A vertical shaft vertical material release device

Abstract

The present application relates to mine shaft material transportation technical field, especially vertical shaft vertical material device, its technical scheme includes the tower assembly and material transport car of well, the ground well mouth position fixed installation of tower assembly is given the matched material bin mechanism, the well bottom position of tower assembly is installed the matched material bin assembly, the well bottom of tower assembly and above material bin assembly installation respectively with material bin assembly, tower assembly matched drive assembly, the present application discloses the traditional pipe type unloading structure easy to block, cannot transport large particle size dry material, super deep well impact quantity, unloading positioning defect, can realize kilometer level deep well sand, ballast and other large particle size dry material's continuous, stable, safe unloading, at the same time, break through the traditional skip only one-way material lifting mode, invigorate idle main shaft, measures well skip equipment resources, realize large quantities of reverse material unloading operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material transportation technology in mine shafts, and in particular to a vertical material lowering device for shafts. Background Technology

[0002] With the upgrading of domestic mining capacity, the continuous advancement of mine reconstruction and expansion, and deep-mining projects, many traditional main shaft skips are now idle or only used for auxiliary ventilation and other operations after completing their main ore and gangue lifting operations, resulting in extremely low equipment utilization. Existing vertical shaft skips are unidirectional hoisting structures, capable of only conveying ore and gangue from bottom to top. They cannot reverse the flow of underground support sand, ballast, and backfill material, resulting in limited functionality and severely restricting the comprehensive operational capabilities of vertical shafts.

[0003] Currently, material lowering in deep mines mainly relies on buckets, temporary cages, or auxiliary shaft cages in conjunction with mine cars, which has significant technical drawbacks: during the infrastructure construction phase, buckets and temporary cages have small material lowering capacities, cumbersome procedures, and low construction efficiency; during the production phase, auxiliary shafts handle multiple transportations of personnel, equipment, and materials, resulting in significant cross-interference, limited material supply, numerous transfer procedures, and high safety risks. Most deep mines lack inclined ramps for auxiliary transportation, and traditional tubular material lowering structures still suffer from problems such as the inability to transport large-diameter materials, easy pipe blockage, large material impact in ultra-deep shafts, and inaccurate material positioning.

[0004] In addition, existing skip-equipped telescopic chutes are mostly straight-through open structures without buffering or diversion functions. Large pieces of material falling from these chutes experience high impact loads and are prone to directly impacting the skip body, causing problems such as skip eccentric loading, material splashing and spillage, skip body wear and deformation, and hoisting vibration. This not only affects the stability of the hoisting system and shortens the service life of the equipment, but also poses safety hazards for material spillage in the shaft. These numerous defects lead to insufficient material supply capacity in deep mines, becoming a key bottleneck restricting mine production capacity release and mining continuity. Therefore, this application proposes a vertical material lowering device for vertical shafts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art, such as the vertical shaft skip only lifting material in one direction, equipment being idle, large cross-interference and low efficiency in auxiliary shaft material discharge, the traditional material discharge structure being prone to clogging and unable to transport large-diameter materials, and the traditional telescopic chute having no buffer guiding structure, material impact damaging the skip, uneven loading, and material leakage. The invention proposes a vertical shaft material discharge device.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A vertical material lowering device for a shaft includes an entry tower assembly and a material transport vehicle. A matching feeding bin mechanism is fixedly installed at the surface wellhead of the entry tower assembly, and a matching receiving bin assembly is installed at the bottom of the shaft. A drive assembly that cooperates with the receiving bin assembly and the entry tower assembly is installed at the bottom of the shaft and above the receiving bin assembly. The material transport vehicle can be arranged at the surface wellhead or the bottom of the entry tower assembly, and cooperates with the feeding bin mechanism and the receiving bin assembly respectively to realize the material transportation and underground transfer operations.

[0007] Optionally, the feeding hopper mechanism includes a feeding hopper fixing frame fixedly installed at the wellhead position on the ground surface. The feeding hopper is fixedly installed at the top of the inner side of the feeding hopper fixing frame at an angle towards the wellhead. The feeding hopper is set with the lowest end as the discharge end facing the wellhead and the highest end as the inlet end with a vertical upward opening. The lowest end of the feeding hopper is movably installed with a hopper discharge gate that can seal and cover its discharge port.

