An abrasive delivery device for air polishing of the interior wall of a deep hole with a large length-to-diameter ratio

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of abrasive delivery devices for large length-diameter ratio deep hole inner wall air polishing, it is related to deep hole machining and surface finishing processing technical field, to solve the problems of long material pipe support instability, insufficient constraint, low feeding precision when existing device adapts large size large length-diameter ratio deep hole.The device includes frame, conveying mechanism, conveying wheel group, guide mechanism and material pipe assembly;Frame provides rigid installation reference, conveying mechanism realizes the stable axial feeding of material pipe by double guide rail guidance and gear rack feeding, conveying wheel group realizes long-distance multi-point continuous support, guide mechanism limits radial movement, and material pipe assembly is fixed by subsection and position sensing feedback to ensure conveying accuracy.This device only bears the support, guidance, positioning and feeding function of abrasive delivery, adapts to 6-10 meters long, 100-150 millimeter inner hole diameter large length-diameter ratio deep hole working condition, with stable conveying, accurate constraint, controllable feeding characteristics, fills the gap of industry special solution, effectively improves the consistency and reliability of deep hole polishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep hole machining and surface finishing technology, specifically to an abrasive conveying device for air grinding and polishing of the inner wall of deep holes with a large aspect ratio. It is specifically designed for air grinding and polishing abrasive conveying operations of large deep hole components with a length of 6 to 10 meters and an inner diameter of 100 to 150 millimeters. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of heavy equipment manufacturing, large hydraulic components, energy transmission equipment, and heavy machinery structural parts, large-size, high-aspect-ratio deep-hole components with lengths of 6-10 meters and inner diameters of 100-150 mm are widely used. Typical examples include large hydraulic cylinders, long shaft inner bores in heavy machinery, and large conveying pipelines. The surface quality of the inner wall of these components directly determines their pressure-bearing capacity, fluid transmission efficiency, assembly adaptability, and overall service life. Therefore, their inner walls need to be finished using an air grinding and polishing process.

[0003] The core of air abrasive polishing is to mix abrasive with compressed air to form a gas-solid two-phase flow. This mixture is then fed into a deep hole through a conveyor pipe, where the impact and friction of the abrasive achieve a smooth inner surface. However, for large-sized deep holes (6-10 meters long, 100-150 mm in diameter), there is currently no dedicated abrasive conveying device in the industry. Adapting general-purpose conveying equipment presents unresolved technical challenges. 1. Lack of support for long feed tubes leads to unstable conveying: The feed tube for conveying abrasive needs to extend into a hole 6 to 10 meters deep as the processing progresses. Existing general-purpose devices do not have a targeted long-distance support structure. Due to its own weight, the feed tube is prone to sagging in the middle and swaying at the end, which directly causes the abrasive conveying path to deviate. The gas-solid two-phase flow is unevenly distributed in the deep hole, which seriously affects the consistency of the polishing effect.

[0004] 2. Insufficient constraint of the feed tube leads to structural failure: During long-distance conveying, the compressed air drives the abrasive to flow at high speed in the feed tube, which will generate continuous vibration. The general device lacks a segmented rigid fixing structure, and the feed tube is prone to shaking, axial displacement or even local bending. This not only increases the resistance of abrasive conveying, but may also cause failures such as feed tube damage and abrasive blockage.

[0005] 3. The feeding mechanism is not suitable for long-distance precision conveying: The feeding mechanism of general conveying devices is mostly a simple sliding structure with a single guide rail. The feeding accuracy is low and the operation stability is poor. When driving the material tube to complete a long-distance feeding of 6 to 10 meters, problems such as crawling and radial movement are likely to occur, making it impossible to achieve stable control of the material tube feeding speed and precise positioning.

[0006] 4. Lack of industry-specific solutions: In existing technologies, abrasive conveying equipment for small-sized, short-length deep holes cannot be adapted to the processing conditions of large components, while long-distance conveying devices in the field of heavy equipment manufacturing do not have specific adaptability for abrasive conveying. As a result, abrasive conveying for air grinding and polishing of large-sized, high aspect ratio deep holes has become a bottleneck in the industry.

