Method of manufacturing a panel, panel for a household appliance, and household appliance

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of household appliances, and discloses a preparation method of a panel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: coating a UV glue on a first surface of a glass base to form a UV glue layer; adhering a substrate layer to the UV glue layer, the substrate layer being made of a light-transmitting material; and curing the UV glue layer under UV light to bond the substrate layer to the glass base, thereby obtaining a panel intermediate body. The glass base and the substrate layer are both made of light-transmitting materials, which can avoid blocking and shielding of ultraviolet light, so that the two side surfaces of the UV glue facing the glass base and the substrate layer can both receive sufficient ultraviolet energy. In this way, the shadow effect during the UV light curing process can be avoided, the curing is complete, the uniformity of the curing effect is improved, and the curing effect of the UV glue layer is enhanced. The application further discloses a panel for a household appliance and a household appliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of household appliance technology, specifically to a method for preparing a panel, a panel for use in a household appliance, and the household appliance itself. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the panels of household appliances are usually made of glass. To enhance the tactile experience, frosted glass is often used. However, the glass substrate feels hard and cold to the touch, which affects the user experience.

[0003] To improve the feel of electronic products, related technologies include a reinforcing layer on the surface of the base material layer of the back cover, and an organic silicone leather layer on the surface of the reinforcing layer. The base material layer is selected from polycarbonate (PC) board or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) / polycarbonate composite board, and the reinforcing layer is selected from glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, or glass fiber / carbon fiber composite materials. This leather-like back cover combines the base material layer, reinforcing layer, and organic silicone leather layer together, and the surface of the organic silicone leather layer provides a high-end feel and texture.

[0004] In the process of implementing the embodiments of this disclosure, at least the following problems were found in the related art:

[0005] Leather-type back covers in related technologies are suitable for electronic products. The reinforcing layer uses materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber, which can affect the photocuring effect between the substrate layer and the reinforcing layer, thus affecting the strength and durability of the back cover.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments, but rather as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0008] This disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, a panel for use in a household appliance, and a household appliance, to improve the panel's durability while enhancing its tactile feel.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a panel is provided, comprising: coating a first surface of a glass substrate with a UV adhesive to form a UV adhesive layer; attaching a veneer layer to the UV adhesive layer, wherein the veneer layer is made of a light-transmitting material; and UV curing the UV adhesive layer to bond the veneer layer to the glass substrate to form a panel intermediate.

[0010] Optionally, before bonding the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive, the method further includes: screen printing on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form a first screen printing layer; and immersing the vegan skin layer in dyeing to form a dyed layer on the surface of the first screen printing layer facing the glass substrate.

[0011] Optionally, before applying UV adhesive to the first surface of the glass substrate, the method further includes: screen printing on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface; and sealing the surface of the second screen printing layer away from the glass substrate to form a sealing layer.

[0012] Optionally, the vegan skin layer includes a tactile layer, a surface layer, and a functional layer, which are arranged sequentially along the direction of the vegan skin layer toward the glass substrate. The tactile layer, surface layer, and functional layer are all transparent materials. Before attaching the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer, the preparation method further includes: texturing the surface layer.

[0013] Optionally, the vegan skin layer further includes a PET substrate layer and an adhesive layer. The PET substrate layer is disposed on the side of the functional layer facing the glass substrate, and the adhesive layer is disposed between the functional layer and the PET substrate layer to connect the functional layer and the PET substrate layer. Both the PET substrate layer and the adhesive layer are transparent materials. Attaching the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer includes: attaching the surface of the PET substrate layer away from the adhesive layer to the UV adhesive layer.

[0014] Optionally, the vegan skin layer is an organosilicon vegan skin layer, the functional layer of the organosilicon vegan skin layer is a silicone rubber polymer functional layer, the silicone rubber polymer functional layer is a light-transmitting material, the UV adhesive layer is a silicone-containing UV adhesive layer, and attaching the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer includes: attaching the surface of the silicone rubber polymer functional layer away from the surface layer to the silicone-containing UV adhesive layer.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the vegan skin layer ranges from 33 μm to 43 μm; and / or, the thickness of the functional layer ranges from 10 μm to 15 μm, the thickness of the surface layer ranges from 10 μm to 15 μm, and the thickness of the tactile layer ranges from 3 μm to 4 μm.

[0016] Alternatively, the material of the vegan skin layer may include one or more of silicone, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a panel for a household appliance is provided, comprising: a glass substrate; a skin layer disposed on a first surface of the glass substrate, the skin layer being a light-transmitting material; and a UV adhesive layer disposed between the glass substrate and the skin layer to connect the glass substrate and the skin layer.

[0018] Optionally, the panel further includes a first screen printing layer and a dyeing layer, wherein the vegan skin layer, the first screen printing layer, the dyeing layer and the UV adhesive layer are sequentially disposed along the direction of the vegan skin layer toward the glass substrate; and / or, the panel further includes a second screen printing layer and a sealing layer, wherein the second screen printing layer is disposed on the second surface of the glass substrate and the sealing layer is disposed on the side of the second screen printing layer away from the glass substrate, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface.

[0019] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a household appliance is provided, comprising: a panel prepared by a preparation method as described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments; or, a panel for a household appliance as described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments.

