Intelligent anti-blocking self-adjusting system for ore conveying and control method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ore conveying, and discloses an intelligent anti-blocking self-adjusting system for ore conveying and a control method thereof, which comprises an adjustable bolt conveying mechanism, a positive and negative rotating adjusting mechanism and an internal pressure monitoring mechanism; ore materials enter a U-shaped conveying pipe through a hopper and are conveyed by the positive rotation of a spiral shaft; the internal pressure monitoring mechanism monitors the pressure of the proximal end, the middle and the distal end of the U-shaped conveying pipe; when the pressure rises due to blocking and triggers an alarm, the positive and negative rotating adjusting mechanism controls the reverse rotation of the spiral shaft to dredge, and then the positive conveying is restored; if the alarm is still triggered, the dredging process is repeated, so that the blocking monitoring and self-adjusting anti-blocking in the ore conveying process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ore conveying technology, specifically relating to an intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system and its control method for ore conveying. Background Technology

[0002] During the mining, crushing, screening, and transfer of ore, conveying equipment is typically used to continuously transport granular or lumpy ore from one workstation to another. Due to the uneven particle size and significant variations in moisture content of the ore, and the susceptibility to factors such as concentrated material drop, changes in conveying resistance, and localized accumulation during transport, material stagnation or blockages can easily occur in the conveying channels. When blockages occur in existing ore conveying equipment, operators usually need to assess the situation based on equipment operating sounds, discharge status, or on-site inspections. Resumption of conveying is then achieved through methods such as stopping the machine for cleaning, manual unblocking, or restarting. This process relies heavily on manual experience and has a slow response time.

[0003] Especially in continuous ore conveying operations, if blockages within the conveying equipment are not detected and the operating status adjusted in a timely manner, material will continue to accumulate in the blocked area, further increasing the conveying resistance. In severe cases, this can lead to conveying interruptions, increased equipment load, or frequent shutdowns for maintenance, affecting the continuity and stability of ore conveying. Therefore, existing ore conveying systems suffer from the problem of difficulty in timely detecting blockages during the conveying process and automatically adjusting the operating status based on the blockage situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system and its control method for ore conveying, which can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An intelligent anti-clogging self-adjusting system for ore conveying includes an adjustable bolt conveying mechanism. The adjustable bolt conveying mechanism includes a hopper for receiving ore, a U-shaped conveying pipe connected to the hopper and used for conveying the ore, and a spiral shaft disposed inside the U-shaped conveying pipe. A positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism is provided near the proximal end of the U-shaped conveying pipe. This mechanism is in drive cooperation with the spiral shaft and is used to control the spiral shaft to switch between a forward conveying state and a reverse unblocking state. An internal pressure monitoring mechanism is provided on the U-shaped conveying pipe. This internal pressure monitoring mechanism monitors pressure changes in different areas inside the U-shaped conveying pipe and triggers a blockage alarm when the internal pressure reaches a set state. This causes the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism to control the spiral shaft to reverse and then resume forward rotation, thereby preventing blockage and unblocking the material inside the U-shaped conveying pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the adjustable bolt conveying mechanism also includes a frame, with the hopper suspended above the interior of the frame; an arc-shaped compartment is provided at the bottom of the hopper, with a notch or groove on the lower surface of the arc-shaped compartment, and an arc-shaped adjusting plate is slidably installed inside the lower part of the arc-shaped compartment, the arc-shaped adjusting plate being used to seal the notch or groove; a U-shaped conveying pipe is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped adjusting plate, allowing the ore material in the hopper to enter the U-shaped conveying pipe through the arc-shaped compartment and the arc-shaped adjusting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the U-shaped conveying pipe is inclined, and a discharge port is opened at the lower end of the U-shaped conveying pipe; a sealing cover plate is installed on the top of the U-shaped conveying pipe, and a through hole is opened on the sealing cover plate; a spiral support rod is hinged to the lower surface of the U-shaped conveying pipe, and the spiral support rod is used to adjust the conveying angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe; the arc-shaped adjusting plate can slide relative to the notch groove to adapt when the angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe is adjusted.

