A spider-web coupling bionic polyhedral thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, relating to the field of new energy vehicle component technology. It includes a spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing unit, comprising multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes arranged from the outside in and multiple spoke-shaped thin-walled structures distributed along the circumference. The cross-sectional dimensions of the similar energy-absorbing tubes gradually decrease from the outside in, and they are nested sequentially from the outside in. The multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes share a common geometric center, and the spoke-shaped thin-walled structures radiate outward from the geometric center, sequentially connecting the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes. This structure exhibits excellent energy absorption, with minimal impact force fluctuations during collisions. It possesses advantages such as high specific energy absorption, high pressure crushing efficiency, and good deformation modes, effectively protecting passenger safety and the integrity of the vehicle structure, thus meeting the collision avoidance requirements of new energy vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle component technology, specifically to a spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in global car ownership, road traffic accidents are becoming increasingly frequent. In a collision, the front longitudinal beams and energy-absorbing boxes of a vehicle absorb and disperse more than half of the impact energy through deformation methods such as crushing, folding, and fracture, making them key components for ensuring occupant safety. However, with the increasing speed of travel and the urgent need for lightweight vehicles, the industry has placed higher demands on the crashworthiness and lightweight performance of energy-absorbing boxes. Therefore, designing lightweight energy-absorbing structures with high energy absorption efficiency has become a core issue that major automotive companies and related fields urgently need to address.

[0003] Among existing energy-absorbing structures, thin-walled energy-absorbing structures are widely used in key passive safety components such as automotive crash beams and energy-absorbing boxes due to their excellent mechanical properties and lightweight advantages. Especially for new energy vehicles, the unique characteristics of their batteries lead to a significant reduction in the energy-absorbing space during a collision. This places more stringent demands on the crashworthiness of energy-absorbing structures, and traditional thin-walled structures are no longer adequate to meet these specific requirements, failing to provide sufficient protection for new energy batteries and occupants.

[0004] More importantly, existing energy-absorbing structures not only struggle to meet the specific collision protection requirements of new energy vehicles, but also exhibit significant shortcomings in core performance indicators. Specifically, they typically cannot simultaneously meet the three key requirements of high specific energy absorption (SEA), high pressure collapsing efficiency (CFE), and stable and effective deformation modes, thus failing to provide sufficiently reliable passive safety protection for new energy vehicles and limiting their application in the new energy vehicle sector. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure. This structure has good energy absorption properties, small impact force fluctuations during the collision phase, and advantages such as high specific energy absorption, high pressure crushing efficiency, and good deformation mode. It can more effectively protect the personal safety of passengers and the integrity of the vehicle structure, and meet the collision protection requirements of new energy vehicles.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure includes a spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing unit. The spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing unit includes multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes arranged from the outside to the inside and multiple spoke thin-walled structures distributed along the circumference. The cross-sectional dimensions of the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes gradually decrease from the outside to the inside and are nested sequentially from the outside to the inside. The multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes share a common geometric center, and the spoke thin-walled structures radiate outward from the geometric center, sequentially connecting the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes.

[0007] The working principle of the above-mentioned spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is as follows: Multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes are nested from the outside to the inside, forming a similar structure. The spider web-like bionic unit cell absorbs and disperses the impact energy. The spider web-like bionic unit cell absorbs energy by stacking and deforming to form wrinkles, which can quickly absorb energy. The spider web-like frame is formed by combining multiple circumferential similar energy-absorbing tubes with multiple radial spoke thin walls, which further improves the energy absorption effect. Based on the spider web-coupled bionic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, the impact energy is absorbed and dispersed through deformation methods such as crushing and folding, achieving high specific energy absorption, high load efficiency and stable deformation mode.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the invention further includes an outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, wherein the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is multiple, and the multiple spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are disposed inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. When the spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is subjected to external impact, wrinkles first appear at both ends of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. During the deformation process, it exhibits a progressive symmetrical folding from both ends towards the middle. Simultaneously, multiple spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units inside absorb and disperse the impact energy. The spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units undergo stacking deformation to form wrinkles, which can quickly absorb energy. The interaction between the various spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units increases the number of wrinkles generated during the deformation process, making them more uniform, reducing the fluctuation of impact force, and significantly improving energy absorption. By combining multiple circumferentially similar energy-absorbing tubes with multiple radially spoked thin-walled structures to form a spiderweb-like frame, the energy absorption effect is further improved. The spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure absorbs and disperses impact energy through deformation methods such as crushing and folding, achieving high specific energy absorption, high load efficiency, and stable deformation mode.

[0009] Preferably, the spoke thin wall is a curved spoke thin wall, and in each spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit, the outermost similar energy-absorbing tube is the outer similar energy-absorbing tube. By setting the spoke thin wall to a curved shape, i.e., the cross-section of the spoke thin wall is arc-shaped, with a curved profile, this structure allows the spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit to form an integrally coupled force transmission network, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit.

[0010] Preferably, the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube and the similar energy-absorbing tube have circular cross-sections. Multiple spider-web bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. The outer similar energy-absorbing tube is connected to the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, and adjacent spider-web bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units are interconnected through their respective outer similar energy-absorbing tubes. In this structure, connecting the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube to the spider-web bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units, and connecting the spider-web bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units to each other, can disperse impact energy, allowing the individual spider-web bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units to interact and improve the energy absorption effect.

[0011] Preferably, the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is connected to the spoke thin wall to form a node. In each spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit, at least one node is connected to the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. In two adjacent spider web bionic unit-absorbing units, one node of one spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit is connected to one node of the other spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit. Using this structure, the interaction effect between the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube and the spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit can be further improved, as can the interaction effect between two adjacent spider web bionic unit-absorbing units, thereby dispersing impact energy to a greater extent and enhancing the energy absorption effect.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube is a first polygon, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube is a second polygon, and the cross-section of the curved spoke thin-wall is a curve. The number of curved spoke thin-walls is the same as the number of sides of the second polygon. The curve connects the vertices of multiple second polygons sequentially from the inside out. Except for the outermost second polygon, the vertices of the remaining second polygons are located at the equidistant points of the curve. By setting up polygonal outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tubes and similar energy-absorbing tubes, and connecting the curve with the vertices of the second polygons, the structure becomes more stable, improving structural strength and energy absorption effect. The vertices of the second polygons located at the equidistant points of the curve make the entire structure more evenly stressed, producing uniform plastic wrinkles and ensuring stable energy absorption.

