, a sealing rod sleeve is fixedly fitted onto the surface of both the cleaning trigger rod and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod, and the sealing rod sleeve is used in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the multi-spindle vertical machining center of the present invention, a spring groove is provided at the front end of the composite cleaning workpiece cavity and at the back end of the cleaning trigger rod and the bottom of the tooth groove. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the spring groove, and a pressure detection sensor is provided at the top of the return spring. The top of the pressure detection sensor is fixedly connected to the back end of the bottom of the cleaning trigger rod.

[0019] In view of the problems existing in the tool changing and cleaning method of the multi-spindle vertical machining center, the present invention is proposed.

[0020] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a tool changing and cleaning method for multi-spindle vertical machining centers, which aims to: clean waste chips and dust, automate cleaning, and enhance the cleaning effect.

[0021] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: When the moving trigger rod is pressed down to the first stroke, the cleaning trigger rod moves downward, and the liquid sealing rod has not yet opened the liquid channel. At this time, the sealing rod vent groove on the gas sealing rod is connected to the air inlet and air outlet. High-pressure gas enters the Y-shaped composite groove through the air inlet channel, the sealing rod vent groove, and the air outlet channel, and is sprayed at high speed from the cleaning nozzle onto the tool holder and cutting tool to blow away the surface cutting chips and dust. The cleaning trigger rod continues to move to the second stroke by pressing down the moving trigger rod, and the sealing rod liquid channel on the liquid sealing rod is connected to the liquid inlet. The cleaning fluid enters the Y-shaped composite tank through the inlet and outlet channels, the sealing rod liquid channel, and the outlet channel. There, it mixes and atomizes with the still-conducting high-pressure gas, which is then sprayed out from the cleaning nozzle as a two-phase gas-liquid mixture. This mixture impacts and cleans the tool holder and cutting tool. The cleaning trigger rod continues to press down to the third stroke, at which point the sealing rod liquid channel on the liquid sealing rod leaves the inlet and outlet, closing the liquid channel. Meanwhile, the sealing rod venting channel on the gas sealing rod remains connected, and high-pressure gas is sprayed out separately from the cleaning nozzle, thoroughly drying the residual cleaning fluid and moisture on the tool holder and cutting tool surfaces, thus completing the cleaning process.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. This invention integrates an automatic cleaning device at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box by setting up a tool magazine mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. When the moving trigger rod rotates with the tool to the cleaning position and descends accordingly, it can automatically trigger the cleaning mechanism to blow high-pressure gas on the tool holder and cutting tool, effectively removing cutting chips and dust, avoiding the decrease in clamping accuracy and tool jamming during tool change caused by the adhesion of contaminants, and improving the operational reliability of the machining center.

[0024] 2. This invention, by setting up a cleaning enhancement mechanism, utilizes the gear meshing transmission between the cleaning trigger rod and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod to convert the downward pressing action of the cleaning trigger rod into the upward movement of the liquid sealing rod, thereby introducing cleaning liquid in sequence on the basis of gas cleaning, forming a gas-liquid mixed atomized spray, which enhances the cleaning of stubborn deposits that are difficult to clean on the tool holder, significantly improving the cleaning effect;

[0025] 3. This invention sets up a sealing rod venting groove and a sealing rod liquid groove, and limits the distance between the bottom of the sealing rod venting groove and the air inlet and outlet to be less than the distance between the top of the sealing rod liquid groove and the liquid inlet and outlet. At the same time, it limits the length of the sealing rod venting groove to be greater than the length of the sealing rod liquid groove. This achieves the timing control of the gas channel opening first, the gas and liquid channels opening simultaneously, and the gas channel closing separately during the pressing of the cleaning trigger rod, thus completing the three-stage automatic cleaning process of blowing soot, cleaning and drying.

[0026] 4. By setting a pressure detection sensor, the present invention can detect the pressure in real time when the device is lifted after cleaning, and then determine whether the tool holder fixing seat in the tool magazine has retracted into place. When the pressure is greater than the set value, it indicates that the spring or other components in the tube above are damaged, and an alarm signal is issued to indicate that there is jamming or malfunction in the tool magazine mechanism, which improves the intelligence and maintenance convenience of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool changing combination fixture provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool changing motor provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool magazine motor provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool magazine storage box provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool magazine shaft gear provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tool magazine cylinder provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the top component provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool magazine internal fixing bracket provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the composite cleaning workpiece provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the reset spring provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the Y-shaped composite groove provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the air inlet provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vent groove for the sealing rod provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] Tool changing mechanism 100; Tool changing motor 101; Tool changing shaft 102; Tool changing fixing box 103; Tool changing air rod 104; Tool changing combination fixture 105; Tool magazine mechanism 200; Tool magazine fixing plate 201; Tool magazine storage box 202; Trigger groove 2021; Tool magazine tool changing port 2022; Tool magazine connecting hole 203; Tool magazine shaft gear 204; Tool magazine motor 205; Tool magazine motor gear 206; Shaft gear fixing plate 207; Inner hollow tube 208; Outer hollow tube 209; Inner tube spring 210; Tool magazine inner tool holder fixing seat 211; Tool holder 212; Tool magazine inner fixing frame 213; Tool magazine inner telescopic rod 2131; Cylinder support plate 214; Tool magazine cylinder 215; Top piece 216; Moving plate 217; Moving trigger rod 218; Cleaning mechanism 300 ; Outer cleaning plate 301; Composite cleaning workpiece 302; Tooth groove 3021; ​​Spring groove 3022; Return spring 3023; Air inlet channel 303; Air outlet channel 304; Gas sealing groove 305; Gas sealing rod 306; Air inlet 307; Air outlet 308; Sealing rod ventilation groove 309; Cleaning trigger rod 310; Sealing rod sleeve 3101; Cleaning enhancement mechanism 400; Liquid inlet channel 401; Liquid outlet channel 402; Liquid sealing groove 403; Liquid sealing rod 404; Liquid inlet 405; Liquid outlet 406; Sealing rod liquid channel 407; Cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408; Meshing teeth 409; Cleaning composite gear 410; Composite bottom tube 411; Y-shaped composite groove 412; Cleaning nozzle 413. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0047] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The tool changing mechanism 100 includes a tool changing motor 101. The output end of the tool changing motor 101 is fixedly connected to a tool changing shaft 102. A tool changing fixing box 103 is provided at the bottom of the tool changing shaft 102. A tool changing air rod 104 is fixedly connected through the inner cavity of the tool changing fixing box 103 at the bottom of the tool changing shaft 102. A tool changing combination fixture 105 is fixedly connected through the bottom of the tool changing fixing box 103 at the bottom of the tool changing mechanism 102.