[0008] Furthermore, the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism includes a control box fixed to the end of the U-shaped conveying pipe, an extension shaft is provided at the end of the spiral shaft, the extension shaft is rotatably disposed inside the control box, and convex keys are symmetrically provided on the surface of the extension shaft; a reducer is fixed to one side of the control box, and a drive bevel gear is installed at the output end of the reducer, the drive bevel gear is placed inside the control box and is distributed perpendicularly to the axis of the extension shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, a slide cylinder is slidably mounted on the surface of the extension shaft. The slide cylinder has symmetrically opened keyways adapted to the convex key, so that the slide cylinder can slide axially relative to the extension shaft and maintain circumferential transmission engagement. A first conical tooth is fixed at one end of the surface of the slide cylinder, and a second conical tooth is fixed at the other end of the surface of the slide cylinder. The driving conical tooth can mesh with the first conical tooth or the second conical tooth respectively to control the rotation direction of the helical shaft. A first spring is sleeved on the surface of the extension shaft. The first spring is placed inside the control box and applies a thrust to the slide cylinder, so that the driving conical tooth keeps meshing with the second conical tooth under normal conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, a U-shaped carriage slides horizontally through the end face of the control box, and rollers are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the end of the U-shaped carriage, with the rollers rolling against the end of the first conical tooth; a swing rod is also hinged to the end face of the control box, the swing rod rests on the U-shaped carriage, and a U-shaped groove is formed at the bottom of the swing rod; a control cylinder is fixed to the lower surface of the control box, the output shaft of the control cylinder passes through the U-shaped groove, and a limit plate is provided at the end of the control cylinder, the limit plate being placed outside the swing rod; a second spring is sleeved on the output end of the control cylinder, the second spring being placed between the swing rod and the limit plate, for applying an inward pushing force to the end of the swing rod, so that the swing rod can push the U-shaped carriage and drive the slide cylinder to move laterally.

[0011] Furthermore, three through holes are provided, located at the near end, middle, and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe, respectively. An internal pressure monitoring mechanism is installed on the outside of each through hole. The internal pressure monitoring mechanism includes a fixed cylinder that is flush with the through hole. A sliding rod is slidably mounted at the center of the fixed cylinder. A push plate adapted to the through hole is provided at the bottom of the sliding rod. The sliding rod passes through the upper surface of the fixed cylinder. A limiting nut is screwed onto the surface of the sliding rod, positioned above the fixed cylinder. A third spring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod, located inside the fixed cylinder. The bottom of the third spring abuts against the push plate, applying a downward pushing force to the push plate to seal the through hole under normal conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, a support frame is provided at the top of the fixed cylinder, and a contact sensor is vertically fixed at the center of the support frame. The end of the slide rod is positioned directly below the contact sensor. When the internal pressure of the U-shaped conveying pipe increases, the ore pushes the push plate to overcome the thrust of the third spring and moves it upward, causing the slide rod to move towards the contact sensor. When the slide rod contacts the contact sensor, a blockage alarm signal is generated.

[0013] A smart anti-blocking self-adjusting control method for ore conveying includes the following steps: S1. The internal pressure of different areas of the U-shaped conveying pipe is monitored by three internal pressure monitoring mechanisms located at the near end, middle and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe. When a slight blockage occurs inside the U-shaped conveying pipe, the push plate moves upward against the thrust of the third spring to provide a buffer space for the ore inside the U-shaped conveying pipe. S2. When the internal pressure of the U-shaped conveying pipe continues to increase to the threshold state, the push plate drives the slide bar to move upward, so that the slide bar contacts the contact sensor and issues a blockage alarm, which is used to determine that a serious blockage has occurred in the corresponding area of ​​the U-shaped conveying pipe. S3. After the blockage alarm is issued, the control cylinder is activated. The control cylinder, the second spring, the swing rod and the U-shaped slide push the slide cylinder to move laterally, so that the drive conical tooth disengages from the second conical tooth and meshes with the first conical tooth, thereby controlling the spiral shaft to reverse to the second. S4. After the spiral shaft reverses, it resumes forward rotation, allowing the material inside the U-shaped conveying pipe to resume conveying. If the internal pressure monitoring mechanism still issues a blockage alarm, repeat step S until the conveying inside the U-shaped conveying pipe is smooth.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention, by setting up internal pressure monitoring structures in different conveying areas of the ore conveying channel, enables timely detection of pressure changes caused by local accumulation, stagnation, or blockage of ore during the conveying process. When the pressure in the conveying channel increases, the pressure monitoring structure first responds to the local pressure change and triggers a blockage alarm when the pressure reaches a set state. This allows the system to determine the blockage situation based on the internal state of the conveying channel, reducing the shortcomings of existing ore conveying equipment that mainly rely on manual inspection, discharge observation, or abnormal operation to determine blockage.

