Sunroof and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a sunroof, which comprises a first light-transmitting piece, a first photovoltaic part and a second photovoltaic part, the first photovoltaic part is arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting piece, and the second photovoltaic part is arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting piece; the first photovoltaic part and the second photovoltaic part are arranged along the thickness direction or the radial direction of the first light-transmitting piece. By simultaneously arranging the first photovoltaic part and the second photovoltaic part and arranging the first photovoltaic part and the second photovoltaic part along the thickness direction or the radial direction of the first light-transmitting piece, solar energy can be fully converted into electric energy, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic part is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicles, and more particularly to a sunroof and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Car sunroofs can effectively circulate air inside the car, increasing the intake of fresh air and bringing a healthy and comfortable experience to passengers. At the same time, car windows can also provide a wider view, making people inside the car feel more comfortable.

[0003] To fully utilize resources and save energy, solar cells can be integrated into car sunroofs to create solar sunroofs. However, in related technologies, the solar cells installed in car sunroofs have low power generation efficiency and cannot fully utilize solar energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the aforementioned technologies. Therefore, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a skylight comprising a first light-transmitting element, a first photovoltaic element, and a second photovoltaic element, wherein the first photovoltaic element is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element, and the second photovoltaic element is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element; the first photovoltaic element and the second photovoltaic element are arranged along the thickness direction or radially of the first light-transmitting element.

[0005] By simultaneously setting up a first photovoltaic unit and a second photovoltaic unit, and arranging the first photovoltaic unit and the second photovoltaic unit along the thickness direction or radial direction of the first light-transmitting element, solar energy can be fully converted into electrical energy, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic unit.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when a sunroof is applied to a vehicle, at least a portion of the second photovoltaic unit is positioned below the first photovoltaic unit in the vehicle height direction.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the sunroof further includes optical elements for allowing external light to be irradiated onto the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit via the optical elements.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the optical element is placed on the side of the second photovoltaic section near the light-transmitting element, and the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic section faces the optical element.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes:

[0010] The first light-converting structure is placed between the optical element and the second photovoltaic element.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a second light-transmitting element, which is positioned above the first photovoltaic element and the first light-transmitting element.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the second light-transmitting element is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the second light-transmitting element is the same as that of the first light-transmitting element.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a second light-converting structure, which is disposed between the second light-transmitting element and the first photovoltaic element.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a stop portion, which is located below the first light-transmitting element and the optical element.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes an electrochromic part, which is positioned below the light cutoff part, the first light-transmitting element, and the optical element.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a fixing part for fixing the first photovoltaic part and / or the second photovoltaic part.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, one embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle including the sunroof described above. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a skylight structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a sunroof structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1. First light-transmitting element; 2. First photovoltaic unit; 3. Second photovoltaic unit; 4. Optical element; 5. First light-converting structure; 6. Second light-converting structure; 7. Second light-transmitting element; 8. Cut-off part; 9. Electrochromic part; 10. Fixing part; 11. Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates an embodiment of the skylight proposed in this invention.

[0025] like Figures 1-2As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight includes a first light-transmitting element 1, a first photovoltaic element 2, and a second photovoltaic element 3. The first photovoltaic element 2 is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1, and the second photovoltaic element 3 is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1. The first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 are arranged along the thickness direction or radial direction of the first light-transmitting element 1.

[0026] Specifically, both the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 are configured as solar cells. The first photovoltaic unit 2 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1 and forms a closed structure. The second photovoltaic unit 3 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1 and forms a closed structure. The first photovoltaic unit 2 can be configured as a closed solar cell string composed of multiple solar cells connected in series and arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1. The second photovoltaic unit 3 can also be configured as a closed solar cell string composed of multiple solar cells connected in series and arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1. The solar cells can be thin-film batteries such as crystalline silicon bifacial cells (TOPCon, HJT, PERC, etc.), back contact cells (TOPCon+BC, HJT+BC, PERC+BC, etc.), and perovskite cells. By arranging the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1, the light passing through the first light-transmitting element 1 is not blocked by the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3, while the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 can convert solar energy into electrical energy. In some embodiments, the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 are arranged along the thickness direction of the first light-transmitting element 1, meaning that one of the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 is at least partially blocked by the other, preventing light from fully illuminating the blocked element. This arrangement ensures that the light-transmitting area of ​​the first light-transmitting element 1 is not reduced due to the presence of two photovoltaic elements. In some other embodiments, the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 are arranged radially along the first light-transmitting element 1, where radial refers to the direction of the line connecting any point on the periphery of the surface of the first light-transmitting element 1 to the center of the surface of the first light-transmitting element 1. That is, one of the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 surrounds the other. This arrangement ensures that both the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 can be illuminated by light. For first light-transmitting elements 1 of the same size, the light-transmitting area of ​​the first light-transmitting element 1 is smaller when the first photovoltaic element 2 and the second photovoltaic element 3 are arranged radially than when they are arranged along the thickness of the first light-transmitting element 1. In some embodiments, the material of the first light-transmitting element 1 is a transparent organic polymer, such as EVA, POE, or EPE.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, when a sunroof is applied to a vehicle, at least a portion of the second photovoltaic unit 3 is positioned below the first photovoltaic unit 2 in the vehicle height direction.

