Oil cake waste pressing apparatus

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical pressing, and aims to provide an oil cake waste pressing equipment to solve the problem of uncontrolled discharging of powder and block materials in secondary pressing. The equipment comprises an oil press body and a feed hopper on the oil press body; a sieve plate for screening and separating block materials and powder materials is arranged in the feed hopper, and a large impeller for controlling the discharging speed is arranged; the sieve plate is located above the large impeller; a material collecting groove for collecting powder materials is arranged between the sieve plate and the large impeller; the bottom of the material collecting groove is communicated with a material cavity of the large impeller; a small impeller for separately controlling the discharging speed of powder materials is arranged at the bottom of the material collecting groove; the large impeller is turned to the bottom of the sieve plate to collect block materials after collecting powder materials discharged by the small impeller, so as to control the discharging sequence and proportion of powder materials and block materials; the large impeller and the small impeller are driven to rotate by the oil press body; when the large impeller rotates, the blades repeatedly push the sieve plate, so that the sieve plate vibrates and knocks the material collecting groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical pressing technology, and in particular relates to a pressing device for oilseed cake waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for resource utilization efficiency and product quality in the grain and oil processing industry, the recovery of residual oil from oilseed cakes is receiving more and more attention from production enterprises. Currently, most oilseed cakes undergo secondary pressing using general-purpose screw presses. Before secondary pressing, the entire oilseed cake is usually pre-crushed. However, the crushed material often contains a large amount of powdery residue. When fine powder enters the pressing chamber along with the lumpy material, it easily fills and blocks the oil discharge gaps of the pressing cage, hindering the smooth extraction of oil from the material. This forms oil-containing closed clumps inside the material, reducing the actual oil extraction efficiency and increasing the processing cost of subsequent oil residue separation. At the same time, if fine powder falls into the pressing chamber during the feeding process, it will instantly increase the operating load of the screw press, causing a sudden increase in equipment current and overload shutdown. Long-term operation will also aggravate the wear and tear of core components such as the screw press and pressing bars, increasing equipment maintenance costs and the risk of production stoppage.

[0003] If the pre-crushing process is omitted and the entire oil cake is directly fed into the hopper, the lumps of oil cake are prone to getting stuck and bridging each other during the feeding process, forming a stable material arch structure. This can cause feed interruptions or inconsistent feed rates. The unevenness of the feed will be directly transmitted to the inside of the pressing chamber, resulting in large periodic fluctuations in the pressing pressure. This will not only cause significant fluctuations in the residual oil content of the oil cake, making it impossible to guarantee a stable pressing effect, but will also cause impact vibrations in the equipment, accelerating fatigue damage to mechanical parts and affecting the overall service life of the equipment.

[0004] In existing technologies, most improvement solutions for oil cake pressing focus on optimizing the feeding flow or adding arch-breaking devices to the silo to improve the feeding condition. There are few pressing equipment designs that are adapted to the overall characteristics of the mixture of block and powder materials. These solutions cannot resolve the contradiction between powder blockage caused by pre-crushing and silo arching and pressure fluctuations caused by non-crushing, making it difficult to meet the needs of continuous, stable, efficient and large-scale production of oil cake secondary pressing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oilseed cake waste pressing device to solve the problem of uncontrolled feeding of powder and lumps in secondary pressing.

[0006] The technical solution includes an oil press body and a feed hopper on the oil press body; The feed hopper is equipped with a sieve plate for screening and diverting lumps and powders, and a large impeller for controlling the discharge speed. The sieve plate is located above the large impeller. A collection trough for receiving powders is provided between the sieve plate and the large impeller. The bottom of the collection trough is connected to the material chamber of the large impeller. A small impeller is provided at the bottom of the collection trough to control the discharge speed of the powders. After receiving the powders discharged by the small impeller, the large impeller turns to the bottom of the sieve plate to receive lumps, thereby controlling the discharge order and ratio of powders and lumps. Both the large impeller and the small impeller are driven to rotate by the oil press body. When the large impeller rotates, the blades repeatedly move the screen plate, causing the screen plate to vibrate and strike the collection trough.

