A high-purity zinc oxide production device for ceramics and a production method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a high-purity zinc oxide production device for ceramics, which comprises an evaporation furnace, an oxidation furnace, a first dust collector and a second dust collector. The evaporation furnace is provided with a reaction bin at the top, a partition plate is arranged between the reaction bin and the evaporation furnace, the reaction bin is connected with the oxidation furnace through a pipe, a heater is arranged on one side of the oxidation furnace, an upper connecting port is arranged above the reaction bin, a middle conveying pipe is arranged at the top of the first dust collector, the other end of the middle conveying pipe is connected with the second dust collector, a lower connecting port is arranged on one side of the first dust collector, a cooling part is arranged between the upper connecting port and the lower connecting port. The second dust collector is provided with a collecting hopper at the bottom, the bottom of the collecting hopper is provided with a sealed discharge part, a top cover is arranged at the top end of the second dust collector, a scraping device is arranged on the top cover and extends into the collecting hopper, and the scraping device is used for scraping the powder attached to the inner wall of the collecting hopper and discharging the powder to the sealed discharge part. The cooling part can efficiently cool, the scraping device cooperates with the sealed discharge part, external air pollution to the product is prevented, and the purity of the zinc oxide and the production continuity are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of zinc oxide production components, and more specifically to a high-purity zinc oxide production apparatus and method for ceramics. Background Technology

[0002] High-purity zinc oxide for ceramics is a key raw material for the preparation of electronic ceramics, varistors, ceramic glazes, and special functional ceramics. Its purity, whiteness, particle size distribution, and activity directly affect the electrical properties and appearance quality of ceramic products. In current processes for preparing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics, indirect or wet precipitation methods are commonly used. However, in the indirect method, cooling is required during the high-temperature gasification of zinc ingots and the generation of particles. The cooling section is typically extended using simple flanged pipe connections. Although some units are equipped with dedicated cooling equipment to reduce the system temperature, their cooling efficiency is limited. Specifically, the cooling device is connected to the flue gas outlet of the upstream oxidation chamber and the inlet of the downstream cyclone separator via flanges. Under long-term high-temperature alternating operating conditions, oxygen in the high-temperature environment easily comes into contact with unreacted trace amounts of zinc vapor or high-temperature zinc oxide fine powder, inducing a localized exothermic oxidation reaction. If the incompletely cooled zinc gas enters subsequent processes, it will damage the quality of the final zinc oxide product. When the dust-laden flue gas is cooled and enters the final collection stage, the discharge port at the bottom becomes the weakest link in the entire production line with the highest risk of external air intrusion during the discharge process. External air may flow back into the ash hopper through the channel along the blade tip gap or at the moment the valve plate opens, introducing a large amount of oxygen and water vapor. After these foreign gases come into contact with the collected high-purity zinc oxide fine powder, the product purity cannot meet the requirements for ceramic-grade applications.