[0007] Therefore, developing a dedicated abrasive conveying device that can achieve stable support, precise constraint, and smooth feeding of long material tubes is the key to solving the problem of air grinding and polishing of large-size, high-length-to-diameter-ratio deep holes. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Addressing the lack of suitable abrasive delivery devices for air grinding and polishing of large-size, high-aspect-ratio deep holes in existing technologies, as well as the core problems of general-purpose devices such as unstable support of long feed tubes, insufficient constraint, and low feed accuracy, this invention aims to provide an abrasive delivery device for air grinding and polishing of the inner walls of large-aspect-ratio deep holes, achieving stable support, precise constraint, and smooth feed of long feed tubes. This device achieves stable long-distance support, precise radial constraint, and smooth axial feed of the abrasive delivery tube through the coordinated design of an integrated rigid frame, a dual-power feed delivery mechanism, multi-point continuous support wheel sets, a radial guide constraint mechanism, and segmented feed tube fixing components. This invention only undertakes the functions of conveying, guiding, supporting, and positioning the abrasive and compressed air mixture; the abrasive supply, compressed air supply, and grinding jet power are all provided by an external independent system, perfectly adapting to the air grinding and polishing conditions of large-size deep holes with lengths of 6-10 meters and inner diameters of 100-150 mm.

[0009] Part One: Frame The frame consists of a square steel base, guide rail one, rack and pinion, and guide rail two.

[0010] Guide rail one, rack and guide rail two are all fixedly installed on the upper surface of the square steel base and arranged in parallel to each other, providing a rigid installation reference and linear motion guide for the whole machine, improving the straightness of the feed motion and the overall structural stability.

[0011] Part Two: Conveying Mechanism The conveying mechanism includes a feeding wheel, pressure wheel one, pressure wheel seat, large pulley, rotary motor, small pulley, motor seat, forward motor, guide rail seat one, gear, guide rail seat two, pressure wheel two, pallet, spindle box, drive end cover one, drive bearing one, main shaft, drive bearing two, and drive end cover two.

[0012] Among them, guide rail seat one and guide rail seat two are fixedly installed at the bottom of the tray and slide with the guide rail on the frame to form a double guide rail structure, which improves the stability of movement and reduces swaying and tilting.

[0013] The forward motor is mounted on the support plate, and a gear is installed at the output end to mesh with the rack, converting the rotary motion into linear feed motion to achieve stable and precise axial feed.

[0014] The rotary motor is mounted on the support plate via a motor mount, and a small pulley is installed at the output end; the pressure roller seat is installed on the side of the main shaft box, and pressure roller two and pressure roller one are respectively installed on the pressure roller seat to form a stable installation and clamping structure.

[0015] Drive end cover one is installed on the upper end of the spindle box. The spindle is supported in the spindle box by drive bearing one and drive bearing two, which improves the spindle rotation accuracy and rigidity. Drive end cover one and drive end cover two are installed on the spindle box to restrict the axial movement of the spindle and prevent the bearings from loosening or displacing.

[0016] The feeding wheel is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and the large pulley is installed at the rear end of the main shaft; the rotary motor drives the belt transmission system to drive the main shaft and the feeding wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the auxiliary conveying, pressing and positioning of the material tube, ensuring that the conveying process does not slip or deviate.

[0017] Part Three: Conveyor Wheel Set This device is equipped with four sets of conveyor wheels, which are evenly distributed along the length of the workpiece to achieve long-distance, multi-point, and continuous support.

[0018] Each set of conveyor wheelsets consists of three wheel bases, one long plate, and six conveyor wheel units.

[0019] The wheel set seats are fixedly installed on the frame, and the long plate is fixed above the three sets of wheel set seats. The six conveyor wheel units are evenly arranged on the long plate to form multi-point, uniform, and flexible support for the deep hole machining parts, effectively suppressing the long workpiece from sagging, swaying, and jumping due to its own weight, and ensuring the stability of the workpiece axis and good straightness during the feeding process.

