Metal shaft polishing apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to a metal shaft polishing device and relates to the technical field of metal processing equipment, which comprises a workbench, a fixing mechanism arranged on the workbench and used for fixing a metal shaft, a rotating mechanism used for driving the fixing mechanism to rotate, a polishing device used for polishing the metal shaft, a waste residue collecting box slidably arranged on the workbench and used for collecting the residues generated during the polishing of the metal shaft, and a suction mechanism used for sucking air at the polishing position of the metal shaft so as to guide the residues to the waste residue collecting box; the waste residue collecting box is located below the fixing mechanism; a filter hole is arranged at the bottom of the waste residue collecting box, and a filter gauze is detachably arranged in the waste residue collecting box; the suction mechanism comprises a suction fan arranged below the waste residue collecting box and a second motor used for driving the suction fan to rotate so as to suck air through the filter hole. The application has the effect of conveniently collecting the residues generated during the polishing of the metal shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing equipment technology, and in particular to a metal shaft polishing device. Background Technology

[0002] Metal shaft polishing equipment is a specialized device used for the precision machining of metal shaft parts. It removes surface defects and reduces roughness through the relative motion of abrasive particles with the metal shaft surface, thereby improving the assembly accuracy, wear resistance, and service life of the parts. This equipment is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and rail transportation industries, and is a key piece of equipment in the metal shaft machining process.

[0003] Existing metal shaft polishing equipment includes a worktable, a fixture, and a polishing disc. During operation, the metal shaft is first fixed by the fixture on the worktable, and then the fixed metal shaft is rotated. While the metal shaft is rotating, the rotating polishing disc polishes the metal shaft.

[0004] The above structure cannot collect the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft, resulting in scratches, indentations, and inclusions on the polished surface of the metal shaft, thus reducing product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To facilitate the collection of debris generated during the polishing of metal shafts, this invention provides a metal shaft polishing device.

[0006] This invention provides a metal shaft polishing device, which adopts the following technical solution: A metal shaft polishing device includes a worktable, a fixing mechanism disposed on the worktable for fixing the metal shaft, a rotating mechanism for driving the fixing mechanism to rotate, and a polishing device for grinding and polishing the metal shaft. It also includes a waste collection box slidably mounted on the worktable for collecting the debris generated during the grinding and polishing of the metal shaft, and an absorption mechanism for suctioning the polishing position of the metal shaft to guide the debris to the waste collection box. The waste collection box is located below the fixing mechanism; the bottom of the waste collection box is provided with a filter hole and a filter screen is detachably installed inside the waste collection box to prevent debris from passing through the filter hole; The absorption mechanism includes an absorption fan located below the waste collection box and a second motor that drives the absorption fan to rotate so as to draw air through the filter holes.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the metal shaft is fixed by a fixing mechanism, and then the metal shaft held by the fixing mechanism is driven to rotate synchronously by a rotating mechanism. Then, the metal shaft is polished by a polishing device, making the polishing of the metal shaft more uniform. The metal debris generated during the polishing process is guided from the polishing position to the waste collection box by the suction air generated by the absorption mechanism, realizing the real-time collection of waste. The suction air can also cool the polishing position of the metal shaft. At the same time, when the debris enters the collection box with the airflow, it is first blocked by the filter screen and then filtered twice by the filter holes to ensure that the debris is completely stored in the waste collection box.