[0008] Optionally, the end of the material discharge gate away from the feeding hopper is movably connected to a limiting hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the limiting hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the top of the feeding hopper fixing frame near the wellhead. Guide rods are obliquely fixed at the bottom of both ends inside the feeding hopper fixing frame, and a telescopic material guiding buffer assembly that slides with the guide rods is fitted on the outer side of the lowest end of the feeding hopper.

[0009] Optionally, the telescopic material guide buffer assembly includes two guide rails that are slidably sleeved outside the guide rod. The two guide rails are fixed together at opposite ends to a hopper telescopic groove that fits outside the feed hopper and the hopper discharge gate. An arc-shaped mounting groove is provided at the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove. A rotating rod that is interspersed with the arc-shaped mounting groove is rotatably connected to the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove.

[0010] Optionally, both ends of the rotating rod are fitted with a return torsion spring, the outer end of the return torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper expansion groove, the rotating rod body is fixed with an integral arc-shaped buffer plate that penetrates the arc-shaped mounting groove and extends into the hopper expansion groove, the bottom of the outer side of the hopper expansion groove is fixed with a U-shaped mounting rod located below the rotating rod, the side of the U-shaped mounting rod facing away from the wellhead is fixed with a diagonally arranged limiting hydraulic cylinder two, the other end of the limiting hydraulic cylinder two is fixedly connected to the side of the feeding hopper fixing frame near the feeding hopper, and both the limiting hydraulic cylinder one and the limiting hydraulic cylinder two are electrically connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism one through wires.

[0011] Optionally, the shaft tower assembly includes a vertical shaft. A sensor signal switch is fixedly installed on the other side of the shaft's surface opening. A winding hoisting mechanism is installed directly above the shaft's surface opening. Multiple guide ropes are vertically arranged inside the shaft. A skip located inside the shaft is slidably fitted around the outside of the multiple guide ropes. The top of the skip is fixedly connected to the telescopic traction end of the winding hoisting mechanism. A matching stabilizing frame that matches and limits the skip's unloading operation is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shaft. A ladder and operating platform are built on one side of the bottom of the matching stabilizing frame.

[0012] Optionally, the receiving bin assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the matching sturdy frame near the ladder and operating platform. The receiving bin is arranged at an angle, with its highest point corresponding to the outlet of the skip and its lowest point docking with an external material transport vehicle. The highest point of the receiving bin is rotatably connected to a movable tipping chute that is flush with the outlet of the skip and can dock with the material guide.

[0013] Optionally, a sealable arc-shaped gate is movably installed at the lowest discharge port of the receiving hopper. A hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the top of the arc-shaped gate. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the internal structure of the vertical shaft. The hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism II via a wire.

[0014] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a top mounting frame fixedly installed on a matching stabilizing sleeve and located above the top of the ladder and operating platform. The bottom of the top mounting frame is equipped with guide pulleys, and an electric small trolley is installed on the top of the ladder and operating platform. The electric small trolley and the guide pulley are wrapped together with a connecting rope. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the movable tipping trough, and the other end is linked to the discharge valve of the skip to realize the traction control of the unloading structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention overcomes the shortcomings of traditional tubular feeding structures, such as easy clogging, inability to transport large-diameter dry materials, large impact in ultra-deep wells, and inaccurate feeding positioning. It enables continuous, stable, and safe feeding of large-diameter dry materials such as sand, gravel, and ballast in kilometer-deep wells. Simultaneously, it breaks through the traditional skip operation mode that only allows for unidirectional material lifting, revitalizing idle skip equipment resources in the main shaft and auxiliary shafts, and enabling large-volume reverse material feeding operations. The material conveying efficiency is more than 5 times higher than that of traditional auxiliary shaft mine car transport, eliminating the need for frequent mine car entry and exit from cages and repeated cage adjustments, completely eliminating the bottleneck in auxiliary shaft material supply, and ensuring a continuous and stable supply of materials to deep mines.

[0016] This invention independently utilizes the main shaft skip system to lower materials, completely solving the problems of severe interference from personnel lifting and equipment transportation in the traditional auxiliary shaft cage feeding mode. It overcomes the industry pain points of limited material supply in auxiliary shafts, cumbersome transfer procedures, low operating efficiency, and multiple overlapping safety risks. The entire system is fully adapted from existing mine infrastructure such as vertical shafts, hoists, and skips, requiring no additional large-scale special equipment. It features a compact structure and energy efficiency. Through precise linkage between the mechanical structure and the electro-hydraulic system, it achieves automated operation, significantly reducing high-risk manual operations and effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by human error. The overall operational stability of the equipment is significantly improved.