[0003] To address these issues, a production apparatus and method for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology in the preparation process, such as poor cooling effect of the cooling device and failure to meet the requirements of product purity, the present invention provides a production device and production method for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: A production apparatus for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics includes an evaporator, an oxidation furnace, a primary dust collector, and a secondary dust collector. The evaporator has a cavity inside, and a reaction chamber is provided at the top of the evaporator. A feeding hopper is provided at the top of the reaction chamber. A partition is provided between the reaction chamber and the evaporator. Several heat beam tubes are provided at the bottom of the partition. A through pipe is provided on one side of the reaction chamber, and the other end of the through pipe leads into the oxidation furnace. A heater is provided on one side of the oxidation furnace, and an upper connection port is provided on the upper side of the reaction chamber. The primary dust collector has a central conveying pipe at the top center and a collection hopper at the bottom. The other end of the central conveying pipe is connected to one side of the secondary dust collector. The primary dust collector has a lower connection port on one side and a cooling component is installed between the upper connection port and the lower connection port. The secondary dust collector has a collection hopper at the bottom, and a sealing discharge component is installed at the bottom of the collection hopper. The secondary dust collector has an internal partition plate, on which several separation bags are installed. The top of the secondary dust collector has a top cover, on which a scraping device is installed. The scraping device extends into the inside of the collection hopper and can scrape the zinc oxide powder adhering to the inner wall of the collection hopper to the sealing discharge component for discharge.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling component includes a cooling clamp tube, which is extended and inclined. One end of the cooling clamp tube is flanged and connected to an upper connection port, and the other end of the cooling clamp tube is flanged and connected to a lower connection port. A first cooling box and a second cooling box are respectively arranged on both sides inside the cooling clamp tube. The top and bottom of the first cooling box and the second cooling box are provided with connecting brackets fixed to the inner wall of the cooling clamp tube. The upper end of the first cooling box and the second cooling box are both provided with liquid inlets, and the lower end of the second cooling box is provided with liquid outlets. A connecting pipe is provided between the first cooling box and the second cooling box to communicate with each other, and heat dissipation fins are provided on the connecting pipe.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer sides of the first cooling tank and the second cooling tank are provided with a plurality of side scales, and the plurality of side scales are connected by a connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is provided with an inlet pump, and the other end of the connecting pipe is provided with an outlet pump. The end of the connecting pipe extends to the outlet and is connected to discharge together.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing discharge component includes a connecting pipe and a discharge pipe, the connecting pipe flange is connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper, the discharge pipe flange is connected to the end of the connecting pipe, and a sealing valve is connected to the bottom flange of the discharge pipe. The connecting pipe has a built-in first sealing flipping mechanism, which includes a first motor. The first motor is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe has a built-in first sealing plate. The output end of the first motor is provided with a first rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft passes through the connecting pipe and extends to connect the connecting pipe with the first sealing plate. The connecting pipe has a built-in second sealing flipping mechanism, which includes a second motor. The second motor is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe. The connecting pipe has a built-in second sealing plate. The output end of the second motor is provided with a second rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft passes through the connecting pipe and extends to connect the connecting pipe with the second sealing plate. Both the first and second sealing plates are fitted with sealing sleeves on their outer periphery.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scraping device includes a drive motor and a scraper arm. The drive motor is fixed to the top cover, and a main shaft is provided at the output end of the drive motor. The main shaft passes through the secondary dust collector and the air gap plate and extends into the inside of the collection hopper. A scraper rod is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the main shaft. The end of the scraper rod is connected to the scraper arm, and the scraper arm rotates synchronously with the arc of the inner wall of the collection hopper.