[0007] In the above or some embodiments, the top of the sieve plate is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper, and a gap is left between the bottom and the inner wall of the feed hopper. The upper part of the collecting trough is completely covered by the sieve plate. This ensures that the sieve plate can separate powder and lumps, and the turning setting of the large impeller allows the powder to fall into the large impeller chamber first. When the lumps enter the large impeller chamber, they are pressed on top of the powder. This ensures that when the large impeller discharges material to the oil press body, the lumps fall before the powder. After the powder falls, it can be dispersed along the gaps between the lumps to avoid powder clumping.

[0008] In the above or some embodiments, the bottom of the sieve plate is a flat plate without sieve holes, and the sieve portion with sieve holes on the sieve plate is located entirely above the collection trough; so that the powder can fall into the collection trough after passing through the sieve plate, and the powder is prevented from falling into the material chamber of the large impeller without passing through the collection trough.

[0009] In the above or some embodiments, the width of the large impeller is greater than the width of the collecting trough and the screen plate; firstly, so that the bottom of the screen plate can extend between two adjacent blades of the large impeller without being obstructed by the side walls of the large impeller; secondly, so as to avoid the block material getting stuck when entering the material cavity of the large impeller, making the material discharge smoother.

[0010] In the above or some embodiments, a baffle is provided above the screen plate, and the baffle and the screen plate are arranged in an alternating "V" shape. The baffle can direct the material to the part of the screen plate with screen holes; and prevent the material from falling directly into the large impeller from the gap between the bottom of the screen plate and the feed hopper after entering the feed hopper.

[0011] In the above or some embodiments, a push rod for support is provided below the baffle, and the two ends of the push rod are respectively fixed to the baffle and the inner wall of the feed hopper; thereby improving the strength of the baffle when subjected to material impact.

[0012] In the above or some embodiments, an adjustment module is provided between the large impeller and the small impeller. The adjustment module can change the rotational speed ratio of the small impeller relative to the large impeller, thereby controlling the ratio of powder and block material at the bottom of the feed hopper.

[0013] In the above or some embodiments, a through groove is provided on the side wall of the feed hopper between the screen plate and the collecting trough, and a detachable partition is provided on the outside of the through groove. After the partition is opened, it can remove the excessive powder accumulated in the collecting trough, thus avoiding excessive powder accumulation between the collecting trough and the screen plate and causing congestion.

[0014] This technical solution has the following technical effects: 1. This equipment relies on the combined structure of the screen plate and the collection trough to separate powder and lumps. The powder passes through the screen plate and falls into the collection trough, where the feeding speed is controlled by the small impeller. The lumps slide down with the screen plate. Combined with the steering setting of the large impeller at the bottom, the equipment can control the feeding speed of powder and lumps separately. This avoids a large amount of powder entering the pressing chamber at the same time as the lumps and clogging the oil discharge gap of the pressing cage. It also reduces the formation of oil-containing closed clumps, thereby improving the actual oil extraction efficiency and reducing the processing cost of subsequent oil residue separation.

[0015] 2. This equipment achieves controllable material feeding sequence through a dual-impeller structure consisting of a large impeller and a small impeller: the small impeller at the bottom of the collecting trough can independently control the powder discharge speed, first discharging a fixed amount of powder into the corresponding material chamber of the large impeller; as the large impeller rotates, the material chamber receiving the powder moves to the bottom of the screen plate and then receives the lumps, causing the lumps to cover the powder, forming a layered filling state of "powder at the bottom, lumps on top". When the large impeller rotates to the discharge position to discharge into the pressing chamber, the lumps fall to the bottom first, followed by the powder, which naturally seeps into the gaps between the lumps and disperses, completely avoiding powder clumping; this feeding logic not only prevents the instantaneous concentration of powder entering the chamber, which could cause a sudden increase in the screw load and current overload shutdown, but also ensures the uniformity of material entering the chamber, avoids large periodic fluctuations in pressing pressure, stabilizes the residual oil rate of the oil cake, and ensures the consistency of the finished product quality after continuous pressing.

[0016] 3. This equipment utilizes a linkage structure between the large impeller, screen plate, and collection trough to achieve powerless self-cleaning. During the rotation of the large impeller, the blades repeatedly agitate the bottom of the screen plate, causing the screen plate to vibrate continuously and simultaneously strike the collection trough. On the one hand, this prevents the screen holes from being blocked by powder, and also eliminates material arching and jamming between the screen plate and the baffle, preventing feed interruption and uneven discharge. On the other hand, striking the collection trough prevents powder from adhering to the small impeller blades, reducing the risk of powder accumulation and blockage. The entire linkage structure can maintain smooth material discharge for a long time, reduce equipment downtime due to jamming, and reduce the wear rate of core components such as the screw press and pressing bars, extending the overall service life of the equipment and ensuring the stability of large-scale continuous production.