[0028] Specifically, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the second photovoltaic unit 3 is disposed below the first photovoltaic unit 2. This arrangement allows the first light-transmitting element 1 to maximize its light-transmitting area while simultaneously utilizing the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The portion of the second photovoltaic unit 3 disposed below the first photovoltaic unit 2 is blocked by the first photovoltaic unit 2, preventing the blocked portion of the second photovoltaic unit 3 from receiving sunlight. In some other embodiments, the second photovoltaic unit 3 may be completely blocked by the first photovoltaic unit 2. In this case, some light reflection or refraction devices are required to enable the second photovoltaic unit 3 to receive light and generate electrical energy.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the sunroof also includes an optical element 4, through which external light passes to the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3.

[0030] Specifically, when the second photovoltaic unit 3 is positioned below the first photovoltaic unit 2, part or all of the second photovoltaic unit 3 may not receive sunlight. In this case, the second photovoltaic unit 3 cannot convert solar energy into electrical energy. Therefore, an optical element 4 is provided. The optical element 4 is arranged around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1. The optical element 4 can be a reflector, a refracting prism, or any component capable of changing the direction of light propagation. Light directly strikes the optical element 4, and after passing through it, its propagation direction changes, striking the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3. This allows the portion of the second photovoltaic unit 3 that is blocked by the first photovoltaic unit 2 to be exposed to sunlight and convert solar energy into electrical energy. In some other embodiments, light can also strike the optical element 4 from other positions and then propagate to the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3. The orientation of the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3 varies depending on the placement of the optical element 4.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the optical element 4 is placed on the side of the second photovoltaic part 3 near the first light-transmitting element 1, and the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic part 3 faces the optical element 4.

[0032] Specifically, when a sunroof is applied to a vehicle, light can only enter the vehicle through the first light-transmitting element 1 at the top of the vehicle. The optical element 4 is positioned adjacent to the first light-transmitting element 1, that is, the optical element 4 is placed on the side of the second photovoltaic unit closer to the first light-transmitting element 1. This arrangement makes it easy to assemble the optical element 4, the light-transmitting element, and the second photovoltaic unit 3. There is no need to set the position of the optical element 4 in other locations of the sunroof, and the space occupied is small.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a first light-converting structure 5, which is disposed between the optical element 4 and the second photovoltaic element.

[0034] Specifically, a light-converting structure is a technical device that alters the wavelength, direction, intensity, or distribution characteristics of light through physical or chemical means. The first light-converting structure 5 converts ultraviolet light with wavelengths below 400nm into visible blue light. This visible blue light illuminates the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3, thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the second photovoltaic unit 3. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first light-converting structure 5 is disposed between the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3, forming a cavity between the first photovoltaic unit 2, the second photovoltaic unit 3, and the optical element 4. The first light-converting structure 5 is disposed within this cavity, thus simultaneously bonding the first photovoltaic unit 2, the second photovoltaic unit 3, and the optical element 4.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a second light-transmitting element 7, which is positioned above the first photovoltaic part 2 and the first light-transmitting element 1.

[0036] Specifically, the second light-transmitting element 7 is positioned above the first light-transmitting element 1 and the first photovoltaic unit 2. Sunlight shines on the second light-transmitting element 7 and then onto the first light-transmitting element 1. Simultaneously, sunlight shines on the first photovoltaic unit 2 through the second light-transmitting element 7. Meanwhile, the second photovoltaic unit 3 and optical element 4 are also positioned below the second light-transmitting element 7. After passing through the second light-transmitting element 7, light strikes the optical element 4, changes direction, and then passes through the first light-converting structure 5 before reaching the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit 3. The second light-transmitting element 7 is made of high-transmittance glass or high-transmittance composite material, with a thickness of 1-5 mm and a light transmittance of over 90%, maximizing light exposure on the surface of the first photovoltaic unit 2 and ensuring sufficient entry into the skylight lighting area. The refractive index of the second light-transmitting element 7 is the same as that of the first light-transmitting element 1.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a second light-converting structure 6, which is disposed between the second light-transmitting element 7 and the first photovoltaic element 3.

