Anti-collision device and anti-collision control method for floating offshore platform

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, and discloses a collision prevention device and a collision prevention control method for a floating offshore platform. The collision prevention device for the floating offshore platform provided by the present application acquires environmental parameters such as wind, wave and current and platform motion state data in real time through a detection unit, dynamically evaluates collision risks in combination with a control unit, initiates a protection state of a collision prevention unit when environmental load mutates, avoids position drift or anchor release of a floating ball type device due to environmental disturbance, and ensures that the protection device is always in an effective working position. Meanwhile, a two-state control strategy based on a risk threshold value keeps the collision prevention unit in a standby state under low risk working conditions, reduces the resistance generated by the device, and quickly switches the collision prevention unit to a full-effect protection mode through a mounting mechanism under high risk working conditions, thereby forming a hierarchical response mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more specifically to a collision avoidance device and collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of floating renewable energy technologies, floating offshore platforms are increasingly being used in deep-sea resource development, providing crucial support for marine energy utilization and resource exploration. These platforms offer advantages such as flexible deployment and adaptability to a wide range of water depths, and have become an important vehicle for promoting the development of the marine economy and clean energy.

[0003] Currently, collision protection for floating offshore platforms mainly relies on traditional collision avoidance devices such as large buoys and side-mounted tires. These devices absorb some of the collision energy through the elastic deformation of their materials, and under certain conditions, they can play a basic buffering role, and are widely used in scenarios such as dock berths and near-shore construction.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that when environmental loads increase, the buoys are prone to drifting under complex environmental loads such as wind, waves, and currents, and may even be knocked ashore, resulting in the loss of their collision avoidance function. The tires suspended on the sides of the vessel have limited buffering capacity when facing high-energy impacts, making it difficult to effectively reduce the collision force between the platform and ships or facilities. This makes traditional collision avoidance facilities ineffective in dealing with complex environmental loads and dynamic collision risks, posing significant threats to the structural safety and construction safety of the platform, and hindering the development of floating renewable energy projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a collision avoidance device and collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms, in order to solve the problem that traditional collision avoidance facilities are difficult to effectively cope with complex environmental loads and dynamic collision risks.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform, comprising a collision avoidance unit, an installation mechanism, a detection unit, and a control unit. The installation mechanism is used to fix the collision avoidance unit to the outside of the column of the floating platform; the detection unit is used to monitor the environmental load and / or motion state of the platform in real time; the control unit is communicatively connected to the detection unit and the installation mechanism; wherein the control unit is configured to: calculate a collision risk value based on the data collected by the detection unit, and control the installation mechanism to put the collision avoidance unit in a protective state when the collision risk value is higher than a first threshold, or control the installation mechanism to put the collision avoidance unit in a standby state when the collision risk value is lower than a second threshold.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By collecting environmental parameters such as wind, waves, and currents, as well as platform motion data in real time through the detection unit, and combining this with intelligent analysis by the control unit, collision risk can be dynamically assessed. In the event of sudden changes in environmental load (such as an approaching storm), the anti-collision unit's protective state is actively triggered, preventing the float-type device from drifting or becoming unanchored due to environmental disturbances, ensuring that the protective device is always in an effective working position. Simultaneously, the dual-state control strategy (protective state / standby state) based on risk thresholds enables on-demand allocation of buffer capacity. Under low-risk conditions, the anti-collision unit remains in standby mode to reduce the drag generated by the device, while under high-risk conditions (such as approaching ships or large wave impacts), the installation mechanism quickly switches the anti-collision unit to full-effect protection mode, forming a graded response mechanism.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the anti-collision unit includes a flexible buffer portion and a rigid support portion, wherein the flexible buffer portion is disposed on the outside of the rigid support portion for absorbing impact energy during a collision.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the mounting mechanism includes a support platform and a magnetic attractor. The support platform is mounted on the outside of the column in the radial direction; the magnetic attractor is mounted on the outside of the support platform in the radial direction and is used to attract the anti-collision unit.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the anti-collision unit is installed on the side of the magnetic suction member away from the support platform along the radial direction of the column, and is spaced apart from the magnetic suction member; the mounting mechanism further includes an elastic reset member, which is installed between the support platform and the anti-collision unit along the radial direction of the column.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the elastic reset member is made of rubber.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes a chain stopper and a chain. The chain stopper is mounted on the anti-collision unit; one end of the chain is connected to the anti-collision unit, and the other end is connected to the column via the chain stopper; wherein, the control unit controls the chain stopper to switch between a locked state and a released state based on the environmental load received in real time.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides a collision avoidance control method for a floating offshore platform, which is applied to the collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform provided in the first aspect. The collision avoidance control method includes the steps of: acquiring environmental load data and / or platform motion state data in real time; assessing the collision risk between the floating platform and surrounding facilities based on the acquired data; generating control commands to dynamically adjust the collision avoidance parameters of the modular collision avoidance unit set on the outside of the platform column according to the assessed collision risk, and executing the control commands.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: The collision avoidance control method acquires environmental load data and / or platform motion status data in real time and assesses collision risks, enabling the collision avoidance device to sense and understand its environment. For example, in calm seas, control commands can put the collision avoidance unit in standby mode, reducing wear and fluid resistance; while when waves increase and the relative motion between the ship and platform intensifies, risks can be identified in advance and the device can be commanded to enter protective mode, ensuring the collision avoidance unit is in place and ready to perform its collision avoidance function. Dynamic adjustments are achieved, improving the collision avoidance device's ability to cope with different impact levels.