[0050] One embodiment of this example is as follows: a tool magazine mechanism 200 includes a tool magazine fixing plate 201. The left side of the tool magazine fixing plate 201 and the right side of the tool changing fixing box 103 are fixedly connected. A tool magazine storage box 202 is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine fixing plate 201. A tool magazine connection hole 203 is provided on the left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box 202. A tool magazine shaft gear 204 is movably connected to the right side surface of the tool magazine connection hole 203 via a rotating shaft. A tool magazine motor 205 is fixedly connected to the top of the tool magazine fixing plate 201. The output end of the tool magazine storage box 202 is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box 202. The bottom of the tool magazine motor gear 206 meshes with the top of the tool magazine shaft gear 204. The right side of the tool magazine shaft gear 204 is fixedly connected to a shaft gear fixing plate 207. Sixteen shaft gear fixing plates 207 are provided and evenly distributed. The right side of the shaft gear fixing plate 207 is fixedly connected to an inner hollow tube 208. An outer hollow tube 209 is movably sleeved on the surface of the inner hollow tube 208. The top of the inner wall of the inner hollow tube 208 is fixedly connected to... An inner spring 210 is connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer hollow tube 209. A tool holder fixing seat 211 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer hollow tube 209. A tool holder 212 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the tool holder fixing seat 211 via an industrial suction cup. The bottom of the tool holder 212 penetrates the bottom of the tool holder fixing seat 211. Tool holder fixing brackets 213 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the tool holder fixing seat 211. The right side of the tool holder fixing plate 201 corresponds to the tool holder axis. A cylinder support plate 214 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of gear 204. A tool magazine cylinder 215 is fixedly connected to the right side of cylinder support plate 214 and to the inner cavity of tool magazine storage box 202. A top piece 216 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the surface of tool magazine cylinder 215. A movable disk 217 is fixedly connected to the right side of outer hollow tube 209 and to the bottom of top piece 216. A movable trigger rod 218 is fixedly connected to the bottom of tool magazine inner fixed frame 213. The end of movable trigger rod 218 away from tool magazine inner fixed frame 213 passes through tool magazine storage box 202.

[0051] A trigger groove 2021 is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202 and at the position corresponding to the moving trigger lever 218; a tool magazine changing port 2022 is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202 and at the position corresponding to the tool holder 212.

[0052] The tool magazine mechanism 200 is fixed to the right side of the tool changing box 103, used to store multiple tools and realize automatic tool changing. The left side of the tool magazine fixing plate 201 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the tool changing box 103 by bolts, and the right side is also fixedly connected to the tool magazine storage box 202 by bolts. The tool magazine storage box 202 has an interior for storing tools. The bottom of the box has a tool changing port 2022 corresponding to the position of the tool handle 212, for the tool changing mechanism 100 to take and put in tools. The left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box 202 has a circular tool magazine connection hole 203, in which a rolling bearing is embedded. The central shaft of the tool magazine shaft gear 204 passes through the bearing and connects to the tool magazine. The interference fit allows the tool magazine shaft gear 204 to rotate freely around the horizontal axis within the tool magazine storage box 202. The top of the tool magazine fixing plate 201 is fixedly connected to the tool magazine motor 205 via a motor support. The tool magazine motor 205 is a servo motor, whose output shaft extends horizontally and passes through the left side wall of the tool magazine storage box 202. After entering the inner cavity of the tool magazine storage box 202, it is fixedly connected to the tool magazine motor gear 206. The tool magazine motor gear 206 is located above the tool magazine shaft gear 204 and the two are meshed. When the tool magazine motor 205 starts, its output shaft drives the tool magazine motor gear 206 to rotate, which in turn drives the tool magazine shaft gear 204 to rotate at a reduced angular velocity.

[0053] A disc-shaped gear fixing plate 207 is bolted to the right end face of the tool magazine shaft gear 204. This fixing plate rotates synchronously with the tool magazine shaft gear 204. Sixteen installation positions are evenly distributed along the circumference of the right side of the gear fixing plate 207. Each position is fixedly connected to an inner hollow tube 208, which is a cylindrical steel component with an open lower end. An outer hollow tube 209 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner hollow tube 208. 9 is a cylindrical steel component with an open top. The two can slide relative to each other axially. An inner spring 210 is welded and fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the inner hollow tube 208. The inner spring 210 is a compression helical spring. Its lower end passes through the opening of the inner hollow tube 208 and is welded and fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer hollow tube 209. The inner spring 210 is always in a compressed state and applies an upward elastic thrust to the outer hollow tube 209, so that the outer hollow tube 209 remains in an upward contracted state when there is no external force.

[0054] Each hollow tube 209 has a tool holder fixing seat 211 welded to its lower end. The tool holder fixing seat 211 is a cylindrical shell with a bottom opening. An industrial suction cup is installed on the top of its inner cavity. The lower end face of the suction cup is tightly attached to the top end face of the tool holder 212. The tool holder 212 is attracted and fixed by negative pressure. The lower end of the tool holder 212 passes through the bottom opening of the tool holder fixing seat 211 and extends downward. A cutting tool is installed at the bottom of the tool holder 212. Tool holder fixing frames 213 are symmetrically welded on the left and right sides of the tool holder fixing seat 211. The tool holder fixing frames 213 are made of bent steel plates and are used to increase the radial stiffness of the tool holder fixing seat 211.

