A kind of steering system damping structure, steering system and mining vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a damping structure of a steering system, the steering system and a mining vehicle, and relates to the technical field of steering systems. The damping structure of the steering system comprises a hydraulic steering gear, a spline shaft, a damping device and a steering column shaft. The upper end of the spline shaft is in transmission connection with the hydraulic steering gear, and the lower end is connected with the damping device. The damping device is arranged between the spline shaft and the steering column shaft and is used for buffering vibration and impact in the steering transmission process. The upper end of the steering column shaft is connected with the damping device, and the lower end is in rotational cooperation with the steering column shaft. The steering column shaft is installed on a fixed plate, and a bearing is installed between the steering column shaft and the fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly installed on a cab frame. A fixing piece is arranged above the fixed plate, a rubber damper is clamped between the fixing piece and the fixed plate, the fixing piece is used for compressively fixing the hydraulic steering gear and the rubber damper, and the damping device is installed in the fixing piece. The application reduces vibration and impact on the steering gear, eliminates abnormal sound of the hydraulic steering gear, and improves the use experience of drivers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a shock absorption structure for a steering system, a steering system, and a mining vehicle, belonging to the field of vehicle steering technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automotive steering systems, various structural improvements have been made to enhance steering safety and comfort. For example, patent CN203511751U discloses an automotive steering column with an energy-absorbing device, which buffers the impact force during a collision to protect the safety of the driver and passengers. However, this technology does not address the issue of abnormal noise caused by hydraulic shock during steering system operation, and the design goal of the energy-absorbing device is unrelated to vibration attenuation and noise elimination. Another patent, CN201944116U, discloses a rubber bearing and a steering system with the rubber bearing. It optimizes the rotational smoothness of the steering system through the elastic characteristics of the rubber bearing, mainly addressing the issues of steering resistance and rigid impact buffering. It does not specifically address the abnormal noise caused by hydraulic oil impact in hydraulic steering gears under specific operating conditions, and the single buffering structure of the rubber bearing cannot meet the multi-dimensional vibration attenuation requirements under complex operating conditions of heavy vehicles.

[0003] Articulated dump trucks, as special vehicles operating under heavy loads and complex road conditions, require their steering systems to frequently withstand the loads of sharp, large-angle turns. In existing technology, the steering column and hydraulic steering gear of such vehicles are mostly directly rigidly connected, lacking effective vibration buffering and attenuation mechanisms. When the vehicle makes a sharp, large-angle turn, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic steering system experiences a momentary impact. This impact is directly transmitted to the steering column and cab through the rigid connection structure, causing noticeable abnormal noise from the hydraulic steering gear. This noise not only severely compromises the driver's comfort and driving experience but may also lead to misjudgments of the vehicle's operating status, affecting operational safety. It has long been a source of customer complaints and has hampered the product's market competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a steering system damping structure, a steering system, and a mining vehicle, which reduces vibration and impact on the steering gear, eliminates abnormal noise from the hydraulic steering gear, and improves the driver's user experience.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a steering system damping structure, comprising: Hydraulic steering gear; The splined shaft is connected at its upper end to the hydraulic steering gear and at its lower end to the shock absorption device. A shock-absorbing device is installed between the spline shaft and the steering shaft to buffer vibration and impact during the steering transmission process; The upper end of the steering shaft is connected to the shock absorption device, and the lower end is rotatably engaged with the steering column shaft. A steering column shaft is mounted on a fixed plate, and a bearing is installed between the steering column shaft and the fixed plate; A mounting plate, which is fixedly installed on the cab frame; A fixing component is provided above the fixing plate, and a rubber shock absorber is sandwiched between the fixing component and the fixing plate. The fixing component is used to press and fix the hydraulic steering gear and the rubber shock absorber. The shock absorption device is installed inside the fixing component.

[0006] Preferably, the shock absorber is an elastic damping component, and its two ends are detachably connected to the steering shaft and the spline shaft, respectively. The shock absorber attenuates the vibration energy generated by the hydraulic oil impact when the hydraulic steering gear is working through its own elastic deformation.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing component includes an upper plate, an annular connecting plate, and a lower plate. The upper plate is fixedly connected to the hydraulic steering gear, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to the upper plate and the lower plate. The lower plate cooperates with the fixing plate to install the rubber shock absorber.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting plate is provided with an observation port, which corresponds to the connection position between the spline shaft and the hydraulic steering gear, and is used to observe the assembly status and operating conditions of the internal transmission components.

