Photovoltaic cable jacket shredding and recycling device

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device and belongs to the technical field of waste plastic recycling. A baffle is vertically fixed in a box body, and the baffle divides the internal space of the box body into a plastic remolding shearing area and a granular solid-liquid recycling area. Cooling liquid is injected into the plastic remolding shearing area. A feeding port is formed above the plastic remolding shearing area on the top wall of the box body, and a driving motor is fixedly installed on the feeding port. A rotating rod is vertically and rotationally connected to the plastic remolding shearing area. The high-frequency shearing pair composed of the axial staggered fixed knives and cutting knives breaks the floating dead zone and the same direction eddy current movement of the high-toughness plastic in the liquid surface layer by mechanically pressing the large block material with strong buoyancy through the circumferential guide inclined surface at the bottom of the floating plate. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the material is wrapped around the blade and the discharge port is blocked due to the transition from the shear temperature rise to the viscous flow state is inhibited through the fluid lubrication and specific heat capacity heat absorption of the saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or the high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution, thereby prolonging the physical life of the cutting tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste plastic recycling technology, and more specifically, to a device for crushing and recycling the sheath layer of photovoltaic cables. Background Technology

[0002] With the explosive growth of the photovoltaic power generation industry, the early photovoltaic power stations are gradually entering the replacement period, generating a large number of waste photovoltaic cables. Photovoltaic cables are exposed to extreme outdoor environments for a long time, and their structure is significantly different from that of ordinary household cables. The main differences are: the outer sheath is usually made of irradiated cross-linked polyolefin (XLPE) or low smoke halogen-free (LSZH) materials, which have extremely high wear resistance, UV resistance and mechanical toughness.

[0003] Currently, existing equipment for recycling photovoltaic cable sheaths suffers from serious technical defects in actual production. On the one hand, due to the extremely high toughness of the outer sheath material, traditional equipment generates intense frictional heat during forced shearing. Affected by the poor thermal conductivity of the cross-linked materials, local temperature rises easily cause the plastic matrix to transform into a viscous flow state and encapsulate the blade, leading to blockage of the discharge hole and drive overload jamming. On the other hand, LSZH (low smoke halogen-free) materials contain a large amount of inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, resulting in a physical density of the plastic matrix that is typically as high as 1.45 g / cm³ to 1.50 g / cm³, far exceeding that of ordinary plastics. In the subsequent solid-liquid separation process, the traditional pure water medium (density of 1.0 g / cm³) cannot make the plastic particles float, causing the high-density plastic particles to sink to the bottom along with the residual copper metal shavings. It is extremely difficult to achieve precise gravity separation of plastic and metal components, resulting in low purity of the recycled product and serious medium loss, which cannot meet the requirements of industrial high-value continuous recycling.

[0004] To address this, a device for crushing and recycling the sheath layer of photovoltaic cables is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device, which can improve the crushing effect and working efficiency of the sheath.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device includes a housing; A vertically fixed partition is installed inside the box, which divides the internal space of the box into a plastic remolding and shearing zone and a particulate solid-liquid recovery zone. The plastic remolding and shearing zone is filled with an inorganic salt heavy medium coolant with a physical density greater than that of the sheath plastic and less than that of the cable metal core. A feed inlet is provided on the top wall of the box above the plastic reshaping and shearing area, and a drive motor is fixedly installed on the top wall of the box. A rotating rod is vertically connected to the plastic remolding shearing zone. The top of the rotating rod extends out of the housing and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. Several sets of cutting blades are evenly fixed on the side wall of the rotating rod along its axial direction. The partition has several discharge ports that connect the plastic reshaping and shearing zone and the particle solid-liquid recovery zone. The aperture of the discharge ports is adapted to the plastic particles of a set particle size, so as to discharge the plastic particles after they have been sorted through the several discharge ports. A sieve plate is installed at an angle on the side wall of the partition plate in the particle solid-liquid recovery zone, and the upper end of the sieve plate is located below the discharge port. A transfer box with an open top is fixedly installed in the particulate solid-liquid recovery zone and directly below the sieve plate. A submersible pump is installed on the bottom of the transfer container; A one-way drain valve is fixedly embedded on the side wall of the partition, and the output end of the one-way drain valve is connected to the plastic remolding and shearing zone; It also includes a conduit, one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the submersible pump, and the other end is fixedly connected to the input end of the one-way drain valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the physical density of the inorganic salt heavy medium coolant is maintained between 1.55 g / cm³ and 1.65 g / cm³; and the inorganic salt heavy medium coolant is a saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or a high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution. An online density meter is fixedly installed inside the transfer box, and a liquid replenishment pipe and a water replenishment pipe connected to the inside are located on the top of the transfer box.