[0008] Optionally, the polishing device includes a polishing disc, a fifth motor that drives the polishing disc to rotate, a lifting mechanism mounted on the worktable for driving the polishing disc to move up and down to approach or move away from the metal shaft to be polished, and a displacement mechanism for driving the polishing disc to move horizontally to perform axial polishing along the metal shaft. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate that is vertically slidably mounted on the workbench, second threaded rods symmetrically arranged on the lifting plate and used to drive the lifting plate to move up and down, a synchronization component that drives the two second threaded rods to rotate synchronously, and a fourth motor mounted on the workbench and used to drive one of the second threaded rods to rotate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the fourth motor drives the second threaded rod to rotate, and the two second threaded rods rotate synchronously through the synchronization component, thereby driving the lifting plate to rise and fall. When the lifting plate rises and falls, it drives the fifth motor and the polishing disc to rise and fall to fit the metal shaft, so that the fifth motor drives the polishing disc to rotate to grind and polish the metal shaft. When it is necessary to grind and polish different positions of the metal shaft, the displacement mechanism drives the polishing disc to move horizontally to perform axial polishing along the metal shaft, so as to grind and polish different positions of the metal shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the displacement mechanism includes a third threaded rod rotatably mounted on the lifting plate, a sliding block threaded onto the third threaded rod and used for mounting the polishing disc, and a sixth motor for driving the third threaded rod to rotate. The lifting plate has sliding holes for the horizontal displacement of the sliding block to restrict the rotation of the sliding block and guide the displacement; The absorption fan is horizontally slidably mounted on the worktable and is always directly opposite the polishing disc.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the sixth motor is started to drive the third threaded rod to rotate. When the third threaded rod rotates, it drives the sliding block connected to it to move along the sliding hole to limit the rotation of the sliding block and guide the displacement. When the sliding block moves, it drives the polishing disc to move together so that the polishing disc is always facing the absorption fan.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating mechanism includes a first threaded rod horizontally mounted on the workbench and located below the waste collection box, a first motor driving the first threaded rod to rotate, a vertically arranged transmission shaft driven to rotate by the first threaded rod, and a drive shaft driven to rotate by the transmission shaft and installed by the fixing mechanism. A first worm gear assembly for vertical transmission is provided between the transmission shaft and the first threaded rod, and a second worm gear assembly for vertical transmission is provided between the transmission shaft and the drive shaft. The absorption mechanism is threaded onto the first threaded rod so as to move horizontally along the first threaded rod when the first motor drives the first threaded rod to rotate.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first motor starts, it drives the first threaded rod to rotate. The first threaded rod drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the first worm gear assembly. The transmission shaft drives the drive shaft to rotate through the second worm gear assembly, thereby driving the fixed mechanism to rotate. When the first threaded rod rotates, it drives the absorption mechanism to move horizontally along the first threaded rod, so as to realize the synchronous operation of the absorption mechanism and the rotating mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the worktable is provided with a retraction structure that drives the fixing mechanism to retract so that the polishing device can polish the end position of the metal shaft that is clamped. The retraction structure includes a retraction channel horizontally opened on the worktable for the retraction of the fixing mechanism, a drive plate slidably installed in the retraction channel and rotatably mounted on the drive shaft, and a retraction hydraulic cylinder installed in the retraction channel and connected to the drive plate.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to grind and polish the end of the metal shaft that is clamped, the retraction hydraulic cylinder is activated to drive the drive plate to move. When the drive plate moves, it drives the fixing mechanism and the drive shaft to retract into the retraction channel to expose the end of the metal shaft, so as to facilitate grinding and polishing by the polishing device, thereby achieving full grinding and polishing of the metal shaft.

[0016] Optionally, a limiting component is sleeved on the outside of the first worm gear assembly to drive the first worm gear assembly to retract synchronously when the fixing mechanism retracts; The limiting component includes a limiting frame sleeved on the transmission shaft and a rotating cylinder rotatably mounted on the limiting frame and installed on the first worm gear assembly. A connecting key structure is provided between the first threaded rod and the first worm gear assembly to allow the first worm gear assembly to move on the first threaded rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the retracting hydraulic cylinder drives the fixing mechanism to retract, it will drive the first worm gear assembly to retract synchronously. During the retraction, the first worm gear assembly is limited by the limiting frame and the rotating cylinder, making it more stable during the retraction. Furthermore, the connecting key structure between the first threaded rod and the first worm gear assembly allows the first worm gear assembly to move on the first threaded rod, and the first worm gear assembly can still rotate after the movement.

[0018] Optionally, the fixing mechanism is symmetrically arranged on the worktable to fix both ends of the metal shaft; the fixing mechanism includes a rotating disk mounted on the drive shaft, a third motor mounted on the rotating disk, a rotating disk connected to the third motor, a plurality of arc-shaped rods rotatably mounted on the rotating disk, a plurality of fixed rods slidably mounted on the rotating disk and rotatably connected to the arc-shaped rods, and a plurality of fixed grippers mounted on the fixed rods; The third motor drives the rotating disk to rotate, thereby causing the fixed rod to move radially along the rotating disk, so as to cause the multiple fixed grippers to move closer or further apart from each other.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the third motor starts, it drives the rotating disk to rotate. When the rotating disk rotates, it drives the arc rod to rotate. When the arc rod rotates, it drives the fixed rod to move radially along the rotating disk. When the fixed rod moves radially along the rotating disk, it drives multiple fixed grippers to move synchronously radially along the rotating disk, so as to drive the multiple fixed grippers to move closer or further away from each other, so as to clamp and release the metal shaft.

