A variable direction belt conveyor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of belt conveyors, and discloses a reversible belt conveyor, which comprises a reversing belt mechanism and a supporting roller mechanism. The main rotating shaft of the supporting roller mechanism is connected with the guard plate through a supporting mechanism at both ends, and the main rotating shaft is covered with liquid capsules at both sides. When the material is unbalanced, the hydraulic pressure generated by the liquid capsules under pressure drives the lever in the supporting mechanism to swing, the lever pushes the wedge-shaped block, the wedge-shaped block lifts the jack and the bearing ring through the inclined surface, the heavy load side of the main rotating shaft is lifted and upward compensation support force is applied to the belt, so as to offset the influence of unbalanced load and actively prevent the belt from deviating and being abraded. After the unbalanced load is eliminated, the supporting mechanism is reset by the spring. The present application is compact in structure, quick in response, and realizes active correction of deviation in a pure mechanical mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of belt conveyor technology, specifically a variable-direction belt conveyor. Background Technology

[0002] Belt conveyors, especially reversible belt conveyors, are widely used in mining, metallurgy, ports, chemical and other fields. During the conveying process, uneven material loading, equipment installation errors, or centrifugal force on the belt at bends can easily lead to uneven material distribution on the belt cross-section, i.e., off-center loading.

[0003] Uneven load can cause a series of serious problems: uneven load results in uneven tension on both sides of the belt, causing the belt to shift towards the heavily loaded side, which in severe cases can lead to friction between the belt edge and the frame, or even derailment; the misaligned belt will experience severe sliding friction with components such as idlers and guide rollers, resulting in severe wear on the belt edge and greatly shortening the belt's service life; uneven load and uneven wear will be transmitted to idlers, rollers, and bearings, causing premature damage to these core components and increasing maintenance costs; belt misalignment can cause material to spill during the conveying process, polluting the environment and increasing cleanup costs.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a belt support and correction device that can respond instantly to off-center load conditions, actively prevent off-center loads, and has a simple structure that does not require an external power source. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a variable-direction belt conveyor and its support mechanism, which aims to solve the problems of belt misalignment and uneven wear caused by uneven material loading.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A reversible belt conveyor includes a reversible belt mechanism and multiple support roller mechanisms, characterized in that: the support roller mechanism 20 includes a main shaft with liquid bladders covering both sides of the main shaft, and both ends of the main shaft are connected to the guard plates on both sides of the reversible belt mechanism via support mechanisms; the liquid bladders are adhered to the outside of the main shaft and have the same outer diameter as the main shaft, and are used to detect the off-center load of the material in the reversible belt mechanism and provide hydraulic power for adjusting the support mechanism; the support mechanisms are used to apply an upward supporting force locally on one side of the reversible belt mechanism to counteract the off-center load of the transported material and actively prevent belt misalignment and wear.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, connecting ends are fixedly provided at both ends of the main shaft, and the connecting ends are rotatably connected to the inside of the bearing ring. This structure provides rotational support for the main shaft.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, liquid pipes are provided on the inner sides of both ends of the main rotating shaft. One end of the liquid pipe is connected to the inside of the liquid bladder, and the other end of the liquid pipe is connected to the input port of the liquid cylinder. One end of the liquid cylinder is fixed to the center of the connecting end. The outer end of the piston rod of the liquid cylinder is rotatably connected to a first roller. This is the core structure of the "signal acquisition and energy conversion" of the present invention: the hydraulic oil generated by the pressure of the liquid bladder enters the liquid cylinder through the liquid pipe and pushes the piston rod to extend.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support mechanism includes a back plate, a base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the back plate, a wedge block is slidably abutted against the top of the base plate, and limit plates are slidably engaged on both sides of the wedge block. The bottom of the limit plate is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, and the limit plate is used to restrict the movement direction of the wedge block so that it can only slide back and forth along the base plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end face of the wedge block abuts against the output end of the lever, the fulcrum of the lever is rotatably connected to the hinge block, the hinge block is fixed to one side of the back plate, and the input end of the lever abuts against one side of the top plate. The lever realizes the conversion of the direction of force and the amplification of its magnitude.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limiting groove is formed on the other side of the top plate, and a first roller rolls in the limiting groove. Supporting sliding columns are symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the top plate. One end of the supporting sliding column is fixed to the side wall of the back plate. The supporting sliding column provides guidance for the top plate and ensures that it moves backward smoothly when subjected to force. The cooperation between the roller and the groove converts the rotational motion into a reliable linear thrust.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of a spring is fixedly connected to each side of the rear end face of the wedge block, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the back plate. When the off-center load is eliminated, the spring can automatically reset the wedge block to prepare for the next action.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bearing ring is symmetrically fixed with limiting slide bars on both sides, the limiting slide bars are slidably connected to the inside of the slide block, a support rod is fixed to one side of the slide block, and the other end of the support rod is fixed to the side wall of the back plate. This structure provides a stable and vertically sliding guide for the bearing ring and the main rotating shaft inside.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the bearing ring is fixed to one end of the push rod. The bottom end of the push rod is inclined and has a plurality of second rollers arranged in a rotatable manner. The second rollers roll against the inclined end of the front part of the wedge block. This is the final execution component. Through the cooperation of the rollers and the inclined surface, the horizontal movement of the wedge block is converted into the vertical lifting of the push rod and the bearing ring above.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two sides of the back plate are slidably engaged with the quick-release groove and fixedly installed by locking screws, and the rear side of the quick-release groove is fixed to the inner side wall of the protective plate. The quick-release structure facilitates the rapid installation, replacement, and maintenance of the entire support mechanism.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] Proactive prevention, no delay: Unlike the traditional passive mode of correcting deviation after it occurs, this invention can take action the moment the off-center load occurs, achieving immediate and proactive preventive support.