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a thickened plate is provided at the top of the oxidation furnace, and a striking component is provided on the thickened plate. The striking component periodically strikes the thickened plate. The striking component includes a stand and a cylinder. The stand is fixed to the top of the thickened plate, and the cylinder is installed on the stand in a vertical position. An extension rod is provided at the output end of the cylinder, and a striking head is provided at the end of the extension rod.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the secondary dust collector into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A discharge pipe is provided on one side wall of the secondary dust collector, which is connected to the upper cavity. An exhaust fan is installed on the discharge pipe. An air storage pump is installed on the side wall of the secondary dust collector. A spray pipe is provided at the output end of the air storage pump. One end of the spray pipe extends into the upper cavity. Several nozzles are evenly distributed on the spray pipe, and the nozzles are inclined towards the separating filter bag.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the feeding hopper is hinged with a feeding chamber door, and the bottom of the evaporator is provided with a horizontally movable waste chamber; the side wall of the oxidation furnace includes an outer furnace layer and an inner furnace layer, the outer furnace layer is located outside the inner furnace layer, and an annular sandwich is formed between the outer furnace layer and the inner furnace layer. The side wall of the collection hopper consists of an inner layer and an outer layer, with an annular interlayer formed between the inner and outer layers; The secondary dust collector has a side door hinged to its side wall, and an observation window is provided on the front of the secondary dust collector.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a production apparatus and method for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics includes the following steps: S1. Zinc Vapor Preparation and Oxidation: Zinc ingots are added to the reaction chamber via a hopper. Due to gravity, the ingots fall above the partition. An evaporator heats the ingots, and a heat pipe dissipates the heat, causing the zinc ingots to melt and vaporize, producing zinc vapor. The zinc vapor enters the oxidation furnace through a pipe, where it undergoes a gas-phase oxidation reaction with air at the reaction temperature maintained by the heater, generating zinc oxide particles and forming dust-laden high-temperature flue gas. During oxidation, the cylinder of the striking component drives the extension rod to reciprocate, causing the striking head to periodically strike the thickened plate at the top of the oxidation furnace, preventing zinc oxide from sintering and adhering to the wall surface. S2. Cooling and Primary Separation: The dust-laden high-temperature flue gas enters the cooling jacket through the upper connection port. It is cooled by the combined action of circulating cooling media in the first and second cooling boxes, and then enters the primary collection tank through the lower connection port. The dust collector performs centrifugal separation, with coarser particles falling into the collection hopper and being discharged, while the flue gas containing fine powder enters the secondary dust collector through the intermediate conveying pipe; S3, Secondary Filtration and Cleaning: After the flue gas enters the secondary dust collector, the fine powder is intercepted by the separating filter bags to form a powder cake layer, and the purified gas is discharged through the discharge pipe; Compressed gas in the storage pump is pulsed into the filter bags through the spray pipe and nozzle, causing the filter bags to expand and shake instantly, and the powder cake layer falls off and into the collection hopper; S4, Scraping and Sealing Discharge: The drive motor drives the main shaft to rotate, which drives the scraper and scraper arm to rotate along the inner wall of the collection hopper, scraping the powder attached to the inner wall to the bottom; The first and second sealing plates in the sealing discharge component open and close alternately, discharging the powder intermittently, and at least one sealing plate is always kept closed during the discharge process to prevent external air from entering.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the striking frequency of the striking component is once every 5 to 15 minutes, and each strike lasts for 1 to 3 seconds; in step S3, the gas source stored in the gas storage pump is dry nitrogen, the pulse time is 0.1 to 0.3 seconds, and the pulse interval is 30 to 120 seconds; in step S4, the alternating opening and closing of the first sealing plate and the second sealing plate is controlled by a time relay, the second sealing plate is closed when the first sealing plate is opened, and the second sealing plate is opened again after the first sealing plate is closed, and the opening times of the two are staggered by at least 10 seconds.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: 1. This solution employs an inclined cooling clamp with a first and second cooling chamber inside, forming a dual-cooling-cavity structure. Side fins are provided on the outer side of the cooling chambers, and the chambers are connected by connecting pipes and heat sinks. The cooling medium circulates through multiple paths, significantly increasing the heat exchange area. Compared to existing technologies that only extend pipes via flange connections and have a single cooling path, this invention significantly improves cooling efficiency.