[0020] Optionally, the rotating disk is provided with a material reduction groove in the circumference to allow the rotating disk to form fan blades in the circumference; the fixed mechanism, driven by the rotating mechanism, causes the fan blades to rotate and generate wind toward the metal shaft to be polished, so as to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a material reduction groove is opened in the circumference of the rotating disk so that the rotating disk forms a fan blade in the circumference. Therefore, when the rotating disk rotates, it will drive the fan blade to rotate and generate wind towards the metal shaft to be polished, so as to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box, and at the same time cool down the polishing position.

[0022] Optionally, the worktable includes a drive box, and the retraction channel is disposed on the drive box; the drive box has a sliding groove for sliding installation of the drive shaft and an oblong hole for the drive shaft to pass through, so as to restrict the drive shaft to move only along the oblong hole and the sliding groove when it moves.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive shaft moves under the drive of the retraction structure, the movement of the drive shaft is restricted by the sliding groove and the oblong hole, so that the drive shaft can only move along the oblong hole and the sliding groove, thus avoiding the drive shaft from deviating during movement.

[0024] Optionally, the absorption mechanism further includes a movable block threaded to the first threaded rod and for mounting the second motor, a guide plate mounted on the worktable and for slidingly sleeved on the movable block, and a protective shell mounted on the movable block and covering the second motor. The guide plate is arranged parallel to the first threaded rod and is used to restrict the rotation of the moving block and guide its displacement when the first threaded rod drives the moving block to move. The protective housing is used to protect the second motor from debris during metal shaft polishing.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first threaded rod rotates, it will drive the moving block that is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod to move horizontally along the guide plate. The guide plate restricts the rotation of the moving block and guides its displacement. At the same time, when the moving block moves, it will drive the second motor and the absorption fan connected to the second motor to move together, so that the absorption fan and the polishing disc are always aligned. Furthermore, the protective shell protects the second motor during the polishing of the metal shaft to prevent debris from entering.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The metal shaft is fixed by a fixing mechanism, and then the rotating mechanism drives the metal shaft clamped by the fixing mechanism to rotate synchronously. Then, the polishing device grinds and polishes the metal shaft, making the grinding and polishing of the metal shaft more uniform. The metal debris generated during the polishing process is guided from the polishing position to the waste collection box by the suction air generated by the absorption mechanism, realizing the real-time collection of waste. The suction air can also cool the polishing position of the metal shaft. At the same time, when the debris enters the collection box with the airflow, it is first blocked by the filter screen and then filtered twice through the filter holes to ensure that the debris is completely stored in the waste collection box. 2. When it is necessary to grind and polish the end of the metal shaft that is clamped, start the retraction hydraulic cylinder to drive the drive plate to move. When the drive plate moves, it drives the fixing mechanism and the drive shaft to retract into the retraction channel to expose the end of the metal shaft, so as to facilitate grinding and polishing by the polishing device, so as to achieve full grinding and polishing of the metal shaft. 3. The rotating disk is provided with a material reduction groove in the circumference so that the rotating disk forms a fan blade in the circumference. Therefore, when the rotating disk rotates, it will drive the fan blade to rotate and generate wind towards the metal shaft to be polished, so as to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box, and at the same time cool down the polishing position. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a metal shaft polishing device; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a metal shaft polishing device; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the retraction structure and the fixing mechanism; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the limiting component and the rotating mechanism; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing device; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the absorbing structure.

[0028] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above attached figures are as follows: 1. Workbench; 11. Base; 12. Drive box; 13. Gantry frame; 14. Sliding groove; 15. Waist-shaped hole; 16. Ventilation hole; 2. Fixing mechanism; 21. Rotating disk; 22. Third motor; 23. Rotating disk; 24. Arc rod; 25. Fixing rod; 26. Fixing gripper; 27. Sliding block; 28. Sliding groove; 29. ​​Material reduction groove; 3. Rotating mechanism; 31. First threaded rod; 32. First motor; 33. Transmission shaft; 34. Drive shaft; 35. First worm gear assembly; 351. First worm segment; 352. First worm wheel; 36. Second worm gear assembly; 361. Second worm segment; 362. Second worm wheel; 37. Connecting key structure; 4. Polishing device; 41. Polishing disk; 42. Fifth motor; 43. 1. Lifting mechanism; 431. Lifting plate; 432. Second threaded rod; 433. Fourth motor; 434. Synchronization assembly; 4341. Synchronization pulley; 4342. Synchronization belt; 435. Lifting hole; 44. Displacement mechanism; 441. Third threaded rod; 442. Sliding block; 443. Sixth motor; 444. Arc block; 445. Sliding hole; 446. Slide rail; 447. Protective shell; 5. Limiting assembly; 51. Limiting frame; 52. Rotating cylinder; 6. Retraction structure; 61. Drive plate; 62. Retraction hydraulic cylinder; 63. Retraction channel; 64. Sliding bar; 65. Slide groove; 66. Support block; 7. Absorption mechanism; 71. Absorption fan; 72. Second motor; 73. Moving block; 74. Guide plate; 75. Protective shell; 8. Waste collection box; 81. Filter hole; 82. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] This invention discloses a metal shaft polishing device.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A metal shaft polishing device includes a worktable 1, a fixing mechanism 2, a rotating mechanism 3, and a polishing device 4. The worktable 1 includes a base 11, a drive box 12, and a gantry frame 13. The drive box 12 is fixedly mounted on the base 11, and the gantry frame 13 is fixedly mounted on the drive box 12. The fixing mechanism 2 is mounted on the drive box 12 and is used to fix the metal shaft to be processed. The rotating mechanism 3 is mounted on the base 11 and is used to drive the metal shaft to rotate via the fixing mechanism 2. The polishing device 4 is mounted on the gantry frame 13 and is used to grind and polish the fixed metal shaft.