[0019] Purely mechanical feedback, high reliability: The entire detection, control and execution chain is completed entirely by hydraulic and mechanical mechanisms, without any power supply, sensors or controllers. It has extremely high reliability and safety under harsh working conditions (high dust, high humidity, explosion risk) and is almost maintenance-free.

[0020] Completely solve the root cause of uneven wear: By actively increasing support from the bottom to balance the load, instead of pushing the belt hard from the side as in the traditional method, the abnormal friction between the belt and the idler is reduced from the root, which can significantly extend the service life of the belt and the idler.

[0021] Compact structure and easy to modify: The present invention adopts a modular design, and its support mechanism (30) can be easily integrated into the existing belt conveyor frame through quick-release slide (31), which is suitable for the modification and upgrading of various new and old equipment.

[0022] Good adaptability: The mechanism can automatically adjust the lifting force according to the degree of off-center load, so as to achieve adaptive follow-up support. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the support roller mechanism and the connection structure of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an enlarged three-dimensional view of the structure at point A of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the connection structure between the push rod and the second roller of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the connection structure between the bearing ring and the sliding block of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the enlarged structure of part B in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a half-sectional view of the main rotating shaft and the liquid bladder connection structure of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 10 Reversing belt mechanism, 11 Guard plate, 20 Support roller mechanism, 21 Main shaft, 211 Connecting end, 22 Liquid bladder, 23 Liquid pipeline, 24 Liquid cylinder, 241 Piston rod, 25 First roller, 30 Support mechanism, 31 Quick release groove, 311 Locking screw, 32 Back plate, 33 Base plate, 34 Limiting plate, 35 Wedge block, 36 Lever, 361 Hinge block, 37 Spring, 38 Top plate, 381 Limiting roller groove, 39 Supporting roller, 310 Bearing ring, 3101 Limiting strip, 311 Slide block, 3111 Support rod, 312 Top rod, 3121 Second roller. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a reversible belt conveyor, the core improvement of which lies in the fact that a set of symmetrical support mechanisms 30 are installed at both ends of its support roller mechanism 20. This reversible belt conveyor can be a horizontal turning conveyor or a reversible conveyor.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each support roller mechanism 20 includes a main shaft 21. The surface of the main shaft (21), especially in the area near the sides, is adhered with annular liquid bladders 22. The outer diameter of the liquid bladders 22 is flush with the outer diameter of the main shaft 21 to ensure that it does not cause additional obstruction to the belt operation. The liquid bladders 22 are made of highly elastic, oil-resistant, and wear-resistant rubber or polyurethane material and are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0036] The main rotating shaft 21 is a hollow structure with a liquid pipe 23 inside. One end of the liquid pipe 23 is connected to the internal cavity of the liquid bladder 22, and the other end is connected to the oil inlet of the liquid cylinder 24 fixed at the center of the connecting end 211. The connecting end 211 is fixed to both ends of the main rotating shaft 21 by bolts or welding. The bearing ring 310 is sleeved on the outer ring of the connecting end 211 and is rotatably connected by the bearing.