[0017] This invention completely overcomes the technical shortcomings of traditional telescopic chutes, which are straight-through open structures without buffering and guiding functions. It solves problems such as large instantaneous impacts from large materials, easy damage to the skip, material splashing, and uneven loading, ensuring uniform skip loading, stable operation, and safe and reliable performance. The device uses all standard, universal components, making procurement convenient, replacement simple, and maintenance costs low. After more than two years of continuous industrial application verification, the equipment has demonstrated excellent durability with no maintenance failures or downtime. It is also suitable for various vertical shaft working conditions in coal mines, metal and non-metal mines, and can flexibly adjust the feeding capacity according to the skip volume and hoisting parameters, making it widely adaptable and highly applicable.

[0018] This invention constructs a closed-loop operation system encompassing automatic surface loading, vertical shaft conveying, automatic underground unloading, and mechanized terminal transfer. The system features streamlined processes, rapid response, and a high degree of automation, significantly shortening material handling and turnover time. It effectively reduces the construction period and costs of deep mine development, expansion, and routine production, precisely matching the efficient production rhythm and capacity requirements of modern mines.

[0019] This invention features a novel multi-stage arc-shaped buffer and flow guide combined with a double-end reset torsion spring adaptive energy absorption structure for telescopic chutes. This differs from the traditional, unbuffered, and unguided straight-through telescopic chutes used in mines, integrating hydraulic quantitative feeding with adaptive buffer and flow guide functions. Existing cage feed chutes and fixed feed pipes lack a dedicated multi-stage buffer adaptation structure for reverse loading of skips. This device effectively mitigates the impact of large pieces of dry material falling, prevents spillage and uneven loading, and protects skip equipment. With its novel structure, dedicated function, and strong adaptability to various operating conditions, it possesses outstanding creativity, novelty, and industrial practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface wellhead assembly before feeding according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly and feeding process at the surface wellhead of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading process before the underground gate is opened. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of material unloading at the underground gate. Figure 5 This is an open front and side view of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding hopper mechanism; Figure 6 This is a rear view of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding hopper mechanism; Figure 7 Open a bottom view to show the three-dimensional structure of the feed hopper; Figure 8 This is a front sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic material guide buffer assembly; Figure 9 A bottom sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic material guide buffer assembly; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional closed structural diagram of the receiving bin assembly; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of the receiving hopper assembly; Figure 12 A top-down view of the three-dimensional structure of the receiving hopper assembly; Figure 13 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image.

