A quick positioning and installing method for pin shafts in narrow and shielded areas

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, sheltered area, comprising the following steps: S1, hoisting the skirt panel into position and adjusting its location so that the pin hole on its tongue plate aligns with the pin hole on the float box tongue plate; S2, the worker slowly lowers the pin onto the guide plate outside the skirt panel tongue plate, automatically aligning the pin's central axis with the pin hole; S3, loosening the pin lifting sling and hammering the pin into the pin hole, stopping when the edge of the groove on the pin's upper baffle is initially flush with the skirt panel tongue plate; S4, embedding the shaft end baffle into the baffle groove and connecting and fixing it to the skirt panel tongue plate with bolts; S5, after the pin is installed, the crane slowly unloads and releases the hook; S6, for subsequent pin removal and maintenance, the above steps are performed in reverse order. This invention eliminates the need for welding, making construction fast, simple, and efficient; it also avoids the safety risks of workers entering confined spaces and pin falling, thus improving construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and specifically to a method for rapid positioning and installation of pins in confined, sheltered areas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the skirt structures at the bow and stern of floating docks are generally connected to the floating dock in two ways: one is by welding to connect the skirt structure to the pontoon structure; the other is by mechanically connecting the skirt and pontoon by setting perforated tongue plates and pins at the connection point.

[0003] For the second type of connection mentioned above, under current technological conditions, the following methods are typically used to install the pins on the bow and stern skirt structures of the floating dock: The first step is to use a crane to hoist the skirt panels into place in sections, and then fine-tune the positions of the skirt panel sections to ensure that the pin holes on both sides are aligned.

[0004] The second step is to use scaffolding or aerial work platforms to assist construction workers in entering the pin installation areas on both sides and installing the pins into the pin holes.

[0005] The third step is to complete the welding of the end plate of the pin shaft and the installation of the fixing bolts.

[0006] Based on the processing of the second connection method described above, the following main problems exist: 1. Due to the narrow space between the skirt panels, with a spacing of only about 650mm, if traditional construction methods are used, there will be insufficient space to erect scaffolding or use aerial work platforms. In some cases, the space may be too limited to allow scaffolding to be erected or aerial work platform booms to enter.

[0007] 2. The skirt panel pins are quite heavy, typically weighing 30 to 40 kg each. Installers must lift the pins from top to bottom through the openings in the top cover plates of each skirt panel section, and then insert them horizontally into the pin holes. Without auxiliary tools, it is difficult for installers to quickly install the pins into the pin holes manually.

[0008] 3. The inspection hole (outfitting cover plate opening) above the pin is small, making it difficult for construction personnel to directly observe the alignment of the pin and the pin hole during pin installation, which causes installation difficulties and often prolongs the installation period.

[0009] 4. During the installation of the pin, because the pin itself is a cylinder with a tapered surface at one end and has no auxiliary lifting force points on its outer surface, it is prone to slippage. Once slippage occurs, the pin will fall directly to the ground below, posing a risk of falling objects to the installation personnel and surrounding workers.

[0010] 5. If the floating dock skirt pin needs to be disassembled for inspection, the weld between the end baffle of the pin and the pin body must be cut first. Then, the pin can be removed by two groups of people working together on both sides of the pin (one end is knocked out and the other end is pulled out, and then it is moved to the floating box deck). The construction process has the disadvantages of complicated procedures, personnel needing to enter a small area for hot work, risk of injury from falling objects, and high construction costs.

[0011] In summary, the existing pin connection installation methods for skirt structures have drawbacks such as limited construction space, large weight, poor convenience, difficult installation, low efficiency, high construction cost, and insufficient safety. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a pin installation method that combines convenient construction, low cost, and high safety. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a method for quick positioning and installation of pins in narrow, obscured areas.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a narrow, obscured area, comprising the following process steps: S1. The skirt panel sections to be installed are hoisted into place by a crane, and the positions of the skirt panel sections and the corresponding main hull pontoons are adjusted so that the pin holes on the tongue plates of the skirt panels are aligned with the pin holes on the tongue plates of the pontoons.

[0014] S2. The construction workers lower the pin into place on the floating box deck and slowly place it on the guide plate on the outside of the tongue plate of the skirt section, with the center axis of the pin aligned with the pin hole.

[0015] S3. Loosen the slings and install the pin into the corresponding pin hole, passing through the above-mentioned skirt segment tongue plate and float box tongue plate; the pin is provided with a baffle groove, and the installation is stopped when the edge of the baffle groove is initially flush with the skirt segment tongue plate.

[0016] S4. The construction personnel insert the shaft end baffle into the baffle groove of the above-mentioned pin shaft, and connect and fix it to the above-mentioned skirt plate segment tongue plate with bolts.