[0013] Preferably, both the first and second polygons are equilateral triangles; the cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube is a first-order equilateral triangle, and the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order equilateral triangle; the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is three; the three spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the three corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, one vertex of the second-order equilateral triangle coincides with the vertex of the first-order equilateral triangle, and two sides of the second-order equilateral triangle coincide with two sides of the first-order equilateral triangle. In the above structure, the side ribs of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube are connected to the side ribs of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, and the two sides of the similar energy-absorbing tube are connected to the two sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. Combined with the equilateral triangle, the spider web-coupled bionic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure has high strength and is relatively stable. Furthermore, the three spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the three corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, forming a large space at the center of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, which can provide stacking space, improve energy absorption effect, and simplify the structure.

[0014] Preferably, both the first and second polygons are squares; the number of spiderweb bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is four, and the four spiderweb bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are symmetrically distributed vertically and horizontally in the four corner regions inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. The sides of two adjacent outer similar energy-absorbing tubes are connected to each other, and two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tubes are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. By adopting a square structure, the quadrilateral spiderweb bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit has a larger internal space. Under collision loads, the interaction between units (similar energy-absorbing tubes) at each level of the structure can induce more complete stacking deformation, producing more numerous and more uniformly distributed plastic wrinkles, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0015] Preferably, both the first and second polygons are regular hexagons; the number of spiderweb bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is six, and the six spiderweb bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the six corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube; two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube; the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order regular hexagon, and in two adjacent second-order regular hexagons, the vertex of one second-order regular hexagon coincides with the vertex of the other second-order regular hexagon. In the above structure, the use of hexagons has more corner regions and better geometric symmetry, so its plastic hinge formation density is higher and the fold stacking is denser. When the spiderweb-coupled bionic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is subjected to axial impact, its fold distribution is more uniform, and the external impact force is transmitted step by step through the end faces of the similar energy-absorbing tubes in contact with each other in adjacent layers. After passing through multiple buffer transitions in the gaps between each layer, the impact force is effectively attenuated, thereby reducing the impact intensity on the interior of the structure.

[0016] Preferably, the spoke thin wall is a straight spoke thin wall. By setting a straight spoke thin wall, that is, the cross-section of the spoke thin wall is a straight profile, i.e., a straight line; this structure can also enable the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit to form an integrally coupled force transmission network, which can improve the energy absorption effect of the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit.

[0017] Preferably, the space between two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes is a hierarchical space, and connecting units are provided in each hierarchical space. By setting connecting units, two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes can be connected, thereby constructing a denser multicellular structure, enhancing the wrinkle generation effect, and thus improving the energy absorption effect.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting unit is a partition rib, which is arranged according to different equal division rules in each level of space; one end of the partition rib is connected to one of the similar energy-absorbing tubes, and the other end is connected to another similar energy-absorbing tube. By setting the partition rib, a denser multi-cell structure can be constructed, exhibiting a stronger wrinkle generation effect during axial compression; this allows the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit to form more short-wavelength plastic hinges in the early stage of crushing, forming a complex nested buckling fold with multi-directional cooperation. In the middle and late stages of crushing, the wrinkle density is significantly increased, the deformation distribution is more uniform, effectively suppressing local stress concentration and instability, and enriching the energy dissipation path, thereby achieving a more stable load response and higher specific energy absorption characteristics.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting unit is a secondary energy absorber tube, and the cross-sections of the similar energy absorber tube and the secondary energy absorber tube are regular hexagons. The vertex of the regular hexagon of the secondary energy absorber tube is connected to the midpoint of the side of the regular hexagon of the outer similar energy absorber tube; the vertex of the regular hexagon of the inner similar energy absorber tube is connected to the midpoint of the side of the hexagon of the secondary energy absorber tube. In the above structure, the side edge of the secondary energy absorber tube is connected to the middle of the side surface of the outer similar energy absorber tube, and the side edge of the inner similar energy absorber tube is connected to the middle of the side surface of the secondary energy absorber tube; the straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of the similar energy absorber tubes in sequence; based on this, radially symmetrically arranged partition ribs are formed on the side surface of the secondary energy absorber tube, dividing the side surface of the similar energy absorber tube into multiple triangular microcells, thereby improving the energy absorption effect.

[0020] Preferably, the connecting unit is a honeycomb unit, and there are multiple honeycomb units distributed in a hierarchical space. Multiple honeycomb units are also provided inside the innermost similar energy-absorbing tube. By setting the honeycomb units, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit becomes a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of spider web and honeycomb. Through the synergistic constraint of the honeycomb units and the spoke thin walls, the overall stiffness and stability are improved, and a multi-directional synergistic progressive buckling mode can be formed during the crushing process.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting unit is a secondary energy-absorbing tube, and a secondary energy-absorbing tube is also provided inside the similar energy-absorbing tube located in the innermost layer. The spoke thin wall has dendritic ribs on the corresponding section in the outermost hierarchical space. By coupling the spider web with the dendritic ribs, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the dendritic ribs, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0022] Preferably, multiple rhomboid microcell units are arranged on the similar energy-absorbing tube. By setting the rhomboid microcell units and coupling them with the spider web, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the rhomboid shape, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0023] Preferably, the connecting unit is an elliptical microcell unit, with multiple elliptical microcell units of the same number in each spatial level. These multiple elliptical microcell units are evenly distributed along the circumference, and in the radial direction, several elliptical microcell units connect to form a lotus root porous cell structure. In this structure, while maintaining lightweight design, the overall structure is more compact, which is beneficial for improving structural rigidity. Under impact loads, its energy absorption efficiency and deformation resistance during deformation are significantly improved.