[0021] Attached reference numerals: 1. Shaft entry tower assembly; 101. Vertical shaft; 102. Guide rope; 103. Skip; 104. Winding hoisting mechanism; 105. Inductive signal switch; 106. Matching stabilizing frame; 107. Ladder and operating platform; 2. Feeding hopper mechanism; 201. Feeding hopper; 202. Hydraulic drive mechanism one; 203. Feeding hopper fixing frame; 204. Limiting hydraulic cylinder one; 205. Feeding hopper discharge gate; 206. Guide rod; 207. Telescopic guide buffer assembly; 2071. Feeding hopper telescopic groove; 20 72. Guide rail; 2073. Arc-shaped buffer plate; 2074. Return torsion spring; 2075. Arc-shaped mounting groove; 2076. Rotating rod; 2077. Limiting hydraulic cylinder II; 2078. U-shaped mounting rod; 3. Receiving bin assembly; 301. Receiving bin; 302. Movable tilting chute; 303. Hydraulic cylinder; 304. Arc-shaped gate; 305. Hydraulic drive mechanism II; 4. Drive assembly; 401. Top mounting bracket; 402. Guide pulley; 403. Electric small trolley; 404. Connecting rope; 5. Material transport vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0023] Example: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 13 As shown, the present invention proposes a vertical material lowering device for a shaft, including a shaft entry tower assembly 1 and a material transport vehicle 5. The shaft entry tower assembly 1 is the core bearing and lifting base of the entire device, running through the entire shaft from the ground surface to the bottom. A feeding bin mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at the surface wellhead of the entry tower component 1 to realize surface material storage, quantitative supply, and buffer loading operations; a receiving bin component 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the entry tower component 1 to collect and release materials and realize precise unloading underground; a drive component 4 is installed at the bottom of the entry tower component 1 and above the receiving bin component 3. The drive component 4 is structurally linked with the receiving bin component 3 and the entry tower component 1 to provide traction and control power for the underground unloading structure; the material transport vehicle 5 can be flexibly arranged at the surface wellhead or bottom of the entry tower component 1. The surface end works with the feeding bin mechanism 2 to complete material replenishment, and the bottom end works with the receiving bin component 3 to complete unloading and material transfer, ultimately realizing the whole process operation of surface transportation of mine materials, vertical lowering of vertical shaft, and underground terminal transfer.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 13 As shown, the shaft tower assembly 1 includes a vertical shaft 101, which is a shaft channel for vertical material conveying. A sensor signal switch 105 is fixedly installed on the other side of the surface shaft opening. The sensor signal switch 105 can accurately sense the wellhead positioning signal of the skip 103, providing trigger commands for fully automated operation. A winding hoisting mechanism 104 is installed directly above the surface shaft opening of the vertical shaft 101, providing the core power for the lifting and lowering of the skip 103. Multiple guide ropes 102 are vertically arranged inside the vertical shaft 101, running parallel to form a limiting guide track. The skip 103 is slidably fitted onto the outside of the guide ropes 102, allowing it to slide smoothly up and down. The top of the skip 103 is fixedly connected to the telescopic traction end of the winding hoisting mechanism 104, and the lifting and lowering operation is achieved by the traction of the winding hoisting mechanism 104. A matching stabilizing sleeve 106 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical shaft 101. The matching stabilizing sleeve 106 can accurately limit and fix the skip 103 under the unloading condition to prevent the skip from shaking or shifting during the unloading process and ensure the stability of unloading. A ladder and operating platform 107 are built on one side of the bottom of the matching stabilizing sleeve 106 to provide a safe working platform for equipment inspection, maintenance and repair.

[0025] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the feeding hopper mechanism 2 is fixedly assembled at the surface wellhead position, including a feeding hopper fixing frame 203. The feeding hopper fixing frame 203 is an integral steel structure support base, firmly fixed to the wellhead ground, providing load-bearing support for all the feeding structures above. The feeding hopper 201 is fixedly installed on the inner top of the feeding hopper fixing frame 203 at an angle towards the wellhead. The feeding hopper 201 adopts a conical funnel structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, relying on the material's own weight to achieve autonomous unloading without the need for additional auxiliary unloading equipment. The feeding hopper 201 is precisely positioned with the lowest end as the discharge end facing the wellhead, and the highest end as the feed end with a vertical upward opening, facilitating direct feeding by loaders, scrapers, belt conveyors, and other equipment, adapting to various mechanized loading scenarios. A material discharge gate 205 is movably installed at the bottom of the feed hopper 201. The material discharge gate 205 can completely seal and cover the discharge port of the feed hopper 201, realizing the closure and controllable opening of the discharge port, and accurately controlling the start and stop of material falling.

[0026] The material discharge gate 205 of the hopper is hinged at one end away from the feeding hopper 201 to a limiting hydraulic cylinder 204. The other end of the limiting hydraulic cylinder 204 is movably connected to the top of the feeding hopper fixing frame 203 near the wellhead. Through the extension and retraction of the limiting hydraulic cylinder 204, the material discharge gate 205 can be precisely driven to open and close, while simultaneously controlling the limit of the gate's opening and closing stroke to ensure the accuracy of quantitative feeding. Guide rods 206 are obliquely fixedly installed at both ends of the feeding hopper fixing frame 203. The two guide rods 206 are symmetrically arranged and provide precise guidance, providing limiting guidance for the reciprocating motion of the telescopic structure. A telescopic guide buffer assembly 207 is fitted onto the outer side of the bottom of the feeding hopper 201. The telescopic guide buffer assembly 207 slides with the guide rods 206 and can reciprocate stably along the guide rods 206, realizing the automated action of extending into the hopper during loading and resetting and retracting after loading.