[0015] In one optional implementation, the dynamically adjusted anti-collision parameters include at least one of adjusting the compression amount of the flexible buffer portion in the anti-collision unit and adjusting the tilt angle of the rigid support portion.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, when the environmental load increases or the collision risk rises, the control unit sends an action signal to the electric lock, and the electric lock partially releases or presses the elastic reset member, changing its initial compression amount; wherein, when the compression amount increases, the stiffness of the elastic reset member increases, and it can withstand higher energy impacts; when the compression amount decreases, the stiffness decreases, and it is suitable for absorbing low-frequency small-amplitude collisions.

[0017] In one optional implementation, the process of assessing the collision risk between the floating platform and surrounding facilities includes: real-time acquisition of at least one of the following data: wind speed, wave height, current velocity, and current direction; obtaining the position, distance, and relative motion speed of the surrounding facilities; calculating the minimum distance and collision probability between the platform and surrounding facilities over a future period based on the acquired data and the platform's own six-degree-of-freedom motion response, and updating the calculation results cyclically at least once per second; automatically determining the risk level when the collision probability exceeds a set threshold, and triggering the dynamic adjustment action of the anti-collision unit according to the risk level, wherein the dynamic adjustment action includes at least one of adjusting the stiffness of the rubber compression block, changing the chain length, or enhancing the magnetic attraction force; and sending the assessment results to the central control center. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional simplified view of a collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A partial front view of a collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the anti-collision unit in the anti-collision device for a floating offshore platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Collision-resistant unit; 101. Flexible buffer section; 102. Rigid support section; 2. Columns; 3. Installation mechanism; 301. Support platform; 302. Magnetic suction component; 303. Elastic reset component; 304. Chain stopper; 305. Chain; 306. Electric locking device. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] According to embodiments of the present invention, in one aspect, a collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a collision avoidance unit 1, a mounting mechanism 3, a detection unit, and a control unit.

[0024] The installation mechanism 3 is used to fix the anti-collision unit 1 to the outside of the column 2 of the floating platform; the detection unit is used to monitor the environmental load and / or motion status of the platform in real time; and the control unit is communicatively connected to the detection unit and the installation mechanism 3.

[0025] The control unit is configured to calculate the collision risk value based on the data collected by the detection unit, and control the mounting mechanism 3 to put the anti-collision unit 1 into a protective state when the collision risk value is higher than the first threshold, or control the mounting mechanism 3 to put the anti-collision unit 1 into a standby state when the collision risk value is lower than the second threshold.

[0026] With this setup, the detection unit collects environmental parameters such as wind, waves, and currents, as well as platform motion status data in real time. Combined with the control unit, it dynamically assesses collision risks and actively triggers the protective state of the anti-collision unit 1 when environmental loads change suddenly (such as when a storm arrives). This prevents the floating ball device from drifting or becoming unanchored due to environmental disturbances, ensuring that the protective device is always in an effective working position.

[0027] Meanwhile, the dual-state control strategy (protection state / standby state) based on risk threshold realizes the on-demand allocation of buffer capacity. Under low-risk conditions, the anti-collision unit 1 remains in standby state to reduce the resistance generated by the device, while under high-risk conditions (such as ship approach or large wave impact), the installation mechanism 3 quickly switches the anti-collision unit 1 to full-effect protection mode, forming a graded response mechanism.

[0028] It should be noted that there is no limit to the specific number of anti-collision units 1. They can be reasonably configured as one, two or more anti-collision units 1 according to the structural dimensions of the column 2 of the floating offshore platform, the protection range and the actual working conditions.

[0029] In one implementation, a collision avoidance unit 1 is provided. This single collision avoidance unit 1 is arranged in the area most prone to collision on the outside of the floating offshore platform column 2, such as the side of the column 2 facing the dock or construction vessel. During installation, the collision avoidance unit 1 is fixed to the outer side of the column 2 by the installation mechanism 3. The detection unit monitors the environmental load and the platform's movement status in real time. The control unit controls the collision avoidance unit 1 to switch between a protective state and a standby state based on the collision risk assessment results. This implementation method has a simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for small floating platforms or operating environments with low collision risk.

[0030] Of course, as another implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple anti-collision units 1 are provided. The multiple anti-collision units 1 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the outer periphery of the column 2, and adjacent anti-collision units 1 are connected by flexible connectors (such as chains 305, wire ropes or hinged rods).