[0009] Preferably, a first seal is provided at the connection position between the splined shaft and the hydraulic steering gear, and a second seal is provided at the connection position between the steering shaft and the bearing; both the first and second seals are skeleton oil seals, and the inner side of each seal is interference-fitted with the corresponding shaft body.

[0010] Preferably, damping pads are installed in the connection gap between the spline shaft and the hydraulic steering gear, and in the connection gap between the steering shaft and the steering column shaft, to buffer the vibration and impact generated by the relative movement of the shaft system.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring, which are respectively assembled at the limiting positions of each shaft to limit the axial movement of the shaft system.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a steering system, including a steering column, a hydraulic steering gear, and a steering system damping structure, wherein the steering column is fixedly connected to the steering column shaft, and the steering column is flexibly connected to the hydraulic steering gear through the steering system damping structure. The steering system damping structure is used to attenuate axial and radial vibration impacts during the operation of the hydraulic steering gear and eliminate steering noise.

[0013] Preferably, the steering column and the steering column shaft are connected by a spline engagement, and the spline shaft and the power input end of the hydraulic steering gear are connected by a spline transmission.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention also provides a mining vehicle, including a vehicle body, a cab, and the steering system, wherein a fixing plate of the steering system is fixedly installed on the cab frame, and the hydraulic steering gear is connected to the vehicle steering actuator. The mining vehicle is an articulated dump truck, and the steering system is adapted to the heavy-load conditions of the articulated dump truck making large-angle rapid turns, and is used to buffer the instantaneous impact of the buffer pressure and suppress steering vibration and abnormal noise.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. A vibration damping device is installed between the splined shaft and the steering shaft, and a rubber shock absorber is sandwiched between the fixing component and the fixing plate. Simultaneously, damping shims are arranged in the connection gaps of each shaft system, constructing a multi-stage vibration damping system that integrates transmission buffering, installation vibration isolation, and gap vibration absorption. Compared to the existing structure where the steering column and hydraulic steering gear are directly rigidly connected, this invention can effectively attenuate the axial and radial vibration energy generated by the instantaneous impact of hydraulic oil during large-angle rapid turning of the vehicle, avoiding high-frequency abnormal noises caused by vibration impact, solving the problem of abnormal steering noise in the vehicle, significantly improving the operating experience of the driver, and reducing the probability of customer complaints.

[0016] 2. The hydraulic steering gear is flexibly supported on the cab mounting plate by rubber shock absorbers, which prevents the transmission of the hydraulic steering gear's working vibration to the cab frame and steering column. At the same time, the shock absorption device absorbs the impact vibration of the transmission link, effectively reducing the overall vibration amplitude and frequency of the steering system. This avoids problems such as steering loosening and transmission deviation caused by long-term high-frequency vibration, and greatly improves the operational stability and handling smoothness of the steering system under heavy load and bumpy conditions of mining vehicles.

[0017] 3. Seals 1 and 2 are installed at the connection points between the splined shaft and the hydraulic steering gear, and between the steering shaft and the bearing, respectively. The connection gaps are sealed and protected by the skeleton oil seal, which can effectively prevent dust, mud, water and impurities in the mining operation environment from entering the shaft system mating gaps, and avoid shaft corrosion, jamming and wear. At the same time, the shock-absorbing pads and shock-absorbing devices can effectively buffer the rigid impact between components, reduce the mechanical wear of the transmission mating surfaces, and significantly reduce the probability of damage to core transmission components such as steering shaft, splined shaft, and bearings, effectively extend the overall service life of the steering system and reduce the vehicle failure rate.

[0018] 4. An observation port is opened on the connecting plate of the fixed part. The observation port is directly opposite the connection position between the spline shaft and the hydraulic steering gear. The assembly status, wear condition and working condition of the internal transmission components can be directly observed without disassembling the whole machine structure. This makes it easy for staff to check for potential faults such as looseness, wear and leakage in time. There is no need to disassemble and repair the whole machine, which greatly reduces the difficulty of steering system maintenance and subsequent operation and maintenance costs, and improves vehicle maintenance efficiency.