[0015] After a blockage alarm is generated, the present invention controls the conveying screw to switch from forward conveying to reverse unblocking state through a positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism, so that the ore material accumulated in the conveying channel is disturbed in the opposite direction; after a certain period of reverse rotation, forward conveying is resumed, so that the loosened ore material continues to move towards the discharge end, thereby enabling the system to automatically adjust the operation mode after detecting a blockage, avoiding the blockage from continuing to worsen, which would lead to increased conveying resistance or conveying interruption.

[0016] This invention combines internal pressure monitoring with forward and reverse unblocking actions. In the event of a minor blockage, it can provide a certain buffer space for the material inside the conveying channel through pressure response. When the blockage worsens, it can reverse the flow to unblock the blockage through alarm linkage, and continue pressure monitoring after resuming forward rotation. If the blockage is still not resolved, the reverse unblocking and forward conveying processes are repeated, thereby forming a continuous blockage detection, operation adjustment and conveying recovery process, improving the stability and anti-blockage self-adjustment capability in the continuous ore conveying process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hopper of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped adjusting plate and the conveying pipe of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the internal structure of the control box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the internal structure of the control box of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extension shaft and slide of the present invention; Figure 10This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal pressure monitoring structure of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Adjustable bolt conveying mechanism; 11. Frame; 12. Hopper; 13. Arc-shaped bin; 14. Notched groove; 15. Arc-shaped adjusting plate; 16. U-shaped conveying pipe; 161. Discharge port; 17. Screw shaft; 171. Extension shaft; 172. Protruding key; 18. Screw support rod; 19. Sealing cover plate; 191. Through hole; 2. Positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism; 21. Control box; 22. Reducer; 23. Drive bevel gear; 24. Slide cylinder; 241. Keyway; 25. First bevel gear; 26. Second bevel gear; 27. First spring; 28. U-shaped slide; 281. Roller; 29. ​​Swing rod; 291. U-shaped groove; 210. Control cylinder; 211. Limiting plate; 212. Second spring; 3. Internal pressure monitoring mechanism; 31. Fixed cylinder; 32. Support frame; 33. Contact sensor; 34. Slide rod; 35. Push plate; 36. Limit nut; 37. Third spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention. Example

[0020] See Figures 1 to 3 , Figures 6 to 11 As shown, an intelligent anti-blocking self-adjusting system for ore conveying includes an adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1, a positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2, and an internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3. The adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1 is used to receive and convey ore. The positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2 is located at the near end of the adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1 and is used to drive the adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1 to switch between forward conveying and reverse unblocking states. The internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 is located on the conveying channel of the adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1 and is used to monitor the internal pressure of different conveying areas during the ore conveying process.

[0021] The adjustable bolt conveying mechanism 1 includes a frame 11, a hopper 12, an arc-shaped bin 13, an arc-shaped adjusting plate 15, a U-shaped conveying pipe 16, and a screw shaft 17. The hopper 12 is suspended above the interior of the frame 11, the arc-shaped bin 13 is located at the bottom of the hopper 12, the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 is located below the arc-shaped bin 13, and the screw shaft 17 is located inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. After the ore is added to the hopper 12, it passes sequentially through the hopper 12, the arc-shaped bin 13, and the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 into the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. When the screw shaft 17 rotates clockwise inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, it pushes the ore along the inclined direction of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 and discharges it from the outlet 161.

[0022] During continuous ore conveying, if uneven particle size or local accumulation of ore particles leads to increased conveying resistance within the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3, installed at different locations within the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, responds to pressure changes within the pipe. In the event of minor blockage, the push plate 35 in the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 is pushed upwards by the ore and displaced, providing buffer space for the ore within the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. When the blockage worsens, the push plate 35 drives the slide rod 34 to continue moving upwards, and the slide rod 34 triggers a blockage alarm upon contacting the contact sensor 33.