[0031] Preferably, multiple anti-collision units 1 are evenly distributed along the outer perimeter of the column 2, forming a continuous annular protective barrier around the column 2. Each anti-collision unit 1 is independently fixed to the outside of the column 2 by the mounting mechanism 3. The flexible connectors between adjacent units ensure the relative positions of each unit while allowing a certain relative displacement between the units when impacted, thereby absorbing collision energy in a coordinated manner. This provides all-round protection for the column 2 and is suitable for large floating platforms or operating scenarios in high-collision-risk sea areas.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the anti-collision unit 1 includes a flexible buffer part 101 and a rigid support part 102. The flexible buffer part 101 is located on the outside of the rigid support part 102, that is, on the side facing away from the floating offshore platform column 2. It is used to make contact with the external object first in the event of a collision and absorb the impact energy through its own deformation. The rigid support part 102 is located on the inside of the flexible buffer part 101 and is used to be fixedly connected to the installation mechanism 3 or directly to the platform column 2 to provide structural support for the flexible buffer part 101.

[0033] With this configuration, when an external object (such as a dock or construction vessel) collides with the anti-collision unit 1, the flexible buffer 101 located on the outside will make priority contact with the colliding object. By utilizing the elastic compression or plastic deformation mechanism of its own material, it will absorb and dissipate most of the kinetic energy generated in the initial stage of the collision, thereby effectively suppressing the peak value of the impact force and preventing the instantaneous impact force from being directly transmitted to the platform column 2.

[0034] Meanwhile, the rigid support 102 on the inner side provides a stable and reliable back support for the flexible buffer 101, preventing the flexible buffer 101 from being crushed unevenly or becoming unstable under huge impact pressure, ensuring that the energy absorption process is smooth and controllable, and extending the service life of the anti-collision unit 1.

[0035] Optionally, the flexible buffer 101 may be made of a polymeric elastic material, such as polyurethane foam, rubber or foamed polyethylene, and its outer surface may be configured with raised dots, corrugations or grooves to enhance friction and cushioning effect.

[0036] Similarly, the rigid support 102 can be made of lightweight, high-strength metal materials or fiber-reinforced composite materials, such as aluminum alloy or marine-grade stainless steel, and it can be fixed together with the flexible buffer 101 by means of vulcanization bonding, bolt connection or slot fitting.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the installation mechanism 3 includes a support platform 301 and a magnetic chuck 302. Along the radial direction of the column 2 of the floating offshore platform, the support platform 301 is installed on the outside of the column 2; while the magnetic chuck 302 is installed on the outside of the support platform 301, that is, the magnetic chuck 302 is installed on the side of the support platform 301 facing away from the column 2, for adsorbing or releasing the anti-collision unit 1.

[0038] With this setup, the anti-collision unit 1 is attached to the outer perimeter of the column 2 by using the magnetic attachment 302. This eliminates the need for complex drilling, welding, or extensive fastening work, enabling rapid installation and disassembly of the anti-collision device. This can shorten offshore construction time and improve construction and maintenance efficiency.

[0039] At the same time, avoid opening through holes or performing welding operations on the platform column 2, thereby eliminating the structural stress concentration, corrosion layer damage and potential fatigue crack risks that may be caused by traditional connection methods, and effectively protecting the structural integrity and corrosion resistance of the platform body.

[0040] Alternatively, the electromagnet can also be a holding electromagnet, also known as a permanent magnet holding electromagnet or a bistable electromagnet. This type of electromagnet integrates a permanent magnet inside and only needs to be energized during state switching. Under normal conditions, it relies on the permanent magnetic force to maintain the adsorption or release state. It has the advantages of low energy consumption and low heat generation, and is particularly suitable for applications such as offshore platforms that have high requirements for energy efficiency and long-term reliability.

[0041] Of course, the magnetic component 302 can also be an electromagnet, which is electrically connected to the control unit and can be remotely controlled by the operator to release or retrieve the anti-collision unit 1 without having to approach it, thereby further improving the safety of the operation.

[0042] Specifically, an electromagnet includes an iron core, an excitation coil, a coil frame, a housing, and lead cables.

[0043] The iron core is made of soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability, such as pure iron, low carbon steel or silicon steel sheets, and is in the form of a cylindrical or square columnar structure. One end of the core is an adsorption working surface, which is used to contact or approach the ferromagnetic components on the anti-collision unit 1.

[0044] The excitation coil is made of insulated copper or aluminum wire and is fitted around the outside of the iron core.

[0045] The coil frame is made of insulating materials, such as engineering plastics or epoxy resin, to fix and support the excitation coil and achieve electrical isolation from the iron core.

[0046] The outer shell is made of stainless steel or antimagnetic material and covers the outside of the iron core and coil, serving to protect and fix them, while also shielding or guiding the magnetic field outside the outer shell.

[0047] One end of the lead cable is electrically connected to the excitation coil, and the other end extends to the outside after passing through the waterproof connector and is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0048] Furthermore, electromagnets can be installed using either embedded or external mounting.

[0049] For example, an installation groove is opened on the outside of the support platform 301, and the electromagnet is embedded in the groove. The adsorption working surface of the electromagnet is flush with or slightly protrudes from the outer side of the support platform 301, so as to minimize the magnetic circuit air gap between the electromagnet and the anti-collision unit 1 and improve the adsorption force.