[0024] Preferably, the connecting unit includes a secondary energy-absorbing tube and a plurality of starfruit-shaped microcell units arranged on the secondary energy-absorbing tube; the starfruit-shaped microcell units connect two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes. By setting starfruit-shaped microcell units and coupling them with a spider web, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling between the spider web and the starfruit shape, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0025] Preferably, the connecting unit is a concave quadrilateral microcell unit, which includes ">" shaped ribs and "<" shaped ribs, symmetrical to each other. The number of concave quadrilateral microcell units gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in each spatial hierarchy. Using this structure, a concave quadrilateral structure with a negative Poisson's ratio effect is formed. Under impact loads, the concave quadrilateral structure will contract inwards, making the folds tighter and enhancing the structure's energy absorption efficiency and energy absorption ratio.

[0026] Preferably, the connecting unit includes multiple connecting ribs and multiple windmill-shaped microcell units. The multiple connecting ribs divide the hierarchical space into multiple subspaces, and the multiple windmill-shaped microcell units are arranged one-to-one in the multiple subspaces. In the above structure, by setting the windmill-shaped microcell units, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the windmill, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of this invention consists of multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes nested from the outside to the inside. The spiderweb-like frame is formed by multiple radial spoke thin-walled combinations, giving the structure excellent energy absorption. During the collision phase, the impact force fluctuation is small, and it has advantages such as high specific energy absorption, high pressure crushing efficiency, and good deformation mode. It can more effectively protect the personal safety of passengers and the integrity of the vehicle structure, meeting the collision protection requirements of new energy vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figures 1-2 This is a schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figures 3-4 This is a schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figures 5-6 This is a schematic diagram of the third specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in this invention.

[0031] Figures 7-8This is a schematic diagram of the fourth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in this invention.

[0032] Figures 9-10 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in this invention.

[0033] Figures 11-12 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in this invention.

[0034] Figures 13-14 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figures 15-16 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figures 17-18 This is a schematic diagram of the ninth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figures 19-20 This is a schematic diagram of the tenth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figures 21-22 This is a schematic diagram of the eleventh specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figures 23-24 This is a schematic diagram of the twelfth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figures 25-26 This is a schematic diagram of the thirteenth specific embodiment of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 27 The diagram shows the wrinkling deformation process of different spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures under axial impact in this invention.

[0042] Figure 28 The diagram shows the wrinkling deformation process of different spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures under axial impact in this invention.

[0043] Figure 29 The diagram shows the wrinkling deformation process of different spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures under axial impact in this invention.

[0044] Figure 30 These are the force-displacement curves for axial impact of twelve different biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures based on spider web coupling in this invention.

[0045] Figure 31 These are the energy absorption curves for axial impact of twelve different biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures based on spider web coupling in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0047] Example 1 See Figures 1-2 This embodiment discloses a spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, including a spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing unit. The spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing unit includes multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 arranged from the outside to the inside and multiple spoke thin walls 2 distributed along the circumferential direction. The cross-sectional dimensions of the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 gradually decrease from the outside to the inside, and the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 are nested sequentially from the outside to the inside. The multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 share a geometric center 3, and the spoke thin walls 2 radiate outward from the geometric center 3, sequentially connecting the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. Multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 are nested from the outside to the inside, forming a similar structure. The spider web-like bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit absorbs and disperses the impact energy. The spider web-like bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit undergoes stacking deformation to form wrinkles, which can quickly absorb energy. The spider web-like frame is formed by combining multiple circumferential similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 with multiple radial spoke thin walls 2, which further improves the energy absorption effect. Based on the spider web-coupled bionic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, the impact energy is absorbed and dispersed through deformation methods such as crushing and folding, achieving high specific energy absorption, high load efficiency and stable deformation mode.

[0048] Based on this, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure also includes an outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. The number of spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing units is multiple, and multiple spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing units are arranged inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. When the spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is subjected to external impact, wrinkles first appear at both ends of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. During the deformation process, it exhibits a progressive symmetrical folding from both ends to the middle. At the same time, multiple spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units inside absorb and disperse the impact energy. The spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units undergo stacking deformation to form wrinkles, which can quickly absorb energy. The interaction between the various spiderweb-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units increases the number of wrinkles generated during the deformation process, making them more uniform, reducing the fluctuation of impact force, and significantly improving energy absorption. By combining multiple circumferentially similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 with multiple radially spoke thin-walled structures 2 to form a spiderweb-like frame, the energy absorption effect is further improved. The spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure absorbs and disperses impact energy through deformation methods such as crushing and folding, achieving high specific energy absorption, high load efficiency, and stable deformation mode.

[0049] See Figures 1-2 The spoke thin wall 2 is a curved spoke thin wall. In each spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit, the outermost similar energy absorption tube 1 is the outer similar energy absorption tube. By setting the curved spoke thin wall, that is, the cross-section of the spoke thin wall 2 is arc-shaped, with a curved outline; this structure allows the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit to form an integrally coupled force transmission network, which can improve the energy absorption effect of the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit.

[0050] See Figures 1-2 The outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 and the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 both have circular cross-sections. Multiple spiderweb-like bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. The outer similar energy-absorbing tube is connected to the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4, and adjacent spiderweb-like bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units are interconnected through their respective outer similar energy-absorbing tubes. In this structure, connecting the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 to the spiderweb-like bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units, and connecting the spiderweb-like bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units to each other, can disperse impact energy, allowing the individual spiderweb-like bionic unit-cell energy-absorbing units to interact and improve the energy absorption effect.

[0051] See Figures 1-2The outer similar energy-absorbing tube is connected to the spoke thin wall 2 to form a node. In each spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit, at least one node is connected to the outer thin wall energy-absorbing tube 4. In two adjacent spider web bionic unit-absorbing units, one node of one spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit is connected to one node of the other spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit. Using this structure, the interaction effect between the outer thin wall energy-absorbing tube 4 and the spider web bionic unit-absorbing unit can be further improved, as can the interaction effect between two adjacent spider web bionic unit-absorbing units, thereby dispersing impact energy to a greater extent and enhancing the energy absorption effect.