[0055] A cylinder support plate 214 is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine fixing plate 201, within the axial hollow area of ​​the tool magazine shaft gear 204. A tool magazine cylinder 215 is bolted to its center. The tool magazine cylinder 215 is a single-acting cylinder with its piston rod extending vertically downwards. A top piece 216, a cylindrical metal block, is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the piston rod. A movable disc 217, a horizontally extending disc-shaped flange, is welded to the right outer wall of each outer hollow tube 209. When the tool magazine shaft gear 204 drives the tool holder fixing seat 211 inside the tool magazine to rotate to the tool changing position corresponding to the tool magazine cylinder 215, the moving disk 217 is exactly below the top piece 216. After the tool magazine cylinder 215 is ventilated, the piston rod extends downward, and the top piece 216 presses down on the moving disk 217, causing the outer hollow tube 209 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 210 inside the tube and extend downward, thereby pushing the tool holder 212 downward out of the tool magazine changing port 2022 at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202 for the tool changing assembly fixture 105 to grab.

[0056] A vertically arranged movable trigger rod 218 is welded to the bottom of the tool magazine inner fixing frame 213. The movable trigger rod 218 is a slender cylindrical steel rod. When it moves, its lower end passes through the trigger groove 2021 corresponding to the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202 and extends out of the box. The trigger groove 2021 is an oblong groove, which allows the movable trigger rod 218 to slide along the groove while rotating with the tool magazine inner fixing frame 213. When the tool magazine cylinder 215 pushes the outer hollow tube 209 downward, the movable trigger rod 218 moves down synchronously with the tool magazine inner fixing frame 213. Its lower end extends out of the bottom surface of the trigger groove 2021 and then presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310 located below the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202, thereby triggering the cleaning mechanism 300 to start working.

[0057] By setting up the tool magazine mechanism 200, multiple tools can be automatically stored, indexed, rotated, and axially pushed out and positioned during tool changing. At the same time, the following downward action of the moving trigger rod 218 is used to accurately trigger the cleaning mechanism 300, which solves the problem that existing tool magazines cannot automatically start tool cleaning during tool changing and that tool holders are affected by contaminants, thus realizing the linkage control of tool magazine tool changing and tool cleaning.

[0058] The top of the tool magazine inner fixing frame 213 is movably connected to the tool magazine inner telescopic rod 2131 via a rotating shaft. The end of the tool magazine inner telescopic rod 2131 away from the tool magazine inner fixing frame 213 is movably connected to the right side of the shaft gear fixing plate 207 via a rotating shaft.

[0059] By setting the telescopic rod 2131 inside the tool magazine, radial stability can be provided when the tool holder fixing seat 211 inside the tool magazine moves up and down with the outer hollow tube 209, preventing circumferential swaying or shaking of the fixing frame 213 inside the tool magazine and the tool holder fixing seat during the extension process, and ensuring the alignment accuracy between the tool holder 212 and the tool changing port 2022 of the tool magazine and the tool changing combination fixture 105.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment considers that after machining, the tool holders 212 and cutting tools in the tool magazine storage box 202 will be covered with cutting chips, coolant residue, and dust from the air. If the tool holders are clamped directly for the next time, the contaminants will cause the tool holders to not fit tightly with the spindle taper hole, resulting in a decrease in clamping accuracy. In severe cases, it may even cause tool change jamming or tool jamming. Therefore, this embodiment provides a cleaning mechanism 300. The cleaning mechanism 300 includes two outer cleaning plates 301, each fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202. A composite cleaning workpiece 302 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer cleaning plate 301. An air inlet channel 303 is opened at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and the corresponding air inlet channel The back end of 303 is provided with an air outlet passage 304. The front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and between the air inlet passage 303 and the air outlet passage 304 is provided with a gas sealing groove 305. The inner cavity of the gas sealing groove 305 is slidably connected with a gas sealing rod 306. The back end of the surface of the air inlet passage 303 is provided with an air inlet hole 307. The front end of the surface of the air outlet passage 304 and at the position corresponding to the air inlet hole 307 is provided with an air outlet hole 308. The inner cavity of the gas sealing rod 306 and at the position corresponding to the air inlet hole 307 and the air outlet hole 308 is provided with a sealing rod ventilation groove 309. The top of the gas sealing rod 306 is fixedly connected with a cleaning trigger rod 310. The top of the cleaning trigger rod 310 penetrates the top of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The cleaning trigger rod 310 is located at the bottom of the movable trigger rod 218.

[0062] The cleaning mechanism 300 includes two outer cleaning plates 301, each fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202. The two outer cleaning plates are parallel and symmetrically distributed, with their lower ends extending downwards beyond the bottom surface of the tool magazine storage box 202 to provide mounting support for the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The composite cleaning workpiece 302 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer cleaning plates 301. The left and right sides of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the left and right outer cleaning plates 301 respectively using countersunk screws, so that the composite cleaning workpiece 302 is horizontally fixed below the center of the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202. A gap is left between its top and the bottom surface of the tool magazine storage box 202 to allow movement of the trigger lever 21. 8. Extension and movement: An air inlet channel 303 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The air inlet channel 303 is a horizontal cylindrical channel. One end of the channel is sealed to an external high-pressure air source through the top surface of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. An air outlet channel 304 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and at the back end of the air inlet channel 303. The air outlet channel 304 is also a horizontal cylindrical channel. One end of the channel is parallel to the air inlet channel 303 and located directly behind it. The other end passes through the front surface of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and is connected to the air inlet of the composite bottom pipe 411 through a hose. The air inlet channel 303 and the air outlet channel 304 are parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction.

[0063] A gas sealing groove 305 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302, corresponding to the air inlet channel 303 and the air outlet channel 304. The gas sealing groove 305 is a longitudinally arranged through groove, with the lower end closed and the upper end open. A gas sealing rod 306 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the gas sealing groove 305. The gas sealing rod 306 slides with the gas sealing groove 305 and can slide up and down within the gas sealing groove 305. An air inlet hole 307 is provided at the back end of the surface of the air inlet channel 303. The air inlet hole 307 is a circular through hole. An air outlet hole 308 is provided at the front end of the surface of the air outlet channel 304, corresponding to the position of the air inlet hole 307. The air outlet hole 308 is also a circular through hole. The air inlet hole 307 and the air outlet hole 308 are located at the same horizontal height, and their center lines are collinear.