[0020] The panel manufacturing method, the panel for household appliances, and the household appliances provided in this disclosure can achieve the following technical effects:

[0021] Both the glass substrate and the veneer layer are translucent materials, preventing them from blocking ultraviolet rays and ensuring that both sides of the UV adhesive facing the glass substrate and the veneer layer receive sufficient ultraviolet energy. This avoids the formation of shadows during UV curing, ensuring complete curing, improving the uniformity of the curing effect, and thus enhancing the curing performance of the UV adhesive layer.

[0022] The above general description and the description below are exemplary and illustrative only and are not intended to limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a panel preparation method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another panel preparation method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another panel preparation method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another panel preparation method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another panel preparation method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0029] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of another panel preparation method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a panel for a household appliance provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, wherein the arrow indicates the direction of the veneer layer toward the glass substrate;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another panel for a household appliance provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another panel for a household appliance provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 10: Panel;

[0035] 20: Glass substrate; 21: First surface; 22: Second surface;

[0036] 30: Vegan leather layer; 301: Organosilicon vegan leather layer; 31: Tactile layer; 32: Surface layer; 33: Functional layer; 331: Silicone rubber polymer functional layer; 34: PET substrate layer; 35: Adhesive layer;

[0037] 40: UV adhesive layer; 41: Silicone-containing UV adhesive layer;

[0038] 50: Second silkscreen layer; 60: First silkscreen layer; 70: Cover layer; 80: Dyeing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and devices may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0040] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "middle," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for better description of the embodiments of this disclosure and their implementations, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to require them to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Unless otherwise stated, the term "multiple" means two or more.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0045] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel 10, including:

[0048] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0049] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0050] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0051] Household appliances have large glass door sizes, which are not suitable for common high-pressure forming equipment and processes. Using ultraviolet rays (UV) curing process to bond the skin layer 30 to the glass substrate 20 can efficiently process large-size glass panels 10.

[0052] In this embodiment, the vegan skin layer 30 is a light-transmitting material, meaning it can be transparent or translucent, allowing light to pass through. The glass substrate 20 is also a light-transmitting material. UV adhesive is a UV-curable adhesive. By applying UV adhesive to the first surface 21 of the glass substrate 20 and bonding the vegan skin layer 30 to the UV adhesive, and then curing the UV adhesive layer with UV light, a strong bond is achieved between the vegan skin layer 30 and the glass substrate 20.

[0053] Using the panel 10 preparation method provided in this embodiment, both the glass substrate 20 and the veneer layer 30 are light-transmitting materials, which avoids blocking ultraviolet rays and allows the UV adhesive to receive sufficient ultraviolet energy on both sides of the glass substrate 20 and the veneer layer 30. This avoids the formation of a shadow effect during UV curing, ensures complete curing, improves the uniformity of the curing effect, and thus enhances the curing effect of the UV adhesive layer 40.

[0054] Meanwhile, this preparation method simplifies the production process and improves production efficiency. The use of a transparent veneer layer 30 and a glass substrate 20 also enhances the speed and reliability of UV curing bonding. After cleaning the glass substrate, UV adhesive can be applied to the surface of the glass substrate 20 via roller coating to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0055] Optionally, bonding the vegan leather layer to the UV adhesive layer includes: bonding the vegan leather layer to the UV adhesive layer by roller pressing.

[0056] During the bonding process between the veneer layer 30 and the glass substrate 20, the veneer layer 30 is first pre-treated by cutting and cleaning. The veneer layer 30 film is placed in a UV light machine, and the glass substrate 20 is placed on the operating table of the UV light machine. UV adhesive is rolled onto the first surface 21 of the glass substrate 20. After the veneer layer 30 film and the glass substrate 20 are rolled and bonded, the UV light is turned on to cure the UV adhesive layer. Finally, the panel 10 is trimmed, and then the panel 10 is left to stand and cure.

[0057] During the rolling process, the pressure rollers can apply pressure evenly, tightly bonding the veneer layer 30 to the UV adhesive layer 40 and the glass substrate 20, thereby reducing the generation of bubbles and wrinkles. Simultaneously, the reduction of bubbles also increases the light transmittance of the veneer layer 30, thus improving the curing effect of the UV adhesive layer 40. This not only improves the appearance quality of the product but also strengthens the adhesion between the veneer layer 30 and the glass substrate 20. Moreover, the rolling method applies uniform pressure to the veneer layer 30 through the pressure rollers. This uniform pressure distribution prevents excessive compression of any part of the veneer layer 30, thus avoiding any impact on the texture of the veneer layer 30.

[0058] Optionally, before attaching the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer, the preparation method further includes: screen printing on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form a first screen printing layer; and immersing the vegan skin layer in dyeing to form a dyed layer on the surface of the first screen printing layer facing the glass substrate.

[0059] The screen printing and dyeing processes for the vegan skin layer can be performed before applying UV adhesive to the first surface of the glass substrate.

[0060] Combination Figure 2 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, including:

[0061] S400, screen printing is performed on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form the first screen printing layer.

[0062] S500 involves impregnating the vegan skin layer to form a dyed layer on the surface of the first screen printing layer facing the glass substrate.

[0063] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0064] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0065] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0066] The screen printing and dyeing processes of the vegan skin layer can also be performed before and after applying UV adhesive to the first surface of the glass substrate.