[0050] For example, the electromagnet is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the support platform 301 by bolts or clamps, with its adsorption working surface facing the anti-collision unit 1. This method facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the electromagnet.

[0051] Accordingly, the anti-collision unit 1 is provided with a ferromagnetic component that is compatible with the magnetic suction component 302, such as a steel plate or a special suction cup. The suction plate is made of a ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability, such as low carbon steel or electrical pure iron, and is fixedly installed on the side of the anti-collision unit 1 facing the support platform 301.

[0052] When the electromagnet is energized, the magnetic force it generates passes through the air gap adsorption plate, thereby firmly locking the anti-collision unit 1 onto the support platform 301; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, the adsorption force between the anti-collision unit 1 and the support platform 301 is released, and the anti-collision unit 1 can be easily disassembled or automatically detached.

[0053] The working process includes: when the control unit determines that the anti-collision unit 1 needs to be fixed in the protective position, it controls the supply of excitation current to the electromagnet, the electromagnet generates a strong magnetic field, attracts the suction plate on the anti-collision unit 1, so that the anti-collision unit 1 is tightly attached to the outer side of the support platform 301, and achieves reliable fixation.

[0054] When the control unit determines that the anti-collision unit 1 needs to be released, for example, when it needs to be removed after the construction task is completed, or when it needs to be actively disconnected under extreme working conditions to avoid overload transmission, the control unit cuts off the excitation current of the electromagnet, the magnetic field disappears, the attraction force is released, and the anti-collision unit 1 can be easily removed or automatically detached under the push of the elastic reset member 303 and other mechanisms.

[0055] Furthermore, to prevent the electromagnet from short-circuiting or corroding in humid or salt water environments, the entire electromagnet is encapsulated with resin.

[0056] In one embodiment, along the radial direction of the floating offshore platform column 2, the anti-collision unit 1 is installed on the side of the magnetic suction member 302 away from the supporting platform 301, and is arranged at a certain distance from the magnetic suction member 302; for example Figure 2 As shown, the installation mechanism 3 also includes an elastic reset member 303, which is installed between the support platform 301 and the anti-collision unit 1 along the radial direction of the column 2.

[0057] This configuration, by adding an elastic reset member 303 between the support platform 301 and the anti-collision unit 1, ensures that when a collision occurs, the flexible buffer 101 of the anti-collision unit 1 contacts the colliding object first. Through elastic or plastic deformation of the material, it absorbs and dissipates most of the initial impact energy, achieving initial mitigation of the peak impact force. Subsequently, when the impact force continues and exceeds the bearing capacity of the flexible buffer 101, the entire anti-collision unit 1 moves inward along the radial direction of the column 2 (i.e., towards the platform column 2 side) under the impact force, thereby compressing the elastic reset member 303 located between it and the support platform 301. This compression process converts the remaining impact kinetic energy into the elastic potential energy of the elastic reset member 303 and stores it, effectively preventing the impact force from being directly and rigidly transmitted to the platform column 2 structure, thus achieving further protection for the platform body.

[0058] Simultaneously, after a collision event, the compressed elastic reset member 303 releases its stored elastic potential energy, pushing the anti-collision unit 1 radially outward, automatically returning to its initial standby state, spaced apart from the magnetic suction member 302. This reset process requires no external power or manual intervention, enabling the anti-collision device to quickly prepare for the next possible collision, ensuring its continuous and effective protective performance under continuous or multiple collision conditions.

[0059] In addition, the elastic reset member 303 is connected to the anti-collision unit 1 and is used to support and fix the anti-collision unit 1.

[0060] Optionally, the elastic reset member 303 can be in the form of a compression spring, a disc spring, a polyurethane elastomer, or a hydraulic damper. The spacing between the anti-collision unit 1 and the magnetic suction member 302 can be optimized according to the expected collision energy and the stiffness parameters of the elastic reset member 303 to balance energy absorption efficiency and reset reliability.

[0061] Preferably, the elastic reset member 303 is made of rubber.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mounting mechanism 3 also includes a chain stopper 304 and a chain 305. The chain stopper 304 is mounted on the anti-collision unit 1; one end of the chain 305 is connected to the anti-collision unit 1, and the other end is connected to the column 2 through the chain stopper 304; wherein, the control unit is communicatively connected to the chain stopper 304, and controls the chain stopper 304 to switch between locked and released states according to the real-time received environmental load data.

[0063] With this configuration, when the control unit determines that the current environmental load is low and the collision risk is small based on the environmental load data (such as wind speed, wave height, and flow velocity) collected by the detection unit, it controls the chain stopper 304 to switch to the released state. In this state, the chain 305 can be freely extended and retracted, and the connection between the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2 is in a loose or flexible connection mode.

[0064] At this time, the anti-collision unit 1 can generate a certain adaptive displacement with the wave or platform movement, reducing the additional resistance of the device to the platform movement and avoiding unnecessary structural fatigue or energy loss of the anti-collision unit 1 due to rigid fixation under low-risk working conditions.