[0052] See Figures 1-2 The outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 has a diameter of 32mm, a wall thickness of 0.5mm, and an overall structural height of 100mm. The specific design method of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is as follows: First, the circular cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is a basic circle, and the circular cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is a secondary circular sub-unit. Six secondary circular sub-units are evenly arranged in a centrally symmetrical distribution within the basic circular cross-section. Then, for each secondary circular sub-unit, a spiderweb-like curved spoke thin-wall is constructed. Starting from the geometric center 3, multiple arc-shaped inner ribs are generated radially outward. These arc-shaped inner ribs constitute the curved spoke thin-wall, allowing the spiderweb biomimetic unit cell energy-absorbing unit to form a self-similar nested spiderweb cell. Finally, each spiderweb biomimetic unit cell energy-absorbing unit is nodally connected to the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 to form an overall coupled force transmission network, completing the construction of the spiderweb-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure. In this embodiment, the parameters such as the secondary circular sub-units, wall thickness, and number of arc-shaped inner ribs of the spiderweb biomimetic unit cell can be adjusted according to actual energy absorption requirements.

[0053] See Figures 1-2 The working principle of the above-mentioned spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is as follows: Multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 are nested from the outside to the inside, forming a similar structure. When the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is subjected to external impact, wrinkles first appear at both ends of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. During the deformation process, it exhibits a progressive symmetrical folding from both ends to the middle. At the same time, multiple spider web-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units inside absorb and disperse the impact energy. The spider web-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units undergo stacking deformation to form wrinkles, which can quickly absorb energy. The interaction between the various spider web-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units increases the number of wrinkles generated during the deformation process, making them more uniform, reducing the fluctuation of impact force, and significantly improving energy absorption. By combining multiple circumferential similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 with multiple radial spoke thin-walled tubes 2 to form a spider web-like frame, the energy absorption effect is further improved. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure absorbs and disperses impact energy through deformation methods such as crushing and folding, achieving high specific energy absorption, high load efficiency, and stable deformation mode.

[0054] Example 2 See Figures 3-4 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the cross-sections of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 and the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 are both polygons. Specifically, the cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is a first polygon, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is a second polygon, and the cross-section of the curved spoke thin-wall is a curve. The number of curved spoke thin-walls is the same as the number of sides of the second polygon. The curve connects the vertices of multiple second polygons sequentially from the inside out. Except for the outermost second polygon, the vertices of the remaining second polygons are located at the equidistant points of the curve. By setting the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 and the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 as polygons, and connecting the curve with the vertices of the second polygons, the structure becomes more stable, improving structural strength and energy absorption effect. The vertices of the second polygons located at the equidistant points of the curve ensure a more balanced stress distribution throughout the structure, generating uniform plastic folds and guaranteeing stable energy absorption.

[0055] See Figures 3-4Both the first and second polygons are equilateral triangles; the cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is a first-order equilateral triangle, and the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order equilateral triangle; the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is three; the three spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the three corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4, one vertex of the second-order equilateral triangle coincides with the vertex of the first-order equilateral triangle, and two sides of the second-order equilateral triangle coincide with two sides of the first-order equilateral triangle; the side length of the first-order equilateral triangle is twice the side length of the second-order equilateral triangle. In the above structure, the side ribs of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube are connected to the side ribs of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4, and the two sides of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 are connected to the two sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. Combined with the equilateral triangle, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure has high strength and is relatively stable. The three spider web-inspired single-cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the three corner areas of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4, and a large space area is formed at the center of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4, which can provide stacking space, improve the energy absorption effect, and make the structure simpler.

[0056] See Figures 3-4 In this embodiment, there are three similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. Except for the outermost second polygon, the vertices of the remaining two second polygons are located at the two trisection points of the curve. The two trisection points divide the curve into three equal segments, including the two endpoints and the two trisection points. Thus, the curve has a total of four division points. The geometric center 3 is located at the inner endpoint, and the vertex of the outer second polygon is located at the outer endpoint.

[0057] See Figures 3-4 The circumcircle diameter of the first-order equilateral triangle is 32mm, and the wall thickness of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is 0.5mm; the overall structural height is 100mm; the specific design method of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is as follows: First, the midpoints of each side of the first-order equilateral triangle are taken and connected sequentially, dividing the first-order equilateral triangle into four congruent sub-triangles. Then, the three outer sub-triangles are the second-order equilateral triangles. For each of the three outer sub-triangles, the geometric center of each sub-triangle is taken as the starting point and the corresponding vertex as the ending point, and three arcs with a radius of 15mm are drawn. These arcs are the curves mentioned above. Finally, the resulting arcs are divided into three equal parts, and the points of division are connected sequentially to complete the construction of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure. The spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit of this embodiment can also adjust the triangle order (number of second-order equilateral triangles), arc radius, and wall thickness according to actual energy absorption requirements.

[0058] Example 3 See Figures 5-6 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in Embodiment 2, except that the first polygon and the second polygon are both squares. There are four spiderweb biomimetic unit-cell energy-absorbing units, symmetrically distributed vertically and horizontally in the four corner regions inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. The sides of two adjacent outer similar energy-absorbing tubes (vertical and horizontal) are interconnected, and two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tubes are connected to two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4. By using a square structure, the quadrilateral spiderweb biomimetic unit-cell energy-absorbing unit has a larger internal space. Under collision loads, the interaction between units at each level (similar energy-absorbing tubes 1) can induce more complete stacking deformation, producing more numerous and more evenly distributed plastic wrinkles, thus improving the energy absorption effect.