[0067] Combination Figure 3 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, including:

[0068] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0069] S400, screen printing is performed on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form the first screen printing layer.

[0070] S500 involves impregnating the vegan skin layer to form a dyed layer on the surface of the first screen printing layer facing the glass substrate.

[0071] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0072] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0073] Screen printing on the surface of the vegan skin layer 30 facing the glass substrate can improve the light transmittance of the vegan skin layer 30 and enhance the transparent display effect of the panel 10. Ink is transferred to the vegan skin layer 30 through the mesh of the screen printing plate, forming a first screen printing layer 60 on the surface of the vegan skin layer 30 facing the glass substrate 20.

[0074] By immersing the screen-printed vegan skin layer 30 in dyeing, a dyed layer 80 can be formed on the surface of the first screen-printed layer 60 facing the glass substrate. After screen printing, through the accumulation and curing of ink during the screen printing process, halftone dots are formed on the surface of the vegan skin layer 30 facing the glass substrate. These halftone dots not only increase the surface roughness of the vegan skin layer 30 but also provide more adhesion points for the dye. In the subsequent immersion dyeing process, the dye easily adheres to these halftone dots, thereby improving the dyeing effect of the vegan skin layer 30. The screen-printed vegan skin layer 30 improves light transmission, and immersion dyeing on the surface of the first screen-printed layer 60 also improves color display. At the same time, dyeing the vegan skin layer 30 through immersion dyeing allows the dye to penetrate evenly to the surface of the vegan skin layer 30, improving the transparency of the dyed layer 80.

[0075] Optionally, the vegan leather layer may be subjected to immersion dyeing treatment, including: placing the vegan leather layer in an immersion dyeing tank and immersing it repeatedly.

[0076] Repeated immersion of the vegan leather layer 30 in the dyeing bath improves dyeing uniformity and allows the dye to fully penetrate the fibers of the vegan leather layer 30, thereby enhancing the dyeing effect. After each immersion in the dyeing bath for a preset time, the vegan leather layer is hung flat for observation. The preset time can be 1–3 seconds; multiple short immersions improve dye adhesion. The dyeing effect can be observed while the vegan leather layer 30 is hung flat after immersion. For example, dye is added to the dyeing bath, and the temperature is continuously raised to 50℃–60℃. After ultrasonic cleaning of the organosilicon vegan leather layer, it is placed in the dyeing bath for repeated immersions, each lasting 1–3 seconds, and observed while hanging flat to form a dyed layer.

[0077] Optionally, when screen printing is performed on the surface of the vegan skin layer 30 facing the glass substrate to form the first screen printing layer, the mesh count of the screen is in the range of 300 mesh to 500 mesh.

[0078] For thin materials like vegan leather 30 with high surface finish requirements, high-mesh screens can reduce excessive ink penetration and prevent blurry printed patterns. Screens with 300 to 500 mesh can provide finer printing results, achieving high quality and precision in vegan leather 30 screen printing, meeting the printing needs of high-end products. It can be understood that screen mesh counts can be 300, 350, 400, 450, or 500 mesh.

[0079] Optionally, the vegan skin layer 30 includes a PET substrate layer 34 disposed facing the glass substrate 20. Screen printing is performed on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form a first screen printing layer, including: screen printing texture processing on the surface of the PET substrate layer facing the glass substrate to form a first screen printing layer on the side of the PET substrate layer facing the glass substrate.

[0080] The vegan skin layer 30 has a composite layer structure, including a PET substrate layer 34. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic polyester material with a light transmittance between 88% and 92%, exhibiting good optical transparency. Using PET as the substrate layer 34 improves the adhesion of the UV adhesive layer 40. PET also possesses excellent physical and mechanical properties, temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation, and is cost-effective. Simultaneously, the PET substrate layer 34 provides a solid foundation for the vegan skin layer 30, ensuring overall structural stability and support.

[0081] In the composite layer structure of the vegan skin layer 30, the PET substrate layer 34 is the layer closest to the glass substrate 20. The surface of the PET substrate layer 34 facing the glass substrate 20 is also the surface of the vegan skin layer 30 facing the glass substrate 20. At this time, the first screen printing layer 60 is located on the side of the PET substrate layer 34 facing the glass substrate, and the dyeing layer 80 is correspondingly located on the side of the first screen printing layer 60 away from the PET substrate layer 34. Taking the silicone vegan skin layer as an example, the screen is controlled at 300-500 mesh, and a texture is formed after screen printing on the back of the PET substrate layer, thus forming the first screen printing layer.

[0082] Optionally, before applying UV adhesive to the first surface of the glass substrate 20, the preparation method further includes: performing screen printing on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface; and performing a sealing treatment on the surface of the second screen printing layer away from the glass substrate to form a sealing layer.

[0083] Combination Figure 4 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, including:

[0084] S600, screen printing is performed on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer.

[0085] S700, a sealing treatment is performed on the surface of the second silkscreen layer opposite to the glass substrate to form a sealing layer.

[0086] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface.