[0017] S5. After the pin is installed, the crane slowly releases the force; when the pin is clamped to the above-mentioned skirt panel segment tongue plate and float box tongue plate and is under force, the skirt panel segment installation is completed and the crane hook is released.

[0018] S6. When dismantling and repairing the pin shaft, follow the steps above in reverse order. After the crane hook is under force, remove the shaft end baffle, then pull out the pin shaft and lift it out with slings.

[0019] Furthermore, one end of the pin is a frustum-shaped structure, and a handle is fixedly installed at the other end; a baffle groove is opened on the circumferential side wall of the pin near the handle mounting end, and the aforementioned shaft end baffle can be inserted into the baffle groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the length of the shaft end baffle is greater than the diameter of the aforementioned pin hole, and a bolt hole is provided at its end. The side of the aforementioned skirt segment tongue plate facing the shaft end baffle is also provided with bolt holes, at least two of which are located on both sides of the vertical center line of the aforementioned pin hole.

[0021] Furthermore, a safety chain is fixed to each segment of the skirt panel, and the lower end of the safety chain is detachably connected to the aforementioned handle.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the guide plate is an arc-shaped guide plate, which is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the segmented tongue plate of the skirt plate. Its upper inner arc surface is flush with the lower arc segment of the pin hole. When the pin is placed on the guide plate, it can be smoothly hammered into the pin hole.

[0023] Furthermore, during the removal and maintenance of the pin in step S6, a single construction worker uses a crowbar for assistance, using the handle as the force point to pry the pin out onto the guide plate, and then lifts it out using slings.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By modifying the pin body and tongue plate structure, the present invention achieves pin fixing through a purely mechanical connection, eliminating the need for welding operations. This facilitates both installation and disassembly for maintenance, reducing construction difficulty. At the same time, it avoids the safety risks of construction personnel entering the narrow space between the skirt plate segments and performing welding operations therein.

[0025] (2) The construction method of the present invention has low cost and does not require the assistance of scaffolding, aerial work vehicles and other equipment; the installation and dismantling personnel do not need to cooperate at both ends of the pin shaft, and only a single group of personnel (1 to 3 people) is needed to complete the installation / dismantling construction, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid installation.

[0026] (3) The construction method of the present invention has simple construction steps. The guide plate is used to realize the self-positioning of the shaft center and temporary storage support. There is no need for manual lifting to align the center axis of the pin shaft and the pin shaft hole, and the construction time is short.

[0027] (4) The present invention utilizes the design of a safety chain to attach the pin handle, which can effectively avoid the risk of personal injury and property damage caused by the pin falling during construction, improve construction safety, and achieve the purpose of safe installation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the work of construction personnel during the connection and installation of the skirt panel sections with the main hull pontoons in the existing technology. Figure 2 A side view of the connection between the skirt section and the main hull pontoon in the prior art; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology for fixing the skirt panel sections to the main hull pontoons using pin shafts. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the work of construction personnel during the connection and installation of the skirt panel sections with the main hull pontoons in this invention; Figure 5 This is a side view showing the connection between the skirt section and the main hull pontoon in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the method for fixing the skirt panel sections to the main hull pontoons in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the assembly of the pin and the shaft end baffle in this invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the assembly of the pin and the shaft end baffle in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pin lowering operation in the process steps of this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pin assembly operation in the process steps of this invention; In the diagram: 1. Skirt section, 2. Main hull pontoon, 3. Pontoon deck, 4. Skirt section tongue plate, 5. Pontoon tongue plate, 6. Pin hole, 7. Guide plate, 8. Pin, 9. Shaft end baffle, 10. Narrow space between skirts, 11. Scaffolding, 12. Skirt top outfitting cover plate, 13. Safety chain, 14. Bolt hole, 15. Bolt, 81. Conical end, 82. Baffle groove, 83. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "coaxial", "top surface", and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are only used to facilitate the description of the structural relationship between the components in this invention and do not specifically mean that any component in this invention must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, or be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, regarding the connection between the skirt section 1 and the main hull pontoon 2 via perforated tongue plates and pins, traditional pin installation requires the use of scaffolding 11 or aerial work platforms to assist construction workers in entering the narrow space 10 between the skirt sections to align and insert the pin into the pin hole. Subsequently, a square-holeed end plate is fitted onto the pin and welded to it, simultaneously welding it to the skirt section tongue plate 4 to complete the pin's load-bearing and fixed installation. This traditional construction process presents numerous problems; therefore, a rapid pin positioning and installation method for confined, sheltered areas was designed.