[0064] A sealing rod venting groove 309 is provided in the inner cavity of the gas sealing rod 306 at the positions corresponding to the air inlet 307 and the air outlet 308. The sealing rod venting groove 309 is a long groove that runs horizontally through the front and back of the gas sealing rod 306. The center of the sealing rod venting groove 309 is on the same vertical line as the center of the air inlet 307 and the air outlet 308. When the gas sealing rod 306 is in the initial position at the top, the sealing rod venting groove 309 is located above the air inlet 307 and the air outlet 308, and the two are blocked by the solid part of the gas sealing rod 306. When the gas sealing rod 306 moves down a certain distance, the sealing rod venting groove 309 gradually moves down to be aligned with the air inlet 307 and the air outlet 308, thereby connecting the air inlet flow channel 303 and the air outlet flow channel 304.

[0065] A cleaning trigger rod 310 is fixedly connected to the top of the gas sealing rod 306. The cleaning trigger rod 310 is a slender cylindrical stainless steel rod, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the top center screw hole of the gas sealing rod 306 by a thread. The top of the cleaning trigger rod 310 penetrates the top of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The cleaning trigger rod 310 is set at the bottom of the moving trigger rod 218. Specifically, when the tool magazine shaft gear 204 drives the tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine to rotate to the cleaning position, the lower end of the moving trigger rod 218 at the bottom of the tool magazine fixing frame 213 extends downward synchronously into the trigger groove 2021 at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202 when the tool magazine cylinder 215 drives the outer hollow tube 209 to move downward. Its extended end is exactly above the cleaning trigger rod 310. When the moving trigger rod 218 continues to move downward, its lower end face contacts and presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310, thereby driving the gas sealing rod 306 to slide downward.

[0066] By setting up a cleaning mechanism 300, the tool magazine's own tool changing action drives the moving trigger rod 218 to press the cleaning trigger rod 310, thereby controlling the sliding of the gas sealing rod 306. This allows high-pressure gas to flow from the air inlet channel 303 to the air outlet channel 304 through the sealing rod vent groove 309 at a specific stroke position. Finally, the gas is sprayed onto the tool holder 212 and the cutting tool through the composite bottom pipe 411 and the cleaning nozzle 413, achieving the function of automatically and explosively blowing away cutting chips and dust from the surface. This effectively solves the problem that tools in the tool magazine cannot be automatically cleaned before storage and tool changing, ensuring clamping accuracy and smooth tool changing.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment considers that the cleaning mechanism 300 in Embodiment 2 can use high-pressure gas to perform a burst-like blowing of the tool holder 212 and cutting tool to remove surface dust and loose chips. However, the gas blowing still cannot effectively remove dried coolant residue, oil stains, and highly adhesive fine chips. If these deposits are not removed, they will still affect the clamping accuracy of the tool holder and the fit quality of the spindle taper hole, resulting in tool jamming. Therefore, this embodiment provides a cleaning enhancement mechanism 400. The cleaning enhancement mechanism 400 includes a liquid inlet channel 401, which is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. A liquid outlet channel 402 is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302, corresponding to the front end of the liquid inlet channel 401. A liquid sealing groove 403 is located between the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and the liquid inlet channel 401 and the liquid outlet channel 402. A liquid sealing rod 404 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid sealing groove 403. The front end of the surface of the liquid inlet channel 401... A liquid inlet 405 is provided, and a liquid outlet 406 is provided on the back end of the surface of the liquid outlet flow channel 402, corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet 405. A sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is provided in the inner cavity of the liquid sealing rod 404, corresponding to the positions of the liquid inlet 405 and the liquid outlet 406. A cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid sealing rod 404. Both the back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 are provided with meshing teeth 409. The top of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 is movably connected to a cleaning composite... The front and back ends of the cleaning compound gear 410 are connected to the back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 through meshing teeth 409. The bottom of the compound cleaning workpiece 302 is fixedly connected to the compound bottom tube 411. The inner cavity of the compound bottom tube 411 is provided with a Y-shaped compound groove 412. The top of the Y-shaped compound groove 412 is connected to the air outlet passage 304 and the liquid outlet passage 402. The end of the compound bottom tube 411 away from the compound cleaning workpiece 302 is fixedly connected to the cleaning nozzle 413.

[0069] The air inlet 307, air outlet 308, liquid inlet 405, and liquid outlet 406 are all at the same horizontal position. The bottom of the sealing rod vent groove 309 is located at the top of the air inlet 307 and air outlet 308, and the top of the sealing rod liquid channel 407 is located at the bottom of the liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406. The distance between the bottom of the sealing rod vent groove 309 and the air inlet 307 and air outlet 308 is less than the distance between the top of the sealing rod liquid channel 407 and the liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406. The length of the sealing rod vent groove 309 is greater than the length of the sealing rod liquid channel 407.

[0070] The inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 is provided with tooth grooves 3021 at the position corresponding to the meshing teeth 409. The tooth grooves 3021 slide in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408.

[0071] A sealing rod sleeve 3101 is fixedly fitted onto the surfaces of both the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408. The sealing rod sleeve 3101 is used in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408.

[0072] The cleaning enhancement mechanism 400 includes a liquid inlet channel 401, which is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. Its opening is located at the top rear end of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and is used to seal and connect to the external cleaning fluid supply pipeline. The bottom of the liquid inlet channel 401 extends to the vicinity of the liquid sealing tank 403. The inner wall of the channel is polished to reduce flow resistance. A liquid outlet channel 402 is provided at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and at the front end of the liquid inlet channel 401. The liquid outlet channel 402 is a horizontal cylindrical channel. One end of it is parallel to the liquid inlet channel 401 and located in front of it. The other end is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet of the composite bottom pipe 411. The liquid inlet channel 401 and the liquid outlet channel 402 are parallel to each other in space.