[0009] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating rod in the vertical direction, and a float plate is vertically slidably installed in the groove; The feed inlet is located on the top wall of the box, and the projection of the feed inlet on the horizontal plane is located between the radial outer end of the float and the inner side wall of the box, so as to form a horizontal clearance for the material to fall.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the float plate is provided with a guide slope, which is inclined downward along the direction of the float plate's rotation and sweeping.

[0011] Furthermore, several sets of fixed blades are symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner wall of the plastic remolding shearing zone. The fixed blades and the cutting blades on the rotating rod are staggered along the axial direction, and the projections of the fixed blades and the cutting blades on the horizontal plane overlap.

[0012] Furthermore, a bracket is fixed on the side wall of the partition, and a rotating shaft is fixed on the bracket. The screen plate is rotated and sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and an elastic element is connected between the screen plate and the partition. A flexible diaphragm made of rubber is fixed on the side wall of the partition and above the screen plate, and the free end of the flexible diaphragm extends to the surface of the screen plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone is provided with a material collection ramp that slopes to one side; A screw conveyor is horizontally fixed through the outer wall of the box. The screw conveyor consists of a cylindrical shell, an auger and a stepper motor. One end of the shell extends into the box and is located at the lowest point of the collecting slope, and the opening at this end forms a collection port. The auger is coaxially rotatably installed inside the housing, and the stepper motor is fixedly installed on the axial end wall of the housing located outside the box, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the auger. The bottom surface of the part of the shell located outside the box has a vertically downward discharge port.

[0014] Furthermore, a flow guide cavity is provided on the shell, the flow guide cavity is located above the auger, and the longitudinal section of the flow guide cavity is an arc shape with the opening facing downwards; A water inlet pipe is inserted into the top wall of the flow guiding cavity, and several downward-blowing spray holes are opened on the bottom wall of the flow guiding cavity. The bottom wall of the shell has several through-holes evenly arranged in a matrix. The diameter of the drain holes is between 0.2mm and 0.5mm. An upward-opening collection box is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the shell. The collection box is used to collect the fluid discharged from the drain holes.

[0015] Furthermore, a funnel-shaped guide sleeve is fixedly installed inside the box. The guide sleeve has a conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the guide sleeve is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod. The one-way drain valve is located above the guide sleeve. There is a gap between the bottom end of the guide sleeve and the inner bottom wall of the tank. The outer wall of the guide sleeve, together with the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the tank, form a sedimentation isolation zone.

[0016] Furthermore, the conduit is connected to a branch pipe, which is a metal corrugated pipe fixedly installed on the side wall of the partition. The end of the branch pipe is fixed with a fan-shaped nozzle with the output end pointing downwards. The output end of the fan-shaped nozzle points to the upper surface of the sieve plate and there is a gap between them. The fan-shaped nozzle is used to spray a fan-shaped high-pressure saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or a high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution onto the upper surface of the sieve plate, so as to wash the area by relative displacement when the sieve plate shakes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The large pieces of plastic material suspended are guided to the bottom by the guide slope of the floating plate and crushed by the staggered fixed blades and cutting blades. In this process, saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution is used as coolant to reduce the working temperature of the shearing and crushing zone, thereby reducing the situation where the plastic softens and adheres to the blade and discharge port due to heat, and extending the service life of the blade.

[0018] (2) In this scheme, a saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or a high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution with a physical density maintained between 1.55 g / cm³ and 1.65 g / cm³ is used as the liquid phase heavy medium, so that the high-density flame-retardant LSZH plastic can overcome the limitation of traditional pure water separation and sedimentation, and achieve gravity stratification and overflow with the heavy component metal tin-plated copper section; at the same time, the conical guide sleeve set at the bottom of the plastic reshaping shear zone constructs a sedimentation isolation zone, which uses the wall to block the liquid phase turbulence caused by the upper shear to disturb the fluid at the bottom, suppress the secondary suspension and entrainment of the settled metal debris, and ensure the separation purity of the components.