[0023] Upon triggering a blockage alarm, the control cylinder 210 in the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2 is activated. The control cylinder 210, via the second spring 212, swing rod 29, and U-shaped slide 28, pushes the slide cylinder 24 laterally, causing the drive conical tooth 23 to switch from meshing with the second conical tooth 26 to meshing with the first conical tooth 25. The spiral shaft 17, along with the extension shaft 171, enters a reverse rotation state, causing reverse disturbance to the ore material at the blockage location within the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. After reversing for 3 to 5 seconds, the spiral shaft 17 resumes forward rotation, allowing the loosened ore material to continue being conveyed along the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. If the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 still triggers a blockage alarm, the reverse unblocking and forward rotation actions are repeated until the ore material resumes continuous conveying within the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. Example

[0024] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the frame 11 serves as the mounting base for the hopper 12 and the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. The hopper 12 is positioned inside the upper part of the frame 11, and its bottom is connected to the arc-shaped bin 13. A notch 14 is provided on the lower surface of the arc-shaped bin 13. An arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 is slidably installed inside the lower part of the arc-shaped bin 13. The arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 is located at the notch 14 and blocks the notch 14, allowing the ore material in the hopper 12 to stably enter the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 through the arc-shaped bin 13.

[0025] The U-shaped conveying pipe 16 is located at the bottom of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15. The U-shaped conveying pipe 16 is arranged at an angle, and a discharge port 161 is opened at the lower end of the far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. A sealing cover plate 19 is installed on the top of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. The sealing cover plate 19 covers the top of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, and a through hole 191 is opened on the sealing cover plate 19. The through hole 191 provides a position basis for the installation of the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 and the pressure response.

[0026] A spiral support rod 18 is hinged to the lower surface of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. Before ore conveying, the spiral support rod 18 is adjusted according to the discharge height or conveying position requirements. The spiral support rod 18 changes the support state of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, so that the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 forms a corresponding inclined conveying angle. When the angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 changes, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 slides relative to the notch 14 inside the arc-shaped bin 13 to adapt, so that the hopper 12, the arc-shaped bin 13 and the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 remain connected, and the adjustment of the conveying angle does not affect the entry of ore into the U-shaped conveying pipe 16.

[0027] After the ore enters the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, the screw shaft 17 is located inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. When the screw shaft 17 rotates in the forward direction, it pushes the ore along the inclined direction of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. After the ore moves to the far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, it is discharged from the discharge port 161, completing the feeding, conveying and discharging of a normal conveying process. Example

[0028] See Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2 includes a control box 21, a reducer 22, a drive bevel gear 23, a slide cylinder 24, a first bevel gear 25, a second bevel gear 26, a first spring 27, a U-shaped slide 28, a swing rod 29, and a control cylinder 210. The control box 21 is fixed to the end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, and an extension shaft 171 is provided at the end of the spiral shaft 17. The extension shaft 171 is rotatably disposed inside the control box 21, and convex keys 172 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the extension shaft 171.

[0029] The reducer 22 is fixed to one side of the control box 21. The output end of the reducer 22 is equipped with a drive bevel gear 23, which is located inside the control box 21. The axis of the drive bevel gear 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the extension shaft 171. The slide cylinder 24 is slidably mounted on the surface of the extension shaft 171. The slide cylinder 24 has symmetrically provided keyways 241 inside. The keyways 241 cooperate with the convex key 172, allowing the slide cylinder 24 to slide axially along the extension shaft 171 and maintain a circumferential transmission relationship with the extension shaft 171 during the sliding process.

[0030] The first conical tooth 25 is fixed to one end of the slide cylinder 24, and the second conical tooth 26 is fixed to the other end of the slide cylinder 24. The driving conical tooth 23 is located in the meshing switching position between the first conical tooth 25 and the second conical tooth 26. The first spring 27 is sleeved on the surface of the extension shaft 171 and located inside the control box 21. The first spring 27 applies a thrust to the slide cylinder 24, so that the second conical tooth 26 remains meshed with the driving conical tooth 23 under normal conditions. During normal conveying, the reducer 22 drives the driving conical tooth 23 to rotate. The driving conical tooth 23 drives the screw shaft 17 to rotate clockwise through the second conical tooth 26, the slide cylinder 24, the keyway 241, the convex key 172, and the extension shaft 171.