[0073] A liquid sealing groove 403 is provided at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302, corresponding to the liquid inlet channel 401 and the liquid outlet channel 402. The lower end of the liquid sealing groove 403 is closed, and the upper end is open. The liquid sealing groove 403 and the gas sealing groove 305 are symmetrically arranged front and back inside the composite cleaning workpiece 302. A liquid sealing rod 404 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid sealing groove 403. The liquid sealing rod 404 is a stainless steel rod and can slide up and down in the liquid sealing groove 403, sliding from the lower limit position to the upper limit position. A liquid inlet hole 405 is provided at the front end of the surface of the liquid inlet channel 401. The liquid inlet hole 405 is a circular through hole. A liquid outlet hole is provided at the back end of the surface of the liquid outlet channel 402, corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet hole 405. Hole 406 and liquid outlet 406 are also circular through holes. Liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406 are located at the same horizontal level, and their center lines are collinear, which is at the same level as the center lines of air inlet 307 and air outlet 308. A sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is provided in the inner cavity of the liquid sealing rod 404 and at the position corresponding to the liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406. The sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is a rectangular long groove that runs horizontally through the front and rear directions of the liquid sealing rod 404. The center position of the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is on the same vertical line as the center of the liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406. When the liquid sealing rod 404 slides upward, the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 moves upward accordingly. When it moves to be aligned with the liquid inlet 405 and liquid outlet 406, the liquid channel is opened.

[0074] A cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid sealing rod 404. The cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 is a cylindrical stainless steel rod, which is fixedly connected to the threaded hole machined at the center of the top of the liquid sealing rod 404. The upper end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 passes through the top of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and extends upward to the top surface of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 are both provided with meshing teeth 409. The back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 is machined with rack-shaped meshing teeth along the length direction. The length of the teeth covers the entire stroke of the cleaning trigger rod 310. The front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 is also machined with the same meshing teeth, but the arrangement direction is opposite.

[0075] A cleaning compound gear 410 is movably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 via a rotating shaft. The cleaning compound gear 410 is installed in the gear mounting hole at the top of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The front end and back end of the cleaning compound gear 410 are connected to the back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 through meshing teeth 409. Specifically, the cleaning compound gear 410 is located between the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408. Its front tooth surface meshes with the meshing teeth at the back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310, and its rear tooth surface meshes with the meshing teeth at the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408. When the cleaning trigger rod 310 moves downward, it drives the cleaning compound gear 410 to rotate through the meshing teeth, thereby driving the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 to move upward. Conversely, when the cleaning trigger rod 310 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 3022, the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 moves downward.

[0076] A composite bottom tube 411 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The composite bottom tube 411 is an integral component and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the composite cleaning workpiece 302. The lower end of the composite bottom tube 411 is cylindrical, and a Y-shaped composite groove 412 is opened in the inner cavity of the composite bottom tube 411. The Y-shaped composite groove 412 is a flow channel with a Y-shaped intersection inside. The upper end of the Y-shaped composite groove 412 has two independent inlets, which are sealed and connected to the air outlet flow channel 304 and the liquid outlet flow channel 402 respectively. The ends have a common outlet, which merges and extends vertically downward to facilitate the full mixing and atomization of gas and liquid. The top of the Y-shaped composite tank 412 is connected to the gas outlet channel 304 and the liquid outlet channel 402, so that gas and liquid can meet in the Y-shaped composite tank 412 and form a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The end of the composite bottom pipe 411 away from the composite cleaning workpiece 302 is fixedly connected to a cleaning nozzle 413, which is aligned with the conical surface of the tool holder 212 and the cutting edge of the cutting tool to enhance the gas-liquid mixing effect.

[0077] To achieve a three-stage sequential control process of "air blowing → simultaneous air-liquid cleaning → air drying," key dimensions are precisely set. The air inlet 307, air outlet 308, liquid inlet 405, and liquid outlet 406 are all at the same horizontal level, meaning their centerlines are on the same height plane. The bottom of the sealing rod venting groove 309 is positioned above the air inlet 307 and air outlet 308. This means that when the gas sealing rod 306 is in its initial uppermost position, the entire groove of the sealing rod venting groove 309 is positioned above the air inlet 307 and air outlet 308, effectively blocking airflow. The top of the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is located at the bottom of the liquid inlet hole 405 and the liquid outlet hole 406. That is, when the liquid sealing rod 404 is in the initial position, the entire groove of the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 is located below the liquid inlet hole 405 and the liquid outlet hole 406, thus blocking the liquid flow. The distance between the bottom of the sealing rod vent groove 309 and the vent hole 307 and the vent hole 308 is less than the distance between the top of the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 and the vent hole 405 and the liquid outlet hole 406. The length of the sealing rod vent groove 309 is greater than the length of the sealing rod liquid passage groove 407.

[0078] Both the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 are fixedly fitted with sealing rod sleeves 3101. The sealing rod sleeves 3101 are cylindrical and are interference-fitted with the diameter of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408. Each sealing rod sleeve 3101 has an annular sealing lip on its upper end face to prevent external contaminants from entering the interior of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and to prevent internal gas or liquid from leaking out. The sealing rod sleeves 3101 work in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408 to ensure low-friction sealing and precise guidance during their reciprocating motion.

[0079] By setting up a cleaning enhancement mechanism 400, the gear linkage between the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod 408, as well as the size difference between the sealing rod ventilation groove 309 and the sealing rod liquid groove 407, is used to automatically complete the three-stage cleaning sequence of high-pressure gas blowing, gas-liquid mixed atomization cleaning, and high-pressure gas drying at different stroke stages when the moving trigger rod 218 presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310. This achieves the effect of thoroughly removing stubborn deposits from the tool holder 212 and the cutting tool.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment considers that after the tool magazine cylinder 215 is depressurized, the outer hollow tube 209 and the tool holder fixing seat 211 inside the tool magazine need to retract upward and reset under the combined action of the inner spring 210 and the spring inside the telescopic rod 2131 inside the tool magazine. If the inner spring 210 suffers fatigue fracture, the telescopic rod 2131 inside the tool magazine gets stuck, or the frictional resistance between the outer hollow tube 209 and the inner hollow tube 208 is too large due to chip intrusion, the tool holder fixing seat 211 inside the tool magazine may not be able to fully retract to the initial position inside the tool magazine storage box 202, resulting in the bottom of the tool holder 212 still partially protruding. The bottom surface of the tool magazine storage box 202 may scrape against or even jam when the tool magazine rotates to change tools, causing serious malfunctions. Therefore, in this embodiment, a reset spring 3023 and a pressure detection sensor are provided. A spring groove 3022 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece 302 and at the back end of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the bottom of the tooth groove 3021. The reset spring 3023 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the spring groove 3022. A pressure detection sensor is provided at the top of the reset spring 3023. The top of the pressure detection sensor is fixedly connected to the back end of the bottom of the cleaning trigger rod 310.