[0016] 2. This solution involves installing a thickened plate and a striking component at the top of the oxidation furnace. A cylinder drives the striking head to periodically strike the thickened plate, transmitting the vibration to the inner wall of the oxidation furnace and causing the semi-sintered deposited layer to detach. Compared to existing technologies that require periodic furnace shutdowns for manual cleaning of the scab layer, this invention enables online wall cleaning without stopping the furnace, reducing the frequency of shutdowns and improving production continuity.

[0017] 3. This solution incorporates a rotating scraping device within the collection hopper. A drive motor, via a main shaft, rotates the scraper and scraper arm along the arc of the inner wall of the collection hopper, actively scraping the adhering powder off to the bottom discharge port. Compared to existing technologies where high-purity zinc oxide fine powder easily forms bridging on the inner wall of the ash hopper due to electrostatic adsorption or micro-agglomeration, requiring manual shutdown for cleaning, this invention achieves continuous wall cleaning without stopping the machine, effectively avoiding bridging and clogging problems and increasing the continuous operating time of the equipment.

[0018] 4. This solution adopts a double-sealing plate alternating opening and closing structure. The first and second sealing plates are driven by independent motors and have sealing sleeves on their outer periphery. During the discharge process, at least one sealing plate is always kept closed. Compared with the defects of existing single-stage rotary valves or ordinary flap valves, which are prone to backflow of external air into the ash hopper under negative pressure conditions, this invention structurally cuts off the path of external air backflow along the discharge channel, ensuring the stability of the low-oxygen, low-humidity atmosphere in the ash hopper and avoiding problems such as zinc oxide absorbing moisture and clumping, decreased whiteness, and reduced purity.

[0019] 5. This solution uses a gas pump to store dry nitrogen as the cleaning gas source, which is then pulsed through nozzles and spray pipes into the separator bag to remove the powder cake layer. Compared to existing technologies that use compressed air as the cleaning gas source, which are prone to powder moisture absorption, agglomeration, or hydrocarbon contamination due to trace amounts of moisture and oil mist in compressed air, this solution ensures the purity and whiteness of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view structural diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a plan view showing the connection and assembly of the evaporator, oxidation furnace, primary dust collector, and secondary dust collector of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a plan sectional view of the evaporator, oxidation furnace, primary dust collector, and secondary dust collector of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an assembly structure diagram of the oxidation furnace of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the oxidation furnace and cooling jacket of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the first cooling box and the second cooling box of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram showing the connection relationship between the connecting pipe and the transmission pipe of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an assembly structure diagram of the primary dust collector of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a planar sectional view of the secondary dust collector of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the components of the secondary dust collector of this invention; In the diagram: 1. Evaporator; 10. Through pipe; 100. Reaction chamber; 11. Side chamber door; 12. Heat beam tube; 13. Waste bin; 14. Feed hopper; 141. Feed bin door; 15. Baffle plate; 2. Oxidation furnace; 20. Outer furnace layer; 200. Inner furnace layer; 21. Heater; 22. Upper connection port; 3. Cooling clamp; 31. First cooling box; 32. Second cooling box; 33. Connecting frame; 34. Liquid inlet; 35. Liquid outlet; 36. Heat sink; 361. Connecting pipe; 37. Side fins; 371. Transmission pipe; 3711. Conveying pump; 38. Liquid inlet pump; 39. Liquid outlet pump; 4. Primary dust collector; 41. Lower connection port; 42. Middle transmission pipe; 43. Collection hopper; 5. Vertical frame; 5 0. Thickened plate; 51. Cylinder; 52. Extension rod; 53. Striking head; 6. Secondary dust collector; 60. Isolation plate; 600. Separating bag; 61. Top cover; 611. Drive motor; 6111. Main shaft; 6112. Sealed bearing; 62. Collection hopper; 621. Inner layer; 622. Outer layer; 63. Connecting pipe; 631. First motor; 632. First rotating shaft; 633. First sealing plate; 64. Discharge pipe; 641. Second motor; 642. Second rotating shaft; 643. Second sealing plate; 65. Sealing valve; 66. Discharge fan; 67. Sealing sleeve; 7. Air storage pump; 71. Spray pipe; 72. Nozzle; 8. Scraper bar; 81. Scraper arm; 9. Observation window; 91. Side door. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example: Please see Figures 1-11 A production apparatus for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics includes an evaporator 1, an oxidation furnace 2, a primary dust collector 4, and a secondary dust collector 6, as detailed in the following document. Figure 1 Figure 2 as well as Figure 4Evaporator 1, Oxidation Furnace 2, Primary Dust Collector 4, and Secondary Dust Collector 6 are located on the same horizontal line. Support frames can be installed at the bottom of these components to ensure uniform height. Evaporator 1 has a hollow cavity, which facilitates combustion. A reaction chamber 100 is located at the top of Evaporator 1, used for the initial heating and vaporization of zinc ingots. A feeding hopper 14 is located at the top of the reaction chamber 100 for operator access. Zinc ingots are fed into the furnace. The top of the feeding hopper 14 is hinged with a feeding chamber door 141. When feeding, the door is opened to feed the zinc ingots. During combustion, the feeding chamber door 141 needs to be closed. A side chamber door 11 is hinged to the bottom of the evaporator 1. After the side chamber door 11 is opened, the combustion material can be added directly to it. The side chamber door 11 is connected to the cavity. A horizontally movable waste bin 13 is provided at the bottom of the evaporator 1. The waste bin 13 is fitted into the bottom of the evaporator 1 through a slide rail, which facilitates the periodic cleaning of residue. Specific reference Figure 10 A partition 15 is provided between the reaction chamber 100 and the evaporator 1, dividing the interior of the evaporator 1 into upper and lower chambers. The upper chamber is the reaction zone, and the lower chamber is the combustion zone. The combustion material is burned in the lower chamber. Several heat beam tubes 12 are provided at the bottom of the partition 15. During the combustion process in the combustion zone, the heat beam tubes 12 efficiently conduct heat energy to the reaction zone, promoting the full gasification of zinc ingots. The combustion waste falls into the waste bin 13. A through pipe 10 is provided on one side of the reaction chamber 100, and the other end of the through pipe 10 leads into the oxidation furnace 2. A heater 21 is provided on one side of the oxidation furnace 2. The heater 21 is used to maintain the reaction temperature in the oxidation furnace 2, ensuring that the zinc vapor entering the oxidation furnace 2 undergoes a full gas-phase oxidation reaction with the air in the furnace to generate zinc oxide particles and form dust-containing high-temperature flue gas. An upper connection port 22 is provided on the upper side of the reaction chamber 100. Specific reference Figure 4 and Figure 9 The primary dust collector 4 employs a cyclone separation structure, with a central conveying pipe 42 at the top center and a collection hopper 43 at the bottom. Its interior consists of a smooth swirling cavity formed by cylindrical and conical sections, and a tangential lower connection port 41 on the side wall. High-temperature dust-laden flue gas from the oxidizer 2, after being cooled by cooling components, enters the primary dust collector 4 tangentially through the lower connection port 41, forming a high-speed rotating swirling field within the cylindrical and conical sections. Under centrifugal force, heavier zinc oxide particles in the flue gas are thrown to the inner wall, sliding down the conical surface to the bottom collection hopper 43 for discharge, achieving pre-separation of coarse particles. Flue gas containing fine powder forms an upward internal swirling flow in the center, entering the secondary dust collector 6 for fine filtration via the central conveying pipe 42 at the top center. This cyclone collection device, as a primary gas-solid separation unit, effectively removes coarse particles from the flue gas, reduces the filtration load on the downstream filter bags, and prevents erosion and wear of the filter bags by coarse particles. The secondary dust collector 6, together with the cooling components and the primary dust collector 4, constitutes a highly efficient linkage system covering the entire process from cooling, coarse separation to fine collection.