[0032] The metal shaft polishing equipment also includes a waste collection box 8, an absorption mechanism 7, and a retraction structure 6. The waste collection box 8 is slidably mounted on the base 11 and is used to collect the debris generated during the grinding and polishing of the metal shaft. The absorption mechanism 7 is mounted on the base 11 and located directly below the waste collection box 8. The absorption mechanism 7 is used to draw air from the polishing position of the metal shaft to guide the debris to the waste collection box 8. The retraction structure 6 is installed inside the drive housing 12 and is used to drive the fixing mechanism 2 back so that the polishing device 4 can polish the clamped end of the metal shaft.

[0033] During operation, the metal shaft to be processed is fixed by the fixing mechanism 2, and then the rotating mechanism 3 drives the metal shaft held by the fixing mechanism 2 to rotate synchronously. Then, the polishing device 4 grinds and polishes the metal shaft, making the grinding and polishing of the metal shaft more uniform. The metal debris generated during the polishing process is guided from the polishing position to the waste collection box 8 by the absorption mechanism 7, realizing the real-time collection of waste. After the main body of the metal shaft is polished, the retraction mechanism 6 drives the fixing mechanism 2 to retract away from the polishing device 4, exposing the end of the metal shaft that was originally held by the fixing mechanism 2. Then, the position of the polishing device 4 is adjusted so that the polishing device 4 grinds and polishes the end of the metal shaft, thus enabling the metal shaft to be fully ground and polished.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The fixing mechanism 2 includes a rotating disk 21, a third motor 22, a rotating disk 23, an arc-shaped rod 24, a fixing rod 25, and a fixing gripper 26. The rotating disk 21 is rotatably mounted inside the drive box 12. The third motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the rotating disk 21, and the rotating disk 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 22. The arc-shaped rod 24 is rotatably mounted on the rotating disk 23. A sliding groove 28 is radially formed on the rotating disk 21, and a sliding block 27 is slidably mounted in the sliding groove 28. The end of the fixing rod 25 away from the rotating disk 23 is fixedly mounted on the sliding block 27, and the end of the arc-shaped rod 24 away from the rotating disk 23 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixing rod 25. The fixing gripper 26 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the fixing rod 25. A material reduction groove 29 is circumferentially formed on the rotating disk 21 to allow the rotating disk 21 to form fan blades circumferentially.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are multiple arc-shaped rods 24, fixed rods 25, and fixed grippers 26, so that when the third motor 22 drives the rotating disk 23 to rotate, multiple fixed rods 25 move radially along the rotating disk 21, thereby causing multiple fixed grippers 26 to move closer or further away from each other, clamping or releasing the metal shaft.

[0036] Reference Figure 4The rotating mechanism 3 includes a first threaded rod 31, a first motor 32, a transmission shaft 33, a drive shaft 34, a first worm gear assembly 35, and a second worm gear assembly 36. The first worm gear assembly 35 includes a first worm gear 352 and a first worm segment 351 meshing with the first worm gear 352. The second worm gear assembly 36 includes a second worm gear 362 and a second worm segment 361. The first motor 32 is fixedly installed inside the cavity of the base 11. The first threaded rod 31 is fixedly connected to the first motor 32 and rotatably installed inside the base 11. The first worm segment 351 is fixedly installed on the first threaded rod 31. The first worm gear 352 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 33. The second worm segment 361 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 33. The second worm gear 362 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 34. One end of the drive shaft 34 near the rotating disk 23 is fixedly installed on the rotating disk 21 to facilitate the first motor 32 driving the fixed mechanism 2 to rotate.