[0059] See Figures 5-6 The first polygon has a circumcircle diameter of 32mm, a wall thickness of 0.5mm, and an overall structural height of 100mm. The cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is a first-order square, and the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order square. The specific design method of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is as follows: First, connect the midpoints of opposite sides of the first-order square to form a cross shape, thus dividing the first polygon into four congruent sub-squares, which are the second-order squares. The cross shape is further divided into four quadrants. Then, for each sub-square located in each quadrant, take the geometric center point of each sub-square as the starting point and the corresponding vertex as the ending point, and draw four arcs with a radius of 15mm, which are the curves mentioned above. Finally, divide the obtained arcs into three equal parts and take the points of division, and connect the points of division in sequence to complete the construction of the spider web coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure.

[0060] Example 4 See Figures 7-8The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 2, except that the first polygon and the second polygon are both regular hexagons; the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is six, and the six spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the six corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4; two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4; the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order regular hexagon, and in two adjacent second-order regular hexagons, the vertex of one second-order regular hexagon coincides with the vertex of the other second-order regular hexagon. In the above structure, the use of hexagons results in more corner areas and better geometric symmetry, thus leading to a higher density of plastic hinges and denser fold stacking. When the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is subjected to axial impact, its fold distribution is more uniform. The external impact force is transmitted step by step through the end faces of similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 in adjacent layers. After passing through multiple buffer transitions in the gaps between each layer, the impact force is effectively attenuated, thereby reducing the impact intensity on the interior of the structure.

[0061] See Figures 7-8 The outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 has a cross-section of a first-order regular hexagon, and the outer similar energy-absorbing tube has a cross-section of a second-order regular hexagon. Among all the similar energy-absorbing tubes 1, the two sides closest to the center of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 are connected to each other to form a hexagonal star shape. The circumcircle diameter of the first-order regular hexagon is 60mm, the wall thickness of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4 is 0.5mm, the wall thickness of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is 0.3mm, and the overall structural length is 100mm.

[0062] Example 5 See Figures 9-10 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1, except that the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit is a single unit, and the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure is directly composed of only one spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit. That is, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in this embodiment does not include the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube 4.

[0063] See Figures 9-10 The spoke thin wall 2 is a straight spoke thin wall. By setting a straight spoke thin wall, that is, the cross-section of the spoke thin wall 2 is a straight profile, i.e., a straight line; this structure can also make the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit form an integrally coupled force transmission network, which can improve the energy absorption effect of the spider web bionic unit cell energy absorption unit.

[0064] See Figures 9-10The space between two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 is a hierarchical space 6, and each hierarchical space 6 is equipped with a connecting unit. By setting the connecting unit, two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 can be connected, thereby constructing a denser multicellular structure, enhancing the wrinkle generation effect, and thus improving the energy absorption effect.

[0065] See Figures 9-10 The connecting unit is a partition rib 5, which is arranged in different equal division rules in each level space 6. One end of the partition rib 5 is connected to one of the similar energy-absorbing tubes 1, and the other end is connected to another similar energy-absorbing tube 1. By setting the partition rib 5, a denser multi-cell structure can be constructed, exhibiting a stronger wrinkle generation effect during axial compression. This allows the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit to form more short-wavelength plastic hinges in the early stage of crushing, forming a complex nested buckling fold with multi-directional cooperation. In the middle and late stages of crushing, the wrinkle density is significantly increased, the deformation distribution is more uniform, effectively suppressing local stress concentration and instability, and enriching the energy dissipation path, thereby achieving a more stable load response and higher specific energy absorption characteristics.

[0066] See Figures 9-10 In this embodiment, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is square, and the number of straight spoke thin walls is four. The straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 from the inside to the outside; that is, straight lines connect the vertices of the square; the width of each layer space 6 is the same; in this embodiment, the number of similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 is four, and the three layer spaces 6 from the outside to the inside are the first layer space, the second layer space, and the third layer space; the number of separating ribs 5 in the first layer space, the second layer space, and the third layer space are 12, 8, and 4, respectively.

[0067] See Figures 9-10 The partition ribs 5 are arranged according to the following equal division rules: The cross-sections of the four similar energy-absorbing tubes 1, from the outside to the inside, are successively a first-order square, a second-order square, a third-order square, and a fourth-order square. The dividing ribs 5 of the first-level space are located at the four-eighths division points of the side segments of the first-order square. The dividing ribs 5 of the second-level space are located at the third-eighths division points of the side segments of the second-order square. The dividing ribs 5 of the third-level space are located at the half-division points (midpoints) of the side segments of the third-order square. This embodiment constructs a denser multi-cell structure through differentiated side segment divisions, with each dividing rib 5 having a wall thickness of 0.3 mm.

[0068] In other embodiments, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure includes a wall energy-absorbing tube 4. In this embodiment, there are multiple spider web-coupled biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing units.

[0069] Example 6 See Figures 11-12 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit is a secondary energy-absorbing tube 7, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is a first regular hexagon, and the cross-section of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is a second regular hexagon. Both the first and second regular hexagons are regular hexagons. The vertex of the second regular hexagon is connected to the midpoint of the side of the outer first regular hexagon in its hierarchical space 6, and the midpoint of the side of the second regular hexagon is connected to the vertex of the inner first regular hexagon in its hierarchical space 6. In the above structure, the side edge of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is connected to the middle of the side surface of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube 1, and the side edge of the inner similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is connected to the middle of the side surface of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7. The straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 in sequence. On this basis, radially symmetrically arranged partition ribs 5 are formed on the side surface of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7, dividing the side surface of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 into multiple triangular microcells to improve the energy absorption effect.

[0070] See Figures 11-12 The number of straight spoke thin walls is six. These straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 sequentially from the inside out, i.e., they connect the vertices of the first regular hexagon in a straight line. The outermost first regular hexagon has a circumscribed circle diameter of 60 mm, a wall thickness of 0.5 mm, and an overall structural height of 50 mm; the thickness of the straight spoke thin walls is 0.3 mm; the wall thickness of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is also 0.3 mm. A contracted hexagon is formed by connecting the midpoints of the first regular hexagons as vertices; this contracted hexagon is the second regular hexagon.

