A reinforcing cage integral hoisting device based on positioning guide structure

Abstract

The present application relates to hoisting technical field, and disclose a kind of steel reinforcement cage whole hoisting device based on positioning guide structure, including main hoisting mechanism and auxiliary hoisting mechanism;The main hoisting mechanism includes connecting main frame and several clamping modules for cage end fixed, and connecting main frame is connected with crane lifting end by main steel rope Z;The auxiliary hoisting mechanism includes two groups of symmetrically arranged connecting modules, and two groups of connecting modules are connected with crane lifting end by auxiliary steel rope F respectively;The connecting module includes connecting main body, hoop type fixing structure, self-triggering lock module, and counterweight with sensor group.The present application solves the defects such as stress concentration of existing lifting appliance, easy deformation, auxiliary hoisting off-hook, cage eccentric instability, no falling protection, etc., can automatically complete steel reinforcement cage turning over, off-hook and fault braking, without high-altitude manual unhooking, and is suitable for large-diameter steel reinforcement cage safe hoisting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hoisting technology, and more specifically to a hoisting device for an integral steel cage based on a positioning and guiding structure. Background Technology

[0002] The application of large-diameter, ultra-long steel cages is widespread in pile foundation, bridge, and high-rise building projects. The overall lifting, aerial flipping and repositioning, and vertical insertion of the steel cage into the hole are key procedures in pile foundation construction. The industry mainstream adopts a dual-hook coordinated lifting process with main and auxiliary cranes. However, during the horizontal to vertical flipping stage of the steel cage, safety and quality defects such as uneven stress in the cage, tearing of weld joints at steel rebar nodes, accidental disengagement of lifting equipment, large swinging and instability of the cage, and lack of emergency braking during descent are prone to occur. Existing specialized lifting equipment still cannot simultaneously solve the three major technical pain points of stress protection, precise and controllable automatic disengagement, and braking under abnormal working conditions.

[0003] Existing hoisting equipment of the same type has two core defects: First, the hoisting device disclosed in CN121470337A only relies on V-shaped clamps to hold the vertical bars laterally and the bearing rods to passively support the ring bars. It does not implement bidirectional composite clamping at the intersection of the ring bars and vertical bars, and the hoisting load is concentrated at the weld points of the steel bars. During the overturning process of the steel cage, the bending moment increases sharply, and the stress concentration at the intersection is prone to weld fracture, steel bar bending, and cage twisting and disintegration. Moreover, there is no auxiliary hoisting structure to guide and correct the cage. The eccentric deflection of the cage during the overturning process further aggravates the risk of node damage.

[0004] Secondly, the hoisting device disclosed in CN119117894A relies on the cage's swinging and pressing against the contact plate to trigger the auxiliary hoist's unhooking mechanism, resulting in poor anti-interference capability of the unlocking logic. During the entire process of rebar cage flipping, lateral swaying and slight tilting are unavoidable. If the cage is not fully upright, it is highly susceptible to accidental triggering of the unlocking mechanism, causing the auxiliary hoist to prematurely detach from the rebar cage. This leaves the main hoist bearing the entire cage load at a single point, and instantaneous overload can easily cause the rebar cage to bend or fall from a height, posing significant construction safety hazards. This makes it difficult to meet the stable and safe construction requirements for the flipping and hoisting of large-tonnage rebar cages. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a rebar cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure, which can effectively solve the problems of stress concentration and easy deformation of the rebar cage during overturning, easy accidental disengagement of the auxiliary hoist, and lack of positioning and guiding for hoisting eccentricity and instability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a rebar cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure, comprising a main hoisting mechanism and an auxiliary hoisting mechanism; The main lifting mechanism includes a connecting main frame and several clamping modules for fixing the end of the cage. The connecting main frame is connected to the lifting end of the crane via the main steel rope Z. The auxiliary lifting mechanism includes two sets of symmetrically arranged connection modules, and the two sets of connection modules are respectively connected to the lifting end of the crane via auxiliary steel rope F; The connection module includes a connection body, a clamp-type fixing structure, a self-triggering locking module, and a counterweight with a sensor group; the self-triggering locking module includes a locking unit and a gravity triggering unit. The locking unit is used to lock the clamp-type fixing structure in the closed state to ensure the stability of the clamp holding the vertical ribs of the cage; the gravity triggering unit controls the locking unit to unlock the clamp-type fixing structure after the cage changes from a horizontal to a vertical state. The main connecting frame is equipped with two sets of self-locking guide components, each including a guide plate and a clamping plate. The guide plate is used to guide the auxiliary steel rope F, ensuring that the upper and lower ends of the cage remain vertical after the attitude change. The clamping plate is used to lock the auxiliary steel rope F when the cage descends abnormally or swings significantly, thus limiting the cage's continued descent. The working logic of the self-locking guide is as follows: After the cage turns vertical, the two auxiliary steel ropes F enter the self-locking guide, the auxiliary lifting mechanism is disconnected from the cage, and the counterweight pulls the auxiliary steel ropes F to keep them vertical; when the cage is lowered normally, the main steel rope Z is unwound and the length of the auxiliary steel ropes F is fixed; when the cage falls at high speed or swings significantly, the sensor group collects abnormal signals, drives the self-locking guide to lock the auxiliary steel ropes F, and stops the cage from lowering.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamp-type fixing structure includes two clamping blocks, both of which have an elastic anti-slip layer on their clamping surfaces, and the two clamping blocks are hinged to one side of the connecting body. The locking unit includes a limiting block that is slidably assembled inside the connecting body. The limiting block has two sets of limiting protrusions T on its side. The limiting protrusions T pass through the opening of the connecting body and abut against the hinge surface of the clamping block, preventing the clamping block from flipping outward and opening.