[0037] In this embodiment, two sets of fixing mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 11 to fix the two ends of the metal shaft. The first worm gear assembly 35 and the second worm gear assembly 36 are two sets symmetrically arranged on the base 11 to facilitate the synchronous rotation of the two sets of fixing mechanisms 2.

[0038] During operation, the third motor 22 drives the rotating disk 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the arc-shaped rod 24 to rotate. The arc-shaped rod 24 then drives the fixed rod 25 to move radially along the rotating disk 21 in the cooperation of the sliding block 27 and the sliding groove 28, thereby driving the fixed gripper 26 to move radially along the rotating disk 21. When the fixed rod 25 moves towards the center of the rotating disk 21, the fixed gripper 26 moves closer together, completing the clamping and fixing of the metal shaft. When the fixed rod 25 moves towards the edge of the rotating disk 21, the fixed gripper 26 separates, releasing the clamping and fixing of the metal shaft.

[0039] After the fixed gripper 26 clamps the metal shaft, the first motor 32 is started. The first motor 32 drives the first threaded rod 31 to rotate, and the first threaded rod 31 drives the drive shaft 34 to rotate through the transmission shaft 33, which in turn drives the fixing mechanism 2 to rotate, thereby driving the clamped metal shaft to rotate. At the same time, since the rotating disk 21 has a material reduction groove 29 on its circumference, the rotating disk 21 forms fan blades on its circumference. When the fixing mechanism 2 rotates, the fan blades rotate and generate airflow towards the metal shaft, so as to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box 8. At the same time, the generated airflow cools the metal shaft and prevents the metal shaft temperature from becoming too high during grinding and polishing.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5The polishing device 4 includes a polishing disc 41, a fifth motor 42, a lifting mechanism 43, and a displacement mechanism 44. The lifting mechanism 43 is used to drive the polishing disc 41 to move up or down to approach or move away from the metal shaft to be polished. The displacement mechanism 44 is used to drive the polishing disc 41 to move horizontally to perform axial polishing along the metal shaft.

[0041] The lifting mechanism 43 includes a lifting plate 431, a second threaded rod 432, a synchronization assembly 434, and a fourth motor 433. The synchronization assembly 434 includes two synchronization pulleys 4341 and a synchronization belt 4342, which drives the two synchronization pulleys 4341 to rotate synchronously.

[0042] A vertical lifting hole 435 is provided on the gantry frame 13. A lifting plate 431 is installed in the lifting hole 435, which restricts the lifting plate 431 to vertical movement only. Two second threaded rods 432 are symmetrically arranged on the lifting plate 431, and the lifting plate 431 is threadedly connected to the second threaded rods 432. Both second threaded rods 432 are rotatably installed inside the gantry frame 13. A fourth motor 433 is fixedly installed inside the gantry frame 13. The end of one of the second threaded rods 432 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 433. Two synchronous pulleys 4341 are fixedly installed on the outside of the corresponding two second threaded rods 432 to drive the two second threaded rods 432 to rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt 4342.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 The displacement mechanism 44 includes a third threaded rod 441, a sliding block 442, and a sixth motor 443. Two arc-shaped blocks 444 are fixedly mounted on the lifting plate 431. The sixth motor 443 is fixedly mounted on one of the arc-shaped blocks 444. One end of the third threaded rod 441 is connected to the output end of the sixth motor 443, and the other end of the third threaded rod 441 is rotatably mounted on the other arc-shaped block 444. The sliding block 442 is slidably mounted on the lifting plate 431 and threadedly connected to the third threaded rod 441. The lifting plate 431 has a sliding hole 445 for horizontal displacement of the sliding block 442 to restrict its rotation and guide its displacement. The fifth motor 42 is fixedly mounted on the sliding block 442, and a polishing disc 41 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fifth motor 42 to drive the polishing disc 41 to rotate. A slide rail 446 is installed on the side of the lifting plate 431 near the polishing disc 41. A protective shell 447 is slidably installed on the slide rail 446. The protective shell 447 is used to protect the fifth motor 42. When the polishing disc 41 moves, the protective shell 447 moves with it and protects the fifth motor 42, preventing polishing debris from entering the fifth motor 42.

[0044] During operation, the fourth motor 433 drives the second threaded rod 432 to rotate, which in turn drives the synchronous pulley 4341 to rotate. Through the cooperation between the synchronous pulley 4341 and the synchronous belt 4342, the two second threaded rods 432 rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the lifting plate 431, which is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod 432, to move up and down along the lifting hole 435. This drives the polishing disc 41 to move up and down and fit against the metal shaft to be processed. At this time, the fifth motor 42 drives the polishing disc 41 to rotate to grind and polish the metal shaft.