[0037] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the piston rod 241 of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the first roller 25 via a pin. In the non-working state, the first roller 25 is freely accommodated in the limiting groove 381 of the top plate 38. The top plate 38 can slide horizontally on two parallel support slides 39, one end of which is fixed to the back plate 32.

[0038] When the liquid bladder 22 is squeezed, the high-pressure oil pushes the piston rod 241 and the first roller 25 outward. The first roller 25 then drives the top plate 38 to... Figure 7 Sliding to one side, the right end face of the top plate 38 pushes the input end of the lever 36. The fulcrum of the lever 36 is connected to the hinge block 361 fixed on the back plate 32 through the pin. The output end of the lever 36 abuts against the rear end face of the wedge block 35. Through the lever action of the lever 36, the force and displacement at the input end can be transmitted to the output end in an amplified form.

[0039] Driven by lever 36, wedge block 35 slides horizontally forward on base plate 33. In order to limit the movement direction of wedge block 35, two parallel limiting plates 34 are fixed on the top of base plate 33, and wedge block 35 is slidably engaged between the two limiting plates 34.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, a spring 37 is connected between the rear end face of the wedge block 35 and the back plate 32. When the off-center load is released and the thrust of the lever 36 disappears, the restoring force of the spring 37 will pull the wedge block 35 backward, so that the entire mechanism is reset.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, vertical limiting slide bars 3101 are welded to both sides of the bearing ring 310. These limiting slide bars 3101 cooperate with the slide grooves in the slide block 311 fixed on the support rod 3111, so that the bearing ring 310 can only move vertically up and down relative to the back plate 32. A top rod 312 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bearing ring 310. The bottom end of the top rod 312 is machined into an inclined surface, and multiple second rollers 3121 are arranged and installed on the inclined surface via a rotating shaft. These second rollers 3121 roll against the front inclined end of the wedge block 35.

[0042] When the wedge block 35 moves horizontally to the left, its inclined surface pushes the push rod 312 upward through the second roller 3121. Due to the presence of the second roller 3121, the friction between the wedge block and the push rod is rolling friction, which greatly reduces resistance and improves the sensitivity and reliability of the action. The push rod 312 rises, driving the bearing ring 310, the connecting end 211, and one end of the entire main shaft 21 to rise, thereby applying an upward supporting force to the belt.

[0043] To facilitate the installation and maintenance of the entire support mechanism 30, the two sides of the back plate 32 are slidably engaged in the quick-release slide grooves 31 pre-installed on the guard plate 11 and fixed by locking screws 311. When maintenance is required, simply loosen the locking screws 311 to pull out the entire support mechanism 30 along the quick-release slide grooves 31.