[0071] Example 7 See Figures 13-14 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as those in embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit is a honeycomb unit 8. There are multiple honeycomb units 8 distributed in the hierarchical space 6, and multiple honeycomb units 8 are also provided inside the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 located in the innermost layer. By setting the honeycomb units 8, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit is a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of spider web and honeycomb. Through the synergistic constraint of the honeycomb units 8 and the spoke thin wall 2, the overall stiffness and stability are improved, and a multi-directional synergistic progressive buckling mode can be formed during the crushing process.

[0072] See Figures 13-14The similar energy-absorbing tube 1 has a square cross-section, and there are two similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. There are eight straight spoke thin walls, arranged in a star-shaped pattern. Four straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 from the inside out, i.e., they connect the vertices of the square. The remaining four straight spoke thin walls connect the middle of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1, i.e., they connect the midpoints of the sides of the square. The outermost square has a circumscribed circle diameter of 60mm, a wall thickness of 0.5mm, and an overall structural height of 50mm. The thickness of the straight spoke thin walls is 0.3mm. The honeycomb unit 8 has a hexagonal cell structure, and multiple honeycomb units 8 are connected in the hierarchical space 6 to form a continuous honeycomb structure. In this embodiment, the size, distribution density, and wall thickness of the honeycomb unit 8 can be adjusted according to actual energy absorption requirements to adapt to impact resistance requirements under different working conditions.

[0073] Example 8 See Figures 15-16 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit is a secondary energy-absorbing tube 7, and a secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is also provided inside the innermost similar energy-absorbing tube 1. The spoke thin wall 2 has a dendritic rib 9 on the corresponding section in the outermost hierarchical space 6. By coupling the spider web with the dendritic rib 9, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the dendritic rib, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0074] See Figures 15-16 The cross-sections of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 and the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 are both squares. Specifically, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is a first square, and the cross-section of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is a second square. There are two similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. There are four straight spoke thin walls. The four straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 from the inside to the outside, that is, they connect the vertices of the squares with straight lines.

[0075] See Figures 15-16 The two first squares, from the outside to the inside, are a first-order square and a second-order square, respectively. The midpoints of the sides of the first-order square are connected to form the second square in the hierarchical space 6. The midpoints of the sides of the second square are located at the vertices of the second-order square. The midpoints of the sides of the second-order square are connected to form the second square inside the innermost similar energy-absorbing tube 1.

[0076] See Figures 15-16The first square has a side length of 60mm, a wall thickness of 0.5mm, and an overall structural height of 50mm; the thickness of the thin wall of the straight spokes is 0.3mm; the wall thickness of the dendritic rib 9 is 0.3mm, and the cross-sectional shape of the dendritic rib 9 is ">" shaped; the dendritic rib 9 extends from the thin wall of the spokes 2 to the side of the outer layer similar to the energy-absorbing tube.

[0077] See Figures 15-16 The dendritic rib 9 exhibits branched multidirectional buckling, with folds transmitted along the spoke thin wall 2 to the dendritic rib 9. The shape is irregular and the plastic hinges are more dispersed. The load fluctuation is slightly larger in the early stage, but the overall dissipation efficiency is significantly improved in the middle and late stages as the branched folds develop fully. The basic square spider web structure (the structure composed of spoke thin wall 2 and similar energy-absorbing tube 1) mainly exhibits symmetrical progressive buckling, with folds distributed in a uniform short wavelength. The plastic hinges are evenly distributed along the radial ribs, and the deformation is stable and controllable throughout the process. The load plateau section is the most stable, achieving uniform and progressive high-efficiency energy absorption.

[0078] Example 9 See Figures 17-18 The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 5, except that multiple rhomboid microcell units 10 are arranged on the similar energy-absorbing tube 1. By setting the rhomboid microcell units 10 and coupling them with the spider web, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the rhomboid shape, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0079] See Figures 17-18 In this embodiment, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is square, and the number of straight spoke thin walls is eight. The straight spoke thin walls are distributed in a star-shaped pattern. Four straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 from the inside to the outside, that is, they connect the vertices of the square. The other four straight spoke thin walls connect the middle of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1, that is, they connect the midpoints of the sides of the square. There are four similar energy-absorbing tubes 1, which are the first similar energy-absorbing tube 1, the second similar energy-absorbing tube 1, the third similar energy-absorbing tube 1, and the fourth similar energy-absorbing tube 1 from the outside to the inside. The rhomboid microcell unit 10 is disposed on the first similar energy-absorbing tube 1 and the third similar energy-absorbing tube 1. The rhomboid microcell unit 10 is provided with a support rib 11 inside. The support rib 11 is perpendicular to the side of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1.

[0080] See Figures 17-18 The cross-sections of the four similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 are, in order, first-order squares, second-order squares, third-order squares, and fourth-order squares; the cross-section of the rhombic microcell unit 10 is rhombic; the design method of the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit is as follows: See Figures 17-18On the sides of the first and third squares, rhombuses are generated on both sides with the midpoint of the side as the center. The included angle of the rhombus is 60° and the wall thickness is 0.3mm. The sides of the squares divide the rhombuses into triangular microcells. The cross section of the supporting rib 11 is a straight line. The straight line divides the triangular microcells into two sub-triangular microcells. The wall thickness of the supporting rib 11 is 0.3mm.

[0081] See Figures 17-18 The rhomboid microcell unit 10 exhibits segmental layered buckling characteristics, with folds distributed periodically along the ribs. The deformation has obvious segmental layering. The load plateau is stable in the early stage, and the dissipation efficiency gradually increases in the middle and late stages as the folds are nested and superimposed.

[0082] Example 10 See Figures 19-20 The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit is an elliptical microcell unit 12. Multiple elliptical microcell units 12 are present in each level of space 6, and the number is the same. These multiple elliptical microcell units 12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. In the radial direction, several elliptical microcell units 12 are connected to form a lotus root porous cell structure. In the above structure, while maintaining lightweight, the overall structure is more compact, which is beneficial for improving structural rigidity. Under impact loads, its energy absorption efficiency and deformation resistance during deformation are significantly improved.