[0082] By setting a reset spring 3023 and a pressure detection sensor, the automatic reset of the cleaning trigger rod 310 and the real-time monitoring of the retraction state of the tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine are realized. After the pressure of the tool magazine cylinder 215 is released, the moving trigger rod 218 retracts upward with the outer hollow tube 209, and the downward pressure on the cleaning trigger rod 310 gradually decreases. At this time, the compressed reset spring 3023 pushes the cleaning trigger rod 310 upward to return it to its initial position. During the upward movement of the cleaning trigger rod 310, the pressure detection sensor detects the pressure value applied by the reset spring 3023 to the bottom of the cleaning trigger rod 310 in real time and transmits the pressure signal to the controller of the machining center. The controller has a preset pressure threshold. Under normal conditions, when the tool holder fixing seat 211 and the outer hollow tube 209 in the tool magazine are fully retracted, the moving trigger rod 218 has completely disengaged from the cleaning trigger rod 310. 0. The cleaning trigger rod 310 only bears the elastic force of the return spring 3023. The pressure detection sensor reading is stable below the threshold. If the tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine fails to fully retract to its original position due to reasons such as the broken inner spring 210, the jammed telescopic rod 2131 in the tool magazine, or excessive frictional resistance between the outer hollow tube 209 and the inner hollow tube 208, the moving trigger rod 218 will still partially press down on the cleaning trigger rod 310, causing the cleaning trigger rod 310 to fail to rise to the initial highest position. The compression of the return spring 3023 will be greater than the normal value, and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection sensor will exceed the set pressure threshold. After receiving the over-threshold signal, the controller will immediately determine that the retraction of the tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine is abnormal, and then issue an audible and visual alarm signal and display a prompt message on the machine tool operation panel. At the same time, the tool magazine motor 205 will be prohibited from starting and tool changing to prevent tool scraping or jamming accidents.

[0083] In addition, the pressure detection sensor can monitor the changes in downward pressure on the cleaning trigger rod 310 in real time during the cleaning process. When the moving trigger rod 218 presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310, the pressure detection sensor outputs a continuously increasing pressure signal. The controller can use this signal to determine whether the downward stroke has reached the pressure value corresponding to the three preset cleaning stages. This serves as a redundant detection method to verify whether the gas and liquid channels are connected according to the design sequence. If the pressure signal fluctuates abnormally, it indicates that the moving trigger rod 218 and the cleaning trigger rod 310 have slipped or the cleaning trigger rod 310 has become stuck. The controller will also issue a maintenance alarm through the pressure detection sensor.

[0084] By setting a reset spring 3023 and a pressure detection sensor, not only is the reliable automatic return of the cleaning trigger rod 310 achieved, but more importantly, the quantitative monitoring of the return pressure by the pressure detection sensor indirectly determines whether the tool holder fixing seat 211 and the outer hollow tube 209 in the tool magazine have retracted into place. This effectively prevents serious faults such as rotational interference and tool collision caused by poor tool magazine return. At the same time, the pressure detection sensor can also be used for online diagnosis of the movement status of the cleaning trigger rod, improving the intelligence level and maintainability of the tool magazine mechanism 200 and the cleaning mechanism 300, and solving the problems of the inability to automatically detect the tool magazine return status and the lag in fault detection in the prior art.

[0085] Working principle:

[0086] When the machining center needs to change tools, the controller sends a command to start the tool magazine motor 205. The tool magazine motor 205 drives the tool magazine motor gear 206 to rotate, which in turn drives the tool magazine shaft gear 204 and the shaft gear fixing plate 207 to rotate. Sixteen tool magazine retainer fixing seats 211 are equidistantly installed on the shaft gear fixing plate 207. Each fixing seat has a tool holder 212 and its cutting tool fixed in it by an industrial suction cup. The tool magazine shaft gear 204 rotates the target tool to the tool changing position corresponding to the tool magazine cylinder 215.

[0087] When the tool magazine cylinder 215 is ventilated, its piston rod extends downwards, and the top piece 216 presses down on the moving plate 217, causing the outer hollow tube 209 to overcome the elastic force of the inner spring 210 and slide downwards along the inner hollow tube 208. The outer hollow tube 209 drives the tool holder fixing seat 211 and the tool holder 212 inside the tool magazine to extend downwards out of the tool magazine changing port 2022 at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box 202. At the same time, the moving trigger rod 218 at the bottom of the fixing frame 213 inside the tool magazine moves down and passes through the trigger groove 2021 to extend out of the bottom surface of the tool magazine storage box 202.

[0088] After the movable trigger rod 218 extends, its lower end contacts and presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310, driving the cleaning mechanism 300 and the cleaning enhancement mechanism 400 to work in the following sequence: the movable trigger rod 218 presses down on the cleaning trigger rod 310 to move downward, the sealing rod ventilation groove 309 on the gas sealing rod 306 aligns with the air inlet 307 and the air outlet 308, the gas channel is opened, and the high-pressure gas enters the Y-shaped composite groove 412 through the air inlet flow channel 303-air inlet 307-sealing rod ventilation groove 309-air outlet 308-air outlet flow channel 304, and then is ejected at high speed from the cleaning nozzle 413 to perform explosive blowing on the conical surface of the tool holder 212 and the surface of the cutting tool, removing floating dust, loose chips and dried particles.

[0089] As the cleaning trigger rod 310 continues to move downward, the liquid sealing rod 404 moves upward under the linkage of the cleaning composite gear 410. The sealing rod liquid passage groove 407 aligns with the liquid inlet hole 405 and the liquid outlet hole 406, and the liquid channel is opened. The liquid enters the Y-shaped composite tank 412 through the liquid inlet flow channel 401-liquid inlet hole 405-sealing rod liquid passage groove 407-liquid outlet hole 406-liquid outlet flow channel 402. At this time, the gas channel remains open. The high-pressure gas and the cleaning liquid are violently mixed and atomized in the Y-shaped composite tank 412, forming a gas-liquid two-phase jet that is sprayed out at high speed from the cleaning nozzle 413. This jet powerfully impacts and cleans the tool holder 212 and the cutting tool, removing oil, dried coolant, and sticky chips.