[0044] Working principle: When the conveyed material is unevenly distributed across the belt cross-section, the belt on the heavy-load side will press down on the liquid bladder 22 on the main shaft 21 of the support roller mechanism 20 on that side. The liquid bladder 22 is compressed, increasing the internal hydraulic oil pressure, which is transmitted through the hydraulic pipe 23 inside the main shaft 21 to the hydraulic cylinder 24 on the same side, pushing the piston rod 241 outward. The first roller 25 at the end of the piston rod 241 inserts into the limiting groove 381 of the top plate 38, pushing the top plate 38 to slide horizontally along the support slide column 39. The top plate 38 then pushes the input end of the lever 36, causing the lever 36 to swing around the hinge block 361, and its output end to push the wedge block 35 forward (i.e., towards the center of the main shaft) on the bottom plate 33 with greater force. The inclined surface at the front end of the wedge block 35 pushes the top rod 3121 vertically upward through the second roller 3121. The push rod 312 lifts the bearing ring 310, which rises vertically under the guidance of the limiting slide bar 3101 and the slide block 311, thereby lifting the main shaft 21 and the entire support roller mechanism 20 on that side. This additional upward support force is applied precisely to the heavy-load side of the belt, effectively offsetting the additional pressure caused by the material's uneven load, making the belt's force more balanced, and preventing belt misalignment and uneven wear from the root. When the uneven load is eliminated, the wedge block 35 resets under the action of the spring 37, and the entire mechanism returns to its initial state.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reversible belt conveyor comprising a reversing belt mechanism (10) and a plurality of support roller mechanisms (20), characterized in that: The support roller mechanism (20) includes a main rotating shaft (21), with liquid bladders (22) covering both sides of the main rotating shaft (21). The two ends of the main rotating shaft (21) are connected to the guard plates (11) on both sides of the reversing belt mechanism (10) through the support mechanism (30). Liquid bladder (22), which is attached to the outside of the main shaft (21) and has the same outer diameter as the main shaft (21), is used to detect the off-center load of the material in the deflection belt mechanism (10) and to provide hydraulic power for the adjustment of the support mechanism (30); The support mechanism (30) is used to apply an upward support force to one side of the deflection belt mechanism (10) to counteract the off-center load of the transported material and actively prevent belt deviation and wear.

2. The variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (21) is fixed with connecting ends (211) at both ends, and the connecting ends (211) are rotatably connected to the inside of the bearing ring (310).

3. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The main rotating shaft (21) has liquid pipes (23) on the inner sides of both ends. One end of the liquid pipe (23) is connected to the inside of the liquid bladder (22), and the other end of the liquid pipe (23) is connected to the input port of the liquid cylinder (24). One end of the liquid cylinder (24) is fixed to the center of the connecting end (211), and the outer end of the piston rod (241) of the liquid cylinder (24) is rotatably connected to the first roller (25).

4. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (30) includes a back plate (32), a bottom plate (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the back plate (32), a wedge block (35) is slidably abutted against the top of the bottom plate (33), a limiting plate (34) is slidably engaged on both sides of the wedge block (35), and the bottom of the limiting plate (34) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate (33).

5. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end face of the wedge block (35) abuts against the output end of the lever (36), the fulcrum of the lever (36) is rotatably connected to the hinge block (361), the hinge block (361) is fixed to one side of the back plate (32), and the input end of the lever (36) abuts against one side of the top plate (38).

6. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting groove (381) is provided on the other side of the top plate (38). A first roller (25) rolls and abuts inside the limiting groove (381). Supporting sliding columns (39) are symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the top plate (38). One end of the supporting sliding column (39) is fixed to the side wall of the back plate (32).

7. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The wedge block (35) has one end of a spring (37) fixed to each side of its rear end face, and the other end of the spring (37) is fixed to the side wall of the back plate (32).

8. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing ring (310) is symmetrically fixed to two sides with limiting slide bars (3101), the limiting slide bars (3101) are slidably connected to the inside of the slide block (311), the slide block (311) is fixed to one side with a support rod (3111), and the other end of the support rod (3111) is fixed to the side wall of the back plate (32).

9. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bearing ring (310) is fixed to one end of the top rod (312) at the bottom. The bottom end of the top rod (312) is inclined and has multiple second rollers (3121) arranged in a rotating connection. The second rollers (3121) roll against the inclined end of the front part of the wedge block (35).

10. A variable-direction belt conveyor as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The back plate (32) is slidably engaged with the quick-release slide groove (31) on both sides and fixedly installed by locking screws (311). The rear side of the quick-release slide groove (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guard plate (11).

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