[0032] A method for rapid pin positioning and installation in confined, sheltered areas relies on a novel pin structure and segmented skirt panel structure. Combined with... Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the pin 8 is a cylindrical structure with a tapered surface at one end, forming a frustum structure; a handle 83, made of round steel, is welded and fixed to the pin end face away from its frustum end 81; a baffle groove 82 is provided on the circumferential side wall of the pin 8 near the handle end, and a shaft end baffle 9 can be embedded inside it.

[0033] In this invention, the shaft end baffle 9 has a long strip structure, and each of its two ends is provided with a bolt hole 14.

[0034] Each skirt segment 1 typically has two skirt segment tongue plates 4, located at both ends of the skirt segment 1 facing the main hull pontoon 2, at the same horizontal height, and corresponding one-to-one with the pontoon tongue plates 5 on the main hull pontoon 2; the pontoon tongue plates 5 have transverse through pin holes 6. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each individual skirt panel segment tongue plate 4 fixed on the skirt panel segment 1 consists of two tongue plates spaced apart from each other, each with a horizontally penetrating pin hole 6. A guide plate 7 is welded and fixed to the outermost tongue plate of the individual skirt panel segment tongue plate 4. The guide plate 7 is an arc-shaped guide plate 7, positioned directly below the pin hole 6, with its upper inner arc surface flush with the lower arc segment of the pin hole 6. To further enhance the strength of the guide plate 7, a reinforcing rib is welded and fixed between the bottom of the guide plate 7 and the skirt panel segment tongue plate 4, and is perpendicular to it.

[0035] The skirt panel segment tongue plate 4 is also provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bolt holes 14 on the shaft end baffle 9, located on the same side of the guide plate 7, and the distance between the two bolt holes is greater than the diameter of the pin hole 6, and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical central axis of the pin hole 6; the length of the shaft end baffle 9 is greater than the distance between the two bolt holes, so that the bolt holes 14 on it can be aligned with the bolt holes on the skirt panel segment tongue plate 4.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, a safety chain 13 is also provided on the skirt panel segment 1. One end of the safety chain 13 is connected to a welding eye ring, which is welded and fixed to the skirt panel segment structure; the other end is detachably connected to the handle 83 of the aforementioned pin 8.

[0037] A method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area includes the following steps: S1. The skirt section 1 to be installed is hoisted into place by a crane. The position of the skirt section 1 and the corresponding main hull pontoon 2 are adjusted by the crane and corresponding auxiliary tools so that the pontoon tongue plate 5 on the main hull pontoon 2 is inserted between the two tongue plates of the skirt section tongue plate 4, and the pin hole 6 on the skirt section tongue plate 4 is aligned with the pin hole 6 on the pontoon tongue plate 5, ensuring that the alignment deviation of the pin hole 6 meets the installation requirements of the pin 8.

[0038] S2, Reference Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the construction workers connect the movable end of the safety chain 13 to the handle 83 of the pin 8 on the floating deck 3. The pin 8 can be lowered into position through the opening of the outfitting cover plate 12 at the top of the skirt board using only the safety chain 13 or by connecting a rope to the handle 83 of the pin 8. This allows the pin 8 to be slowly placed on the guide plate 7 on the outside of the tongue-shaped plate 4 of the skirt board segment, with the conical end 81 of the pin 8 pointing towards the tongue-shaped plate 4 of the skirt board segment. Because the guide plate 7 has an arc-shaped structure, the central axis of the cylindrical pin 8 is aligned with the central axis of the pin hole 6 under its own weight and arc shape, eliminating the need for an additional axis alignment process and reducing the lifting workload of the construction workers.

[0039] The length of the aforementioned safety chain 13 must be greater than the vertical distance between the pin hole 6 and the floating deck 3, so as to facilitate the lifting of the pin 8 to the floating deck 3 and the lowering of it to the guide plate 7.

[0040] S3. After lowering the pin 8 onto the guide plate 7, loosen the pin lifting slings except for the safety chain 13, such as the aforementioned ropes. The guide plate 7 provides temporary support and guidance for the installation of the pin 8. Subsequently, the construction workers use tools such as a hammer to drive the pin 8 into the corresponding pin hole 6, passing through the aforementioned skirt segment tongue plate 4 and float box tongue plate 5. The installation process is as follows: Figure 11 As shown. The hammering should stop when the edge of the groove 82 on the upper baffle of the pin 8 is initially flush with the segmented tongue plate 4 of the skirt.