[0090] As the cleaning trigger rod 310 continues to press down, because the sealing rod liquid channel 407 is relatively short, after the liquid sealing rod 404 moves upward, the sealing rod liquid channel 407 leaves the liquid inlet hole 405 and the liquid outlet hole 406, and the liquid channel is closed. However, the sealing rod venting channel 309 is relatively long, and the gas channel remains open. High-pressure gas is sprayed out separately from the cleaning nozzle 413 to thoroughly dry the cleaning fluid and moisture remaining on the surface of the tool holder 212 and the cutting tool, completing the three-stage cleaning process of blowing off dust, cleaning, and drying.

[0091] After cleaning, the tool changer motor 101 drives the tool changer shaft 102, the tool changer fixing box 103 and the tool changer air rod 104 to move. The tool changer combination fixture 105 grabs the cleaned tool holder 212, takes it out of the tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine and puts it into the spindle taper hole to achieve precise tool change.

[0092] After the tool change is completed, the tool magazine cylinder 215 is depressurized, and the outer hollow tube 209 retracts upward and resets under the combined action of the inner spring 210 and the inner spring of the telescopic rod 2131 in the tool magazine. The moving trigger rod 218 moves upward accordingly, releasing the downward pressure on the cleaning trigger rod 310.

[0093] The reset spring 3023 pushes the cleaning trigger rod 310 upward through the pressure detection sensor, returning it to its initial position. The pressure detection sensor monitors the pressure value applied by the reset spring 3023 in real time and transmits the signal to the PLC controller.

[0094] Normal state: The tool holder fixing seat 211 in the tool magazine is fully retracted into place, the moving trigger rod 218 is disengaged from the cleaning trigger rod 310, the pressure detection sensor reading is lower than the preset threshold, and the controller determines that it is normal.

[0095] Abnormal conditions: If the inner spring 210 breaks, the telescopic rod is stuck, or the outer hollow tube has excessive friction causing the tool holder fixing seat to not retract into place, the moving trigger rod 218 will still partially press down the cleaning trigger rod 310. If the pressure detection sensor reading exceeds the threshold, the controller will immediately issue an audible and visual alarm and display a tool magazine return fault on the operation panel. At the same time, the tool magazine motor 205 will be prohibited from starting and subsequent tool changing actions to prevent tool scraping or jamming accidents.

[0096] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible without substantially departing from the novelty and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, variations in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​such as temperature, pressure, etc., installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc. For instance, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure performing the function described herein, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0097] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments may be omitted, i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-spindle vertical machining center, comprising a tool changing mechanism (100), which includes a tool changing motor (101), the output end of which is fixedly connected to a tool changing shaft (102), a tool changing fixing box (103) being provided at the bottom of the tool changing shaft (102), a tool changing air rod (104) being fixedly connected through the inner cavity of the tool changing fixing box (103) at the bottom of the tool changing shaft (102), and a tool changing combination fixture (105) being fixedly connected through the bottom of the tool changing fixing box (103); characterized in that: The tool magazine mechanism (200) includes a tool magazine fixing plate (201), the left side of which is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool change fixing box (103). A tool magazine storage box (202) is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine fixing plate (201). A tool magazine connection hole (203) is provided on the left side of the inner wall of the tool magazine storage box (202). A tool magazine shaft gear (204) is movably connected to the right side surface of the tool magazine connection hole (203) via a rotating shaft. A tool magazine motor (205) is fixedly connected to the top of the tool magazine fixing plate (201). The output end of the tool magazine motor (205) passes through the tool magazine storage box. A tool magazine motor gear (206) is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the housing (202). The bottom of the tool magazine motor gear (206) and the top of the tool magazine shaft gear (204) are meshed. A shaft gear fixing plate (207) is fixedly connected to the right side of the tool magazine shaft gear (204). Sixteen shaft gear fixing plates (207) are provided and evenly distributed. An inner hollow tube (208) is fixedly connected to the right side of the shaft gear fixing plate (207). An outer hollow tube (209) is movably sleeved on the surface of the inner hollow tube (208). An inner tube spring (209) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the inner hollow tube (208). 10) The bottom of the inner spring (210) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the outer hollow tube (209). The bottom of the outer hollow tube (209) is fixedly connected to the tool magazine holder fixing seat (211). The inner cavity of the tool magazine holder fixing seat (211) is fixedly connected to the tool holder (212) by an industrial suction cup. The bottom of the tool holder (212) penetrates the bottom of the tool magazine holder fixing seat (211). The left and right sides of the tool magazine holder fixing seat (211) are fixedly connected to the tool magazine fixing bracket (213). The right side of the tool magazine fixing plate (201) and the corresponding tool magazine shaft gear (204) are also fixedly connected. A cylinder support plate (214) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the tool magazine storage box (202). A tool magazine cylinder (215) is fixedly connected to the right side of the cylinder support plate (214) and to the inner cavity of the tool magazine storage box (202). A top piece (216) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the surface of the tool magazine cylinder (215). A movable disk (217) is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer hollow tube (209) and to the bottom of the top piece (216). A movable trigger rod (218) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool magazine inner fixed frame (213). The end of the movable trigger rod (218) away from the tool magazine inner fixed frame (213) passes through the tool magazine storage box (202). The cleaning mechanism (300) is located at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box (202). The cleaning mechanism (300) can clean the tool holder (212) and the cutting tool fixed to the tool holder (212) to prevent cutting residues, cutting chips and dust from adhering to the tool holder and the cutting tool, which would reduce the clamping accuracy. At the same time, it avoids the problem of tool jamming during processing due to the decrease in clamping accuracy. A cleaning enhancement mechanism (400) is provided inside the cleaning mechanism (300). The cleaning enhancement mechanism (400) can assist the cleaning mechanism (300) in cleaning, further enhance the cleaning effect, and prevent difficult-to-clean cutting chips from adhering to the tool holder (212).