[0019] 5. The overall structure is compact, with only optimization and improvement of the steering system connection and fixing structure. There is no need to modify the original vehicle hydraulic system, frame and main structure. It can be directly adapted to existing articulated dump trucks for modification and upgrading. At the same time, the multi-stage shock absorption and sealing protection structure can adapt to the harsh working conditions of heavy load, bumps and frequent sharp turns in mines. The structure has high reliability and strong environmental adaptability, effectively improving the operational stability of mining vehicles under complex working conditions and the market competitiveness of the products. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point I; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a section at point II; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shock-absorbing pad of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention (concealing the hydraulic steering gear, fixing component, and rubber shock absorber). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastener of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Steering shaft, 2. Retaining ring one, 3. Steering column shaft, 4. Fixing component, 4-1. Upper plate, 4-2. Connecting plate, 4-3. Lower plate, 4-4. Observation port, 5. Shock absorber, 6. Seal one, 7. Hydraulic steering gear, 8. Spline shaft, 9. Rubber shock absorber, 10. Seal two, 11. Fixing plate, 12. Bearing, 13. Shock absorber pad, 14. Retaining ring two. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0022] like Figures 1-7As shown, a steering system damping structure is designed for use in heavy-duty mining vehicles such as articulated dump trucks. It primarily addresses the technical problem of vibration and abnormal noise caused by hydraulic oil impact in hydraulic steering gears during sharp, large-angle turns in existing vehicles. The damping structure specifically includes a hydraulic steering gear 7, a splined shaft 8, a damping device 5, a steering shaft 1, a steering column shaft 3, a fixing plate 11, and a fixing component 4. These components are assembled together to form a multi-stage flexible damping transmission structure, replacing the traditional rigid connection structure and effectively reducing the vibration and abnormal noise caused by hydraulic shock.

[0023] The fixing plate 11 is fixedly installed on the cab frame, serving as the installation reference carrier for the entire steering damping structure and ensuring the assembly stability of the overall structure. The steering column shaft 3 is assembled and fixed on the fixing plate 11, and a bearing 12 is installed between the steering column shaft 3 and the fixing plate 11. The bearing 12 enables flexible rotation support of the steering column shaft 3, reduces rotational friction resistance during steering transmission, and ensures smooth steering operation. The steering shaft 1 is arranged vertically, and its lower end is rotated with the steering column shaft 3, allowing it to rotate synchronously with steering operations. The upper end of the steering shaft 1 is connected to the shock absorber 5, which is integrally arranged between the spline shaft 8 and the steering shaft 1. The lower end of the spline shaft 8 is connected to the shock absorber 5, and the upper end of the spline shaft 8 is connected to the power input end of the hydraulic steering gear 7, thus forming a flexible power transmission link consisting of the hydraulic steering gear 7, spline shaft 8, shock absorber 5, steering shaft 1, and steering column shaft 3 connected in sequence. By adding the shock absorber 5 to the transmission link, the vibration impact generated by the hydraulic shock during steering transmission can be buffered in real time, preventing the vibration from being transmitted upward along the shaft system. The fixing component 4 is assembled above the fixing plate 11. A rubber shock absorber 9 is sandwiched between the fixing component 4 and the fixing plate 11. The fixing component 4 is pressed and covered on the outside of the hydraulic steering gear 7, realizing the pressing and fixing assembly of the hydraulic steering gear 7 and the rubber shock absorber 9. At the same time, the shock absorption device 5 is housed in the internal cavity of the fixing component 4. The fixing component 4 realizes the protection and positioning of the internal transmission structure. In conjunction with the bottom rubber shock absorber 9, it realizes the flexible isolation installation of the hydraulic steering gear 7 and the cab frame, avoiding the amplification of vibration resonance of the whole machine.