[0031] The U-shaped carriage 28 slides horizontally through the end face of the control box 21. Rollers 281 are symmetrically mounted on the ends of the U-shaped carriage 28, and the rollers 281 roll against the ends of the first conical teeth 25. A swing rod 29 is hinged to the end face of the control box 21 and rests on the U-shaped carriage 28. A U-shaped groove 291 is formed at the bottom of the swing rod 29. A control cylinder 210 is fixed to the lower surface of the control box 21. The output shaft of the control cylinder 210 passes through the U-shaped groove 291. A limiting plate 211 is provided at the end of the control cylinder 210, located outside the swing rod 29. A second spring 212 is sleeved on the output end of the control cylinder 210 and located between the swing rod 29 and the limiting plate 211.

[0032] When the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 generates a blockage alarm, the control cylinder 210 actuates, and the limit plate 211 moves with the output end of the control cylinder 210. The second spring 212 applies an inward pushing force to the end of the swing rod 29, causing the swing rod 29 to swing around the hinge position on the control box 21 and push the U-shaped slide 28. The U-shaped slide 28 drives the roller 281 to push against the first conical tooth 25, and the first conical tooth 25 drives the slide cylinder 24 to move laterally along the extension shaft 171, causing the second conical tooth 26 to disengage from the driving conical tooth 23 and the first conical tooth 25 to mesh with the driving conical tooth 23. After the meshing relationship is switched, the extension shaft 171 drives the spiral shaft 17 to reverse, and the spiral shaft 17 performs reverse disturbance on the ore material at the blockage position in the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. After the reverse unblocking is completed, the slide cylinder 24 returns to the normal meshing position under the action of the first spring 27, the driving conical tooth 23 re-meshes with the second conical tooth 26, and the spiral shaft 17 resumes forward conveying. Example

[0033] See Figure 3 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the sealing cover plate 19 has three through holes 191, which are located at the near end, middle, and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, respectively. An internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 is installed on the outside of each through hole 191. The three internal pressure monitoring mechanisms 3 correspond to different conveying areas of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 and are used to sense pressure changes at different locations during the ore conveying process.

[0034] The internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 includes a fixed cylinder 31, a support frame 32, a contact sensor 33, a slide rod 34, a push plate 35, a limiting nut 36, and a third spring 37. The fixed cylinder 31 is configured to pass through the through hole 191, and the interior of the fixed cylinder 31 is flush with the through hole 191. The slide rod 34 is slidably mounted at the center of the fixed cylinder 31, and the bottom of the slide rod 34 is connected to the push plate 35, which is adapted to the through hole 191. The upper end of the slide rod 34 penetrates the upper surface of the fixed cylinder 31. The limiting nut 36 is screwed onto the upper surface of the slide rod 34 and is located above the fixed cylinder 31, used to limit the normal position of the slide rod 34 and the push plate 35.

[0035] The third spring 37 is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod 34 and located inside the fixed cylinder 31. The bottom of the third spring 37 abuts against the push plate 35, and the third spring 37 applies a downward pushing force to the push plate 35, so that the push plate 35 blocks the through hole 191 under normal conveying conditions. The support frame 32 is set on the top of the fixed cylinder 31, and the contact sensor 33 is vertically fixed at the center of the support frame 32. The end of the slide rod 34 is located directly below the contact sensor 33.

[0036] When ore is continuously conveyed through the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, if a slight blockage occurs at the near end, middle, or far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, the ore at the blockage location will push upwards against the corresponding push plate 35. The push plate 35 will overcome the thrust of the third spring 37 and move upwards into the fixed cylinder 31, while the slide rod 34 will move upwards synchronously with the push plate 35. During the upward movement of the push plate 35, a pressure buffer space is formed at the through hole 191, and the ore continues to move towards the discharge port 161 under the continuous forward rotation of the screw shaft 17.