[0023] In this embodiment, specific reference is made. Figure 10 The secondary dust collector 6 has a collection hopper 62 at its bottom, and a sealed discharge component is installed at the bottom of the collection hopper 62 to discharge the collected zinc oxide powder from the system in a sealed state, preventing external air from backflowing and contaminating the product. The secondary dust collector 6 has an internal partition plate 60 that divides the inner cavity of the secondary dust collector 6 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. Several separating filter bags 600 are installed on the partition plate 60. The separating filter bags 600 are used to finely filter the flue gas containing fine powder entering the secondary dust collector 6. The fine powder is intercepted on the outer surface of the filter bags to form a powder cake layer. The purified gas passes through the filter bags into the upper cavity and is then extracted and discharged by the exhaust fan 66 through the discharge pipe. The secondary dust collector 6 has a top cover 61, on which a scraping device is installed. The main shaft 6111 of the scraping device passes through the top cover 61 and the partition plate 60 and extends into the collection hopper 62. A scraper rod 8 is provided at the lower end of the main shaft 6111, and a scraper arm 81 is connected to the end of the scraper rod 8. The scraper arm 81 is set to conform to the curvature of the inner wall of the collection hopper 62. During operation, the drive motor 611 drives the main shaft 6111 to rotate, which drives the scraper rod 8 and the scraper arm 81 to rotate synchronously along the inner wall of the collection hopper 62, continuously scraping the zinc oxide powder adhering to the inner wall of the collection hopper 62 to be discharged at the bottom sealed discharge component.