[0017] 4. This equipment allows for adjustable ratios of powder and lumps via a control module. Changing the pulleys of different diameters alters the speed ratio between the small and large impellers, precisely adjusting the powder and lumps discharged from the bottom of the feed hopper. It is suitable for oilseed cake waste with varying oil content and particle size, and the ratio of lumps to powder can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials. This ensures both pressing effect and smooth feeding, meeting the secondary pressing needs of different production scenarios and raw material conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission of the oil press body, large impeller, and small impeller of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the feed hopper, baffle and sieve plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure shown.

[0022] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a part drawing of the material collection tank of the present invention.

[0024] Legend: 1. Oil press body; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Screen plate; 4. Large impeller; 5. Collection trough; 6. Small impeller; 7. Baffle; 8. Push rod; 9. Adjustment module; 10. Partition plate; 11. Arc plate; 12. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] Example 1: An oilseed cake waste pressing device.

[0028] An oil cake waste pressing device is used for re-pressing oil cake after pre-crushing, and the front end can be connected to the discharge conveying device of the pre-crushing equipment. The device includes an oil press body 1 and a feed hopper 2 on the oil press body 1. The feed hopper 2 is fixed to the feed inlet of the oil press body 1 by bolts. The feed hopper 2 is equipped with a screen plate 3 for screening and diverting lumpy and powdery materials. The top of the screen plate 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper 2, and the bottom of the screen plate 3 is inclined downward. There is also a large impeller 4 for controlling the material discharge speed. The large impeller 4 and the feed hopper 2 form a star-shaped feeder. The sieve plate 3 is located above the large impeller 4. There is a gap between the bottom of the sieve plate 3 and the inner wall of the feed hopper 2. When the sieve plate 3 is not subjected to external force, the bottom of the sieve plate 3 extends into the blades of the large impeller 4. A material collection trough 5 for receiving powder is provided between the sieve plate 3 and the large impeller 4. The bottom of the material collection trough 5 is connected to the material cavity of the large impeller 4. A small impeller 6 for individually controlling the powder discharge speed is provided at the bottom of the material collection trough 5. The bottom of the sieve plate 3 is a flat plate without sieve holes. The flat plate part is at the same height as the collection trough 5. The sieve part with sieve holes on the sieve plate 3 is completely above the collection trough 5. This allows the powder to fall into the collection trough 5 after passing through the sieve plate 3, preventing the powder from falling into the material chamber of the large impeller 4 without passing through the collection trough 5. The material collection trough 5 is composed of three parts: upper, middle and lower. The upper part of the material collection trough 5 is a funnel-shaped structure. The middle shell of the material collection trough 5 and the small impeller 6 form a star-shaped feeder. The bottom of the material collection trough 5 is an arc plate 11, and the arc plate 11 is coaxial with the outer wall of the large impeller 4. The material collection trough 5 is fixed to the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2 by bolts. After receiving the powder discharged from the small impeller 6, the large impeller 4 turns to the bottom of the screen plate 3 to receive the lumps. The turning of the large impeller 4 controls the order of powder and lumps falling, and the ratio of powder to lumps is controlled by the rotational speed ratio of the large impeller 4 to the small impeller 6. The turning of the large impeller 4 ensures that the powder falls into the material chamber of the large impeller 4 first, and the lumps are pressed on top of the powder when they enter the material chamber of the large impeller 4. This ensures that when the large impeller 4 discharges material to the oil press body 1, the lumps fall before the powder, and the powder can be dispersed along the gaps between the lumps after falling, thus avoiding powder clumping. A through groove is provided on the side wall of the feed hopper 2 between the sieve plate 3 and the collecting trough 5. A detachable partition 10 is provided on the outside of the through groove by bolts. The partition 10 is made of transparent acrylic material, which makes it easy to observe the powder accumulation above the collecting trough 5. After the partition 10 is opened, the excess powder accumulated in the collecting trough 5 can be removed, thus avoiding excessive powder accumulation between the collecting trough 5 and the sieve plate 3 and causing congestion. Both the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6 are driven to rotate by the oil press body 1. One of the rotating shafts of the oil press body 1 extends out and is connected to one end of the large impeller 4 that extends out of the feed hopper 2 through a bevel gear pair and an intermediate shaft. An adjustment module 9 is provided between the small impeller 6 and the large impeller 4. The adjustment module 9 and the intermediate shaft are located on both sides of the feed hopper 2, thereby realizing that both the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6 are driven to rotate by the oil press body 1. When the large impeller 4 rotates, the blades repeatedly push against the bottom of the screen plate 3, causing the screen plate 3 to vibrate and strike the collection trough 5. When the screen plate 3 vibrates, it can prevent the material from arching or getting stuck between the screen plate 3 and the baffle 7. Striking the collection trough 5 can prevent the powder in the small impeller 6 from sticking to the blades of the small impeller 6, which helps to reduce the frequency of cleaning the equipment.