[0037] When the pressure at the blockage location continues to rise, the push plate 35 continues to drive the slide bar 34 upward until the end of the slide bar 34 contacts the contact sensor 33, which generates a blockage alarm. After the blockage alarm is generated, the control cylinder 210 is activated, and the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2 completes the meshing switch between the drive conical tooth 23 and the first conical tooth 25, causing the spiral shaft 17 to reverse for 3 to 5 seconds. After the reverse rotation ends, the spiral shaft 17 resumes forward rotation, allowing the ore material that has been disturbed in the reverse direction to continue to be conveyed along the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. If the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 at the corresponding location still generates a blockage alarm, the control cylinder 210 is activated again and the reverse unblocking action is repeated until the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 no longer generates a blockage alarm, and the ore material is continuously discharged from the discharge port 161.

[0038] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, depending on the required ore conveying height or direction, the support position of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 is first adjusted by adjusting the spiral support rod 18 to maintain the corresponding inclined conveying angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. As the angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 changes, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 located inside the arc-shaped bin 13 can slide relative to the notch 14 to adapt, so that the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15 continues to block the notch 14 and maintains the feeding connection between the hopper 12, the arc-shaped bin 13 and the U-shaped conveying pipe 16.

[0039] Subsequently, the ore to be conveyed is added into the hopper 12, which is suspended above the inside of the frame 11. Under its own weight, the ore enters the arc-shaped bin 13 at the bottom of the hopper 12, and then enters the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 through the notch 14 and the arc-shaped adjusting plate 15. Under normal conveying conditions, the first spring 27 applies a thrust to the slide cylinder 24, so that the second conical tooth 26 on the slide cylinder 24 keeps meshing with the drive conical tooth 23. After the reducer 22 drives the drive conical tooth 23 to rotate, the drive conical tooth 23 drives the slide cylinder 24 to rotate through the second conical tooth 26. The slide cylinder 24 then drives the extension shaft 171 to rotate through the keyway 241 and the convex key 172. The extension shaft 171 drives the spiral shaft 17 to rotate in the forward direction in the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, thereby pushing the ore in the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 to be conveyed in an inclined direction and finally discharged from the outlet 161.

[0040] During the ore conveying process, the sealing cover plate 19 covers the top of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. The through holes 191 are located at the near end, middle and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 respectively. An internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 is set on the outside of each through hole 191 to monitor the internal pressure of different conveying areas of the U-shaped conveying pipe 16. Under normal conditions, the third spring 37 is located in the fixed cylinder 31 and applies a downward thrust to the push plate 35. At the same time, the limiting nut 36 restricts the upper position of the slide rod 34, so that the push plate 35 is held at the through hole 191 and the through hole 191 is blocked to prevent the ore from overflowing from the through hole 191.

[0041] When a slight blockage occurs in a certain area of ​​the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, the accumulation of ore in that area increases the internal pressure. The ore pushes the push plate 35 at the corresponding position upward. The push plate 35 moves upward against the thrust of the third spring 37 and drives the slide rod 34 to slide upward in the fixed cylinder 31. At this time, the upward movement of the push plate 35 can provide a certain buffer space for the ore inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16, so that the local pressure is released and the forward conveying is maintained by the screw shaft 17.

[0042] When the blockage inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 worsens and the internal pressure continues to rise to the threshold state, the push plate 35 continues to move upward and drives the slide bar 34 to approach the contact sensor 33. The contact sensor 33 is fixed to the top of the fixed cylinder 31 by the support frame 32. When the end of the slide bar 34 contacts the contact sensor 33, the contact sensor 33 generates a blockage alarm to determine that a serious blockage has occurred in the corresponding area of ​​the U-shaped conveying pipe 16.

[0043] Next, after a blockage alarm is generated, the control cylinder 210 is activated. The output shaft of the control cylinder 210 passes through the U-shaped groove 291 at the bottom of the swing rod 29 and applies force to the end of the swing rod 29 through the limiting plate 211 and the second spring 212. After the swing rod 29 swings around its hinge position with the control box 21, it applies a thrust to the U-shaped carriage 28 attached to the swing rod 29. The U-shaped carriage 28 slides horizontally along the end face of the control box 21. The roller 281 at the end of the U-shaped carriage 28 rolls and abuts against the end of the first conical tooth 25, thereby pushing the first conical tooth 25, the slide cylinder 24 and the second conical tooth 26 to move laterally along the extension shaft 171.