[0065] When the control unit determines that the environmental load is increasing or the risk of collision is increasing (e.g., an approaching storm or a ship approaching), it controls the chain stopper 304 to switch to the locked state. In this state, the chain stopper 304 locks the chain 305, keeping it taut, thereby firmly fixing the anti-collision unit 1 to the preset protective position on the outside of the column 2.

[0066] At this time, a stable force transmission path is formed between the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2, ensuring that the anti-collision unit 1 can absorb the impact energy according to the design path when a collision occurs, effectively protecting the safety of the platform structure.

[0067] Optionally, the chain stopper 304 can be a manually or electrically controlled mechanical chain stopper 304, which has an internal ratchet or wedge locking mechanism to reliably lock the chain 305 and withstand tension. The control unit can dynamically switch the state of the chain stopper 304 according to real-time changes in environmental load, realizing adaptive adjustment of the connection stiffness of the anti-collision unit 1, further improving the adaptability and reliability of the anti-collision device in complex sea conditions.

[0068] Specifically, when the chain stopper 304 is a ratchet-type chain stopper 304, it includes a housing, a ratchet, a pawl, and a drive component. The housing is fixedly mounted on the anti-collision unit 1; the ratchet is rotatably disposed within the housing, with multiple ratchet teeth on its outer circumference, and a chain groove for the chain 305 to pass through or meshing teeth adapted to the chain links of the chain 305; the pawl is oscillatingly mounted within the housing and selectively engages with the ratchet teeth on the outer circumference of the ratchet; the drive component is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to drive the pawl to engage or disengage from the ratchet.

[0069] In use, when the control unit switches the chain stopper 304 to the locked state, the drive unit pushes the pawl to engage with the ratchet teeth, preventing the ratchet from rotating in the release direction, thus preventing the chain 305 from extending outward, and locking the relative position between the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2. When the chain stopper 304 switches to the release state, the drive unit pulls the pawl out of the ratchet teeth, the ratchet can rotate freely in both directions, the chain 305 can be freely extended and retracted, and the anti-collision unit 1 is in a flexible connection state.

[0070] In another embodiment, the chain stopper 304 is a wedge-type chain stopper 304, including a wedge seat, a movable wedge, and an electric push rod. The wedge seat has a tapered hole for the chain 305 to pass through; the movable wedge is disposed in the tapered hole, and its inner surface has teeth that are adapted to the chain links of the chain 305; one end of the electric push rod is fixed to the wedge seat, the other end is connected to the movable wedge, and is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0071] During use, in the locked state, the control unit controls the electric push rod to push the movable wedge towards the small end of the conical hole, so that the movable wedge and the chain 305 generate a self-locking force, thereby locking the chain 305; in the released state, the electric push rod pulls the movable wedge towards the large end of the conical hole in the opposite direction, releasing the self-locking, and the chain 305 can move freely.

[0072] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mounting mechanism 3 also includes an electric locking device 306, which is installed at the connection between the chain 305 and the chain stopper 304.

[0073] That is, when the chain 305 passes through or enters the chain stopper 304, the electric locking device 306 directly locks or releases the chain 305.

[0074] Specifically, the electric locking device 306 includes a locking housing, an electromagnet, a locking pin, and a return spring. The locking housing is fixedly mounted on or integrally formed with the chain stopper 304; the locking pin is slidably disposed within the locking housing; the electromagnet is fixed within the locking housing and electrically connected to the control unit; the return spring is sleeved on the locking pin to provide a return force. The chain 305 has locking holes or chain link gaps through which the locking pin can pass at corresponding chain links.

[0075] When in use, when the control unit determines that the environmental load is low and the collision risk is small, it controls the electromagnet to be de-energized, and the locking pin remains in the retracted state under the action of the return spring. At this time, the chain 305 can move freely, the chain stopper 304 is in the released state, and the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2 are flexibly connected.

[0076] When the control unit determines that the environmental load is increasing or the risk of collision is increasing, it controls the electromagnet to be energized. The electromagnet generates magnetic force to attract the locking pin to extend and insert it into the locking hole of the chain link 305 or the gap of the chain link, thereby locking the relative movement of the chain 305. The chain stopper 304 is in the locked state, and the anti-collision unit 1 is firmly fixed in the preset protection position.

[0077] By directly installing the electric locking device 306 at the connection between the chain 305 and the chain stopper 304, the present invention achieves rapid, reliable, and automated control of the connection status of the anti-collision unit 1, further enhancing the adaptive capability and response speed of the anti-collision device under complex sea conditions.

[0078] The anti-collision device for floating offshore platforms provided in the above embodiments, under normal use, uses a magnetic suction component to provide sufficient attraction force to overcome the pre-pressure of the elastic reset component and the self-weight of the anti-collision unit, keeping the anti-collision unit in a preset position; when the anti-collision unit is subjected to external impact, it moves inward against the magnetic attraction force, compressing the elastic reset component, and the chain is appropriately released under the control of the chain stopper; after the impact subsides, the elastic force of the elastic reset component pushes the anti-collision unit to reset outward, and the magnetic suction component re-attaches and repositions.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a collision avoidance control method for a floating offshore platform is also provided, which is applied to the collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform provided in the first aspect.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the collision avoidance control method includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of environmental load data and / or platform motion status data.