[0087] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0088] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0089] The second surface 22 is disposed opposite to the first surface 21. The first surface 21 is the surface of the glass substrate 20 facing the vegan skin layer 30, and the second surface 22 is the surface of the glass substrate 20 away from the vegan skin layer 30. During the screen printing process on the glass substrate 20, the glass substrate 20 is first inspected and cleaned, screen printing ink is prepared, and a screen is made. Then, the screen is used to print textures on the second surface 22 of the glass substrate 20, forming the second screen printing layer 50. After the screen printing process on the glass substrate 20 is completed, a sealing treatment is performed on the glass substrate 20, forming a sealing layer 70 on the surface of the second screen printing layer 50 away from the glass substrate 20. Finally, the glass substrate 20 is placed in an oven to dry.

[0090] A second screen printing process is performed on the second surface 22 of the glass substrate 20 to form a second screen printing layer 50. Then, a sealing process is performed on the side of the second screen printing layer 50 facing away from the glass substrate 20 to form a sealing layer 70. Screen printing allows for complex patterns and text designs on the glass substrate 20, enhancing the product's visual appeal. The sealing process protects the second screen printing layer 50 from environmental damage and enhances the overall durability of the glass substrate 20. This not only improves the decorative effect of the panel 10 but also enhances the durability and protective performance of the glass substrate 20.

[0091] The translucent vegan skin layer 30 is bonded to the screen-printed glass substrate 20 with a UV adhesive layer 40, which can not only improve the adhesion between the vegan skin layer 30 and the glass substrate 20, but also meet the visibility requirements of the panel 10, enrich the color and texture of the panel 10, and improve the tactile feel of the panel 10.

[0092] It is understood that the screen printing treatment of glass substrate 20 and the sealing treatment of glass substrate 20 are processing techniques for glass substrate 20, while the screen printing treatment of vegan skin layer 30 and the dyeing treatment of vegan skin layer 30 are processing techniques for vegan skin layer 30. There is no restriction on the order of processing glass substrate 20 and vegan skin layer 30.

[0093] Optionally, screen printing is performed on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface, including: glass substrate inspection and cleaning, leaving a display area on the second surface of the glass substrate, and then screen printing is performed on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer.

[0094] Before screen printing, the glass substrate is inspected and cleaned to ensure the surface is free of dust, oil, and other impurities. This effectively improves the adhesion of the screen printing ink, thereby enhancing the clarity and durability of the printed pattern. A display area is left untreated during the screen printing process to ensure that its transparency and optical performance are not affected.

[0095] Optionally, a sealing treatment is performed on the surface of the second silkscreen layer opposite to the glass substrate to form a sealing layer, including: after leaving a display area on the second surface of the glass substrate, a sealing treatment is performed on the surface of the second silkscreen layer opposite to the glass substrate to form a sealing layer.

[0096] Leave a display area during the back sealing process so that the transparency and optical performance of the display area are not affected.

[0097] During the silkscreening and sealing processes of the glass substrate 20, a display area is left to allow light to pass through. This improves the display effect of the panel 10.

[0098] Optionally, the glass substrate 20 has a display area, and the second silkscreen layer 50 and the cover layer 70 are positioned to avoid each other at the positions corresponding to the display area.

[0099] When panel 10 is used in conjunction with the digital display functions of home appliances, text information, graphic information, or lighting effects need to be displayed through the display area of ​​glass substrate 20. The display area needs to have good light transmittance so that light can pass smoothly through glass substrate 20, making the text, graphics, or lighting effects clearly visible. At the corresponding position of the display area, the second silkscreen layer 50 is not printed, and the cover layer 70 is not sealed, i.e., a separation setting is implemented. This ensures the light transmittance and display effect of the display area, avoiding interference from the second silkscreen layer 50 and the cover layer 70 on the display effect. At the same time, the edges of the second silkscreen layer 50 and the cover layer 70 corresponding to the display area also have a light-shielding effect, preventing the light from the display area from spreading in all directions. This confines the light within the display area, making the displayed content more prominent and eye-catching, thereby improving the display effect.

[0100] Optionally, the vegan skin layer includes a tactile layer, a surface layer, and a functional layer, which are arranged sequentially along the direction of the vegan skin layer toward the glass substrate. The tactile layer, surface layer, and functional layer are all transparent materials. Before attaching the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer, the preparation method further includes: texturing the surface layer.

[0101] Combination Figure 5 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, including:

[0102] S210, texture the surface layer.

[0103] S220, prepare the vegan skin layer, wherein the vegan skin layer includes a tactile layer, a surface layer and a functional layer.

[0104] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0105] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0106] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0107] The direction of the vegan skin layer 30 toward the glass substrate 20 is as follows: Figure 7 As indicated by the middle arrow. The vegan skin layer 30 includes a tactile layer 31, a surface layer 32, and a functional layer 33. The tactile layer 31, the surface layer 32, and the functional layer 33 are arranged sequentially along the direction of the vegan skin layer 30 toward the glass substrate 20. The surface layer 32 is located on the side of the tactile layer 31 facing the glass substrate 20, and the functional layer 33 is located on the side of the surface layer 32 facing the glass substrate 20.

[0108] The tactile layer 31 comes into direct contact with the user, providing a soft feel. The textured surface layer 32 enhances the visual appeal of the vegan leather layer 10. The functional layer 33 provides protection and functional support to the vegan leather layer 30. Through the synergistic effect between the layers of the vegan leather layer 30, the performance of the panel 10 is improved, along with its appearance and user experience.