[0029] In the above or some embodiments, the width of the large impeller 4 is greater than the width of the collecting trough 5 and the screen plate 3; firstly, so that the bottom of the screen plate 3 can extend between two adjacent blades of the large impeller 4 without being obstructed by the side walls of the large impeller 4; secondly, so as to avoid the block material getting stuck when entering the material cavity of the large impeller 4, making the material discharge smoother.

[0030] Specifically, the feed hopper 2 is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the feed hopper 2 is equipped with a screen plate 3 and a material collection trough 5, and the lower part of the feed hopper 2 is equipped with a large impeller 4. The front-to-back width of the lower part of the feed hopper 2 is greater than that of the upper part.

[0031] In the above or some embodiments, a baffle 7 is provided above the sieve plate 3. The baffle 7 and the sieve plate 3 are arranged in an alternating "V" shape. The baffle 7 can direct the material to the part of the sieve plate 3 with sieve holes; and prevent the material from falling directly into the large impeller 4 from the gap between the bottom of the sieve plate 3 and the feed hopper 2 after entering the feed hopper 2.

[0032] Specifically, both the top of the baffle 7 and the screen plate 3 are welded with a base, which is fixed to the feed hopper 2 by bolts. A push rod 8 for support is provided below the baffle 7. The two ends of the push rod 8 are fixed to the inner wall of the baffle 7 and the feed hopper 2 respectively, so as to improve the strength of the baffle 7 when it is subjected to material impact.

[0033] In the above or some embodiments, an adjustment module 9 is provided between the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6. The adjustment module 9 can change the rotational speed ratio of the small impeller 6 relative to the large impeller 4, thereby controlling the ratio of powder and block material at the bottom of the feed hopper 2.

[0034] Specifically, the central shafts of both the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6 are hollow shafts, with a round shaft inside. The hollow shaft and the round shaft are circumferentially fixed by a keyway. The round shafts of both the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6 extend out of the feed hopper 2 and are connected to pulleys. The two pulleys are connected by a belt. By changing the diameter of the two pulleys, the rotational speed of the large impeller 4 and the small impeller 6 can be adjusted. Furthermore, protective covers 12 are provided on the outer sides of the two belts and on the outer side of the intermediate shaft between the oil press body 1 and the large impeller 4 to improve safety during operation.

[0035] Before use, the discharge conveyor belt of the pre-crushing device is moved above the feed hopper 2 of this device, so that the pre-crushed material can automatically fall into the feed hopper 2 under the conveyor belt.

[0036] When in use, first start the oil press body 1. The rotating shaft extending from the oil press body 1 drives the large impeller 4 to rotate through the bevel gear pair and the intermediate shaft. At the same time, the small impeller 6 is driven to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure of the adjustment module 9. The equipment enters a stable waiting state for materials. Then start the front-end pre-crushing equipment to crush the large pieces of material.

[0037] After being pre-crushed at the front end, the oil cake mixture is fed into the feed hopper 2 by a conveying device. During the fall, the material first contacts the upper baffle 7. Under the guiding effect of the baffle 7, it flows to the screening area with screen holes on the screen plate 3, preventing the material from falling directly from the gap between the bottom of the screen plate 3 and the feed hopper 2. After the mixture falls on the inclined screen plate 3, the powder with smaller particle size passes through the screen holes and falls into the collection trough 5 below, while the larger block material slides gently down the inclined surface of the screen plate 3.