[0081] Specifically, the detection unit collects real-time environmental load data such as wind speed, wave height, and current velocity of the floating offshore platform, and / or the platform's own six degrees of freedom motion data, including roll, pitch, yaw, heave, sway, and sway. The collected data is transmitted to the control unit via wired or wireless means.

[0082] Based on the acquired data, assess the collision risk between the floating platform and surrounding facilities.

[0083] Specifically, the control unit has a built-in data processing and analysis module that performs filtering, feature extraction, and fusion processing on the acquired real-time data.

[0084] Optionally, a preset collision risk assessment model can be used to calculate the collision risk value under the current operating conditions. For example, a logical rule model based on threshold discrimination or a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms can be used. The risk value can be a dimensionless exponent (such as 0~100%) or a specific value corresponding to the collision probability or the estimated impact energy.

[0085] Based on the assessed collision risk, control commands are generated to dynamically adjust the collision protection parameters of the modular anti-collision unit 1 located on the outside of the platform column 2, and the control commands are executed.

[0086] Specifically, the control unit compares the calculated collision risk value with the preset first threshold and second threshold, and generates corresponding control commands accordingly to dynamically adjust the state or parameters of the anti-collision unit 1 by driving the mounting mechanism 3.

[0087] With this setup, the collision avoidance control method acquires environmental load data and / or platform motion state data in real time and assesses collision risks, enabling the collision avoidance device to sense and understand its environment.

[0088] For example, under low-risk conditions, such as calm seas and minimal relative motion between the ship and the platform, the assessed collision risk value is below the second threshold. The control unit generates a command to switch the anti-collision unit 1 to standby mode, which reduces wear and fluid resistance. However, when the wind and waves increase and the relative motion between the ship and the platform intensifies, such as when the chain stopper 304 is released and the magnetic chuck 302 maintains basic adhesion but is not tensioned, the additional resistance of the anti-collision unit 1 to the platform's movement and its own wear are significantly reduced, which helps to save energy and extend the service life of the device.

[0089] In high-risk conditions, such as increased wind and waves, increased relative motion between the ship and the platform, or when an external object is detected approaching, if the assessed collision risk value is higher than the first threshold, the control unit will issue a production command to switch the anti-collision unit 1 to the protective state. For example, the chain stopper 304 will be locked, the elastic reset member 303 will be in a pre-compressed state, and the anti-collision unit 1 will be firmly fixed in the preset protective position, ensuring that the anti-collision unit 1 is in place and ready to effectively absorb impact energy and ensure the safety of the platform structure.

[0090] Of course, when the collision risk value is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the control unit can choose to maintain the current state or fine-tune the collision avoidance parameters.

[0091] In one embodiment, the dynamically adjusted anti-collision parameters include at least one of adjusting the compression amount of the flexible buffer portion 101 in the anti-collision unit 1 and adjusting the tilt angle of the rigid support portion 102.

[0092] With this configuration, by adjusting at least one of the compression amount of the flexible buffer 101 and the tilt angle of the rigid support 102 in real time, the anti-collision characteristics are dynamically matched with the collision kinetic energy, thereby improving the protection capability.

[0093] For example, when a large-energy impact (such as a high-speed collision) is anticipated, the control unit can instruct the actuator to pre-compress the flexible buffer 101, such as an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or an adjustment device linked to the elastic reset member 303, so that it is in a higher stiffness state at the moment of impact contact, thereby providing a greater reaction force to effectively resist and dissipate the huge impact energy and avoid the risk of being instantly broken due to low initial stiffness. In low-risk scenarios, the buffer can be kept in a relaxed state to provide gentle cushioning and reduce material fatigue.

[0094] For example, the rigid support 102 is connected to the column 2 or the support platform 301 by a hinge and is equipped with an angle adjustment driver, such as an electric rotary actuator, a hydraulic swing cylinder or a push rod mechanism. The control unit dynamically adjusts the tilt angle of the rigid support 102 relative to the column 2 in the radial or circumferential direction according to the collision risk assessment results and the estimated collision direction.

[0095] In use, when the system determines through the detection unit that a ship will collide with it at a specific angle and position, it can adjust the angle of the rigid support frame and the entire anti-collision unit 1 in advance to form an inclined guiding surface. When a collision occurs, this inclined surface will not convert all the kinetic energy into a positive impact force, but will decompose the ship's momentum: part of it is absorbed by the deformation of the anti-collision unit 1, and the other part is converted into kinetic energy that causes the ship to slide along the inclined surface, thereby reducing the peak collision force acting on the platform column 2.