[0019] (3) This device integrates a flow guide cavity and a micro-pore drainage hole in the casing of the screw conveyor. During the conveying process, it directly completes the in-situ cleaning of salt adhering to the surface of plastic particles and the interception of dilute brine. The collected dilute brine can be used for evaporation, concentration and regeneration, reducing media loss. Furthermore, by changing the spatial displacement and angle between the elastic shaking screen plate and the fixed fan-shaped nozzle, the emitted scattering flow generates continuous scaling and sweeping rinsing on the screen surface, breaking the surface tension liquid film of the high viscosity medium, eliminating the blind zone of cleaning and clogging, and realizing the closed-loop circulation of the fluid medium. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the partition, flexible diaphragm, and sieve plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the combined shell and collection box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the branch pipe and the fan-shaped nozzle of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the floating plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the float plate of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Box body; 101. Plastic remolding and shearing zone; 102. Granule solid-liquid recovery zone; 103. Feed inlet; 104. Drive motor; 2. Partition plate; 201. Discharge port; 3. Rotating rod; 301. Slide groove; 4. Cutting blade; 5. Screen plate; 6. Transfer box; 7. Submersible pump; 8. One-way drain valve; 9. Conduit; 10. Online density meter; 11. Liquid replenishment pipe; 12. Water replenishment pipe; 13. Float plate; 14. 15. Fixed blade; 16. Support; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Elastic component; 19. Flexible diaphragm; 10. Screw conveyor; 11. Shell; 12. Screw auger; 13. Stepper motor; 14. Discharge port; 20. Guide cavity; 21. Water inlet pipe; 22. Spray hole; 23. Drain hole; 24. Collection box; 25. Guide sleeve; 26. Branch pipe; 27. Fan-shaped nozzle; 28. Discharge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 9 A photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device, comprising a housing 1; A partition 2 is vertically fixed inside the housing 1, which divides the internal space of the housing 1 into a plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 and a particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102. The plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 is filled with an inorganic salt heavy medium coolant with a physical density greater than that of the sheath plastic and less than that of the cable metal core. A feed inlet 103 is provided on the top wall of the box 1 above the plastic reshaping and shearing area 101, and a drive motor 104 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the box 1. A rotating rod 3 is vertically rotatably connected in the plastic reshaping shearing zone 101. The top of the rotating rod 3 extends out of the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 104. Several sets of cutting blades 4 are uniformly fixed on the side wall of the rotating rod 3 along its axial direction. The partition 2 has several discharge ports 201 that connect the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 and the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102. The aperture of the discharge ports 201 is adapted to the plastic particles of a set size, so as to discharge the plastic particles after they have been sorted by the discharge ports 201. During the flow of the mixture with the fluid, the discharge ports 201 physically intercept the uncrushed material with a particle size larger than the aperture size, so that it remains in the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 to continue shearing. The qualified plastic particles with a particle size smaller than or equal to the aperture size pass through the discharge ports 201 and are discharged into the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102. Among them, the plastic reshaping shearing zone 101 is a cylindrical cavity and the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102 is a rectangular cavity; A sieve plate 5 is installed obliquely on the side wall of the partition plate 2 on one side of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102, and the upper end of the sieve plate 5 is located below the discharge port 201. A transfer box 6 with an open top is fixedly installed in the particulate solid-liquid recovery zone 102 and directly below the sieve plate 5; The bottom of the transfer box 6 is equipped with a submersible pump 7. Considering the strong corrosiveness of high-concentration calcium bromide or zinc chloride aqueous solution, the inner wall of the transfer box 6 is coated with a corrosion-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene anti-corrosion layer. The outer shell and flow parts of the submersible pump 7 are made of special corrosion-resistant alloy (such as titanium alloy or Hastelloy). The motor shaft end of the submersible pump 7 is equipped with a double-end mechanical seal to prevent crystallization damage to the equipment caused by high-concentration salt solution crystallization. A one-way drain valve 8 is fixedly embedded on the side wall of the partition 2, and the output end of the one-way drain valve 8 is connected to the plastic remolding shearing zone 101. It also includes a conduit 9, one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the submersible pump 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the input end of the one-way drain valve 8.