[0008] Furthermore, a push plate is assembled on one side of the connecting body via an elastic telescopic rod; when the control limit protrusion T retracts and the clamping block loses its lateral clamping constraint, the push plate squeezes the clamping block to make it fan-shaped and releases the vertical rib from clamping. Multiple sets of compression springs are fixed inside the connecting body. The compression springs continuously apply outward elastic force to the limiting block, causing the limiting protrusion T to extend normally and lock the clamping block. After disengaging, the clamping block automatically retracts.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer wall of the connecting body is fixed with a ring track, and a rotating sleeve block is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the ring track. The end of the auxiliary steel rope F is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating sleeve block. When the cage body deflects at an angle during the hoisting process, the rotating sleeve block rotates accordingly. The counterweight is fixed to the bottom end of the auxiliary steel rope F. After the clamp is unlocked, the auxiliary steel rope F is continuously straightened to ensure that the auxiliary steel rope F hangs vertically. The sensor group includes an attitude sensor and an acceleration sensor. The attitude sensor is built into the counterweight and is used to detect the swing amplitude of the bottom of the cage. The acceleration sensor is installed on the guide plate and is used to collect the vertical acceleration of the cage as it is lowered.

[0010] Furthermore, the locking unit also includes a rotating body and two abutting rods; the rotating body is rotatably assembled on the other side of the connecting body via bearings, with one end extending into the inner cavity of the connecting body; the two abutting rods are fixed on the other side of the limiting block, and the ends of the abutting rods are in contact with the inner end face of the rotating body via rolling balls; two sets of contraction holes are opened on the inner end face of the rotating body. When the rotating body rotates until the contraction hole aligns with the clamping rod, the end of the clamping rod is inserted into the contraction hole, and the limiting block retracts to unlock the clamping block; the inlet of the contraction hole has a flared structure. The gravity triggering unit includes a connecting sleeve with a center of gravity block. The connecting sleeve is fixed to the outer end of the rotating body, and the center of gravity block is arranged eccentrically along the radial direction of the rotating body. When the cage body changes its posture, the center of gravity block generates an eccentric torque to drive the rotating body to rotate. The unlocking is triggered only when the connecting sleeve is parallel to the vertical rib of the cage body and the cage body is vertical. At other tilt angles, the cage body remains locked.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide plate is assembled below the connecting main frame by adjustable bolt rods, and the guide plate is arranged on the outside of the cage; a positioning groove is provided in the middle of the guide plate, and arc-shaped inclined surfaces H are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning groove; when the cage changes from horizontal to vertical, the auxiliary steel rope F slides into the positioning groove along the arc-shaped inclined surface H to complete the guiding and positioning.

[0012] Furthermore, two sealing blocks are symmetrically slidably assembled inside the guide plate through elastic elements. Under normal conditions, the elastic elements push the sealing blocks to seal the opening of the positioning groove to prevent the auxiliary steel rope F from coming out. An inlet ramp is provided on the outside of the sealing block. When the auxiliary steel rope F returns to its position, it squeezes the ramp to push the sealing block open and smoothly enters the groove. The clamping plate is driven by an electric push rod and assembled inside the positioning groove. The electric push rod is aligned with the center line of the two sealing blocks. When the sensor detects abnormal swinging or sudden drop of the cage, the electric push rod pushes the clamping plate to cooperate with the sealing blocks to clamp and lock the auxiliary steel rope F, thus restricting the cage from falling.

[0013] Furthermore, several clamping modules are evenly arranged along the circumference of the connecting main frame. The clamping modules are linked to the Z-force-bearing end of the main steel rope through a linkage structure. Relying on the self-weight of the cage, all clamping modules are driven to simultaneously clamp the cross nodes of the cage's ring ribs and vertical ribs, thus dispersing the hoisting stress. The clamping module includes a support frame and a clamping block; the support frame is located below the ring reinforcement to provide vertical support; the clamping block is horizontally slidably assembled on the top surface of the support frame, pressing the junction of the ring reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement from the inside out.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the support frame is provided with a positioning slot D1 and a limiting part D2 extending along its length; the vertical rib is embedded in the positioning slot D1 to achieve positioning; when the support frame retracts towards the axis of the connecting main frame, the limiting part D2 abuts against the ring rib from the outside to correct the coaxiality of the cage body and the hoisting axis; the limiting part D2 and the abutting block form a double clamping clamp from the inside and outside. The support frame is radially slidably assembled along the connecting main frame and is driven by a linkage structure to synchronously extend and retract radially.

[0015] Furthermore, a cylindrical shell is fixed to the top of the main connecting frame; the connecting rod structure includes a telescopic column and multiple sets of transmission structures; the telescopic column is axially slidably assembled inside the cylindrical shell, with its top end extending out of the shell and fixed to the main steel cable Z; multiple hinge frames are circumferentially hinged to the outer wall of the telescopic column, and the hinge frames pass through the sliding groove of the cylindrical shell and are hinged to each set of support frames; pulling the main steel cable Z causes the telescopic column to move upward, and the hinge frames pull the support frames to retract and clamp towards the axis; A spring assembly is installed between the bottom of the cylindrical shell and the bottom of the telescopic column. The spring force of the spring assembly is less than the weight of the telescopic column itself. The transmission structure includes a hinge seat that is vertically slidably mounted on the connecting main frame. The hinge seat has two symmetrically inclined transmission frames fixed on its rotating shaft. The two transmission frames are respectively hinged to the support frame and the clamping block. When the support frame moves radially inward, it drives the hinge seat to slide vertically through the transmission frames, and synchronously drives the clamping block to feed outward to clamp the steel bar node.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention addresses the problem that existing lifting devices concentrate loads on the weld seams of reinforcing bars, which can easily cause the cage to twist and crack. This device clamps the cross nodes of reinforcing bars at multiple points around the circumference, and relies on the support frame and the clamping block to form a two-way clamping effect to disperse the lifting stress. When clamping and closing, it automatically corrects the coaxiality of the lifting and eliminates eccentric bending moments. The elastic anti-slip layer buffers the squeezing and damaging of the reinforcing bars, effectively preventing the weld seams from tearing, bending and falling apart when the reinforcing cage is turned over.