[0024] The scraping device works in conjunction with the sealing and discharge components: the scraping device is responsible for actively removing the powder adhering to the inner wall, preventing the powder from adsorbing onto the side wall or forming small clumps that can bridge and cause poor unloading.

[0025] In this embodiment, specific reference is made. Figure 10 and Figure 11 The bottom of the collection hopper 62 is equipped with a sealing discharge component, which includes an independent connecting pipe 361 and a discharge pipe 64. The connecting pipe 361 is flanged and connected to the bottom of the collection hopper 62, and the discharge pipe 64 is flanged and connected to the end of the connecting pipe 361. The bottom flange of the discharge pipe 64 is connected to a sealing valve 65, which is the final discharge valve. When the sealing valve 65 is opened, the zinc oxide powder falls stably into the downstream packaging or conveying system under the action of gravity. When the sealing valve 65 is closed, the connecting pipe 361 and the discharge pipe 64 form a sealed cavity, effectively preventing the entry of external air.

[0026] In this embodiment, a first sealing flipping mechanism and a second sealing flipping mechanism are sequentially arranged axially inside the connecting pipe 361. The first sealing flipping mechanism includes a first motor 631, which is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 361. Its output end is provided with a first rotating shaft 632, which penetrates the side wall of the connecting pipe 361 and extends into the interior, connecting with a first sealing plate 633 disposed inside the connecting pipe 361. The first motor 631 drives the first rotating shaft 632 to rotate, thereby causing the first sealing plate 633 to rotate to achieve the effect of opening or closing. The second sealing flipping mechanism includes a second motor 641, which is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe 361. Its output end is provided with a second rotating shaft 642, which penetrates the side wall of the connecting pipe 361 and extends into the interior, connecting with a second sealing plate 643 disposed inside the connecting pipe 361. The second motor 641 drives the second rotating shaft 642 to rotate, thereby causing the second sealing plate 643 to rotate to achieve the effect of opening or closing. Both the first sealing plate 633 and the second sealing plate 643 are provided with sealing sleeves 67 on their outer periphery. The sealing sleeves 67 are made of rubber to avoid scratching the pipe. The sealing sleeves 67 fit the inner diameter of the corresponding pipe and form a reliable soft seal when the sealing plate is in the closed state, ensuring that gas and powder cannot leak from the gap between the sealing plate and the pipe wall, thereby ensuring that the purity of the material is not affected by the external environment.

[0027] During operation, the first sealing plate 633 and the second sealing plate 643 open and close alternately under the control of a time relay: when the first sealing plate 633 is open, the second sealing plate 643 remains closed, and the zinc oxide powder in the collection hopper 62 falls into the temporary storage space between the first sealing plate 633 and the second sealing plate 643; after the first sealing plate 633 closes, the second sealing plate 643 opens again, and the powder in the temporary storage space is finally discharged from the sealing valve 65. The sealing valve 65 is only opened when material needs to be loaded, and is normally closed at other times. Throughout the entire discharge process, at least one sealing plate is always kept closed, which structurally cuts off the path for external air to flow back into the collection hopper 62 along the unloading channel, ensuring the stability of the low-oxygen and low-humidity atmosphere in the collection hopper 62, and preventing the zinc oxide powder from absorbing moisture and clumping, resulting in a decrease in whiteness or purity due to contact with moisture and oxygen in the external air. The sealed discharge component works in conjunction with the scraping device installed on the top cover 61: the scraping device continuously scrapes the powder adhering to the inner wall of the collection hopper 62 to the bottom, while the sealed discharge component intermittently discharges the scraped powder in a sealed state. Together, they solve the two major problems of fine powder bridging and blockage and external air pollution. Together with the front-end cooling component, the primary dust collector 4 and the pulse cleaning system, they form a highly efficient and pollution-proof production system that covers the entire process from cooling, coarse separation, fine filtration to sealed discharge.