[0025] The physical density of the inorganic salt heavy medium coolant is maintained between 1.55 g / cm³ and 1.65 g / cm³; and the inorganic salt heavy medium coolant is a saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or a high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution. An online density meter 10 is fixedly installed inside the transfer box 6. A liquid replenishment pipe 11 and a water replenishment pipe 12, which are connected to the top of the transfer box 6, are provided. The online density meter 10, the liquid replenishment pipe 11, and the water replenishment pipe 12 are all electrically connected to an external PLC controller. The PLC controller has a preset target density range of 1.55 g / cm³ to 1.65 g / cm³. When the online density meter 10 detects a value lower than 1.55 g / cm³, the PLC controller outputs a signal to drive the solenoid valve on the liquid replenishment pipe 11 to replenish high-concentration medium. When the detected value is higher than 1.65 g / cm³, the solenoid valve on the water replenishment pipe 12 is driven to open to replenish clean water until the density returns to the preset range, thus realizing dynamic closed-loop regulation.

[0026] Before starting the device, a prepared saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or a high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution is injected into the tank 1 as a liquid-phase heavy medium coolant. By adjusting the solute mass fraction, the physical density of the coolant is maintained between 1.55 g / cm³ and 1.65 g / cm³. The amount of liquid-phase heavy medium coolant added is adjusted so that its static liquid level is higher than the height of the cutting blade 4 and level with the lower edge of the discharge port 201. At this time, part of the coolant flows through the discharge port 201 into the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102, enters the transfer tank 6, and submerges the submersible pump 7.

[0027] Then, the drive motor 104 and submersible pump 7 are started. The drive motor 104 drives the rotating rod 3 and several sets of cutting blades 4 in the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 to rotate at high speed through the output shaft; the submersible pump 7 continuously pumps the coolant in the transfer box 6 into the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 through the conduit 9 and the one-way drain valve 8, so that the liquid in the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 will generate convection. Subsequently, the waste photovoltaic cable sheath layer with the main copper core stripped at the front end is continuously fed into the plastic remolding and shearing zone 101 through the feed port 103.

[0028] After the waste sheath layer enters the plastic remolding shearing zone 101, it is immersed in a liquid heavy medium. The high-speed rotating cutting blade 4 performs high-frequency shearing and crushing on the plastic sheath. During the shearing and crushing process, the specific heat capacity of the saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution absorbs the local heat generated by the friction between the blade and the material, allowing the sheath material to maintain its physical rigidity and inhibiting its transformation to a viscous flow state. This reduces the phenomenon of plastic melting and encapsulating the blade and clogging the discharge hole. At the same time, the continuously flowing heavy medium solution lubricates and cools the contact interface between the blade and the material, reducing the probability of the blade chipping, dulling, or developing micro-cracks under high-speed impact.

[0029] While the high-speed rotating cutting blade 4 shreds the material, it is immersed in a heavy medium fluid with a density of 1.55 g / cm³ to 1.65 g / cm³. This high-density fluid, under high-speed rotation, generates liquid-phase turbulence and eddies within the plastic reshaping shearing zone 101. The turbulence and eddies wash over and impact the surface of the shredded plastic particles, causing trace amounts of fine copper shavings, copper hairs, or tin residues that were originally adhering to the sheath layer to peel off from the plastic matrix. This achieves the desorption and purification of trace metal impurities remaining in the flame-retardant plastic matrix. The physically refined plastic particles float to the surface within the plastic reshaping shearing zone due to buoyancy, enabling the overflow recovery of high-purity polyolefin plastic particles, while the desorbed trace metals settle to the bottom for isolation.

[0030] As the submersible pump 7 continuously pumps liquid into the plastic remolding shearing zone 101, the dynamic liquid level in the plastic remolding shearing zone 101 rises and exceeds the lower edge of the discharge port 201. The plastic particles suspended on the liquid surface overflow along with the heavy medium solution through the discharge port 201 and flow into the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102.