[0045] When the polishing disc 41 needs to polish different positions of the metal shaft, the sixth motor 443 is started to drive the third threaded rod 441 to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding block 442, which is threadedly connected to the third threaded rod 441, to move horizontally along the axial direction of the metal shaft, so as to drive the polishing disc 41 to polish different positions of the metal shaft.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 A connecting key structure 37 is provided between the first threaded rod 31 and the first worm segment 351. The connecting key structure 37 includes a key and a keyway. The keyway is formed on the first threaded rod 31, and the key is installed in the keyway to allow the first worm segment 351 to move on the first threaded rod 31.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 The limiting component 5 includes a limiting frame 51 and a rotating cylinder 52. The limiting frame 51 is rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft 33 and the first worm gear segment 351. The rotating cylinder 52 is fixedly installed on the first worm wheel 352 and rotatably installed inside the limiting frame 51, so that when the first worm gear segment 351 moves on the first threaded rod 31, the first worm wheel 352 moves along with it through the limiting frame 51.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The retraction structure 6 includes a retraction channel 63, a drive plate 61, and a retraction hydraulic cylinder 62. The retraction channel 63 is opened in the drive box 12 for the retraction of the fixing mechanism 2. The retraction hydraulic cylinder 62 is fixedly installed in the retraction channel 63. The drive plate 61 is fixedly connected to the output end of the retraction hydraulic cylinder 62 and slidably installed in the retraction channel 63. The drive shaft 34 is rotatably installed on the drive plate 61.

[0049] A sliding bar 64 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drive plate 61. A groove 65 is provided on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the drive box 12 to allow the sliding bar 64 to move horizontally, thereby restricting the rotation of the sliding bar 64 and guiding its displacement. A support block 66 is fixedly installed on the drive plate 61, and the drive shaft 33 is rotatably installed on the support block 66.

[0050] Both the drive housing 12 and the base 11 are provided with sliding grooves 14 for sliding installation of the drive shaft 33 and waist-shaped holes 15 for the drive shaft 33 to pass through and slide, so as to restrict the drive shaft 33 to move only along the waist-shaped holes 15 and sliding grooves 14 when the retraction structure 6 drives the drive shaft 33 to move, and avoid deviation.

[0051] During operation, when the end of the metal shaft clamped needs to be polished, the fixing mechanism 2 is first used to release the metal shaft end. Then, the retraction hydraulic cylinder 62 is activated to drive the drive plate 61 to move in the sliding channel. The drive plate 61 drives the drive shaft 34 to move, so that the fixing mechanism 2 moves back into the retraction channel 63. Then, the polishing device 4 moves the polishing disc 41 to the end that needs to be polished for polishing. Since the fixing mechanism 2 needs to rotate during polishing, it drives the rotating disc 21 to rotate. Since the rotating disc 21 has a material reduction groove 29 on its circumference, the rotating disc 21 forms a fan blade on its circumference. When the fixing mechanism 2 rotates, the fan blades rotate and generate air towards the metal shaft. The air is guided through the retraction channel 63 to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box 8 and to cool the polished metal shaft.

[0052] When the retraction structure 6 drives the drive plate 61 to move, it will drive the second worm wheel 362, the second worm segment 361 and the transmission shaft 33 to move, so that the transmission shaft 33 moves horizontally along the waist-shaped hole 15 and the sliding groove 14. At the same time, when the transmission shaft 33 moves, under the action of the limiting frame 51 and the rotating cylinder 52, it drives the first worm wheel 352 and the first worm segment 351 to move along the connecting key structure 37. At the same time, the connecting key structure 37 enables the first worm segment 351 to move on the first threaded rod 31, while ensuring that the first worm segment 351 can still rotate synchronously with the first threaded rod 31 after moving.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6The absorption mechanism 7 is threaded onto the first threaded rod 31 to move horizontally along the first threaded rod 31 when the first motor 32 drives the first threaded rod 31 to rotate. The absorption mechanism 7 includes an absorption fan 71, a second motor 72, a moving block 73, a guide plate 74, and a protective shell 75. The moving block 73 is threaded to the outside of the first threaded rod 31. The second motor 72 is fixedly mounted on the moving block 73. The absorption fan 71 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 72 to drive the absorption fan 71 to rotate. The protective shell 75 is sleeved on the outside of the second motor 72 to protect the second motor 72 from debris during metal shaft polishing. The guide plate 74 is fixedly mounted on the base 11 and is arranged parallel to the first threaded rod 31. The moving block 73 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide plate 74 to restrict the rotation of the moving block 73 and guide its displacement when the first threaded rod 31 drives the moving block 73 to move, so as to drive the absorption fan 71 to move and always face the polishing disc 41.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 Both sides of the waste collection box 8 are fixedly installed with T-shaped sliding strips. The drive box 12 is provided with T-shaped grooves for horizontal displacement of the T-shaped sliding strips. The bottom of the waste collection box 8 is provided with filter holes 81 and the inside of the waste collection box 8 is lined with filter mesh 82. At the same time, the filter mesh 82 is located on the inner bottom wall of the waste collection box 8 to prevent debris from passing through the filter holes 81. Meanwhile, the base 11 is provided with ventilation holes 16, which are located directly below the filter holes 81. When the absorption fan 71 rotates, the absorption air is generated and the debris is absorbed through the ventilation holes 16 and the filter holes 81, and the temperature generated during the grinding and polishing of the metal shaft is cooled down.