[0017] 2. This invention solves the hidden danger of accidental disengagement due to swaying of traditional lifting devices. This device adopts an eccentric center of gravity triggering mechanism, which unlocks only when the steel cage is completely vertical, and locks the clamps throughout the entire process of flipping and tilting; the spring normally locks and automatically retracts the clamping block to prevent snagging after unlocking, and the rotating sleeve block avoids steel rope kinking and interference with unlocking, thus eliminating the risk of single-point overload and cage fall caused by premature separation of the auxiliary lifting device.

[0018] 3. This invention overcomes the deficiency of existing equipment lacking an attitude guidance and correction structure. The self-locking guide component guides the auxiliary steel rope back into position through an arc-shaped inclined surface, forcing the upper and lower ends of the steel cage to be coaxial and perpendicular. The elastic sealing block prevents the steel rope from coming off and maintains guidance. The adjustable structure is suitable for various steel cage specifications, avoiding the cage tilting and scraping against the hole wall, and avoiding problems such as drilling collapse and steel cage offset and jamming. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking guide of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the self-locking guide of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the auxiliary lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Structural breakdown diagram; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the limiting block and the rotating body of the present invention.

[0021] The labels in the diagram represent: 10. Cage; 20. Main hoisting mechanism; 21. Telescopic column; 22. Hinge frame; 23. Hinge seat; 24. Transmission frame; 25. Spring assembly; 26. Connecting main frame; 27. Clamping module; 271. Support bracket; 272. Anchor block; 30. Auxiliary lifting mechanism; 31. Connecting main body; 32. Counterweight block; 33. Clamping block; 34. Push plate; 35. Circular track; 36. Rotating sleeve block; 37. Self-trigger locking module; 371. Limiting block; 372. Compression spring; 373. Rotating body; 374. Clamping rod; 375. Contraction hole; 376. Connecting sleeve; 40. Self-locking guide; 41. Guide plate; 42. Anchor plate; 43. Adjustable bolt rod; 44. Guide roller; 45. Electric push rod; 46. Sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution: a rebar cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure. The whole machine is divided into two independent lifting and bearing units: a main hoisting mechanism 20 and an auxiliary hoisting mechanism 30. The two work together to complete the entire process of loading the rebar cage horizontally, changing its posture in the air, and lowering it vertically for drilling. This solves the engineering pain points of traditional single-point hoisting of rebar cages, such as deformation, posture deviation, hole wall scraping, loss of control during descent, and the inability of the bottom lifting device to automatically detach.

[0026] The main lifting mechanism 20 is the main load-bearing structure at the upper end of the steel cage. The core load-bearing base is the connecting main frame 26. Multiple sets of clamping modules 27 are evenly distributed around the frame to serve as multi-point clamping and positioning actuators at the end of the steel cage. The top of the connecting main frame 26 is rigidly connected to the output end of the main lifting winch of the hoisting equipment through the main steel rope Z, bearing most of the self-weight load of the steel cage. It relies on the self-weight linkage clamping mechanism to achieve synchronous clamping of the ring and vertical bar nodes, disperse the hoisting stress, and avoid tearing of the welded joints of the steel bars.

[0027] The auxiliary lifting mechanism 30 is equipped with two symmetrically arranged connection modules. The two modules are connected to the lifting end of the crane's auxiliary winch via independent auxiliary steel ropes F. In the initial stage of lifting, they provide support for the bottom of the rebar cage and assist in the transition from horizontal to vertical posture. Each connection module integrates four functional components: the main connection body 31, the clamp-type fixing structure, the self-triggered locking module 37, and the counterweight block 32. The self-triggered locking module 37 is divided into two sets of linkage sub-mechanisms: the locking unit mechanically limits and locks the clamp, relying on surface contact to constrain the clamp's degree of freedom of rotation, ensuring the structural stability of the clamped vertical reinforcement and preventing the lifting device from loosening during the rotation process. The gravity triggering unit is based on the principle of center of gravity offset moment. When the rebar cage completely changes from a horizontal posture to a vertical working condition, the center of gravity deflection drives the locking unit to automatically release the clamp limit, realizing automatic unhooking of the bottom lifting device without manual intervention, avoiding the safety risks of manual unhooking at high altitudes.

[0028] Two sets of self-locking guide components 40 are symmetrically assembled at the lower end of the main frame 26. Each set of guide components consists of a guide plate 41 and a clamping plate 42, forming an integrated safety component for limiting the auxiliary steel rope F, correcting its posture, and locking in case of abnormality. The guide plate 41 is responsible for constraining the trajectory of the auxiliary steel rope F. After the posture conversion is completed, the two auxiliary steel ropes F are accurately returned to their original positions using the inclined guide groove, which forcibly constrains the upper and lower ends of the steel cage to be coaxial, ensuring that the cage 10 is vertical as a whole. The clamping plate 42 is a dynamic safety locking actuator. It clamps the auxiliary steel rope F to prevent the steel cage from continuing to descend and prevents the swing amplitude from increasing and scraping the borehole wall, causing borehole collapse, or steel cage jamming accidents.