[0083] See Figures 19-20 The cross-section of the elliptical microcell unit 12 is elliptical, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is circular, the number of straight spoke thin walls is eight, the number of similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 is four, the elliptical microcell unit 12 is disposed between two adjacent straight spoke thin walls, and the number of elliptical microcell units 12 in each hierarchical space 6 is eight.

[0084] See Figures 19-20 The outer similar energy-absorbing tube has a diameter of 60 mm, a wall thickness of 0.5 mm, and an overall structural height of 50 mm. From the outside to the inside, the diameter of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 decreases by 15 mm. The remaining three similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 have diameters of 45 mm, 30 mm, and 15 mm. The included angle between two adjacent straight spoke thin walls is 45°. The wall thickness of the straight spoke thin wall is 0.3 mm. The cross-sectional shape of the straight spoke thin wall is a straight line. The angle bisector of two adjacent straight lines serves as the focal point of an ellipse. The major axis of the ellipse is 15 mm, and the minor axis is 1.35 mm.

[0085] Example 11 See Figures 21-22The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit includes a secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 and multiple starfruit-shaped microcell units 13 arranged on the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7. By setting the starfruit-shaped microcell units 13 and coupling them with the spider web, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling between the spider web and the starfruit shape, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0086] See Figures 21-22 The secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 and the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 are arranged alternately at equal intervals; the starfruit-shaped microcell unit connects two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes.

[0087] See Figures 21-22 The cross-sections of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 and the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 are both squares. Specifically, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is a first square, and the cross-section of the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 is a second square. There are four similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. There are four straight spoke thin walls. The four straight spoke thin walls connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 and the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7 from the inside to the outside, that is, they connect the vertices of the squares with straight lines.

[0088] See Figures 21-22 The starfruit-shaped microcell unit 13 has a four-pointed star-shaped cross-section, i.e., it is a starfruit-like shape. The three hierarchical spaces 6 from the outside in are the first, second, and third hierarchical spaces, respectively; the number of starfruit-shaped microcell units 13 in the first, second, and third hierarchical spaces are 16, 12, and 4, respectively. The starfruit-shaped microcell unit 13 includes eight side edges, divided into four concave side edges and four convex side edges. In this starfruit-shaped microcell unit 13, the two convex side edges located on the outer side (away from the geometric center) are connected to the side of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 located on the outer side, the two concave side edges are connected to the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7, and the two convex side edges located on the inner side (closer to the geometric center) are connected to the side of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 located on the inner side. The wall thickness of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1, the secondary energy-absorbing tube 7, the straight spoke thin wall, and the starfruit-shaped microcell unit 13 is all 0.3 mm; the cross-section of the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit has a symmetrical structure from left to right and top to bottom.

[0089] Example 12 See Figures 23-24The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit is a concave quadrilateral microcell unit 14. The concave quadrilateral microcell unit 14 includes ">" shaped ribs and "<" shaped ribs, which are symmetrical. The number of concave quadrilateral microcell units 14 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in each level of space 6. Using this structure, a concave quadrilateral structure with a negative Poisson's ratio effect is formed. Under impact loads, the concave quadrilateral structure will contract inwards, making the folds tighter and enhancing the energy absorption efficiency and energy absorption ratio of the structure.

[0090] See Figures 23-24 The cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is square, and there are four similar energy-absorbing tubes 1. There are four straight spoke thin-walled sections, which connect the side edges of each similar energy-absorbing tube 1 sequentially from the inside out, i.e., connecting the vertices of the square with straight lines. The three hierarchical spaces 6 from the outside in are the first hierarchical space 6, the second hierarchical space 6, and the third hierarchical space 6; the number of concave quadrilateral structures in the first hierarchical space 6, the second hierarchical space 6, and the third hierarchical space 6 are 16, 12, and 4, respectively; the cross-section of the spider web biomimetic unit cell energy-absorbing unit is a symmetrical structure from left to right and top to bottom.

[0091] Example 13 See Figures 25-26 In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 5, except that the connecting unit includes multiple connecting ribs 15 and multiple windmill-shaped microcell units 16. The multiple connecting ribs 15 divide the hierarchical space 6 into multiple subspaces, and the multiple windmill-shaped microcell units 16 are arranged one-to-one in the multiple subspaces. In the above structure, by setting the windmill-shaped microcell units 16, the spider web biomimetic single-cell energy-absorbing unit forms a multi-cell energy-absorbing structure based on the coupling of the spider web and the windmill model, which can improve the energy absorption effect.

[0092] See Figures 25-26 One end of the connecting rib 15 is tangentially connected to the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 located on the inner side, and the other end of the connecting rib 15 is connected to the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 located on the outer side.

[0093] See Figures 25-26 The windmill-shaped microcell unit 16 includes a circular sub-tube and four sub-ribs disposed on the outer side of the circular sub-tube and tangent to it. Two of the sub-ribs are connected to two adjacent connecting ribs 15, and the other two sub-ribs are uniformly connected to energy-absorbing tubes on their outer layers.

[0094] See Figures 25-26The cross-section of the windmill-shaped microcell unit 16 is windmill-shaped, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube 1 is circular, the number of straight spoke thin-walled tubes is 4, the number of similar energy-absorbing tubes 1 is 2, and the number of windmill-shaped microcell units 16 is 4.

[0095] Table 1 shows the impact resistance data for the structures corresponding to six of the embodiments. Table 2 shows the impact resistance data for the structures corresponding to six of the embodiments. See Figures 27-31 Using UG and Abaqus, simulation finite element models of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures in the above embodiments were constructed, and axial impact experiments were simulated to obtain... Figure 31 Energy absorption curves and Figure 30 The force-displacement curves and the comparison of crashworthiness data in Tables 1 and 2 are shown. Figures 27-31 This is a comparison of the wrinkling deformation of the corresponding structures in 12 of the embodiments during the axial impact process.