[0096] In one embodiment, when the environmental load data collected by the detection unit increases, or the collision risk assessed by the control unit increases, the control unit sends an action signal to the electric locking device 306. The electric locking device 306 is installed at the connection between the chain 305 and the chain stopper 304, and performs operations to partially release or further tighten the elastic reset member 303 according to the action signal, thereby changing the initial compression of the elastic reset member 303.

[0097] For example, when the compression of the elastic reset member 303 increases, its stiffness increases accordingly, enabling it to withstand higher energy impacts and making it suitable for dealing with high-energy collision risks such as storms, large waves, or high-speed approach of ships.

[0098] When the compression of the elastic reset member 303 decreases, its stiffness decreases and the buffer stroke becomes more gentle, making it suitable for absorbing low-frequency small-amplitude collisions or low-energy impacts, and avoiding excessive reaction force due to excessive stiffness.

[0099] With this configuration, the electric locking device 306 actively controls the initial compression of the elastic reset member 303, changes its working point stiffness, and achieves adaptive adjustment of the buffer characteristics.

[0100] When the environmental load increases or the risk of collision rises, the control unit sends an action signal to the electric locking device 306, which partially releases or presses the elastic reset member 303, changing its initial compression.

[0101] As the compression increases, the stiffness of the elastic reset element 303 increases, allowing it to withstand impacts of higher energy. Conversely, when the collision risk is low, the compression decreases, and the stiffness decreases, making it suitable for absorbing low-frequency, small-amplitude collisions.

[0102] For example, when it is necessary to increase the compression (i.e., increase stiffness), the electric locking device 306 further tightens the chain 305, keeping the elastic reset member 303 under a large preload; when it is necessary to decrease the compression, the electric locking device 306 partially releases the chain 305, allowing the elastic reset member 303 to spring back to a smaller preload state. The chain 305, as the force transmission medium, ensures that the deformation energy of the elastic reset member 303 is effectively transmitted between the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2.

[0103] In one embodiment, the process of assessing the collision risk between the floating platform and surrounding facilities includes: real-time acquisition of at least one of wind speed, wave height, current velocity, and current direction, and obtaining the position, distance, and relative motion speed of the surrounding facilities; based on the acquired data and the platform's own six-degree-of-freedom motion response, calculating the minimum distance and collision probability between the platform and surrounding facilities in the future, and updating the calculation results cyclically at a frequency of at least once per second; when the collision probability exceeds a set threshold, automatically determining the risk level, and triggering the dynamic adjustment action of the anti-collision unit 1 according to the risk level, the dynamic adjustment action including adjusting the stiffness of the rubber compression block, changing the length of the chain 305, or enhancing the magnetic attraction force at least one; and sending the assessment results to the central control center.

[0104] Specifically, the detection unit collects at least one environmental load data in real time, including wind speed, wave height, current velocity, and current direction, such as wind speed sensor, wave height meter, acoustic Doppler current profiler, etc. At the same time, the location, distance, and speed of movement relative to the floating platform of surrounding facilities (such as docks, construction vessels, installation platforms, or other vessels) are obtained through equipment such as radar, lidar, visual cameras, or AIS (Automatic Identification System for Ships).

[0105] Based on the collected environmental data and information on surrounding facilities, combined with the floating platform's own six-degree-of-freedom motion response model, including roll, pitch, yaw, heave, sway, and sway, the minimum distance and collision probability between the platform and surrounding facilities within a future time window are calculated, such as the next 30 seconds to 5 minutes. This can be set according to the platform's response characteristics. The calculation can be performed using numerical prediction methods (such as time-domain simulation combined with Kalman filtering) or prediction models based on machine learning algorithms.

[0106] To ensure the real-time nature and accuracy of the risk assessment, the above calculations are updated cyclically at least once per second. That is, the control unit recalculates the minimum distance and collision probability for the future at least once per second, thereby capturing the rapidly changing marine environment and platform motion status.

[0107] When the calculated collision probability exceeds a preset threshold, the control unit automatically determines the current risk level, such as classifying it into low, medium, and high levels, or more detailed levels. Based on the determined risk level, the control unit generates corresponding control commands, triggering the anti-collision unit 1 to execute one or more dynamic adjustment actions.

[0108] The dynamic adjustment actions include adjusting the stiffness of the elastic reset member 303, changing the length of the chain 305, and adjusting the magnetic attraction force.

[0109] The process of adjusting the stiffness of the elastic reset member 303 includes: changing the initial compression of the rubber compression block to adjust its buffer stiffness to match the estimated collision energy.

[0110] The process of changing the length of chain 305 includes: adjusting the effective length of the connecting chain 305 between the anti-collision unit 1 and the column 2 by releasing or locking the chain stopper 304, thereby changing the movable range and buffer stroke of the anti-collision unit 1.

[0111] The process of adjusting the magnetic attraction force includes: for embodiments that use an electromagnet as the magnetic attraction element 302, increasing the excitation current to enhance the magnetic attraction force, ensuring that the anti-collision unit 1 is firmly fixed in the preset protective position under the risk of strong collision.

[0112] The control unit transmits real-time collision risk assessment data, including collision probability, risk level, and trigger actions, to a remote control center via wired or wireless communication for operators to monitor and archive. The control center can then use this data for overall operation scheduling or to issue early warnings.