[0029] The self-locking guide component 40's complete linkage control mechanism works as follows: After the rebar cage flips in the air to a vertical position, the auxiliary steel ropes F on both sides slide into the guide positioning groove along the inclined surface of the guide plate 41. At this time, the clamp structure of the auxiliary lifting mechanism 30 automatically unlocks and separates from the bottom of the rebar cage. The counterweight block 32 continuously pulls the auxiliary steel ropes F downwards by its own constant weight, so that the two sections of auxiliary steel ropes F always maintain a vertical suspension state, eliminating the guide failure problem caused by the slack and skew of the auxiliary steel ropes F. During the vertical lowering stage of the rebar cage, the main winch of the crane continuously unwinds the main steel rope Z, while the auxiliary winch remains locked. The length of the auxiliary steel ropes F remains constant and is neither wound nor unwound, and the rebar cage descends smoothly only along the trajectory limited by the two vertical auxiliary steel ropes F. When abnormal conditions such as high-speed descent and large lateral swing of the cage 10 occur, the lateral inertial force of the cage 10 is transmitted to the auxiliary steel rope F in the guide groove of the guide plate 41. The guide plate 41 only provides horizontal limiting constraint for the auxiliary steel rope F, while allowing the connecting main frame 26 to slide downward relative to the auxiliary steel rope F in the vertical direction. The total mass of the auxiliary steel rope F and the bottom counterweight 32 is much smaller than the weight of the steel cage itself. Under the action of inertia, the swing amplitude of the counterweight 32 will be significantly amplified. The sensor group collects attitude and acceleration data in real time, and the abnormal signal is transmitted to the whole machine's electronic control system, which drives the internal clamping mechanism of the self-locking guide 40 to clamp the auxiliary steel rope F, rigidly limiting the slippage of the auxiliary steel rope F, blocking the continuous descent path of the steel cage, and realizing active braking protection for hoisting failure.

[0030] See attached document Figures 7 to 9 The auxiliary lifting mechanism 30 features a clamp-type fixing structure with double-sided hinged opening clamping. The core load-bearing components are two symmetrical clamping blocks 33. These two clamping blocks 33 rotate around the hinge axis to complete their opening and closing action. The inner clamping surface is coated with a high-friction coefficient elastic anti-slip layer made of oil-resistant and wear-resistant polyurethane elastomer. Its mechanism is to increase the contact friction with the outer wall of the vertical reinforcement cage, disperse the clamping pressure, and avoid surface indentations and cross-sectional damage to the vertical reinforcement caused by rigid clamping. It also accommodates different diameter reinforcement bars with varying outer diameter tolerances. The two clamping blocks 33 are hinged to the side wall of the connecting body 31, and when closed, they encircle and tighten around a single vertical reinforcement bar, forming a ring-shaped constraint.

[0031] The core limiting component of the locking unit is the limiting block 371. The limiting block 371 slides horizontally along the internal guide slide of the connecting body 31. Two sets of limiting protrusions T are integrally formed symmetrically on the side of the limiting block 371. The protrusions extend outward through the rectangular opening in the side wall of the connecting body 31, and the extended end presses against the hinged back of the two clamping blocks 33 to form a two-way mechanical limiting constraint. In the locked state, the clamping blocks 33 cannot be flipped outward to open, thus locking the closed posture of the clamp from the structural level and ensuring that the bottom clamp does not loosen during the flipping and lifting of the steel cage.

[0032] See attached document Figure 9 An elastic telescopic rod is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the connecting body 31, and the output end of the rod is rigidly fixed to the push plate 34, forming a clamping forced opening actuator. Working logic: When the limit block 371 retracts horizontally and the limit protrusion T is completely retracted into the connecting body 31, the hinge surface of the clamping block 33 loses its lateral clamping constraint, the pre-compressed elastic telescopic rod releases elastic thrust, and the push plate 34 simultaneously applies lateral component force to the two clamping blocks 33, driving the two clamping blocks 33 to unfold outward in a fan shape around the hinge axis, completely releasing the clamping of the vertical reinforcement, and completing the separation of the lifting device from the steel cage.

[0033] Multiple sets of parallel compression springs 372 are arranged inside the connecting body 31. One end of the compression spring 372 abuts against the inner wall of the connecting body 31, and the other end continuously applies a horizontal outward elastic preload to the limiting block 371. Under normal conditions, the thrust pushes the limiting block 371 to slide outward, causing the two sets of limiting protrusions T to continuously extend out of the opening, maintaining the locking state of the clamping block 33. The engineering value of setting up this compression spring 372 reset structure is as follows: If the clamping block 33 does not have an active closing constraint after the lifting device is unhooked, the two clamping blocks 33 will remain in an open state. During the lowering process, the open clamping blocks 33 are very likely to snag on the steel cage and drilled steel bars, causing malfunctions such as jamming, deformation of the cage 10, and jamming of the lifting device; the compression spring 372 continuously outputs preload, and after the unhooking is completed, it automatically pushes the limiting block 371 to reset, and the clamping block 33 closes and retracts, eliminating the safety hazard of the hook; The spring force of the compression spring 372 is greater than the spring force of the elastic telescopic rod and the matching push plate 34. The two work together to complete the opening and closing of the hoop. After the cage 10 is vertical, the auxiliary steel rope F enters the positioning groove along the arc-shaped inclined surface H of the guide plate 41. The upper section of the rope is vertical and the lower section is slightly inclined. The inclination of the lower section generates a horizontal offset torque, which, together with the elastic thrust of the push plate 34, supports the clamping block 33. After the self-triggered locking module 37 unlocks and the limit block 371 retracts, the clamping block opens quickly. The auxiliary lifting mechanism 30 is smoothly lifted away from the cage 10 by the combined torque, and the auxiliary steel rope F is then straightened by the counterweight block 32. After the lifting device is disengaged, the thrust of the push plate 34 decreases, the compression spring 372 releases the pre-tightening force to push out the limit block 371, overcomes the residual thrust, and closes the clamping block 33 to avoid the lifting device snagging on the reinforcing bars or the hole wall, ensuring the stability of the lifting cycle.