[0024] In some embodiments, the shock absorber 5 employs an elastic damping element. The upper and lower ends of the shock absorber 5 are detachably connected to the steering shaft 1 and splined shaft 8, respectively, facilitating assembly and allowing for individual disassembly and replacement later, thus reducing maintenance costs. During vehicle operation, especially when mining vehicles make sharp, rapid turns, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic steering gear 7 generates instantaneous high-pressure impacts, resulting in high-frequency vibration energy. In this embodiment, the shock absorber 5 with its elastic damping structure can quickly absorb and attenuate the axial and radial vibration energy generated by the hydraulic oil impact through its own elastic deformation and damping energy dissipation characteristics, preventing the vibration from being directly and rigidly transmitted to the steering column and cab, effectively suppressing abnormal noise.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the fixing component 4 is a frame-type protective fixing structure, specifically including an upper plate 4-1, an annular connecting plate 4-2, and a lower plate 4-3. The upper plate 4-1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the hydraulic steering gear 7. The connecting plate 4-2 has an annular hollow structure, with the upper and lower ends respectively correspondingly docking and fixing the upper plate 4-1 and the lower plate 4-3, forming a hollow storage cavity to reserve movement and buffer space for the assembly of the internal shock absorption device 5 and spline shaft 8. The lower plate 4-3 is correspondingly fitted to the fixing plate 11, and both the lower plate 4-3 and the fixing plate 11 are similar to triangles. Rubber shock absorbers 9 are installed at the triangular ends of the lower plate 4-3 and the fixing plate 11. Through the upper and lower layered, hollow annular structural design, the assembly firmness of the hydraulic steering gear 7 is ensured, and the bottom rubber shock absorber 9 achieves secondary vibration isolation of the whole machine installation position, further improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the connecting plate 4-2 has a through-type observation port 4-4, which is positioned directly opposite the mating connection between the spline shaft 8 and the hydraulic steering gear 7. During daily use and maintenance, personnel can directly observe the internal spline fit, component wear, and hydraulic leakage through the observation port 4-4 without disassembling the overall fixed structure, greatly reducing the difficulty of equipment maintenance, improving troubleshooting efficiency, and meeting the high-frequency operation and rapid maintenance needs of mining vehicles.

[0027] In some embodiments, combined with Figures 1 to 3As shown, a seal 6 is installed at the mating gap between the splined shaft 8 and the hydraulic steering gear 7, and a seal 10 is installed at the assembly gap between the steering shaft 1 and the bearing 12. Both seal 6 and seal 10 employ a skeleton oil seal structure. The inner side of each seal is interference-fitted with the corresponding shaft, while the outer side is tightly sealed against the corresponding mounting seat. This dual-position sealing structure effectively seals the shaft assembly gaps, preventing dust, mud, and moisture from the mining environment from entering the gaps, thus avoiding shaft corrosion, jamming, and wear. It also prevents internal grease loss, ensuring the lubrication effect and operational stability of the shaft transmission.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, damping shims 13 are installed in the connection gap between the spline shaft 8 and the hydraulic steering gear 7, and in the rotational fit gap between the steering shaft 1 and the steering column shaft 3. The damping shims 13 fill each fit gap, effectively absorbing the micro-vibrations and frictional impacts generated by the relative rotation and slight movement of the shaft system, compensating for vibration and noise problems caused by mechanical assembly gaps. Together with the damping device 5 and the rubber shock absorber 9, they form a multi-stage damping system for transmission buffering, installation vibration isolation, and gap vibration absorption, eliminating steering vibration and abnormal noise.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the steering system damping structure of the present invention also includes retaining ring 1 (2) and retaining ring 2 (14), which are respectively fitted into the limiting slots of each key shaft. Through the axial limiting effect of the retaining rings, the axial movement and offset of each shaft during operation can be effectively limited, avoiding component loosening and misalignment caused by long-term vibration, ensuring the assembly accuracy and operational stability of the entire steering transmission structure, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a steering system adapted for use in heavy-duty mining vehicles, specifically including a steering column, a hydraulic steering gear 7, and a steering system damping structure as described in any of the above embodiments. The steering column is fixedly connected to the end of the steering column shaft 3 to realize the input and transmission of steering operation force. The steering column forms a flexible transmission connection with the hydraulic steering gear 7 through the entire steering system damping structure. Compared with the traditional rigid connection steering system, the steering system of the present invention can effectively attenuate the axial and radial vibration impact generated during the operation of the hydraulic steering gear 7 through a multi-stage flexible damping structure, eliminating the abnormal hydraulic shock noise under large-angle sharp turning conditions from the root, and greatly improving steering smoothness and driving comfort.