[0044] During the lateral movement of the slide cylinder 24, the keyway 241 inside the slide cylinder 24 always engages with the convex key 172 on the surface of the extension shaft 171, enabling the slide cylinder 24 to move axially relative to the extension shaft 171 and maintain circumferential transmission. When the slide cylinder 24 moves to the set position, the drive conical tooth 23 disengages from the second conical tooth 26 and meshes with the first conical tooth 25. At this time, the drive conical tooth 23 drives the slide cylinder 24 to reverse transmission through the first conical tooth 25. The slide cylinder 24 drives the extension shaft 171 and the spiral shaft 17 to reverse through the keyway 241 and the convex key 172, so that the spiral shaft 17 can reverse the disturbance and loosening of the ore material in the blockage area inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16.

[0045] After the spiral shaft 17 reverses for 3 to 5 seconds, the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism 2 restores the spiral shaft 17 to forward rotation. The loosened ore material in the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 continues to move along the conveying direction and is discharged through the discharge port 161. After the forward rotation is restored, if the internal pressure monitoring mechanism 3 still detects that the pressure in the corresponding area has reached the alarm state, the control cylinder 210 is restarted again, and the above process of switching from the engagement of the second conical tooth 26 to the engagement of the first conical tooth 25, the spiral shaft 17 reversing to clear the blockage, and then restoring forward rotation is repeated until the material conveying inside the U-shaped conveying pipe 16 is smooth, thereby completing the intelligent anti-blocking self-adjustment in the ore conveying process.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. An intelligent anti-blocking self-adjusting system for ore conveying, comprising an adjustable bolt conveying mechanism (1), characterized in that: The adjustable bolt conveying mechanism (1) includes a hopper (12) for receiving ore, a U-shaped conveying pipe (16) connected to the hopper (12) and used for conveying ore, and a spiral shaft (17) disposed inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). A positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism (2) is provided at the near end of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). The positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism (2) is driven and cooperates with the spiral shaft (17) to control the spiral shaft (17) to switch between forward conveying state and reverse unblocking state. An internal pressure monitoring mechanism (3) is provided on the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). The internal pressure monitoring mechanism (3) is used to monitor the pressure changes in different areas inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) and trigger a blockage alarm when the internal pressure of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) reaches a set state, so that the positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism (2) controls the spiral shaft (17) to reverse and then resume forward rotation, so as to prevent blockage and unblock the material inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16).

2. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable bolt conveying mechanism (1) also includes a frame (11), and the hopper (12) is suspended above the inside of the frame (11). The bottom of the hopper (12) is provided with an arc-shaped chamber (13), and the lower surface of the arc-shaped chamber (13) is provided with a notch (14). An arc-shaped adjusting plate (15) is slidably installed inside the arc-shaped chamber (13) and is used to block the notch (14). The U-shaped conveying pipe (16) is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped adjusting plate (15) so that the ore in the hopper (12) can enter the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) through the arc-shaped chamber (13) and the arc-shaped adjusting plate (15).

3. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped conveying pipe (16) is inclined, and a discharge port (161) is provided at the lower end of the far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16); a sealing cover plate (19) is installed on the top of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16), and a through hole (191) is provided on the sealing cover plate (19); a spiral support rod (18) is hinged to the lower surface of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16), and the spiral support rod (18) is used to adjust the conveying angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). The arc-shaped adjusting plate (15) can slide relative to the notch (14) to adapt when the angle of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) is adjusted.

4. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative rotation adjustment mechanism (2) includes a control box (21) fixed at the end of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16), an extension shaft (171) is provided at the end of the spiral shaft (17), the extension shaft (171) is rotatably disposed inside the control box (21), and convex keys (172) are symmetrically provided on the surface of the extension shaft (171); a reducer (22) is fixed on one side of the control box (21), and a drive bevel gear (23) is installed at the output end of the reducer (22), the drive bevel gear (23) is placed inside the control box (21) and is distributed perpendicularly to the axis of the extension shaft (171).

5. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 4, characterized in that: A slide cylinder (24) is slidably mounted on the surface of the extension shaft (171). The slide cylinder (24) has symmetrically provided keyways (241) that are adapted to the convex key (172) inside, so that the slide cylinder (24) can slide axially relative to the extension shaft (171) and maintain circumferential transmission engagement. A first conical tooth (25) is fixed at one end of the surface of the slide cylinder (24), and a second conical tooth (26) is fixed at the other end of the surface of the slide cylinder (24). The driving conical tooth (23) can mesh with the first conical tooth (25) or the second conical tooth (26) respectively to control the rotation direction of the helical shaft (17). A first spring (27) is sleeved on the surface of the extension shaft (171). The first spring (27) is placed inside the control box (21) and applies a thrust to the slide cylinder (24), so that the driving conical tooth (23) keeps meshing with the second conical tooth (26) under normal conditions.

6. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end face of the control box (21) is horizontally slidably traversed by a U-shaped carriage (28). Rollers (281) are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the ends of the U-shaped carriage (28), and the rollers (281) roll against the ends of the first conical teeth (25). A swing rod (29) is also hinged to the end face of the control box (21). The swing rod (29) rests on the U-shaped carriage (28), and a U-shaped groove (291) is formed at the bottom of the swing rod (29). A control cylinder (210) is fixed to the lower surface of the control box (21). The output shaft of the control cylinder (210) passes through the U-shaped groove (291). The end of the control cylinder (210) is provided with a limit plate (211), which is located outside the swing rod (29). The output end of the control cylinder (210) is fitted with a second spring (212), which is located between the swing rod (29) and the limit plate (211) to apply an inward thrust to the end of the swing rod (29), so that the swing rod (29) can push the U-shaped slide (28) and drive the slide cylinder (24) to move laterally.

7. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three through holes (191) are respectively located at the near end, middle and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16); an internal pressure monitoring mechanism (3) is installed on the outside of each through hole (191), the internal pressure monitoring mechanism (3) includes a fixed cylinder (31), the fixed cylinder (31) is flush with the through hole (191), a slide rod (34) is slidably installed at the center of the fixed cylinder (31), and a push plate adapted to the through hole (191) is provided at the bottom of the slide rod (34). 35), the slide rod (34) passes through the upper surface of the fixed cylinder (31), and a limit nut (36) is screwed on the surface of the slide rod (34). The limit nut (36) is placed above the fixed cylinder (31). A third spring (37) is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod (34). The third spring (37) is placed inside the fixed cylinder (31). The bottom of the third spring (37) abuts against the push plate (35) to apply a downward pushing force to the push plate (35) so that the push plate (35) blocks the through hole (191) under normal conditions.

8. The intelligent anti-blocking self-regulating system for ore conveying according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the fixed cylinder (31) is provided with a support frame (32), and a contact sensor (33) is vertically fixed at the center of the support frame (32). The end of the slide rod (34) is placed directly below the contact sensor (33). When the internal pressure of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) increases, the ore pushes the push plate (35) to overcome the thrust of the third spring (37) and moves upward, and drives the slide rod (34) to move towards the contact sensor (33). When the slide rod (34) contacts the contact sensor (33), a blockage alarm signal is generated.

9. A smart anti-blocking self-adjusting control method for ore conveying, applied to the smart anti-blocking self-adjusting system for ore conveying as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The internal pressure of different areas of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) is monitored by three internal pressure monitoring mechanisms (3) located at the near end, middle and far end of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). When a slight blockage occurs inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16), the push plate (35) moves upward against the thrust of the third spring (37) to provide a buffer space for the ore inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). S2. When the internal pressure of the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) continues to increase to the threshold state, the push plate (35) drives the slide bar (34) to move upward, so that the slide bar (34) contacts the contact sensor (33) and issues a blockage alarm, which is used to determine that a serious blockage has occurred in the corresponding area of ​​the U-shaped conveying pipe (16). S3. After issuing a blockage alarm, start the control cylinder (210). Through the control cylinder (210), the second spring (212), the swing rod (29) and the U-shaped slide (28), push the slide cylinder (24) to move laterally, so that the drive bevel tooth (23) disengages from the second bevel tooth (26) and meshes with the first bevel tooth (25) to control the spiral shaft (17) to reverse for 3 to 5 seconds. S4. After the spiral shaft (17) reverses, it resumes forward rotation, so that the material inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) can resume conveying. When the internal pressure monitoring mechanism (3) still issues a blockage alarm, repeat step S3 until the conveying inside the U-shaped conveying pipe (16) is smooth.

Images