[0034] See attached document Figures 7 to 10The main body 31 is connected to a fixed annular track 35 on its outer circumference. A rotating sleeve 36 that can rotate circumferentially without obstruction is assembled on the outer ring of the annular track 35. The lower end of the auxiliary steel rope F is rigidly fixed to the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 36, forming an adaptive rotation and anti-entanglement sub-structure for the auxiliary steel rope F. When the steel cage undergoes slight torsion or angular deflection during hoisting, the rotating sleeve 36 can rotate synchronously along the annular track 35, continuously keeping the connection point between the auxiliary steel rope F and the connecting module vertically upward. This avoids multiple auxiliary steel ropes F from crossing, tangling, and knotting, and eliminates failure problems such as uneven stress due to kinking of the auxiliary steel rope F, local stress concentration leading to wire breakage, and jamming of the guide plate 41 guide groove.

[0035] The counterweight 32 is fixedly assembled at the bottom of the auxiliary steel rope F. It provides a constant downward pull by its own weight. After the clamp is unlocked and the lifting device is separated from the steel cage, the auxiliary steel rope F is continuously straightened to maintain its vertical suspension posture, eliminate the slack and bending of the auxiliary steel rope F, and ensure that the positioning of the auxiliary steel rope F in the guide plate 41 and the attitude detection data of the sensor on the counterweight 32 are accurate and reliable, providing a stable mechanical basis for the safe braking of the self-locking guide 40.

[0036] The sensor group includes two types of detection elements: one is a high-precision attitude sensor, which is built into the counterweight 32 to collect the lateral swing offset angle of the bottom of the vertical steel cage in real time and quantify the sway amplitude of the cage body 10; the other is a three-axis acceleration sensor, which is installed on the guide plate 41 to collect the vertical acceleration of the steel cage in real time and distinguish between two working conditions: uniform normal descent and stall descent. The two types of sensor signals are transmitted to the crane's matching electrical control terminal in real time as the trigger judgment basis for the locking action of the guide component.

[0037] See attached document Figures 7 to 10 The locking unit is equipped with a rotary transmission unlocking sub-mechanism, comprising a rotating body 373 and two symmetrical clamping rods 374. The rotating body 373 is rotatably mounted on the other end face of the connecting body 31 via a high-precision thrust bearing. One end of the rotating body 373 extends into the interior of the connecting body 31, forming an internal and external linkage rotary structure. The two clamping rods 374 are fixed parallel to each other on the side wall of the limiting block 371 opposite to the protrusion T. Wear-resistant rolling balls are fitted to the ends of the clamping rods 374, which continuously contact the inner end face of the rotating body 373 through rolling friction, reducing the frictional resistance of the rotary transmission and preventing jamming. Two sets of contraction holes 375 are symmetrically opened circumferentially on the inner end face of the rotating body 373, forming a periodic variable diameter transmission surface.

[0038] Transmission unlocking principle: When the gravity trigger unit drives the rotating body 373 to rotate circumferentially, the ends of the two clamping rods 374 continue to roll along the inner annular end face of the rotating body 373; when the contraction hole 375 rotates to the corresponding position of the clamping rod 374, the end of the clamping rod 374 loses the end face support constraint, and under the reverse thrust of the cage body 10's own weight and the guide plate 41's vertical restriction on the auxiliary steel rope F, it probes into the interior of the contraction hole 375, the limiting block 371 synchronously retracts horizontally inward, the limiting protrusion T retracts, the hinge surface of the clamping block 33 loses the lateral locking force, and the two clamping blocks 33 open in a fan shape under the action of the push plate 34, releasing the vertical rib clamping constraint and realizing the automatic unhooking of the lifting device.

[0039] The upper end of the contraction hole 375 adopts a flared conical transition structure, which has a dual engineering function: First, during rotation and alignment, the flared bevel acts as a guide, allowing the rolling ball to slide smoothly into the contraction hole 375 without hard collisions or jamming; Second, it sets an angle tolerance range, so the steel cage does not need to be absolutely vertical at 90°. It only needs to be close to vertical, and the clamping rod 374 can slide into the contraction hole 375 along the flared bevel to complete the unlocking. This allows for slight tilting errors in the hoisting posture, reduces the accuracy requirements for the flipping posture control, and improves the fault tolerance of on-site construction.

[0040] A coaxial guide shaft extends from the center of the limiting block 371. A coaxial guide hole is opened on the inner end face of the rotating body 373. The guide shaft is inserted into the guide hole with a gap to radially limit the rotating body 373, ensuring coaxiality during rotation and preventing the rotating body 373 from being eccentrically offset, causing the clamping rod 374 to be subjected to uneven force and aggravated wear.

[0041] The core component of the gravity triggering unit is a connecting sleeve 376 with an eccentric center of gravity block. The flange of the connecting sleeve 376 is fixed to the outer end of the rotating body 373 extending from the connecting body 31. The center of gravity block is radially eccentrically arranged along the rotating body 373, forming a constant eccentric moment. During the hoisting posture conversion, the spatial angle of the steel cage changes, and the eccentric center of gravity block generates a deflection moment under the action of gravity, driving the connecting sleeve 376 to drive the rotating body 373 to rotate synchronously in the circumferential direction. The logical judgment rule is: only when the connecting sleeve 376 is parallel to the axis of the vertical bar of the steel cage (the cage body 10 is completely vertical), the contraction hole 375 is exactly aligned with the clamping rod 374, triggering the unlocking; at any other tilt angle, the clamping rod 374 always fits against the inner solid wall of the rotating body 373, and the lock remains locked. The bottom lifting device will not disengage prematurely during the entire flipping process, ensuring the structural safety during the posture conversion stage.