[0020] Part Four: Guiding Mechanism The guiding mechanism consists of a guiding motor, a guiding motor base, a coupling, a first guide end cover, a first guide bearing, a positioning wheel unit, a second guide bearing, a second guide end cover, and a positioning shaft.

[0021] The guide motor base is fixed to the frame, and the guide motor is installed on the guide motor base. It drives the positioning shaft to rotate through the coupling, and the power transmission is smooth and shock-free.

[0022] Guide bearing 1 and guide bearing 2 together support the positioning shaft, improving rotational accuracy; guide end cap 1 and guide end cap 2 respectively position and seal the bearings axially, preventing impurities from entering and extending service life.

[0023] The positioning wheel unit is fixed to the guide motor base and cooperates with the positioning shaft and matching wheel body to form radial constraints on the workpiece and the material tube, restricting radial movement and improving polishing uniformity.

[0024] Part 5: Material Tube Assembly The feed tube assembly consists of a feed interface assembly, a pressure plate, a feed tube support base, a feed tube, and a position sensor.

[0025] The material pipe support is fixedly installed on the frame, and the pressure plate reliably fixes the material pipe on the material pipe support to prevent the material pipe from shaking, shifting, or bending during long-distance transportation, thus ensuring the stability of the abrasive conveying path.

[0026] The feed interface assembly is used to connect to an external abrasive supply system, introducing the abrasive and compressed air mixture into the feed pipe; the abrasive is transported to the inside of the workpiece through the feed pipe, and the position sensor monitors the position of the feed pipe in real time and provides feedback to adjust the feed speed of the forward motor, so as to accurately control the polishing time and the amount of abrasive delivered.

[0027] This device only provides functions of fixing, supporting, guiding, positioning, and following up on the material tube, without providing jetting power. It has a simple structure and reliable positioning.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. High stability for long-distance conveying: The dual guide rail combined with gear and rack feeding, along with four sets of multi-point conveying wheel sets, effectively suppresses the sagging and swaying of long material tubes, ensuring the stability of the material tube axis during long-distance conveying; 2. Precise material tube constraint and guidance: The material tube is supported in sections and fixed by pressure plates. Combined with radial guidance and positioning wheel constraint structure, it avoids shaking, displacement and bending, and ensures the stability of the abrasive conveying path; 3. High feed accuracy and controllability: The dual-power drive system achieves precise and stable axial feed, and the position sensor provides real-time feedback and adjustment, meeting the stringent requirements for feed speed and position accuracy in large-size deep hole machining; 4. Specialized Solution: Specifically designed for air grinding and polishing of large-size, high aspect ratio deep holes, filling a market gap and providing the industry with a reliable supporting conveying system; 5. High overall rigidity and adaptability: It can stably adapt to large-size deep hole working conditions with lengths of 6~10 meters and inner diameters of 100~150 mm, solving the technical bottleneck of existing devices that cannot meet the requirements of high-precision, long-distance, and high-stability abrasive conveying. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the abrasive conveying device. Figure 2 This is the front view of the abrasive conveying device. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor mechanism. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor mechanism. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor wheel assembly structure. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide mechanism structure. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material tube assembly structure. The corresponding reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 0100 Frame, 0101 Square Steel Base, 0102 Guide Rail 1, 0103 Rack and Pinion, 0104 Guide Rail 2; 0200 Conveying mechanism, 0201 Feeding roller, 0202 Pressure roller one, 0203 Pressure roller seat, 0204 Large pulley, 0205 Rotary motor, 0206 Small pulley, 0207 Motor seat, 0208 Forward motor, 0209 Guide rail seat one, 0210 Gear, 0211 Guide rail seat two, 0212 Pressure roller two, 0213 Pallet, 0214 Spindle box, 0215 Drive end cover one, 0216 Drive bearing one, 0217 Spindle, 0218 Drive bearing two, 0219 Drive end cover two; 0300 Conveyor wheel assembly, 0301 Wheel assembly seat, 0302 Long plate, 0303 Conveyor wheel unit; 0400 Guide mechanism, 0401 Guide motor, 0402 Guide motor seat, 0403 Coupling, 0406 Guide end cover one, 0407 Guide bearing one, 0408 Positioning wheel unit, 0409 Guide bearing two, 0410 Guide end cover two, 0411 Positioning shaft; 0500 Material tube assembly, 0501 Feed interface assembly, 0502 Pressure plate, 0503 Material tube support base, 0504 Material tube, 0505 Position sensor; 0600 deep hole machining parts. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In this paper, an abrasive conveying device for air grinding and polishing of the inner wall of a deep hole with a large length-to-diameter ratio is composed of five parts: frame 0100, conveying mechanism 0200, conveying wheel set 0300, guiding mechanism 0400, and material tube assembly 0500. exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The first part is the frame 0100, which consists of a square steel base 0101, guide rail 1 0102, rack 0103, and guide rail 2 0104. Guide rail 1 0102, rack 0103, and guide rail 2 0104 are all fixedly installed on the upper surface of the square steel base 0101 and are arranged parallel to each other.