[0055] During operation, the second motor 72 is started to drive the absorption fan 71 to rotate, which in turn drives the absorption fan 71 to generate a suction airflow. This allows the debris generated from grinding and polishing the metal shaft to be absorbed into the waste collection box 8. The suction airflow is also blown towards the grinding and polishing position of the polishing disc 41 and the metal shaft to achieve cooling.

[0056] When the first motor 32 drives the first threaded rod 31 to rotate, it drives the movable block 73, which is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod 31, to translate along the guide plate 74. The guide plate 74 limits the movable block 73 from rotating, restricting its movement to only horizontal. This ensures that the absorption fan 71 and the polishing disc 41 are always aligned, guaranteeing precise airflow and cooling. The protective shell 75 is fitted over the second motor 72, forming a closed protective space to prevent debris from entering the motor and thus preventing damage to the second motor 72.

[0057] The T-shaped sliding strips on both sides of the waste collection box 8 form a sliding fit with the T-shaped groove on the drive box 12, so that the waste collection box 8 can be pulled out in the horizontal direction to collect and clean the debris inside the waste collection box 8. At the same time, the debris is double-filtered by the filter screen 82 laid on the inner bottom wall of the waste collection box 8 and the filter hole 81 at the bottom. After the debris enters the collection box with the airflow, it is first blocked by the filter screen 82 and then filtered a second time by the filter hole 81, so as to ensure that the debris is completely stored in the waste collection box 8.

[0058] When the filter screen 82 needs to be replaced after a long period of use, simply remove the filter screen 82 from the waste collection box 8 and then lay the new filter screen 82 on the inner bottom wall of the waste collection box 8. The filter screen 82 is made of polyester fiber, which is easy to clean and can be reused.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal shaft polishing device, comprising a worktable (1), a fixing mechanism (2) disposed on the worktable (1) for fixing a metal shaft, a rotating mechanism (3) for rotating the fixing mechanism (2), and a polishing device (4) for grinding and polishing the metal shaft, characterized in that, It also includes a waste collection box (8) that is slidably mounted on the worktable (1) for collecting the debris generated from grinding and polishing the metal shaft, and an absorption mechanism (7) for suctioning the polishing position of the metal shaft to guide the debris to the waste collection box (8). The waste collection box (8) is located below the fixing mechanism (2); the bottom of the waste collection box (8) is provided with a filter hole (81) and a filter screen (82) is detachably installed inside the waste collection box (8) to prevent debris from passing through the filter hole (81). The absorption mechanism (7) includes an absorption fan (71) disposed below the waste collection box (8) and a second motor (72) that drives the absorption fan (71) to rotate to draw air through the filter hole (81).

2. The metal shaft polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing device (4) includes a polishing disc (41), a fifth motor (42) that drives the polishing disc (41) to rotate, a lifting mechanism (43) installed on the worktable (1) and used to drive the polishing disc (41) to move up and down to approach or move away from the metal shaft to be polished, and a displacement mechanism (44) used to drive the polishing disc (41) to move horizontally to perform axial polishing along the metal shaft. The lifting mechanism (43) includes a lifting plate (431) vertically slidingly mounted on the workbench (1), second threaded rods (432) symmetrically arranged on the lifting plate (431) and used to drive the lifting plate (431) to lift and lower, a synchronization component (434) for driving the two second threaded rods (432) to rotate synchronously, and a fourth motor (433) mounted on the workbench (1) and used to drive one of the second threaded rods (432) to rotate.