[0042] See attached document Figure 5 and Figure 6The guide plate 41 is hoisted and fixed below the connecting main frame 26 by multiple sets of adjustable bolt rods 43. The adjustable bolt rods 43 can freely adjust the horizontal installation position and ground height of the guide plate 41 to adapt to different diameter steel cages and different specifications of auxiliary steel rope F, greatly improving the equipment's versatility. The guide plate 41 is arranged outside the steel cage and does not interfere with the vertical movement of the cage 10. The outer periphery of the guide plate 41 is integrally formed with a centrally positioned groove. The groove entrance is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped guide slopes H on both sides, forming a guide structure for the auxiliary steel rope F to return to its position. During the process of the steel cage flipping from horizontal to vertical, the inclined auxiliary steel rope F smoothly slides into the central positioning groove along the arc-shaped slopes H. The lateral offset of the auxiliary steel rope F is corrected by the component force of the slope, forcing the two auxiliary steel ropes F to be centered and aligned, ensuring that the upper and lower ends of the steel cage are coaxial and perpendicular.

[0043] Inside the positioning groove, a pair of low-friction guide rollers 44 are rotated and assembled. The guide rollers 44 make contact with the outer wall of the auxiliary steel rope F, converting the sliding friction between the auxiliary steel rope F and the groove wall into rolling friction. This significantly reduces the wear of the auxiliary steel rope F due to reciprocating sliding, extends the service life of the auxiliary steel rope F, and reduces the moving resistance of the auxiliary steel rope F, ensuring that the auxiliary steel rope F returns to its position smoothly during the attitude change and lowering process.

[0044] See attached document Figure 5 and Figure 6 Two sets of elastic sliding sealing blocks 46 are symmetrically arranged inside the guide plate 41. The two sealing blocks 46 are respectively located on both sides of the opening of the positioning groove. Relying on the built-in elastic element, the opposite squeezing force is continuously applied. Under normal conditions, the end of the sealing block 46 extends into the groove opening, reducing the groove diameter and forming an anti-detachment limiting structure to prevent the auxiliary steel rope F from coming out from the inside of the groove during the hoisting swaying process and losing the guiding and restraining function.

[0045] The outer end of the sealing block 46 is machined with a symmetrical guide slope. When the auxiliary steel rope F moves upward and returns to its original position along with the connecting module, the auxiliary steel rope F presses down on the slope due to its own weight, pushing the two sealing blocks 46 to move to both sides, and the auxiliary steel rope F smoothly enters the groove. After the auxiliary steel rope F is fully returned to its original position, the elastic element pushes the sealing block 46 back to its original position to seal the groove, realizing unidirectional guide and bidirectional anti-detachment.

[0046] The clamping plate 42, acting as a braking actuator, is driven by a horizontally arranged electric push rod 45. The output end of the electric push rod 45 is rigidly connected to the clamping plate 42, and the extension and retraction direction of the electric push rod 45 is perpendicular to the center line of the two sealing blocks 46. When the system sensors detect abnormal conditions such as large swing of the rebar cage or excessive lowering acceleration, the electronic control system activates the electric push rod 45 to push the clamping plate 42 into the groove to feed the auxiliary steel rope F. This, in conjunction with the inner surfaces of the sealing blocks 46 on both sides, simultaneously clamps and presses the auxiliary steel rope F, relying on surface friction to lock the vertical slippage of the auxiliary steel rope F, restricting the continuous downward movement of the rebar cage, and quickly braking to eliminate the risk of instability.

[0047] See attached document Figure 3 and Figure 4Multiple clamping modules 27 are evenly arranged at equal angles along the circumference of the connecting main frame 26. All clamping modules 27 are linked to the Z-force-bearing end of the main steel rope through the top connecting rod transmission structure to achieve synchronous clamping at multiple work positions, using the self-weight of the steel cage as the clamping driving force. Existing traditional lifting tools only clamp the ring bars or vertical bars at a single point, and the self-weight of the steel cage is concentrated at the local steel bar welding joint. The concentrated lifting stress can easily cause deformation and tearing at the welded joints of the ring bars and vertical bars, causing local twisting and overall slippage of the cage 10. This device synchronously clamps the intersection of the ring bars and vertical bars at multiple points around the circumference, distributing the lifting load and balancing the force, thus avoiding the failure of the steel bar joints and the deformation and fall of the cage 10 from the root.

[0048] The single clamping module 27 consists of a support frame 271 and a clamping block 272 forming a composite clamping pair: the support frame 271 is arranged on the lower side of the circumferential reinforcement of the steel cage, providing vertical support bearing capacity and bearing most of the vertical self-weight of the steel cage; the clamping block 272 is horizontally slidably assembled on the upper surface of the support frame 271, and the horizontal feed compresses the intersection node of the circumferential reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement from the inside to the outside, forming a two-way composite clamping constraint in both the upper and lower and horizontal directions; the clamping block 272 has a composite elastic anti-slip layer on the compression contact surface to increase frictional resistance and prevent the steel reinforcement from slipping relative to the clamping surface during the hoisting process.

[0049] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that; See attached document Figures 2 to 4 The support frame 271 has a positioning slot D1 extending along its length at its front end, which, together with the limiting part D2, forms a positioning and calibration substructure. When the support frame 271 lifts the ring reinforcement upwards, the corresponding vertical reinforcement of the steel cage is embedded in the positioning slot D1, achieving precise positioning of a single reinforcement. When the support frame 271 is radially fed towards the axis of the connecting main frame 26, the limiting part D2 abuts against the side wall of the ring reinforcement from the outside, and multiple sets of support frames 271 synchronously retract radially, automatically correcting the center of the steel cage, so that the axis of the steel cage is completely aligned with the hoisting axis of the connecting main frame 26, eliminating the lateral bending moment and cage body 10 twisting caused by eccentric hoisting. The limiting part D2 and the clamping block 272 form a two-way clamping mechanism, clamping the intersection of the ring reinforcement and vertical reinforcement, improving the clamping stability.