[0032] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The second part is the conveying mechanism 0200, which includes a feeding roller 0201, a pressure roller 1 0202, a pressure roller seat 0203, a large pulley 0204, a rotary motor 0205, a small pulley 0206, a motor seat 0207, a forward motor 0208, a guide rail seat 1 0209, a gear 0210, a guide rail seat 2 0211, a pressure roller 2 0212, a pallet 0213, a spindle box 0214, a drive end cover 1 0215, a drive bearing 1 0216, a main shaft 0217, a drive bearing 2 0218, and a drive end cover 2 0219. Guide rail seat 1 0209 and guide rail seat 2 0211 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the pallet 0213 and slide in cooperation with the guide rails on the frame 0100 to form a double guide rail structure. The forward motor 0208 is installed on the pallet 0213. On the top, a gear 0210 is installed at the output end, meshing with a rack 0103 to convert rotary motion into linear feed motion; a rotary motor 0205 is mounted on a support plate 0213 via a motor mount 0207, and a small pulley 0206 is installed at the output end; a pressure roller seat 0203 is installed on the side of the spindle box 0214, and pressure roller 2 0212 and pressure roller 1 0202 are respectively installed on the pressure roller seat 0203, forming a stable mounting and clamping structure; a drive end cover 1 0215 is installed on the upper end of the spindle box 0214, and the spindle 0217 is supported inside the spindle box 0214 via drive bearing 1 0216 and drive bearing 2 0218, improving the rotational accuracy and rigidity of the spindle 0217; drive end cover 1 0215 and drive end cover 2 0219 are installed on the spindle box 0214 to restrict the spindle 0217. Axial movement prevents bearing loosening or displacement; the feed roller 0201 is installed at the front end of the main shaft 0217, and the large pulley 0204 is installed at the rear end of the main shaft 0217; the rotary motor 0205 drives the belt drive system, which drives the main shaft 0217 and the feed roller 0201 to rotate, thereby realizing the auxiliary conveying, pressing and positioning of the material tube 0504.

[0033] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6The third part is the conveyor wheel set 0300. This device is equipped with four sets of conveyor wheel sets 0300, which are evenly distributed along the length of the workpiece to achieve long-distance, multi-point, and continuous support. Each set of conveyor wheel sets 0300 includes three wheel set seats 0301, one long plate 0302, and six conveyor wheel units 0303. Among them, the wheel set seats 0301 are fixedly installed on the frame 0100, the long plate 0302 is fixed above the three sets of wheel set seats 0301, and the six conveyor wheel units 0303 are evenly arranged on the long plate 0302 to form multi-point, uniform, and flexible support for the deep hole workpiece 0600.