[0027] It should be noted that the telescopic material guide buffer assembly 207 is the core innovative structure of this invention, including two sets of symmetrically arranged guide rails 2072. The two sets of guide rails 2072 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the corresponding guide rods 206, and can slide smoothly along the axial direction of the guide rods 206 without deviation or jamming. The opposite ends of the two guide rails 2072 are fixedly connected to the hopper telescopic groove 2071. The hopper telescopic groove 2071 is fitted and arranged outside the feeding hopper 201 and the hopper discharge gate 205, and can extend and retract synchronously with the guide rails 2072, completely receiving the material falling from the gate and guiding it into the hopper. An arc-shaped mounting groove 2075 is opened at the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove 2071. A rotating rod 2076 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove 2071. The rotating rod 2076 and the arc-shaped mounting groove 2075 are staggered, with a buffer swing stroke reserved to ensure that the rotating rod 2076 can rotate flexibly.

[0028] The rotating rod 2076 has a return torsion spring 2074 fixedly fitted at both ends. The outer end of the return torsion spring 2074 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper expansion channel 2071. This allows the rotating rod 2076 to compress the return torsion spring 2074 during rotation, causing torsional deformation. After the material impact disappears, the spring rebounds, driving the rotating rod 2076 and the arc-shaped buffer plate 2073 to automatically reset, achieving adaptive cyclic buffering operation. The rotating rod 2076 is fixedly mounted with an integral arc-shaped buffer plate 2073. The arc-shaped buffer plate 2073 passes through the arc-shaped mounting groove 2075 and extends into the material flow area inside the hopper expansion channel 2071, directly absorbing the impact of falling materials. The arc-shaped plate structure can guide and decelerate materials step by step, gathering scattered material flow and preventing material splashing. A U-shaped mounting rod 2078 is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the hopper telescopic channel 2071. Located below the rotating rod 2076, the U-shaped mounting rod 2078 serves as structural reinforcement and a mounting carrier. A second, obliquely arranged limiting hydraulic cylinder 2077 is fixed to the side of the U-shaped mounting rod 2078 facing away from the wellhead. The other end of the second, limiting hydraulic cylinder 2077 is fixedly connected to the side of the feed hopper fixing frame 203 near the feed hopper 201. The extension and retraction of the second, limiting hydraulic cylinder 2077 helps limit the extension and retraction stroke of the hopper telescopic channel 2071, ensuring precise and controllable extension and retraction positions. Both the first, limiting hydraulic cylinder 204 and the second, limiting hydraulic cylinder 2077 are electrically connected to a first, hydraulic drive mechanism 202 via wires. The first, hydraulic drive mechanism 202 provides unified hydraulic power and electrical control, achieving synchronous linkage and automated start and stop of the actions of each cylinder.

[0029] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the receiving bin assembly 3 is fixedly installed on the side of the matching stable frame 106 near the ladder and operating platform 107. The receiving bin 301 is arranged at an angle and adopts a funnel-shaped self-weight unloading structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom. The highest point is precisely aligned with the discharge port of the skip 103, which can fully receive the material released from the skip. The lowest point is connected to the external material transport vehicle 5 to realize direct material transfer. The highest point of the receiving bin 301 is rotatably connected to a movable tilting chute 302, which is flush with the discharge port of the skip 103. It can be tilted and adjusted according to the unloading conditions to precisely align with the discharge port of the skip, achieving seamless material guidance and preventing material spillage.

[0030] An arc-shaped gate 304 is movably installed at the lowest discharge port of the receiving hopper 301. The arc-shaped gate 304 can completely seal and controllably open the discharge port of the receiving hopper 301, precisely controlling the start and stop of material unloading from the mine. A hydraulic cylinder 303 is movably connected to the top of the arc-shaped gate 304. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 303 is movably connected to the internal structure of the vertical shaft 101. The arc-shaped gate is opened and closed by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 303. The hydraulic cylinder 303 is electrically connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism 305 via wires. The hydraulic drive mechanism 305 independently provides power and control, realizing the automated control of the unloading gate in the mine.

[0031] like Figure 13 As shown, the drive assembly 4 includes a top mounting bracket 401 fixedly installed on the matching stabilizing frame 106. The top mounting bracket 401 is arranged above the ladder and operating platform 107, without occupying maintenance work space. A guide pulley 402 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the top mounting bracket 401. An electric trolley 403 is fixedly installed on the top of the ladder and operating platform 107. A connecting rope 404 is wound around the electric trolley 403 and the guide pulley 402. The guide pulley 402 plays a guiding, friction-reducing, and limiting role, ensuring the smooth operation of the connecting rope 404. One end of the connecting rope 404 is fixedly connected to the movable tilting trough 302, and the other end is linked to the discharge valve of the skip 103. By the movement of the electric trolley 403 to raise and lower the rope, the tilting posture of the movable tilting trough 302 and the opening and closing of the skip discharge valve can be adjusted, realizing automated traction control of the unloading structure and ensuring precise matching of unloading operations.