[0038] The powder falling into the collection trough 5 is collected in the middle of the trough along the upper funnel-shaped structure and discharged quantitatively by the small impeller 6 at a set speed. It first falls into the material cavity corresponding to the large impeller 4 below. As the large impeller 4 continues to rotate, the material cavity that has received the powder moves to the bottom position of the screen plate 3. The block material that slides down the screen plate 3 then falls into the material cavity and presses on top of the powder, completing the orderly layered filling of powder and block material in a single cavity.

[0039] When the large impeller 4 continues to rotate to the discharge position at the bottom of the feed hopper 2, the lumps in the material chamber first fall into the pressing chamber of the oil press body 1, and the powder then falls and is dispersed along the gaps between the lumps, so as to avoid the powder from accumulating and blocking the oil discharge gap of the pressing cage, and also to prevent the powder from falling into the pressing chamber and causing a sudden increase in equipment load.

[0040] During continuous operation of the equipment, the blades of the large impeller 4 repeatedly move the bottom of the screen plate 3, causing the screen plate 3 to vibrate continuously. This prevents the screen holes from being blocked by powder and avoids the material from arching and getting stuck between the screen plate 3 and the baffle 7. At the same time, when the screen plate 3 vibrates, it knocks on the material collection trough 5, preventing the powder in the small impeller 6 from sticking to the blades, ensuring smooth and stable material feeding throughout the process. During production, the corresponding pulley can be replaced by adjusting the module 9 to change the speed ratio between the small impeller 6 and the large impeller 4, thereby flexibly adjusting the feeding ratio of powder and block material to adapt to oil cake materials with different oil content and different crushing particle sizes.

[0041] If excessive powder accumulates in the collection trough 5 after prolonged continuous operation and causes blockage, the detachable baffle 10 at the side wall passage of the feed hopper 2 can be opened to clean the excessive powder accumulated in the trough. After cleaning, the baffle 10 can be reinstalled to quickly restore normal production.

Claims

1. An oilseed cake waste pressing device, comprising an oil press body (1) and a feed hopper (2) on the oil press body (1); characterized in that, The feed hopper (2) is equipped with a sieve plate (3) for screening and diverting block materials and powder materials, and a large impeller (4) for controlling the discharge speed. The sieve plate (3) is located above the large impeller (4). A collection trough (5) for receiving powder materials is provided between the sieve plate (3) and the large impeller (4). The bottom of the collection trough (5) is connected to the material cavity of the large impeller (4). The bottom of the collection trough (5) is equipped with a small impeller (6) for separately controlling the discharge speed of powder materials. After receiving the powder materials discharged by the small impeller (6), the large impeller (4) turns to the bottom of the sieve plate (3) to receive block materials, thereby controlling the discharge order and ratio of powder materials and block materials. The large impeller (4) and the small impeller (6) are both driven to rotate by the oil press body (1). When the large impeller (4) rotates, the blades repeatedly push the screen plate (3), causing the screen plate (3) to vibrate and knock on the collection trough (5).

2. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the sieve plate (3) is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper (2), and a gap is left between the bottom and the inner wall of the feed hopper (2). The top of the collection trough (5) is completely covered by the sieve plate (3).

3. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sieve plate (3) is a flat plate without sieve holes, and the sieve portion with sieve holes on the sieve plate (3) is located completely above the material collection trough (5).

4. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the large impeller (4) is greater than the width of the collecting trough (5) and the screen plate (3).

5. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (7) is provided above the sieve plate (3). The baffle (7) and the sieve plate (3) are arranged in an alternating "V" shape. The baffle (7) can make the material flow to the part of the sieve plate (3) with sieve holes.

6. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The baffle (7) is provided with a push rod (8) for support below it. The two ends of the push rod (8) are fixed to the inner wall of the baffle (7) and the feed hopper (2), respectively.

7. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustment module (9) is provided between the large impeller (4) and the small impeller (6). The speed ratio of the small impeller (6) to the large impeller (4) can be changed through the adjustment module (9), thereby controlling the ratio of powder to block material at the bottom of the feed hopper (2).

8. The oilseed cake waste pressing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed hopper (2) between the sieve plate (3) and the collection trough (5) has a through groove on its side wall. A detachable partition (10) is provided on the outside of the through groove. When the partition (10) is opened, it can remove the excessive powder material accumulated in the collection trough (5).

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