3. The metal shaft polishing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The displacement mechanism (44) includes a third threaded rod (441) rotatably mounted on the lifting plate (431), a sliding block (442) threaded on the third threaded rod (441) and used for mounting the polishing disc (41), and a sixth motor (443) for driving the third threaded rod (441) to rotate. The lifting plate (431) has a sliding hole (445) for the horizontal displacement of the sliding block (442) to restrict the rotation of the sliding block (442) and guide the displacement. The absorption fan (71) is horizontally slidably mounted on the worktable (1) and is always directly opposite the polishing disc (41).

4. The metal shaft polishing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (3) includes a first threaded rod (31) that is horizontally mounted on the workbench (1) and located below the waste collection box (8), a first motor (32) that drives the first threaded rod (31) to rotate, a transmission shaft (33) that is driven to rotate by the first threaded rod (31) and arranged vertically, and a drive shaft (34) that is driven to rotate by the transmission shaft (33) and installed by the fixing mechanism (2). A first worm gear assembly (35) for vertical transmission is provided between the transmission shaft (33) and the first threaded rod (31), and a second worm gear assembly (36) for vertical transmission is provided between the transmission shaft (33) and the drive shaft (34). The absorption mechanism (7) is threaded onto the first threaded rod (31) so as to move horizontally along the first threaded rod (31) when the first motor (32) drives the first threaded rod (31) to rotate.

5. A metal shaft polishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The worktable (1) is provided with a retraction structure (6) that drives the fixing mechanism (2) to retract so that the polishing device (4) can polish the end position of the metal shaft that is clamped. The retraction structure (6) includes a retraction channel (63) horizontally opened on the worktable (1) for the retraction of the fixing mechanism (2), a drive plate (61) slidably installed in the retraction channel (63) and rotatably installed on the drive shaft (34), and a retraction hydraulic cylinder (62) installed in the retraction channel (63) and connected to the drive plate (61).

6. The metal shaft polishing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A limiting component (5) is sleeved on the outside of the first worm gear assembly (35) to drive the first worm gear assembly (35) to retract synchronously when the fixing mechanism (2) retracts; The limiting component (5) includes a limiting frame (51) sleeved on the transmission shaft (33) and a rotating cylinder (52) rotatably mounted on the limiting frame (51) and installed on the first worm gear assembly (35). A connecting key structure (37) is provided between the first threaded rod (31) and the first worm gear assembly (35) to allow the first worm gear assembly (35) to move on the first threaded rod (31).

7. A metal shaft polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (2) is symmetrically arranged on the workbench (1) to fix the two ends of the metal shaft; the fixing mechanism (2) includes a rotating disk (21) installed on the drive shaft (34), a third motor (22) installed on the rotating disk (21), a rotating disk (23) connected to the third motor (22), a plurality of arc-shaped rods (24) rotatably installed on the rotating disk (23), a plurality of fixed rods (25) slidably installed on the rotating disk (21) and rotatably connected to the arc-shaped rods (24), and a plurality of fixed jaws (26) installed on the fixed rods (25); The third motor (22) drives the rotating disk (23) to rotate, thereby causing the fixed rod (25) to move radially along the rotating disk (21), thereby causing the multiple fixed grippers (26) to move closer to or further away from each other.

8. A metal shaft polishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating disk (21) is provided with a material reduction groove (29) in the circumference so that the rotating disk (21) can form fan blades in the circumference; the fixed mechanism (2) is driven by the rotating mechanism (3) to rotate the fan blades and generate wind toward the metal shaft to be polished, so as to blow the debris generated during the polishing of the metal shaft into the waste collection box (8).

9. A metal shaft polishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The workbench (1) includes a drive box (12), and the retraction channel (63) is disposed on the drive box (12). The drive box (12) has a sliding groove (14) for sliding installation of the drive shaft (33) and an oblong hole (15) for the drive shaft (33) to pass through, so as to restrict the drive shaft (33) to move only along the oblong hole (15) and the sliding groove (14) when it moves.

10. A metal shaft polishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The absorption mechanism (7) further includes a movable block (73) threaded to the first threaded rod (31) and for mounting the second motor (72), a guide plate (74) mounted on the workbench (1) and for sliding sleeved on the movable block (73), and a protective shell (75) mounted on the movable block (73) and covering the second motor (72). The guide plate (74) is arranged parallel to the first threaded rod (31) and is used to restrict the rotation of the moving block (73) and guide its displacement when the first threaded rod (31) drives the moving block (73) to move. The protective shell (75) is used to protect the second motor (72) from debris during metal shaft polishing.

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