2. The multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (300) includes an outer cleaning plate (301). Two outer cleaning plates (301) are provided, each fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the tool magazine storage box (202). A composite cleaning workpiece (302) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer cleaning plate (301). An air inlet channel (303) is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302). An air outlet channel (304) is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) and corresponding to the back end of the air inlet channel (303). A gas sealing groove (305) is provided between the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) and corresponding to the air inlet channel (303) and the air outlet channel (304). A gas sealing rod (306) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sealing groove (305). An air inlet hole (307) is provided at the back end of the surface of the air inlet channel (303). An air outlet hole (308) is provided at the front end of the surface of the air outlet channel (304) and at the position corresponding to the air inlet hole (307). A sealing rod ventilation groove (309) is provided in the inner cavity of the gas sealing rod (306) and at the position corresponding to the air inlet hole (307) and the air outlet hole (308). A cleaning trigger rod (310) is fixedly connected to the top of the gas sealing rod (306). The top of the cleaning trigger rod (310) penetrates the top of the composite cleaning workpiece (302). The cleaning trigger rod (310) is located at the bottom of the moving trigger rod (218).

3. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning enhancement mechanism (400) includes a liquid inlet channel (401) located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302). A liquid outlet channel (402) is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) and corresponding to the front end of the liquid inlet channel (401). A liquid sealing groove is located at the back end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) between the liquid inlet channel (401) and the liquid outlet channel (402). (403) A liquid sealing rod (404) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid sealing groove (403). An inlet hole (405) is provided at the front end of the surface of the liquid inlet flow channel (401). An outlet hole (406) is provided at the back end of the surface of the liquid outlet flow channel (402) and at the position corresponding to the inlet hole (405). A sealing rod liquid passage groove (407) is provided in the inner cavity of the liquid sealing rod (404) and at the position corresponding to the inlet hole (405) and the outlet hole (406). A cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid sealing rod (404). Both the back end of the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the front end of the cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408) are provided with meshing teeth (409). A cleaning composite gear (410) is movably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) via a rotating shaft. The front and back ends of the cleaning composite gear (410) are connected to the back end of the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408). The front end is connected by meshing teeth (409). The bottom of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) is fixedly connected to a composite bottom tube (411). The inner cavity of the composite bottom tube (411) is provided with a Y-shaped composite groove (412). The top of the Y-shaped composite groove (412) is connected to the air outlet channel (304) and the liquid outlet channel (402). The end of the composite bottom tube (411) away from the composite cleaning workpiece (302) is fixedly connected to a cleaning nozzle (413).

4. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tool magazine inner fixing frame (213) is movably connected to the tool magazine inner telescopic rod (2131) via a rotating shaft. The end of the tool magazine inner telescopic rod (2131) away from the tool magazine inner fixing frame (213) is movably connected to the right side of the rotating shaft and the shaft gear fixing plate (207).

5. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trigger groove (2021) is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box (202) and at the position corresponding to the moving trigger rod (218). A tool magazine changing port (2022) is provided at the bottom of the tool magazine storage box (202) and at the position corresponding to the tool handle (212).

6. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet (307), air outlet (308), liquid inlet (405), and liquid outlet (406) are all at the same horizontal position. The bottom of the sealing rod vent groove (309) is located at the top of the air inlet (307) and air outlet (308). The top of the sealing rod liquid channel (407) is located at the bottom of the liquid inlet (405) and liquid outlet (406). The distance between the bottom of the sealing rod vent groove (309) and the air inlet (307) and air outlet (308) is less than the distance between the top of the sealing rod liquid channel (407) and the liquid inlet (405) and liquid outlet (406). The length of the sealing rod vent groove (309) is greater than the length of the sealing rod liquid channel (407).

7. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) is provided with tooth grooves (3021) at the position corresponding to the meshing teeth (409), and the tooth grooves (3021) slide in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408).

8. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfaces of the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408) are both fixedly fitted with sealing rod sleeves (3101), which are used in conjunction with the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the cleaning enhancement connecting rod (408).

9. A multi-spindle vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring groove (3022) is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the composite cleaning workpiece (302) and at the back end of the cleaning trigger rod (310) and the bottom of the tooth groove (3021). A return spring (3023) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the spring groove (3022). A pressure detection sensor is provided at the top of the return spring (3023). The top of the pressure detection sensor is fixedly connected to the back end of the bottom of the cleaning trigger rod (310).

10. A tool changing and cleaning method for a multi-spindle vertical machining center, characterized in that: Including the multi-spindle vertical machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 9, it further includes, When the moving trigger rod (218) presses down the cleaning trigger rod (310) to the first stroke, the cleaning trigger rod (310) moves downward. The liquid sealing rod (404) has not yet opened the liquid channel. At this time, the sealing rod vent groove (309) on the gas sealing rod (306) has connected the air inlet (307) and the air outlet (308). The high-pressure gas enters the Y-shaped composite groove (412) through the air inlet passage (303), the sealing rod vent groove (309), and the air outlet passage (304), and is sprayed at high speed from the cleaning nozzle (413) onto the tool holder (212) and the cutting tool to blow away the cutting chips and dust on the surface. The cleaning trigger rod (310) continues to move to the second stroke by pressing down the moving trigger rod (218). The sealing rod liquid passage groove (407) on the liquid sealing rod (404) connects the liquid inlet hole (405) and the liquid outlet hole (406). The cleaning liquid enters the Y-type composite tank (412) through the liquid inlet flow channel (401), the sealing rod liquid passage groove (407), and the liquid outlet flow channel (402). It mixes and atomizes with the high-pressure gas that is still conducting in the Y-type composite tank (412). The gas-liquid two-phase mixture is sprayed out from the cleaning nozzle (413) to impact and clean the tool holder (212) and cutting tool. The cleaning trigger rod (310) continues to press down to the third stroke. The sealing rod liquid passage groove (407) on the liquid sealing rod (404) leaves the liquid inlet hole (405) and the liquid outlet hole (406), and the liquid channel is closed. However, the sealing rod vent groove (309) on the gas sealing rod (306) remains connected. High-pressure gas is sprayed out separately from the cleaning nozzle (413) to thoroughly dry the cleaning fluid and moisture remaining on the tool holder (212) and the cutting tool surface, thus completing the cleaning.

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