[0109] Optionally, the surface layer is textured, including: the surface layer is calendered with textured paper to form a surface texture.

[0110] By using the silkscreened texture on the rolled texture composite glass substrate 20 of the surface layer 32, the fusion effect of the dual textures can be achieved, thereby achieving a transparent and soft visual effect for the glass finish.

[0111] Optionally, combined Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the vegan skin layer 30 also includes a PET substrate layer 34 and an adhesive layer 35. The PET substrate layer 34 is disposed on the side of the functional layer 33 facing the glass substrate. The adhesive layer 35 is disposed between the functional layer 33 and the PET substrate layer 34 to connect the functional layer 33 and the PET substrate layer 34. Both the PET substrate layer 34 and the adhesive layer 35 are transparent materials. Attaching the vegan skin layer 30 to the UV adhesive layer 40 includes: attaching the surface of the PET substrate layer away from the adhesive layer to the UV adhesive layer.

[0112] The vegan skin layer 30 can be of various types, including silicone vegan skin layer 301, polyurethane vegan skin layer 30, or polyvinyl chloride vegan skin layer 30. Different types of vegan skin layers 30 exhibit different adhesion effects to the UV adhesive layer 40. Taking silicone vegan skin layer 301 as an example, the functional layer 33 in silicone vegan skin layer 301 includes a silicone rubber polymer. If the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331 is directly bonded to the UV adhesive layer 40, the silicone component and inorganic glass are difficult to bond through the UV adhesive, and the vegan skin layer is prone to detachment. The PET substrate layer 34, being a plastic material, easily adheres to the UV adhesive layer 40 and does not easily detach. In this embodiment, the functional layer 33 and the PET substrate layer 34 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 35, ensuring a stable connection between the PET substrate layer 34 and the functional layer 33 and preventing interlayer delamination of the vegan skin layer 30. The UV adhesive layer 40 is bonded between the glass substrate 20 and the PET substrate layer 34, thus improving the adhesion between the vegan skin layer 30 and the glass substrate 20.

[0113] When the vegan skin layer 30 is a silicone vegan skin layer 301, using silicone-modified adhesive as the bonding layer 35 can improve the adhesion between the PET substrate layer 34 and the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331. The PET substrate layer 34 has a certain degree of hardness, which can make the other layers of the silicone vegan skin layer 301 flat and smooth, thereby allowing the silicone vegan skin layer 301 to be better formed and avoiding the generation of bubbles or wrinkles when the silicone vegan skin layer 301 is rolled onto the glass substrate 20. This can reduce reflection loss and improve the light transmittance of the panel 10.

[0114] It is understandable that the PET substrate layer 34 can be made of PET or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film with different decorative effects, thereby changing the color and appearance of the panel 10.

[0115] Optionally, combined Figure 9 As shown, the vegan skin layer 30 is an organosilicon vegan skin layer 301, the functional layer 33 of the organosilicon vegan skin layer 301 is a silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331, the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331 is a light-transmitting material, the UV adhesive layer 40 is a silicone-containing UV adhesive layer 41, and attaching the vegan skin layer 30 to the UV adhesive layer 40 includes: attaching the surface of the silicone rubber polymer functional layer on the side away from the surface layer to the silicone-containing UV adhesive layer.

[0116] The silicone-containing UV adhesive layer 41 and the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331 have similar chemical structures, enabling them to interact better and form a stronger adhesive effect. Using the silicone-containing UV adhesive layer 41 to bond the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331 and the inorganic glass substrate 20 can improve the bonding strength and prevent the organosilicon skin layer 301 from falling off the glass substrate 20.

[0117] Optionally, after UV-curing the UV adhesive layer to bond the vegan skin layer to the glass substrate and forming the panel intermediate, the preparation method further includes: secondary curing of the panel intermediate using a mercury lamp; baking and curing the panel intermediate; and allowing the panel intermediate to stand and cure.

[0118] Combination Figure 6 As shown, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a panel, including:

[0119] S100, UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer.

[0120] S200, the vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0121] S300 is a UV-cured adhesive layer that bonds the vegan skin to the glass substrate, forming the panel intermediate.

[0122] S801, the panel intermediate body is cured twice using a mercury lamp;

[0123] S802, bakes and solidifies the panel intermediate body;

[0124] S803, allow the panel intermediate to stand and solidify.

[0125] After the veneer layer and glass substrate are bonded together with a UV adhesive layer and cured with UV light, a panel intermediate is formed. A secondary curing process using a mercury lamp improves the curing depth and adhesion of the UV adhesive layer 40, ensuring a strong bond between the UV adhesive layer 40, the veneer layer 30, and the glass substrate 20. Baking curing further enhances the curing degree of the UV adhesive layer 40, increasing its hardness and durability. The panel intermediate is placed in an oven at 80°C for 30 minutes. Static curing further stabilizes the performance of the UV adhesive layer 40, improving the stability and reliability of the panel 10 during long-term use. Through multiple curing processes, the adhesion, hardness, durability, appearance quality, and stability of the panel 10 are significantly improved. This not only enhances the overall quality of the product but also ensures its stability and reliability during long-term use. For example, the screen-printed and dyed silicone skin layer is rolled onto the glass substrate, air bubbles are removed, and it is then cured under a UV lamp. After curing twice with a mercury lamp, it is placed in an oven and baked at 75℃~85℃ for 30 minutes, then cooled and allowed to stand. After baking and curing but before standing curing, the middle part of the panel can be trimmed. Trimming removes excess UV adhesive from the edges of the middle part of the panel, improving the neatness and aesthetics of the panel 10.