[0113] This configuration, by integrating environmental load data, dynamic information from surrounding facilities, and the platform's six-degree-of-freedom motion response, and updating it cyclically, can promptly capture transient changes in the marine environment. Compared to static assessments, this improves the accuracy and speed of risk prediction, effectively reducing the possibility of missed or false alarms.

[0114] Meanwhile, the collision probability is correlated with the risk level, and different dynamic adjustment actions are automatically triggered according to the level, realizing an adaptive protection strategy where the higher the risk, the stronger the protection.

[0115] For example, in low-risk situations, only low-energy-consumption actions are performed (such as slightly increasing the magnetic attraction force); in medium-risk situations, the stiffness adjustment of the rubber compression block and the fine adjustment of the length of the chain 305 are triggered; in high-risk situations, the maximum pre-compression of the rubber compression block, the locking of the chain 305 to the shortest length, and the full magnetic attraction of the electromagnet are performed simultaneously, so that the anti-collision unit 1 enters the highest protection state.

[0116] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A collision avoidance device for floating offshore platforms, characterized in that, include: Anti-collision unit (1); The mounting mechanism (3) is used to fix the anti-collision unit (1) to the outside of the column (2) of the floating offshore platform; The detection unit is used to monitor environmental loads and / or motion status in real time; The control unit is communicatively connected to the detection unit and the mounting mechanism (3); The control unit is configured to: calculate the collision risk value based on the data collected by the detection unit, and control the installation mechanism (3) to put the anti-collision unit (1) in a protective state when the collision risk value is higher than a first threshold, or control the installation mechanism (3) to put the anti-collision unit (1) in a standby state when the collision risk value is lower than a second threshold.

2. The anti-collision device for floating offshore platforms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-collision unit (1) includes a flexible buffer (101) and a rigid support (102). The flexible buffer (101) is disposed on the outside of the rigid support (102) and is used to absorb impact energy during a collision.

3. The anti-collision device for a floating offshore platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation mechanism (3) includes: A support platform (301) is installed on the outside of the column (2) along the radial direction of the column (2); A magnetic suction element (302) is installed on the outside of the support platform (301) along the radial direction of the column (2). The magnetic suction element (302) is used to attract the anti-collision unit (1).

4. The anti-collision device for a floating offshore platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the column (2), the anti-collision unit (1) is installed on the side of the magnetic suction member (302) away from the support platform (301) and is arranged at intervals from the magnetic suction member (302); The installation mechanism (3) also includes: An elastic reset member (303) is installed between the support platform (301) and the anti-collision unit (1) along the radial direction of the column (2).

5. The anti-collision device for a floating offshore platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic reset component (303) is made of rubber.

6. The anti-collision device for a floating offshore platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation mechanism (3) also includes: Chain stopper (304), the chain stopper (304) is installed on the anti-collision unit (1); Chain (305), one end of which is connected to the anti-collision unit (1), and the other end is connected to the column (2) through the chain stopper (304); The control unit controls the chain stopper (304) to switch between locked and released states based on the environmental load received in real time.

7. A collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms, characterized in that, A collision avoidance device for a floating offshore platform as described in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps: Real-time acquisition of environmental load data and / or platform motion status data; Based on the acquired data, assess the collision risk between the floating platform and surrounding facilities; Based on the assessed collision risk, control commands are generated to dynamically adjust the collision protection parameters of the modular anti-collision unit (1) set on the outside of the platform column (2) and execute the control commands.

8. The collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dynamically adjustable anti-collision parameters include at least one of the following: adjusting the compression amount of the flexible buffer part (101) in the anti-collision unit (1) and adjusting the tilt angle of the rigid support part (102).

9. The collision avoidance control method for floating offshore platforms according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the environmental load increases or the collision risk increases, the control unit sends an action signal to the electric locking device (306), and the electric locking device (306) partially releases or presses the elastic reset member (303), changing its initial compression amount; When the compression increases, the stiffness of the elastic reset component (303) increases, and it can withstand impacts with higher energy; when the compression decreases, the stiffness decreases, and it is suitable for absorbing low-frequency small-amplitude collisions.

10. The collision avoidance control method for a floating offshore platform according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of assessing the collision risk between a floating platform and surrounding facilities includes: Real-time acquisition of at least one of the following data: wind speed, wave height, current speed, and current direction; and acquisition of the location, distance, and relative speed of surrounding facilities. Based on the collected data and the platform's own six-degree-of-freedom motion response, the minimum distance and collision probability between the platform and surrounding facilities in the future period are calculated, and the calculation results are updated cyclically at a frequency of at least once per second. When the collision probability exceeds the set threshold, the risk level is automatically determined, and the dynamic adjustment action of the anti-collision unit (1) is triggered according to the risk level. The dynamic adjustment action includes at least one of adjusting the stiffness of the rubber compression block, changing the length of the chain (305) or enhancing the magnetic attraction force. The evaluation results were sent to the central control center.

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