[0096] Figures 30-31 In Tables 1 and 2, "circular self-similarity" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in Example 1; "triangular self-similarity" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in Example 2; "square self-similarity" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in Example 3; "hexagonal self-similarity" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in Example 4; "square coupling" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure in Example 5; and "hexagonal coupling" represents the basic... The following are examples of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structures: "tree branch" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure in Example 8; "double rhombus" represents Example 9; "lotus root" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure in Example 10; "star fruit" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure in Example 11; "concave quadrilateral" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure in Example 12; and "windmill" represents the spider web-coupled biomimetic multi-cell thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure in Example 13.

[0097] from Figure 30It can be seen that the mechanical response and load-bearing characteristics of different spider web-inspired bionic unit cells under axial compression vary significantly. Among them, the spider web-coupled bionic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure based on spider web and starfruit coupling in Example 11 shows significantly higher initial peak force and plateau load level, followed by the structures corresponding to circular self-similarity (Example 1) and double rhomboid coupling (Example 9). Looking at the stages, all structures rapidly reach the initial peak force in the initial impact stage, then enter a relatively stable plateau load-bearing stage. The overall curve fluctuation amplitude is small, and the mechanical response is stable, which is beneficial for reducing the load impact during the collision process and protecting the structural integrity. The spider web-coupled bionic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure based on spider web and starfruit coupling shows a rapid increase in impact force when entering the densification stage in the later stage of compression, exhibiting excellent later load-bearing capacity. Figure 31 It can be seen that the energy absorption of the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure based on spider web and starfruit coupling always leads with the increase of displacement, and the energy absorption efficiency steadily increases. Its total energy absorption is significantly higher than all other configurations. The energy absorption level of the circular self-similar and double rhomboid coupling structure is second, and it also shows good energy absorption potential.

[0098] In Tables 1 and 2, EA represents energy absorption, SEA represents specific energy absorption, IPCF represents initial peak force, MCF represents average impact load, and CFE represents load efficiency. As can be seen from the mechanical performance data in Tables 1 and 2, the circular self-similar biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure based on spider web coupling achieves an energy absorption of 7618.17 J, a specific energy absorption of 82.86 J / g, and a load efficiency of 0.95, demonstrating excellent energy absorption performance and impact stability. Among the biomimetic coupling structures, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, based on the coupling of spider web and starfruit, has the highest energy absorption, reaching 14152.13 J, with a specific energy absorption of 119.43 J / g, an average crushing force of 404.35 kN, and a load efficiency of 0.87, exhibiting the best overall energy absorption performance and impact stability. The spider web double-rhomboid coupling structure has an energy absorption of 6643.14 J, a specific energy absorption of 68.84 J / g, and strong load-bearing capacity. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, based on the coupling of spider web and concave quadrilaterals, has a load efficiency of 0.57. The impact stability is weaker than that of the spider web coupled with starfruit, which is a spider web coupled with biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-absorbing composite structure. The load efficiencies of the spider web coupled with square, spider web coupled with hexagon, spider web coupled with tree branch, and spider web coupled with windmill are 0.37, 0.31, 0.28, and 0.38, respectively, and the overall load stability is relatively low. In terms of initial peak force, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, based on spider web and starfruit coupling, achieved the highest force at 465.52 kN, while also exhibiting the highest average crushing force and strongest load-bearing capacity. The hexagonal and circular self-similar spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures achieved load efficiencies of 0.96 and 0.95, respectively, while the triangular and square self-similar structures achieved load efficiencies of 0.90 and 0.92, respectively, all demonstrating extremely high impact stability. In summary, the spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure based on spider web and starfruit coupling is the best, followed by the double-rhomboid coupling; the circular and hexagonal self-similar spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structures possess the highest impact stability, with the most stable overall load response and deformation modes.

[0099] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure, characterized in that, The device includes a spider web-inspired bionic unit cell energy-absorbing unit, which comprises multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes arranged from the outside to the inside and multiple spoke thin walls distributed along the circumference. The cross-sectional dimensions of the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes gradually decrease from the outside to the inside and are nested sequentially from the outside to the inside. The multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes share a common geometric center, and the spoke thin walls radiate outward from the geometric center, sequentially connecting the multiple similar energy-absorbing tubes.

2. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube, and the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is multiple, with multiple spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units disposed inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube.

3. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spoke thin wall is a curved spoke thin wall, and in each spider web biomimetic unit cell energy absorption unit, the outermost similar energy absorption tube is the outer similar energy absorption tube.

4. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube and the similar energy-absorbing tube have circular cross-sections. Multiple spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. The outer similar energy-absorbing tube is connected to the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. Adjacent spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are connected to each other through their respective outer similar energy-absorbing tubes.

5. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-section of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube is a first polygon, the cross-section of the similar energy-absorbing tube is a second polygon, and the cross-section of the curved spoke thin wall is a curve; the number of curved spoke thin walls is the same as the number of sides of the second polygon, and the curve connects the vertices of multiple second polygons from the inside to the outside. Except for the outermost second polygon, the vertices of the remaining second polygons are located at the equidistant points of the curve.

6. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first polygon and the second polygon are squares; the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is four, and the four spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are symmetrically distributed in the four corner regions inside the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube. The sides of two adjacent outer similar energy-absorbing tubes are connected to each other, and the two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tubes are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube.

7. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first polygon and the second polygon are regular hexagons; the number of spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units is six, and the six spider web bionic unit cell energy-absorbing units are evenly distributed in the six corner regions of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube; two adjacent sides of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the outer thin-walled energy-absorbing tube; the cross-section of the outer similar energy-absorbing tube is a second-order regular hexagon, and in two adjacent second-order regular hexagons, the vertex of one second-order regular hexagon coincides with the vertex of the other second-order regular hexagon.

8. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spoke thin wall is a straight spoke thin wall.

9. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The space between two adjacent similar energy-absorbing tubes is a hierarchical space, and there are connecting units in each hierarchical space.

10. The spider web-coupled biomimetic multicellular thin-walled impact-resistant energy-absorbing composite structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The connection unit includes a secondary energy-absorbing tube and multiple starfruit-shaped microcell units arranged on the secondary energy-absorbing tube.

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