[0126] Optionally, the thickness of the vegan skin layer 30 ranges from 33 μm to 43 μm.

[0127] When the thickness of the vegan leather layer 30 is greater than or equal to 33μm, it provides sufficient thickness to offer a soft feel and pleasant touch, enhancing the product's premium feel and user experience. Simultaneously, a thicker vegan leather layer 30 offers better abrasion resistance and scratch resistance, thereby improving the durability of the panel 10. Furthermore, a thickness of 33μm or greater makes the vegan leather layer 30 easier to control during processing and manufacturing, improving production consistency and quality stability.

[0128] When the thickness of the vegan skin layer 30 is less than or equal to 43μm, the thinner vegan skin layer 30 is easier to handle during coating and lamination, reducing bubbles and unevenness, and maintaining good light transmittance. This improves the adhesion of the UV adhesive layer 40 between the vegan skin layer 30 and the glass substrate 20. In this way, the vegan skin layer 30 maintains a soft touch without increasing the overall thickness and weight of the product, achieving a slim and lightweight design for the panel 10. This also reduces material usage and lowers production costs.

[0129] In this embodiment, the thickness of the vegan skin layer 30 is limited to 33μm to 43μm, which enables the vegan skin layer 30 to provide a soft touch similar to genuine leather while improving the adhesion effect of the UV adhesive layer 40 between the vegan skin layer 30 and the glass substrate 20.

[0130] It is understandable that the thickness of the vegan layer 30 can be 33μm, 35μm, 38μm, 40μm or 43μm.

[0131] Optionally, the thickness of the functional layer 33 is in the range of 10μm to 15μm, the thickness of the surface layer 32 is in the range of 10μm to 15μm, and the thickness of the tactile layer 31 is in the range of 3μm to 4μm.

[0132] When the thickness of the functional layer 33 is greater than or equal to 10 μm, it can provide sufficient protection and functional support for the vegan skin layer 30, improving its corresponding performance. For example, in organosilicon vegan skin, when the thickness of the silicone rubber polymer functional layer 331 is greater than or equal to 10 μm, it can significantly enhance the abrasion resistance and durability of the vegan skin layer 30. When the thickness of the functional layer 33 is less than or equal to 15 μm, it can maintain good transparency and optical properties. It can be understood that the thickness of the functional layer 33 can be 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, or 15 μm.

[0133] The surface layer 32 has a texture. When the thickness of the surface layer 32 is greater than or equal to 10 μm, it provides sufficient thickness to offer rich texture effects and good wear resistance, effectively increasing visual and tactile diversity. When the thickness of the surface layer 32 is less than or equal to 15 μm, it reduces material usage while maintaining good transparency and optical properties. It can be understood that the thickness of the surface layer 32 can be 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, or 15 μm.

[0134] When the thickness of the tactile layer 31 is greater than or equal to 3 μm, it provides sufficient thickness to deliver a soft feel and good tactile sensation. When the thickness of the tactile layer 31 is less than or equal to 4 μm, it reduces material usage and lowers production costs while maintaining good transparency and optical properties. Therefore, the thickness of the tactile layer 31 can be 3 μm, 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm, 3.5 μm, 3.6 μm, 3.8 μm, or 4 μm.

[0135] Optionally, the material of the vegan skin layer 30 includes one or more of silicone, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.

[0136] The vegan leather layer 30 can be an organosilicon vegan leather layer 301. Using a matte, semi-transparent organosilicon vegan leather layer 301, its high light transmittance allows light to pass through effectively, thereby improving the adhesion of the UV adhesive layer 40. Furthermore, the organosilicon vegan leather layer 301 possesses excellent softness and weather resistance, as well as superior properties such as easy cleaning, high colorfastness, odorless, corrosion-resistant, non-polluting, and fingerprint-resistant. This addresses the problems of easy aging and difficulty in cleaning of genuine leather materials used in high-end home appliance panels 10, and the aging and peeling issues of low-end leather. It also meets the aesthetic and sustainability requirements of home appliance panel materials.

[0137] When the vegan skin layer 30 is an organosilicon vegan skin layer 301, the organosilicon vegan skin material is applied to the panel 10 of the household appliance. Through curing with a high-transmittance UV adhesive layer 40, the organosilicon material and the glass material can be better bonded, achieving a matte, semi-transparent, bubble-free effect. Based on this, combined with currently known glass processing techniques such as coating, inkjet printing, and screen printing, the soft-touch feel and visual frosted effect of the household appliance panel 10 can be better showcased.

[0138] The veneer layer 30 can also be a polyurethane veneer layer 30. Polyurethane film has excellent transparency, enabling light transmission. Polyurethane veneer material also provides high strength and abrasion resistance. The veneer layer 30 can also be a polyvinyl chloride veneer layer 30. Polyvinyl chloride film has excellent transparency, enabling light transmission. Polyvinyl chloride veneer layer 30 also has the advantages of low cost and easy processing.