[0032] In this embodiment, during the initial operation of the equipment, dry materials such as sand, gravel, and ballast are replenished into the feeding hopper 201 via a surface material transport vehicle 5 or mechanized equipment. The materials are stored inside the conical feeding hopper 201 and accumulate at the discharge end by their own weight, awaiting the loading command. When the winding lifting mechanism 104 pulls the skip 103 up along the guide rope 102 to the surface wellhead loading position, the induction signal switch 105 accurately senses the skip's arrival signal, triggering the start of the entire loading system.

[0033] After the loading operation is started, the hydraulic drive mechanism 202 controls the extension and retraction of the limit hydraulic cylinder 2077, driving the hopper extension trough 2071 to extend smoothly along the guide rod 206 and guide rail 2072, so that the end of the extension trough extends into the preset loading position inside the skip 103, accurately aligning with the loading area. Subsequently, the hydraulic drive mechanism 202 controls the action of the limit hydraulic cylinder 204, pulling the hopper discharge gate 205 to open controllably, allowing the material inside the feed hopper 201 to fall under its own weight and enter the hopper extension trough 2071.

[0034] During the material's descent, it first impacts the integral arc-shaped buffer plate 2073 inside the telescopic trough at high speed. The instantaneous impact kinetic energy of the large material causes the arc-shaped buffer plate 2073 to swing slightly, driving the rotating rod 2076 to rotate synchronously. The return torsion springs 2074 at both ends of the rotating rod 2076 undergo torsional deformation, absorbing and dissipating the impact kinetic energy of the material through the elastic deformation of the torsion springs, achieving multi-stage flexible buffering and deceleration. At the same time, the arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped buffer plate 2073 can gather the scattered material flow, allowing the material to fall evenly and at a low speed into the skip 103, completely avoiding the impact damage, uneven loading, and material splashing caused by the material directly hitting the bottom of the skip. After a single batch of material is loaded, the hydraulic cylinder drives the gate to close, the telescopic trough to reset, and the torsion springs rebound to drive the buffer plate to automatically reset, awaiting the next loading operation.

[0035] After loading is completed, the system issues a lowering command. The winding lifting mechanism 104 pulls the fully loaded skip 103 smoothly down the vertical shaft 101 and the guide rope 102 until it reaches the unloading position at the bottom of the shaft. The matching stabilizing frame 106 limits and fixes the skip 103 to ensure stable unloading without shaking. Then, the electric trolley 403 of the drive assembly 4 pulls the movable tilting trough 302 to rotate via the connecting rope 404, so that the tilting trough is precisely aligned with the discharge port of the skip 103. At the same time, the hydraulic drive mechanism 305 controls the hydraulic cylinder 303 to open the arc gate 304, and the skip unloads. The material is smoothly collected into the receiving bin 301 through the movable tilting trough 302.

[0036] After unloading, all structures automatically reset, and the five pairs of receiving bins (301 discharge end) of the underground material transport vehicles directly transfer the materials to various mining faces underground, achieving continuous mechanized transfer operations. The entire operation process is cyclical, fully automated, with precise structural coordination and reliable buffer protection. It not only revitalizes idle skip hoisting equipment but also completely solves the industry problems of low efficiency, poor safety, and easy equipment damage in traditional vertical shaft unloading.

[0037] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft, characterized in that, The system includes a well tower assembly (1) and a material transport vehicle (5). A feeding bin mechanism (2) is fixedly installed at the surface wellhead of the well tower assembly (1). A receiving bin assembly (3) is installed at the bottom of the well tower assembly (1). A drive assembly (4) is installed at the bottom of the well tower assembly (1) and above the receiving bin assembly (3), respectively cooperating with the receiving bin assembly (3) and the well tower assembly (1). The material transport vehicle (5) can be arranged at the surface wellhead or the bottom of the well tower assembly (1) and cooperates with the feeding bin mechanism (2) and the receiving bin assembly (3) respectively to realize the material transportation and underground transfer operation.