[0031] The overflowing mixed fluid containing plastic particles falls onto the upper part of the inclined sieve plate 5. Under the propulsion of gravity, the liquid in the fluid passes through the filter holes of the sieve plate 5 and drips vertically into the transfer box 6 directly below; the solid plastic particles rely on their own gravity to slide down the slope and eventually fall into the solid collection area at the bottom of the particle solid-liquid recovery area 102, thus achieving solid-liquid separation.

[0032] The heavy medium solution flowing into the transfer tank 6 is filtered by the sieve plate 5 and collected within the transfer tank 6. It is then pumped back into the plastic remolding shearing zone 101 by the submersible pump 7 on the bottom surface through the conduit 9 and the one-way drain valve 8, realizing a closed-loop circulation of the heavy medium coolant. The circulation process dynamically maintains the discharge liquid level inside the plastic remolding shearing zone 101 and reduces the loss of the medium solution due to discharge.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, a vertical groove 301 is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating rod 3, and a float plate 13 is vertically slidably installed in the groove 301. In order to ensure buoyancy, a sealed cavity is provided inside the float plate 13, so that its overall equivalent physical density is strictly less than 1.50 g / cm³, so as to ensure that it always floats reliably on the surface layer of the inorganic salt heavy medium coolant. The feed inlet 103 is located on the top wall of the box 1, and the projection of the feed inlet 103 on the horizontal plane is located between the radial outer end of the float 13 and the inner side wall of the box 1, so as to form a horizontal clearance gap for the material to fall.

[0034] The material is continuously fed into the plastic reshaping and shearing zone 101 through the feed port 103. Under the action of gravity, it passes vertically through the horizontal clearance gap, is submerged below the surface of the saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution, and enters the shearing zone of the cutting blade 4 below.

[0035] During this process, since the falling path of the material is located radially outside the rotation trajectory of the float 13, when the rotating rod 3 drives the float 13 to rotate at high speed, the float 13 and the falling material are misaligned in the radial space.

[0036] This avoids the rotating float 13 from laterally intercepting or jamming the falling material, ensuring that solid raw materials are continuously and smoothly fed by gravity.

[0037] To further improve the crushing efficiency of large-volume materials, the bottom wall of the float plate 13 is provided with a guide slope. The guide slope is inclined downward along the rotation sweeping direction of the float plate 13 to guide the suspended large pieces of material to move downward to the shearing path of the cutting blade 4.

[0038] When the drive motor 104 drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate the float 13 at high speed in the liquid layer, the guide slope of the float 13 will frequently come into contact with large pieces of waste photovoltaic cable sheath material suspended on the surface of the saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution.

[0039] Because the guide ramp has a specific geometric angle that tilts downward along the direction of rotation, when it laterally impacts the material, the lateral mechanical energy swept by the float 13 is partially converted into a vertically downward axial thrust, thereby generating a hydrodynamic effect similar to "propeller blade pressure" on the contact surface.

[0040] The downward pressure can instantly overcome the huge upward buoyancy of large plastic particles in heavy media, forcibly compressing unbroken materials with a volume larger than the set size to produce axial displacement downward and immerse them in the solution, so that they enter the shearing and sweeping area of ​​the high-speed rotating cutting blade 4 below.

[0041] This prevents the high-toughness, large-volume plastic sheath from being suspended in the dead zone in the center of the liquid surface for a long time due to excessive buoyancy, and improves the material crushing and biting rate during the rotation of the cutting blade 4.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, several sets of fixed blades 14 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the plastic reshaping shearing zone 101. The fixed blades 14 and the cutting blades 4 on the rotating rod 3 are staggered along the axial direction, and the projections of the fixed blades 14 and the cutting blades 4 on the horizontal plane overlap.

[0043] When the drive motor 104 drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate the cutting blade 4 at high speed, the rotation trajectory of the cutting blade 4 and the stationary fixed blade 14 form a high-frequency closed shearing pair. Thus, through the high-frequency closed overlap of the cutting blade 4 and the fixed blade 14 on the horizontal projection, the waste photovoltaic cable shear layer in the liquid heavy medium is mechanically sheared, blocking the high toughness material from moving around the fluid in the same direction, thereby improving the crushing efficiency and separation effect of the material.