[0031] In some embodiments, the steering column and steering column shaft 3 are fixedly connected by a spline engagement, and the spline shaft 8 and the power input end of the hydraulic steering gear 7 are also connected by a spline engagement. Spline transmission has the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, high transmission accuracy, and good coaxiality, which can adapt to the heavy-load steering conditions of mining vehicles, ensuring stable and accurate transmission of steering power. At the same time, in conjunction with a flexible damping structure, it can achieve vibration reduction and noise reduction without affecting the steering control accuracy.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention also provides a mining vehicle, specifically an articulated dump truck, comprising a vehicle body, a cab, and the aforementioned steering system; The steering system's mounting plate 11 is fixedly installed on the cab frame, ensuring stable assembly of the overall structure. The hydraulic steering gear 7 is connected to the steering actuator at the bottom of the vehicle for steering control. This mining vehicle, with its multi-stage shock-absorbing steering structure, is adaptable to harsh working conditions such as bumpy mine roads, heavy-load operations, and frequent sharp turns at large angles. It effectively buffers instantaneous shocks, suppresses steering vibrations and noises, reduces vehicle failure rates and customer complaint rates, and significantly improves vehicle operational stability and product market competitiveness.

[0033] The specific method of using the steering system damping structure of the present invention is as follows: During the operation of the equipment, the vibration damping device 5 arranged between the hydraulic steering gear 7 and the steering shaft 1 first achieves source vibration absorption and noise reduction. When the vehicle makes a sharp turn at a large angle and the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic steering gear 7 is subjected to instantaneous impact, the vibration damping device 5 uses its own elastic damping characteristics to quickly absorb the high-frequency impact vibration energy, effectively attenuating the axial and radial vibration amplitude of the shaft system, and preventing the hydraulic shock from being directly transmitted upward to the steering column in a rigid form, thus achieving first-level vibration damping suppression from the source of vibration. Meanwhile, the rubber shock absorber 9 sandwiched between the fixing part 4 and the fixing plate 11 forms a flexible floating support structure for the hydraulic steering gear 7 as a whole. Through the elastic isolation effect of the rubber shock absorber 9, the residual vibration generated by the operation of the hydraulic steering gear 7 is blocked from being transmitted to the cab frame and body structure, eliminating the problem of abnormal noise amplification caused by body resonance, cutting off the vibration transmission path, and achieving secondary overall vibration isolation. During the steering transmission operation, the damping pads 13 arranged in the assembly gaps between the spline shaft 8 and the hydraulic steering gear 7, and between the steering shaft 1 and the steering column shaft 3, fill the assembly gaps of the components, effectively absorb the micro-vibrations and frictional impacts generated by the relative rotation of the shaft system, small axial movement and radial sway, eliminate the slight vibrations and abnormal noises in the mechanical fit gaps, realize three-level gap vibration damping, and further improve steering smoothness. The gaps between the shafts are sealed and protected by seals 6 and 10 located at the corresponding shaft positions. The gaps are sealed by a skeleton oil seal structure, which can effectively prevent dust and mud from entering the mating surfaces of the parts in the mining operation environment. At the same time, it locks in the internal lubricating medium, ensuring sufficient and uniform lubrication at each rotating mating position. This avoids secondary vibrations and abnormal noises caused by rust, jamming and abnormal wear of the parts, and maintains a stable and smooth operation of the steering system in the long term.

[0034] By using retaining ring 12 and retaining ring 24 to axially limit and constrain each transmission shaft, the axial movement and radial offset of the shaft system during steering operations are restricted, ensuring that each transmission component always maintains an accurate assembly and fit, avoiding structural loosening and misfitting under long-term vibration conditions, preventing vibration and abnormal noise from continuously aggravating with the use of equipment, and ensuring that the multi-stage damping structure can stably perform its damping effect for a long time.

[0035] In addition, during operation and equipment maintenance, the transmission coordination status of the internal spline shaft 8 and the hydraulic steering gear 7, as well as the working status of the shock absorber components, can be observed in real time through the observation port 4-4 opened on the connecting plate 4-2 of the fastener 4. This allows for timely detection of potential faults such as component wear, loose assembly, and hydraulic leakage, ensuring the continuous and reliable operation of the entire multi-stage shock absorber system and effectively adapting to the harsh working conditions of heavy-load and high-frequency steering of mining vehicles.