[0050] All support frames 271 are slidably assembled along the radial slide gap of the connecting main frame 26, and are uniformly driven by the top connecting rod transmission mechanism to extend and retract radially, ensuring uniform circumferential clamping force.

[0051] Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that; See attached document Figures 2 to 4The main frame 26 is connected to an integrated welded cylindrical guide shell at its top. An axially sliding telescopic column 21 is mounted inside the shell. The top of the telescopic column 21 extends out of the shell and is fixed to the end of the main steel rope Z, serving as the power input component for the entire clamping module 27 mechanism. Multiple inclined hinge frames 22 are circumferentially hinged to the outer wall of the telescopic column 21. These hinge frames 22 extend downwards through axially elongated grooves in the cylindrical shell, and their lower ends are hinged to the support frames 271 of each clamping module 27, forming a crank-slider transmission mechanism. When the lifting equipment lifts and pulls the main steel rope Z, the telescopic column 21 moves upwards axially, pulling the multiple sets of hinge frames 22 to retract synchronously, causing all the support frames 271 to radially advance towards the axis of the main frame 26, completing multi-point synchronous clamping.

[0052] A spring assembly 25 is pre-installed between the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell and the bottom end of the telescopic column 21 to achieve the pre-clamping function during the flat-lying rebar cage loading stage: When the rebar cage is assembled flat, both the cylindrical shell and the telescopic column 21 are in a horizontal state. The weight of the telescopic column 21 does not act on the spring assembly 25. The elastic thrust of the spring assembly 25 pushes the telescopic column 21 to move axially. The hinge frame 22 drives the support frame 271 to slightly retract, forming a pre-clamping on the rebar cage and completing the temporary suspension positioning. No manual support is required, which improves the efficiency of the loading operation. The rated elastic force of the spring assembly 25 is less than the self-weight of the telescopic column 21, and it has an automatic unlocking logic: after the steel cage is lowered to the design elevation of the drilling, the main winch continues to unwind the main steel rope Z. The upward pulling force of the main steel rope Z on the telescopic column 21 completely disappears, and the telescopic column 21 is in a vertical state. The weight of the telescopic column 21 directly acts on the spring assembly 25. The telescopic column 21 relies on its own weight to overcome the elastic force of the spring assembly 25 and slides downward axially. The hinge frame 22 opens outward, and all the support frames 271 simultaneously move outward radially. The clamping module 27 automatically releases, and the main lifting mechanism 20 can be directly lifted to detach from the steel cage without manual unloading of the clamps.

[0053] Multiple independent transmission structures are arranged circumferentially on the top of the main frame 26, serving as a linkage and reversing mechanism between the support frame 271 and the clamping block 272. This transforms the radial inward feeding motion of the support frame 271 into a horizontal outward pressing motion of the clamping block 272, forming a bidirectional clamping action. Each transmission structure includes a vertical guide frame and a sliding hinge seat 23. The hinge seat 23's rotation axis fixes a pair of symmetrical inclined transmission frames 24, with one end of each frame hinged to the top surface of the support frame 271 and the driving end face of the clamping block 272, respectively. Transmission logic: When the support frame 271 moves radially towards the axis, it drives one side of the transmission frame 24 to perform a fan-shaped swing, pulling the hinge seat 23 vertically along the guide frame. Simultaneously, it drives the other side of the transmission frame 24 to perform a reverse fan-shaped swing, pushing the clamping block 272 horizontally outward, achieving bidirectional clamping linkage at the cross-node.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rebar cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure, characterized in that: Includes the main lifting mechanism (20) and the auxiliary lifting mechanism (30); The main hoisting mechanism (20) includes a connecting main frame (26) and several clamping modules (27) for fixing the end of the cage (10). The connecting main frame (26) is connected to the lifting end of the crane via the main steel rope Z. The auxiliary lifting mechanism (30) includes two sets of symmetrically arranged connecting modules, which are respectively connected to the lifting end of the crane via auxiliary steel rope F; The connection module includes a connection body (31), a clamp-type fixing structure, a self-trigger locking module (37), and a counterweight block (32) with a sensor group; the self-trigger locking module (37) includes a locking unit and a gravity triggering unit. The locking unit is used to lock the clamp-type fixing structure in the closed state to ensure the stability of the clamp on the vertical ribs of the cage (10); the gravity triggering unit controls the locking unit to unlock the clamp-type fixing structure after the cage (10) changes from horizontal to vertical. The connecting main frame (26) is provided with two sets of self-locking guides (40). The self-locking guides (40) include a guide plate (41) and a clamping plate (42). The guide plate (41) is used to guide the auxiliary steel rope F so that the upper and lower ends of the cage (10) after the attitude change remain vertical. The clamping plate (42) is used to lock the auxiliary steel rope F when the cage (10) is lowered abnormally or swings a lot, thus limiting the cage (10) from continuing to descend.

2. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp-type fixing structure includes two clamping blocks (33), both clamping blocks (33) have elastic anti-slip layers on their clamping surfaces, and the two clamping blocks (33) are hinged to one side of the connecting body (31); The locking unit includes a limiting block (371) that is slidably assembled inside the connecting body (31). The limiting block (371) has two sets of limiting protrusions T on its side. The limiting protrusions T pass through the opening of the connecting body (31) and abut against the hinge surface of the clamping block (33), preventing the clamping block (33) from flipping outward and opening.

3. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting body (31) is equipped with a push plate (34) on one side via an elastic telescopic rod; when the control limit protrusion T retracts and the clamping block (33) loses its lateral clamping constraint, the push plate (34) squeezes the clamping block (33) to make it fan-shaped and release the vertical rib from clamping. Multiple sets of compression springs (372) are fixed inside the connecting body (31). The compression springs (372) continuously apply outward elastic force to the limiting block (371), causing the limiting protrusion T to extend normally and lock the clamping block (33). After disengaging, the clamping block (33) automatically retracts.

4. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting body (31) is fixed with a ring track (35), and a rotating sleeve block (36) is rotatably assembled on the outer side of the ring track (35). The end of the auxiliary steel rope F is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating sleeve block (36). When the cage (10) deflects at an angle during the hoisting process, the rotating sleeve block (36) rotates accordingly. The counterweight (32) is fixed to the bottom end of the auxiliary steel rope F. After the clamp is unlocked, the auxiliary steel rope F is continuously straightened to ensure that the auxiliary steel rope F hangs vertically.

5. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking unit also includes a rotating body (373) and two abutting rods (374); the rotating body (373) is rotatably mounted on the other side of the connecting body (31) via bearings, with one end extending into the inner cavity of the connecting body (31); the two abutting rods (374) are fixed on the other side of the limiting block (371), and the ends of the abutting rods (374) are attached to the inner end face of the rotating body (373) via rolling balls; two sets of contraction holes (375) are opened on the inner end face of the rotating body (373). When the rotating body (373) rotates to the point where the contraction hole (375) aligns with the clamping rod (374), the end of the clamping rod (374) is inserted into the contraction hole (375), and the limiting block (371) retracts to unlock the clamping block (33); the inlet of the contraction hole (375) is a flared structure; The gravity triggering unit includes a connecting sleeve (376) with a center of gravity block. The connecting sleeve (376) is fixed to the outer end of the rotating body (373). The center of gravity block is arranged eccentrically along the radial direction of the rotating body (373). When the cage (10) changes its posture, the center of gravity block generates an eccentric torque to drive the rotating body (373) to rotate. The unlocking is triggered only when the connecting sleeve (376) is parallel to the vertical rib of the cage (10) and the cage (10) is vertical. All other tilt angles remain locked.

6. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (41) is assembled below the connecting main frame (26) by an adjustable bolt rod (43). The guide plate (41) is arranged on the outside of the cage (10). The guide plate (41) has a positioning groove in the middle and an arc-shaped inclined surface H is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning groove. When the cage (10) changes from horizontal to vertical, the auxiliary steel rope F slides into the positioning groove along the arc-shaped inclined surface H to complete the guiding and positioning.

7. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide plate (41) has two sealing blocks (46) symmetrically slidably assembled inside through elastic elements. Under normal conditions, the elastic elements push the sealing blocks (46) to block the opening of the positioning groove to prevent the auxiliary steel rope F from coming out. The sealing blocks (46) have an inlet ramp on the outside. When the auxiliary steel rope F returns to its position, it squeezes the ramp to push open the sealing blocks (46) and smoothly enters the groove. The clamping plate (42) is driven by the electric push rod (45) and assembled inside the positioning groove. The electric push rod (45) is aligned with the center line of the two sealing blocks (46). When the sensor detects that the cage (10) swings or falls abnormally, the electric push rod (45) pushes the clamping plate (42) to cooperate with the sealing block (46) to clamp and lock the auxiliary steel rope F, thus restricting the cage (10) from falling.

8. The integral hoisting device for a reinforcing cage based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several clamping modules (27) are evenly arranged around the main frame (26). The clamping modules (27) are linked to the Z-force end of the main steel rope through the linkage structure. Relying on the self-weight of the cage (10), all clamping modules (27) are driven to clamp the cross nodes of the ring ribs and vertical ribs of the cage (10) simultaneously, thus dispersing the hoisting stress. The clamping module (27) includes a support frame (271) and a clamping block (272); the support frame (271) is located below the ring reinforcement to achieve vertical support; the clamping block (272) is horizontally slidably assembled on the top surface of the support frame (271) and presses the junction of the ring reinforcement and the vertical reinforcement from the inside out.

9. A steel cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support frame (271) has a positioning slot D1 and a limiting part D2 extending along its length at one end; the vertical rib is embedded in the positioning slot D1 to achieve positioning; when the support frame (271) retracts towards the axis of the connecting main frame (26), the limiting part D2 abuts against the ring rib from the outside to correct the cage body (10) to be coaxial with the hoisting axis; the limiting part D2 and the abutting block (272) form a double clamping between the inside and outside; The support frame (271) is radially slidably assembled along the connecting main frame (26) and is driven by the linkage structure to synchronously extend and retract radially.

10. A steel cage hoisting device based on a positioning and guiding structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the connecting main frame (26) is fixed with a cylindrical shell; the connecting rod structure includes a telescopic column (21) and multiple sets of transmission structures; the telescopic column (21) is axially slidably assembled in the cylindrical shell, and the top of the column extends out of the shell and is fixed with the main steel rope Z; multiple hinge frames (22) are circumferentially hinged to the outer wall of the telescopic column (21), and the hinge frames (22) pass through the sliding groove of the cylindrical shell and are hinged to each set of support frames (271); pulling the main steel rope Z drives the telescopic column (21) to move upward, and the hinge frames (22) pull the support frames (271) to retract and clamp towards the axis; A spring assembly (25) is installed between the bottom of the cylindrical shell and the bottom of the telescopic column (21). The elastic force of the spring assembly (25) is less than the weight of the telescopic column (21). The transmission structure includes a hinge seat (23) that is vertically slidably mounted on the connecting main frame (26). The hinge seat (23) has two symmetrically inclined transmission frames (24) fixed on its rotating shaft. The two transmission frames (24) are respectively hinged to the support frame (271) and the abutment block (272).

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