[0034] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 The fourth part is the guide mechanism 0400, which consists of a guide motor 0401, a guide motor seat 0402, a coupling 0403, a guide end cover 0406, a guide bearing 0407, a positioning wheel unit 0408, a guide bearing 0409, a guide end cover 0410, and a positioning shaft 0411. The guide motor seat 0402 is fixed to the frame 0100, and the guide motor 0401 is mounted on the guide motor seat 0402. It drives the positioning shaft 0411 to rotate via the coupling 0403, ensuring smooth and shock-free power transmission. Guide bearings 0407 and 0409 jointly support the positioning shaft 0411, improving rotational accuracy. Guide end covers 0406 and 0410 respectively provide axial positioning and sealing for the bearings, preventing impurities from entering and extending their service life. The positioning wheel unit 0408... Fixed to the guide motor seat 0402, it cooperates with the positioning shaft 0411 and the matching wheel to form a radial constraint on the workpiece and the material tube 0504.

[0035] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 The fifth part is the feed tube assembly 0500, which consists of a feed interface assembly 0501, a pressure plate 0502, a feed tube support 0503, a feed tube 0504, and a position sensor 0505. The feed tube support 0503 is fixedly installed on the frame 0100, and the pressure plate 0502 reliably fixes the feed tube 0504 to the feed tube support 0503. The feed interface assembly 0501 is used to connect to an external abrasive supply system, introducing a mixture of abrasive and compressed air into the feed tube 0504. The abrasive is conveyed through the feed tube 0504 to the inside of the workpiece. The position sensor 0505 monitors the position of the feed tube 0504 in real time and provides feedback to adjust the feed speed of the forward motor 0208, precisely controlling the polishing time and the amount of abrasive delivered.

[0036] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2 The working process of this device is as follows: First, the deep hole workpiece (0600) is fixed, and the external abrasive supply system and compressed air system are connected through the feed interface assembly (0501) of the feed tube assembly (0500); the forward motor (0208) of the conveying mechanism (0200) is started, and the pallet (0213) is driven to move along the guide rail through the meshing of the gear (0210) and rack (0103), so as to realize the axial feeding of the feed tube (0504); at the same time, the rotary motor (0205) is started, and the feed tube is fed through the belt. The drive feed wheel (0201) rotates, and with the pressing action of pressure roller one (0202) and pressure roller two (0212), the material tube (0504) is driven to be conveyed smoothly. During the conveying process, the conveying wheel group (0300) provides multi-point support for the material tube (0504), the guide mechanism (0400) restricts radial movement, the position sensor (0505) provides real-time feedback on the position of the material tube, and adjusts the feed speed of the forward motor (0208) to ensure the stability of the abrasive conveying path until the grinding and polishing operation of the inner wall of the deep hole is completed.

Claims

1. An abrasive conveying device for air grinding and polishing of the inner wall of deep holes with a large aspect ratio, characterized in that, It includes a frame (0100), a conveying mechanism (0200), a conveying wheel assembly (0300), a guiding mechanism (0400), and a material tube assembly (0500); The frame (0100) is provided with parallel double guide rails and racks (0103); The conveying mechanism (0200) slides with the frame (0100) through double guide rails. The conveying mechanism (0200) achieves axial feeding through gear (0210) meshing with rack (0103). The conveying mechanism (0200) achieves conveying drive of the material tube (0504) through feeding wheel (0201) in cooperation with pressure wheel structure. The conveyor wheel assembly (0300) is provided in multiple sets, distributed along the length of the material tube (0504) on the frame (0100), forming multi-point support for the material tube (0504); The guiding mechanism (0400) is installed on the frame (0100) and forms a radial constraint on the material tube (0504); The feed tube assembly (0500) fixes the feed tube (0504) to the frame (0100) and adjusts the feed speed through the position sensor (0505); The device is adapted to deep hole components with a length of 6 to 10 meters and an inner diameter of 100 to 150 millimeters, and only realizes the functions of supporting, guiding and feeding the material tube (0504).

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