[0139] In some embodiments, panel 10 is used in household appliances. Panel 10 includes a light-transmitting silicone skin layer 301 and a glass substrate 20, which are bonded together by a UV adhesive layer 40. The silicone skin layer 301 includes a PET substrate layer 34, a functional layer 33, a surface layer 32, and a tactile layer 31, which are sequentially arranged along the direction of the silicone skin layer 301 toward the glass substrate 20. The total thickness of the silicone skin layer 301 ranges from 33 μm to 43 μm, wherein the thickness of the functional layer 33 ranges from 10 μm to 15 μm, the thickness of the surface layer 32 ranges from 10 μm to 15 μm, and the thickness of the tactile layer 31 ranges from 3 μm to 4 μm. After the surface layer 32 is textured by rolling release paper onto its surface, the release paper is peeled off. The surface layer 32 forms a leather-like texture through release paper; the larger the gaps in the texture, the clearer the display on the panel 10. The PET substrate layer 34 is made of transparent PET film or PC film, and the thickness of the PET substrate layer 34 is 0.1mm.

[0140] The panel 10 prepared using the embodiments of this disclosure has a high-transmittance display function, allowing color film to pass through. The panel 10 is interactive, and the interactive interface requires high display clarity; the interactive interface is correspondingly set to the display area to meet this requirement. In the panel 10 described above, the organosilicon skin layer 301 on the surface of the panel 10 provides a soft touch and high light transmittance. The glass substrate is bonded with high-transmittance UV adhesive, which enhances light transmittance. After sealing the glass substrate 20, an interactive module can be added to the back of the panel 10, presenting a clearer interactive interface. Touch control is achieved through the pressure sensor of the interactive module.

[0141] Combination Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of the present disclosure provides a panel 10 for household appliances, including a glass substrate 20, a veneer layer 30, and a UV adhesive layer 40. The veneer layer 30 is disposed on the first surface 21 of the glass substrate 20, and the veneer layer 30 is a light-transmitting material; the UV adhesive layer 40 is disposed between the glass substrate 20 and the veneer layer 30 to connect the glass substrate 20 and the veneer layer 30.

[0142] The vegan leather layer 30 is a soft material with a leather-like texture and appearance, providing the panel 10 with a high-end feel and texture, as well as good durability, wear resistance, water resistance, and environmental friendliness. By setting the vegan leather layer 30 on the first surface 21 of the glass substrate 20, the soft touch of the panel 10 is enhanced, improving the user experience. In this embodiment, the vegan leather layer 30 is a light-transmitting material, and the glass substrate 20 is also transparent, allowing light to pass through both. A UV adhesive layer 40 is set between the glass substrate 20 and the vegan leather layer 30, achieving a stable connection through UV curing. This panel 10 structure not only retains the high transparency and hardness of the glass substrate 20 but also provides a high-end feel and texture through the vegan leather layer 30, solving the problem of the panel 10 having a hard touch.

[0143] Furthermore, the panel 10 of household appliances typically needs to display text or graphic information. The vegan leather layer 30, as the top layer of the panel 10, uses a light-transmitting material to achieve a transparent display effect, meeting the display / concealment requirements of the household appliance panel 10. Since the size of the household appliance panel 10 is relatively large, using glass as the substrate can also reduce production costs.

[0144] Optionally, the glass substrate 20 is tempered glass.

[0145] Tempered glass has high transparency, as well as high mechanical strength and thermal stability. When used as a glass substrate 20 in the panel 10 of household appliances, tempered glass effectively improves the strength and durability of the panel 10.

[0146] Optionally, combined Figure 7and Figure 8 As shown, the panel 10 for household appliances also includes a first screen printing layer 60 and a dyeing layer 80. The vegan skin layer 30, the first screen printing layer 60, the dyeing layer 80 and the UV adhesive layer 40 are arranged sequentially along the vegan skin layer toward the glass substrate.

[0147] A first screen printing layer 60 is disposed between the vegan skin layer 30 and the UV adhesive layer 40, providing rich texture decoration on the front side of the glass substrate 20. The first screen printing layer 60 can be used to achieve complex patterns and color designs, enhancing the appearance appeal of the panel 10. A dyeing layer 80 is disposed between the first screen printing layer 60 and the UV adhesive layer 40. The dyeing layer 80, disposed between the first screen printing layer 60 and the UV adhesive layer 40, provides the panel 10 with a rich selection of colors and personalized appearance designs. The dyeing layer 80 not only enhances the visual effect of the panel 10, but also achieves a multi-layered decorative effect through its combination with the first screen printing layer 60. This solves the problem of monotonous color patterns and enriches the visual layers of the panel 10.

[0148] Optionally, combined Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the panel 10 for household appliances also includes a second silkscreen layer 50 and a cover layer 70. The second silkscreen layer 50 is disposed on the second surface 22 of the glass substrate 20, and the cover layer 70 is disposed on the side of the second silkscreen layer 50 away from the glass substrate 20. The second surface 22 is disposed opposite to the first surface 21.

[0149] A second silkscreen layer 50 is provided on the second surface 22 of the glass substrate 20, which enables rich texture decoration functions on the back side of the glass substrate 20. The second silkscreen layer 50 can be used to realize complex patterns and color designs, enhancing the appearance appeal of the panel 10.