[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, a bracket 15 is fixed on the side wall of the partition 2, and a rotating shaft 16 is fixed on the bracket 15. The sieve plate 5 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 16, and an elastic element 17 is connected between the sieve plate 5 and the partition 2. When the mixture falls onto the inclined screen plate 5, the screen plate 5 vibrates continuously under the impact of the material and the restoring force of the elastic element 17, thereby guiding the solid particles to slide quickly down the inclined surface and preventing material accumulation and blockage. In addition, a flexible rubber diaphragm 18 is fixed on the side wall of the partition plate 2 and above the screen plate 5. The free end of the flexible diaphragm 18 extends to the surface of the screen plate 5, thereby sealing the assembly gap between the screen plate 5 and the partition plate 2, preventing solid particles from getting stuck in the gap, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the screen plate 5 vibration mechanism.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102 is provided with a collection ramp that is inclined to one side to guide the solid plastic particles after solid-liquid separation to converge towards the lower end under the action of gravity. A screw conveyor 19 is horizontally fixed through the outer wall of the box 1. The screw conveyor 19 consists of a cylindrical shell 1901, an auger 1902 and a stepper motor 1903. One end of the shell 1901 extends into the box 1 and is located at the lowest point of the material collection slope. The opening at this end forms a collection port, allowing the sliding plastic particles to enter the shell 1901. The auger 1902 is coaxially rotatably installed inside the housing 1901, and the stepper motor 1903 is fixedly installed on the axial end wall of the housing 1901 located outside the box 1, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the auger 1902. The bottom surface of the part of the housing 1901 located outside the box 1 has a vertically downward discharge port 1904.

[0046] During operation, the external control terminal synchronously starts the stepper motor 1903, which drives the auger 1902 to rotate inside the housing 1901.

[0047] Plastic granules that slide continuously down the collecting slope and accumulate at the feed end of the shell 1901 are transferred horizontally to the outside of the box 1 along the axial direction under the mechanical thrust of the blades of the auger 1902, and finally move to the discharge port 1904, where they are continuously discharged under the action of gravity.

[0048] By using a stepper motor 1903, the rotation speed of the auger 1902 can be precisely adjusted according to the feeding speed of the front plastic reshaping shearing zone 101, so as to achieve quantitative and uniform continuous automatic discharge, and avoid the accumulation and agglomeration of light component plastic particles at the bottom of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone 102.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a flow guide cavity 20 is provided on the housing 1901. The flow guide cavity 20 is located above the auger 1902, and the longitudinal section of the flow guide cavity 20 is an arc shape with the opening facing downward. A water inlet pipe 21 is inserted into the top wall of the guide cavity 20 to introduce external high-pressure clean water, and several downward blowing spray holes 22 are opened on the bottom wall of the guide cavity 20. The bottom wall of the housing 1901 has several through-holes 23 evenly arranged in a matrix. The diameter of the drain holes 23 is between 0.2mm and 0.5mm. An upward-opening collection box 24 is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the housing 1901. The collection box 24 is used to collect the fluid discharged from the drain holes 23. A drain valve is embedded in the side wall of the collection box 24 for periodically discharging the recovered liquid. Since the plastic particles crushed by the cutting blade 4 and the fixed blade 14 are generally larger than 0.5mm, and the viscosity of the saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution attached to its surface decreases significantly after being diluted by high-pressure clean water, this specific range of pore size can physically filter and intercept fine plastic burrs and particles while allowing the washing wastewater to quickly permeate and be discharged, thus avoiding material loss.

[0050] When the stepper motor 1903 drives the auger 1902 to horizontally convey plastic granules with a high concentration of attached salt, high-pressure clean water is injected into the guide chamber 20 through the water inlet pipe 21 and continuously sprayed in a curtain shape onto the material surface below through the spray holes 22. Under the tumbling and pushing action of the auger 1902 blades, the material undergoes turbulent friction with the high-pressure clean water, thereby completely stripping and diluting the residual solutes on its surface. The washed, diluted brine quickly falls through the microporous drain holes 23 at the bottom and is collected by the collection tank 24 below.

[0051] This enables dynamic cleaning of materials, and the clean plastic discharged can be directly and seamlessly introduced into the next processing step.