[0036] This invention utilizes a multi-level closed-loop collaborative vibration reduction method, which includes source damping and vibration absorption, whole-machine flexible vibration isolation, gap filling for vibration reduction, sealing and wear reduction for stability, axial limiting to prevent loosening, and visual monitoring for protection. This method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional steering systems, which rely on single rigid vibration reduction and a single vibration reduction dimension. It effectively solves the industry pain points of hydraulic instantaneous impact vibration and obvious steering noise in mining articulated dump trucks. The vibration reduction effect is comprehensive and adaptable to various working conditions, effectively improving vehicle steering stability and driving comfort, and extending the overall service life of the steering system.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing structure for a steering system, characterized in that, include: Hydraulic steering gear (7); The spline shaft (8) is connected to the hydraulic steering gear (7) at its upper end and to the shock absorber (5) at its lower end. A shock-absorbing device (5) is provided between the spline shaft (8) and the steering shaft (1) to buffer the vibration and impact during the steering transmission process; The upper end of the steering shaft (1) is connected to the shock absorber (5), and the lower end is rotatably engaged with the steering column shaft (3); A steering column shaft (3) is mounted on a fixed plate (11), and a bearing (12) is installed between the steering column shaft (3) and the fixed plate (11). Fixing plate (11) is fixedly installed on the cab frame; A fixing member (4) is provided above the fixing plate (11). A rubber shock absorber (9) is sandwiched between the fixing member (4) and the fixing plate (11). The fixing member (4) is used to press and fix the hydraulic steering gear (7) and the rubber shock absorber (9). The shock absorption device (5) is installed inside the fixing member (4).

2. The steering system damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shock absorber (5) is an elastic damping component. The two ends of the shock absorber (5) are detachably connected to the steering shaft (1) and the spline shaft (8) respectively. The shock absorber (5) attenuates the vibration energy generated by the hydraulic oil impact when the hydraulic steering gear (7) is working through its own elastic deformation.

3. The steering system damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component (4) includes an upper plate (4-1), an annular connecting plate (4-2), and a lower plate (4-3). The upper plate (4-1) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic steering gear (7). The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate (4-2) are respectively connected to the upper plate (4-1) and the lower plate (4-3). The lower plate (4-3) cooperates with the fixing plate (11) to install the rubber shock absorber (9).

4. A steering system damping structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting plate (4-2) has an observation port (4-4) which corresponds to the connection position between the spline shaft (8) and the hydraulic steering gear (7) and is used to observe the assembly status and operating conditions of the internal transmission components.

5. A steering system damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the spline shaft (8) and the hydraulic steering gear (7) is provided with a first seal (6), and the connection between the steering shaft (1) and the bearing (12) is provided with a second seal (10); both the first seal (6) and the second seal (10) are skeleton oil seals, and the inner side of each seal is interference-fitted with the corresponding shaft.

6. A steering system damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection gap between the spline shaft (8) and the hydraulic steering gear (7) and the connection gap between the steering shaft (1) and the steering column shaft (3) are equipped with damping pads (13) to buffer the vibration and impact generated by the relative movement of the shaft system.

7. A steering system damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes retaining ring one (2) and retaining ring two (14), which are respectively assembled at the limiting positions of each shaft to restrict the axial movement of the shaft system.

8. A steering system, characterized in that, The system includes a steering column, a hydraulic steering gear (7), and a steering system damping structure as described in any one of claims 1-7. The steering column is fixedly connected to the steering column shaft (3). The steering column is connected to the hydraulic steering gear (7) through the steering system damping structure to form a flexible transmission connection. The steering system damping structure is used to attenuate the axial and radial vibration impacts of the hydraulic steering gear (7) during operation and eliminate steering noise.

9. A steering system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The steering column and the steering column shaft (3) are connected by a spline meshing, and the spline shaft (8) and the power input end of the hydraulic steering gear (7) are connected by a spline meshing transmission.

10. A mining vehicle, characterized in that, Includes a vehicle body, a cab, and a steering system as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein the fixing plate (11) of the steering system is fixedly installed on the cab frame, and the hydraulic steering unit (7) is connected to the vehicle steering actuator. The mining vehicle is an articulated dump truck, and the steering system is adapted to the heavy-load conditions of the articulated dump truck making large-angle rapid turns, and is used to buffer the instantaneous impact of the buffer pressure and suppress steering vibration and abnormal noise.

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