[0038] Specifically, sunlight contains ultraviolet rays with wavelengths below 400nm. If this light is directly received by the first photovoltaic unit 3 after shining onto the second light-transmitting element 7, the first photovoltaic unit will be exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time, damaging its internal structure and accelerating its lifespan. The second light-converting structure 6 converts ultraviolet rays with wavelengths below 400nm into visible blue light. This visible blue light shines onto the light-receiving surface of the first photovoltaic unit 2, protecting the first photovoltaic unit 3 and extending its lifespan without sacrificing its photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, since the second light-converting structure 6 is positioned between the second light-transmitting element 7 and the first photovoltaic unit 2, it simultaneously bonds both components. The material of the second light-converting structure 6 is a transparent organic polymer with added ultraviolet light converters, such as EVA, POE, or EPE.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a stop portion 8, which is positioned below the first light-transmitting element 1 and the optical element 4.

[0040] Specifically, since the optical element 4 is located on the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1, the cut-off part 8 is arranged parallel to the bottom of the first light-transmitting element 1 and the optical element 4. Since there are still some ultraviolet rays with wavelengths below 400nm after the light passes through the first light-transmitting element 1 and the second light-transmitting element 7, the cut-off part 8 can absorb the ultraviolet rays with wavelengths below 400nm, which can protect the health of the people inside the car and delay the aging of the objects inside the car. The cut-off part 8 also serves to bond the optical element 4 and the first light-transmitting element 1. The material of the cut-off part 8 is a transparent organic polymer with added ultraviolet absorbers, such as EVA, POE, and EPE.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes an electrochromic part 9, which is positioned below the light cutoff part 8, the first light-transmitting element 1, and the optical element 4.

[0042] Specifically, when a sunroof is applied to a vehicle, the electrochromic section 9 is the outermost layer of the backlight surface of the automotive photovoltaic sunroof. Based on the reversible redox reaction of the electrochromic material under an applied electric field, the electrochromic section 9 alters the optical properties of the material through ion migration, thereby changing the light transmittance of the electrochromic section 9 and protecting the privacy of the vehicle's interior. The electrical energy generated by the first photovoltaic section 2 and the second photovoltaic section 3 can be directly used to the electrochromic section 9 to change the light transmittance of the sunroof.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight also includes a fixing part 10 for fixing the first photovoltaic part 2 and / or the second photovoltaic part 3.

[0044] Specifically, the positions of the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 need to be fixed by the fixing part 10 so that the position and angle of the light-receiving surfaces of the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the precise structures of the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 require a certain degree of protection from the fixing part 10. Therefore, the fixing part 10 is located on the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element 1 and is connected to both the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3. The fixing part 10 is located on the side of the first photovoltaic unit 2 and the second photovoltaic unit 3 away from the first light-transmitting element 1. The material and structure of the fixing part 10 are not limited here.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the skylight further includes a frame 11, which is disposed on the outer periphery of the second light-transmitting element 7 and the electrochromic part 9. The frame 11, the second light-transmitting element 7 and the electrochromic part 9 form a receiving cavity. The fixing part 10, the optical element 4, the first light-transmitting element 1, the first light-converting structure 5, the second light-converting structure 6, the first photovoltaic part 2, the second photovoltaic part 3 and the light cutoff part 8 are all disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skylight, characterized in that, include: First light-transmitting component; A first photovoltaic unit is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element; A second photovoltaic unit is disposed around the outer periphery of the first light-transmitting element; The first photovoltaic element and the second photovoltaic element are arranged along the thickness direction or radial direction of the first light-transmitting element.

2. The skylight according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the sunroof is applied to a vehicle, at least a portion of the second photovoltaic unit is positioned below the first photovoltaic unit in the vehicle height direction.

3. The skylight according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes optical elements for allowing external light to shine onto the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit.

4. The skylight according to claim 3, characterized in that, The optical element is placed on the side of the second photovoltaic unit near the light-transmitting element, with the light-receiving surface of the second photovoltaic unit facing the optical element.

5. The skylight according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A first light-converting structure is placed between the optical element and the second photovoltaic element.

6. The skylight according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second light-transmitting element, which is positioned above the first photovoltaic element and the first light-transmitting element.

7. The skylight according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the second light-transmitting element is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

8. The skylight according to claim 6, characterized in that, The refractive index of the second light-transmitting element is the same as that of the first light-transmitting element.

9. The skylight according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second light-converting structure, which is placed between the second light-transmitting element and the first photovoltaic element.

10. The skylight according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a cut-off portion, which is located below the first light-transmitting element and the optical element.

11. The skylight according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes an electrochromic part, which is located below the light cutoff part, the first light-transmitting element and the optical element.

12. The skylight according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing part for fixing the first photovoltaic part and / or the second photovoltaic part.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the skylight as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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