[0150] The surface layer 32 of the vegan skin layer 30 is far from the glass substrate 20. The glass substrate 20 is transparent, and the texture of the surface layer 32 and the second silkscreen layer 50 on the back of the glass substrate 20 can create a sense of space in the visual perception. By increasing the sense of layering visually, users can perceive the distance between different layers, thereby producing a three-dimensional visual effect and improving the aesthetics of the panel 10.

[0151] Panel 10 includes a vegan skin layer 30, a first silkscreen layer 60, a glass substrate 20, and a second silkscreen layer 50, with a textured surface layer 32 on the vegan skin layer 30. Thus, along the direction from the vegan skin layer 30 towards the glass substrate 20, panel 10 has a textured layer and two color layers formed by the first and second silkscreen layers 60, creating a blending and overlapping of brightness and color, enriching the visual layers of panel 10 and improving its visual effect.

[0152] The backing layer 70 is located on the side of the second silkscreen layer 50 away from the glass substrate 20. The backing layer is formed at the bottom layer of the panel 10, which can protect the second silkscreen layer 50 and enhance the overall durability of the panel 10.

[0153] This disclosure provides a household appliance, including a panel 10 prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments; or, a panel 10 for a household appliance as described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments.

[0154] The household appliances provided in this disclosure have all the beneficial effects of the panel 10 for household appliances as described in any of the above-disclosed embodiments because they include the panel 10 prepared by the preparation method described in any of the above-disclosed embodiments; or the panel 10 for household appliances as described in any of the above-disclosed embodiments.

[0155] The household appliances provided in this disclosure can be refrigerators, freezers, wine cabinets, air conditioners, etc. By using the preparation method described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments for the panel 10; or, as described in any one of the above-disclosed embodiments for the panel 10 used in household appliances, the household appliances not only have a more attractive appearance and provide a high-end feel and texture, but also have effectively improved performance, such as durability, wear resistance, and scratch resistance.

[0156] The foregoing description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the order of operation may vary. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included or substituted for parts and features of other embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a panel, characterized in that, include: A UV adhesive is applied to the first surface of the glass substrate to form a UV adhesive layer; The vegan leather layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer, and the vegan leather layer is made of a light-transmitting material. UV light is used to cure the UV adhesive layer so that the skin layer is bonded to the glass substrate to form the panel intermediate.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before bonding the vegan leather layer to the UV adhesive, the process also includes: A screen printing process is performed on the surface of the vegan skin layer facing the glass substrate to form the first screen printing layer; The vegan skin layer is impregnated to form a dye layer on the surface of the first screen printing layer facing the glass substrate.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before applying UV adhesive to the first surface of the glass substrate, the process also includes: A second screen printing process is performed on the second surface of the glass substrate to form a second screen printing layer, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface; A sealing treatment is performed on the surface of the second silkscreen layer that is away from the glass substrate to form a sealing layer.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The vegan skin layer includes a tactile layer, a surface layer, and a functional layer, which are arranged sequentially along the direction of the vegan skin layer towards the glass substrate. All three layers are transparent. The preparation method further includes bonding the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer. The surface layer is textured.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vegan skin layer also includes a PET substrate layer and an adhesive layer. The PET substrate layer is located on the side of the functional layer facing the glass substrate. The adhesive layer is located between the functional layer and the PET substrate layer to connect the functional layer and the PET substrate layer. Both the PET substrate layer and the adhesive layer are transparent materials. Laminating the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer includes: The surface of the PET substrate layer facing away from the adhesive layer is bonded to the UV adhesive layer.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vegan skin layer is an organosilicon vegan skin layer, the functional layer of the organosilicon vegan skin layer is a silicone rubber polymer functional layer, the silicone rubber polymer functional layer is a light-transmitting material, the UV adhesive layer is a silicone-containing UV adhesive layer, and bonding the vegan skin layer to the UV adhesive layer includes: The surface of the silicone rubber polymer functional layer facing away from the surface layer is bonded to the silicone UV adhesive layer.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the veneer ranges from 33 μm to 43 μm; and / or, The thickness of the functional layer ranges from 10μm to 15μm, the thickness of the surface layer ranges from 10μm to 15μm, and the thickness of the tactile layer ranges from 3μm to 4μm.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The material of the vegan skin layer includes one or more of silicone, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.

9. A panel for use in household appliances, characterized in that, include: Glass substrate; The vegan skin layer is located on the first surface of the glass substrate and is made of a light-transmitting material. A UV adhesive layer is placed between the glass substrate and the skin layer to connect the glass substrate and the skin layer.

10. The panel for a household appliance according to claim 9, characterized in that, The panel also includes a first screen printing layer and a dyeing layer, wherein the vegan skin layer, the first screen printing layer, the dyeing layer, and the UV adhesive layer are sequentially disposed along the direction of the vegan skin layer toward the glass substrate; and / or, The panel also includes a second silkscreen layer and a cover layer. The second silkscreen layer is disposed on the second surface of the glass substrate, and the cover layer is disposed on the side of the second silkscreen layer away from the glass substrate. The second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface.

11. A household appliance, characterized in that, include: A panel prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8; or, The panel for a household appliance as described in claim 9 or 10.

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