[0041] S4. The construction personnel insert and install the long strip-shaped shaft end baffle 9 into the baffle groove 82 of the aforementioned pin 8. By rotating the handle 83, the position and angle of the shaft end baffle 9 are finely adjusted so that the bolt holes 14 at both ends are aligned with the bolt holes on the aforementioned skirt segment tongue plate 4. Then, the shaft end baffle 9 and the skirt segment tongue plate 4 are connected and fixed by passing the bolts 15 through the bolt holes, thereby locking the pin 8 and the skirt segment tongue plate 4, and thus connecting the pin 8, shaft end baffle 9, and skirt segment tongue plate 4 into a whole without the need for welding.

[0042] After S5 and pin 8 are installed, the crane slowly releases the force; when pin 8 is clamped and stressed with the above-mentioned skirt panel segment tongue plate 4 and float box tongue plate 5, the skirt panel segment 1 is installed and the crane hook is released. The construction workers then install and cover the top of the skirt panel with outfitting cover plate 12.

[0043] S6. When dismantling and repairing the pin 8, follow the steps above in reverse order. First, use the crane hook to apply force and then remove the bolts 15 used to fix the shaft end baffle 9 to complete the dismantling of the shaft end baffle 9. Then, the construction personnel use a pry bar to pry the pin 8 out onto the guide plate 7 with the handle 83 as the force point, and then lift it out with slings.

[0044] Based on actual usage calculations, when using the above installation method to install the skirt panels of the floating dock with pin shafts, the assembly time for a single skirt panel segment 1 is approximately 15 minutes; if the traditional installation scheme for the skirt panels of the floating dock with pin shafts is adopted, the assembly time for a single skirt panel segment 1 is estimated to be approximately 2 hours.

[0045] Taking a 93,500-ton floating dock as an example, a single vessel has a total of 18 skirt sections 1. The assembly, dismantling, and storage of all skirt sections 1 can save approximately 60 hours of gantry crane operation time (equipment depreciation of 960 yuan per hour); at the same time, it saves 72 pieces / times of assembly support tooling, reducing production preparation time by approximately 110 hours (the unit price for this type of work is 43.75 yuan per hour); the total cost savings are approximately 62,500 yuan. By reducing the time occupied by the 600-ton gantry crane, the loading efficiency is effectively improved, and the overall docking period for the vessel can be shortened by approximately 5 days. The above installation method can be used for the installation of all similar hull structures that use pin-fixation.

[0046] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: S1. The skirt panel sections to be installed are hoisted into place by a crane, and the positions of the skirt panel sections and the corresponding main hull pontoons are adjusted so that the pin holes on the tongue plates of the skirt panels are aligned with the pin holes on the tongue plates of the pontoons. S2. The construction workers lower the pin into place on the floating box deck and slowly place it on the guide plate on the outside of the tongue plate of the skirt section, with the center axis of the pin aligned with the pin hole mentioned above. S3. Loosen the slings and install the pin into the corresponding pin hole, passing through the above-mentioned skirt panel segment tongue plate and float box tongue plate; the pin is provided with a baffle groove, and the installation is stopped when the edge of the baffle groove is initially flush with the skirt panel segment tongue plate. S4. The construction personnel insert the shaft end baffle into the baffle groove of the above-mentioned pin shaft, and connect and fix it to the above-mentioned skirt plate segmented tongue plate with bolts; S5. After the pin is installed, the crane slowly releases the force; when the pin is clamped and stressed with the above-mentioned skirt panel segment tongue plate and float box tongue plate, the skirt panel segment installation is completed, and the crane releases the hook; S6. When dismantling and repairing the pin shaft, follow the steps above in reverse order. After the crane hook is under force, remove the shaft end baffle, then pull out the pin shaft and lift it out with slings.

2. The method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pin is a frustoconical structure, and a handle is fixedly installed at the other end; a baffle groove is opened on the circumferential side wall of the pin near the handle mounting end, and the aforementioned shaft end baffle can be inserted into the baffle groove.

3. The method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the shaft end baffle is greater than the diameter of the pin hole, and a bolt hole is provided at its end. The side of the skirt segment tongue plate facing the shaft end baffle is also provided with bolt holes, at least two of which are located on both sides of the vertical center line of the pin hole.

4. The method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area according to claim 2, characterized in that: Safety chains are fixed to the segments of the skirt panel, and the lower end of the safety chains is detachably connected to the handles mentioned above.

5. The method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the guide plate is an arc-shaped guide plate, which is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the tongue-shaped plate of the skirt panel segment. Its upper inner arc surface is flush with the lower arc segment of the pin hole. When the pin is placed on the guide plate, it can be smoothly hammered into the pin hole.

6. The method for rapid positioning and installation of a pin in a confined, shaded area according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S6, when the pin is removed and repaired, a single construction worker uses a crowbar to pry the pin out onto the guide plate with the handle as the force point, and then lifts it out with slings.

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