2. The vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding bin mechanism (2) includes a feeding bin fixing frame (203) fixedly installed at the wellhead position on the ground surface. The feeding bin (201) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner side of the feeding bin fixing frame (203) at an angle towards the wellhead. The feeding bin (201) is set with the lowest end as the discharge end facing the wellhead and the highest end as the feed end with a vertical upward opening. The lowest end of the feeding bin (201) is movably installed with a bin discharge gate (205) that can seal and cover its discharge port.

3. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material discharge gate (205) of the hopper is movably connected to a limiting hydraulic cylinder (204) at one end away from the feeding hopper (201). The other end of the limiting hydraulic cylinder (204) is movably connected to the top of the feeding hopper fixing frame (203) near the wellhead. Guide rods (206) are obliquely fixed at the bottom of both ends inside the feeding hopper fixing frame (203). A telescopic material guiding buffer assembly (207) that slides with the guide rods (206) is fitted on the outer side of the bottom of the feeding hopper (201).

4. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic material guide buffer assembly (207) includes two guide rails (2072) that are slidably sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (206). The two guide rails (2072) are fixed together at opposite ends with a hopper telescopic groove (2071) that is sleeved on the outside of the feed hopper (201) and the hopper discharge gate (205). An arc-shaped mounting groove (2075) is provided at the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove (2071). A rotating rod (2076) that is interspersed with the arc-shaped mounting groove (2075) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the hopper telescopic groove (2071).

5. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotating rod (2076) are fitted with return torsion springs (2074). The outer ends of the return torsion springs (2074) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hopper expansion groove (2071). The rotating rod (2076) is fixed with an integral arc-shaped buffer plate (2073) that penetrates the arc-shaped mounting groove (2075) and extends into the hopper expansion groove (2071). The bottommost end of the outer side of the hopper expansion groove (2071) is fixed with a device located on the rotating rod (2076). 76) The U-shaped mounting rod (2078) below has a diagonally arranged limiting hydraulic cylinder two (2077) fixed on the side of the U-shaped mounting rod (2078) facing away from the wellhead. The other end of the limiting hydraulic cylinder two (2077) is fixedly connected to the side of the feed bin fixing frame (203) near the feed bin (201). The limiting hydraulic cylinder one (204) and the limiting hydraulic cylinder two (2077) are both electrically connected to the hydraulic drive mechanism one (202) through wires.

6. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well tower assembly (1) includes a vertical shaft (101). A sensor signal switch (105) is fixedly installed on the other side of the surface wellhead of the vertical shaft (101). A winding hoisting mechanism (104) is installed directly above the surface wellhead of the vertical shaft (101). Multiple guide ropes (102) are vertically arranged inside the vertical shaft (101). The multiple guide ropes (102) are slidably fitted together with a skip (103) located inside the vertical shaft (101). The top of the skip (103) is fixedly connected to the telescopic traction end of the winding hoisting mechanism (104). A matching stabilizing frame (106) matching the limit of the unloading operation of the skip (103) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical shaft (101). A ladder and operating platform (107) are built on one side of the bottom of the matching stabilizing frame (106).

7. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving bin assembly (3) is fixedly installed on the side of the matching stabilizing frame (106) near the ladder and operating platform (107). The receiving bin (301) is arranged at an angle and its highest point corresponds to the discharge port of the skip (103). Its lowest point is connected to the external material transport vehicle (5). The highest point of the receiving bin (301) is rotatably connected to a movable chute (302) that is flush with the discharge port of the skip (103) and can be connected to guide materials.

8. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom outlet of the receiving hopper (301) is movably fitted with a sealable arc-shaped gate (304). The top of the arc-shaped gate (304) is movably connected to a hydraulic cylinder (303). The other end of the hydraulic cylinder (303) is movably connected to the internal structure of the vertical shaft (101). The hydraulic cylinder (303) is electrically connected to a hydraulic drive mechanism (305) via a wire.

9. A vertical material lowering device for a shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive assembly (4) includes a top mounting bracket (401) fixedly installed on the matching stabilizing frame (106) and located above the top of the ladder and operating platform (107). The bottom of the top mounting bracket (401) is equipped with a guide pulley (402). An electric small trolley (403) is installed on the top of the ladder and operating platform (107). The electric small trolley (403) and the guide pulley (402) are wrapped together with a connecting rope (404). One end of the connecting rope (404) is connected to the movable tipping trough (302), and the other end is linked to the discharge valve of the skip (103) to realize the traction control of the unloading structure.

Images