[0052] Furthermore, the dilute brine filtered and separated by the drain hole 23 is discharged into the front-end medium preparation and regeneration tank for evaporation and concentration, so that the inorganic salt medium can be recycled and reused. This achieves high-purity plastic reuse while reducing the chemical consumption cost of the system operation.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, a funnel-shaped guide sleeve 25 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1. The guide sleeve 25 has a conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the guide sleeve 25 is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod 3. One-way drain valve 8 is located above guide sleeve 25. There is a gap between the bottom end of guide sleeve 25 and the inner bottom wall of tank 1. The outer wall of guide sleeve 25, the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of tank 1 together form a sedimentation isolation zone. A discharge valve 28 is provided on the side wall of tank 1 below the sedimentation isolation zone for periodically discharging metal scraps. The inner conical surface of the guide sleeve 25 is used to guide the sheared mixture to converge towards the center and slide down. The separated heavy metal debris settles to the central bottom surface of the box 1 through the central discharge port at the bottom of the guide sleeve 25. The conical wall of the guide sleeve 25 blocks the liquid phase turbulence caused by the upper shearing from disturbing the fluid in the sedimentation isolation zone around the outer wall of the guide sleeve 25, thereby suppressing the secondary suspension and entrainment of the settled metal debris in the dead water zone.

[0054] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 As shown, a branch pipe 26 is connected to the conduit 9. The branch pipe 26 is a metal corrugated pipe fixedly installed on the side wall of the partition plate 2. The metal corrugated pipe is embedded in the partition plate 2, and its two ends are located outside the partition plate 2. After bending the metal corrugated pipe so that its top end points to the upper surface of the sieve plate 5, the metal corrugated pipe will remain bent. A fan-shaped nozzle 27 with the output end pointing downward is fixed at the end of the branch pipe 26. The output end of the fan-shaped nozzle 27 points to the upper surface of the sieve plate 5 and there is a gap between the two. The fan-shaped nozzle 27 is used to spray a fan-shaped high-pressure inorganic salt heavy medium coolant onto the upper surface of the sieve plate 5, so as to use the high-pressure liquid flow to flush the dehydrated plastic particles downward along the inclined direction of the sieve plate 5, and at the same time, the washing area is drifted by relative displacement when the sieve plate 5 shakes. Branch pipe 26 sprays high-pressure saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution onto the upper surface of sieve plate 5, forming a fan-shaped jet through fan-shaped nozzle 27. When sieve plate 5 is dynamically shaken by the impact of material and the action of elastic element 17, the relative distance between sieve plate 5 and fixed fan-shaped nozzle 27, as well as the angle between the jet axis and the sieve surface, change continuously.

[0055] The cross-sectional area of ​​the fan-shaped jet gradually changes with the spray distance. The dynamic displacement of the sieve plate 5 causes the high-pressure fluid to continuously scale and periodically drift in the cross-sectional projection area on the upper surface of the sieve plate 5. Therefore, the dynamic displacement of the sieve surface is used to achieve sweeping flushing, eliminating the flushing blind zone, ensuring that high-viscosity saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution or high-concentration zinc chloride aqueous solution can pass smoothly through the sieve holes, and preventing fine particles from blocking the sieve holes.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device, comprising a housing (1); Its features are: A partition (2) is vertically fixed inside the box (1), which divides the internal space of the box (1) into a plastic remolding shearing zone (101) and a particle solid-liquid recovery zone (102); the plastic remolding shearing zone (101) is filled with a saturated calcium bromide aqueous solution as an inorganic salt heavy medium coolant; The top wall of the box (1) is provided with a feed port (103) above the plastic reshaping and shearing zone (101). A rotating rod (3) is vertically rotatably connected in the plastic reshaping shearing zone (101). A drive motor (104) for driving the rotating rod (3) to rotate is provided on the box (1). Several sets of cutting blades (4) are uniformly fixed on the side wall of the rotating rod (3) along its axial direction. The partition (2) is provided with a plurality of discharge ports (201) that connect the plastic reshaping shearing zone (101) and the particle solid-liquid recovery zone (102). The aperture of the discharge ports (201) is adapted to the plastic particles of a set particle size. The partition (2) is inclinedly installed with a sieve plate (5) on the side wall of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone (102), and the upper end of the sieve plate (5) is located below the discharge port (201). A transfer box (6) with a top opening is fixedly installed in the particulate solid-liquid recovery zone (102) and directly below the sieve plate (5). The transfer box (6) is equipped with a submersible pump (7). A one-way drain valve (8) is fixedly embedded on the side wall of the partition (2), and the output end of the one-way drain valve (8) is connected to the plastic reshaping shearing zone (101). It also includes a conduit (9), one end of which is fixedly connected to the output end of the submersible pump (7), and the other end is fixedly connected to the input end of the one-way drain valve (8).

2. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An online density meter (10) is fixedly installed inside the transfer box (6), and a liquid replenishment pipe (11) and a water replenishment pipe (12) connected to the inside of the transfer box (6) are provided above the transfer box (6).

3. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (301) is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating rod (3) in the vertical direction, and a float plate (13) is vertically slidably installed in the groove (301). The feed inlet (103) is located on the top wall of the box (1), and the projection of the feed inlet (103) on the horizontal plane is located between the radial outer end of the float (13) and the inner side wall of the box (1) to form a horizontal clearance for the material to fall.

4. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the float (13) is provided with a guide slope, which is inclined downward along the rotation sweeping direction of the float (13).

5. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several sets of fixed blades (14) are symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the plastic reshaping shearing zone (101). The fixed blades (14) and the cutting blades (4) on the rotating rod (3) are staggered along the axial direction, and the projections of the fixed blades (14) and the cutting blades (4) on the horizontal plane have an overlapping area.

6. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (15) is fixed on the side wall of the partition (2), and a rotating shaft (16) is fixed on the bracket (15). The sieve plate (5) is rotatably sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft (16), and an elastic element (17) is connected between the sieve plate (5) and the partition (2). A flexible diaphragm (18) made of rubber is fixed on the side wall of the partition (2) and above the sieve plate (5). The free end of the flexible diaphragm (18) extends to the surface of the sieve plate (5).

7. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the particle solid-liquid recovery zone (102) is provided with a material collection slope that is inclined to one side; A screw conveyor (19) is horizontally fixed through the outer wall of the box (1). The screw conveyor (19) consists of a cylindrical shell (1901), an auger (1902) and a stepper motor (1903). One end of the shell (1901) extends into the box (1) and is located at the lowest point of the collecting slope, and the opening at this end forms a collection port. The auger (1902) is coaxially rotatably installed inside the housing (1901), and the stepper motor (1903) is fixedly installed on the axial end wall of the housing (1901) located outside the box (1), and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the auger (1902). The bottom surface of the part of the shell (1901) located outside the box (1) has a vertically downward discharge port (1904).

8. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (1901) has a flow guide cavity (20) located above the auger (1902), and the longitudinal section of the flow guide cavity (20) is an arc shape with the opening facing downwards; A water inlet pipe (21) is inserted into the top wall of the flow guide cavity (20), and a number of downward blowing spray holes (22) are opened on the bottom wall of the flow guide cavity (20). The bottom wall of the housing (1901) has a number of through drainage holes (23) evenly arranged in a matrix. The diameter of the drainage holes (23) is between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm. A collection box (24) with an upward opening is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the housing (1901). The collection box (24) is used to collect the fluid discharged from the drainage holes (23).

9. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (1) is fixedly installed with a funnel-shaped guide sleeve (25). The guide sleeve (25) has a tapered structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the guide sleeve (25) is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod (3). The one-way drain valve (8) is located above the guide sleeve (25). There is a gap between the bottom end of the guide sleeve (25) and the inner bottom wall of the box (1). The outer wall of the guide sleeve (25) together with the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the box (1) form a sedimentation isolation zone.

10. The photovoltaic cable sheath layer crushing and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conduit (9) is connected to a branch pipe (26), which is a metal corrugated pipe fixedly installed on the side wall of the partition (2). The end of the branch pipe (26) is fixed with a fan-shaped nozzle (27) with the output end pointing downward. The output end of the fan-shaped nozzle (27) points to the upper surface of the sieve plate (5) and there is a gap between them. The fan-shaped nozzle (27) is used to spray a fan-shaped high-pressure inorganic salt heavy medium coolant onto the upper surface of the sieve plate (5) so as to use the high-pressure liquid flow to flush the dehydrated plastic particles downward along the inclined direction of the sieve plate (5).

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