[0028] This embodiment describes how the cooling device cools the zinc gas using the cooling clamp 3. The cooling component includes the cooling clamp 3, as detailed below. Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8 The cooling clamp 3 is inclined and extended, with one end connected to the upper connection port 22 on the side above the reaction chamber 100 via a flange, and the other end connected to the lower connection port 41 on the side of the primary dust collector 4 via a flange. The cooling clamp 3 guides the high-temperature zinc vapor in the oxidation furnace 2 to the primary dust collector 4. A first cooling box 31 and a second cooling box 32 are respectively provided on both sides inside the cooling clamp 3. The top and bottom ends of the first cooling box 31 and the second cooling box 32 are fixed to the inner wall of the cooling clamp 3 by a connecting frame 33. The connecting frame 33 is preferably bolted for easy disassembly and maintenance. The upper end of the first cooling box 31 and the second cooling box 32 are provided with liquid inlets 34 for injecting cooling medium into the cooling box; the lower end of the second cooling box 32 is provided with a liquid outlet 35. The first cooling box 31 and the second cooling box 32 are connected by a connecting pipe 361. Heat sinks 36 are provided on 61 to assist in heat dissipation and improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling medium. The above scheme is the first circulating cooling circuit of this design. The cooling medium enters from the liquid inlet 34 of the first cooling tank 31 and the second cooling tank 32. Driven by the delivery pump 3711, it circulates between the two tanks through the connecting pipe 361 and continuously dissipates heat through the heat sinks 36 to ensure that the cooling medium always maintains a low temperature. When the high temperature zinc vapor flows through the cooling clamp tube 3, it comes into contact with the surface of the low temperature cooling tank, quickly completes heat exchange and condenses into solid zinc oxide powder, which slides down the inner wall of the clamp tube to the first-stage dust collector 4. Then, the liquid outlet 35 is used to discharge the heated cooling medium.

[0029] Furthermore, the second circulating cooling circuit of the cooling device of the present invention is introduced. The second circuit can be selectively activated according to actual operational needs. Both the outer sides of the first cooling tank 31 and the second cooling tank 32 are provided with a plurality of side scales 37, as detailed in the following figure. Figure 6 and Figure 8 Several side scales 37 are connected by a connecting pipe 371. One end of the connecting pipe 371 is equipped with an inlet pump 38, and the other end is equipped with an outlet pump 39. The end of the connecting pipe 371 extends to and is connected to the outlet 35. A delivery pump 3711 is also installed on the delivery pipe to drive the cooling medium to circulate and discharge the heated cooling medium. When the second circuit is open, the cooling medium is pressurized by the inlet pump 38 and flows along the connecting pipe 371 across the surface of the side scales 37 for secondary heat dissipation. If the second circuit is closed, the cooling medium is naturally cooled by the side scales 37.

[0030] When this cooling component is in operation, the high-temperature dust-laden flue gas from the oxidation furnace 2 enters the inclined cooling jacket 3 through the upper connection port 22. It flows along the internal channel of the cooling jacket 3, exchanging heat with the circulating cooling medium in the first cooling box 31 and the second cooling box 32. Simultaneously, the side fins 37 and heat sinks 36 assist in heat dissipation, effectively controlling the flue gas temperature before it enters the primary dust collector 4. This prevents overheating of the filter bags or localized oxidation heat release due to insufficient cooling. The inclined cooling jacket 3 facilitates smooth flow of the flue gas under the influence of gravity and airflow, reducing dust deposition on the pipe wall.

[0031] In this embodiment, a thickened plate 50 is provided at the top of the oxidation furnace 2. This thickened plate 50 is used to enhance the structural strength of the top of the oxidation furnace 2 and serves as an interface for transmitting the striking force. A striking component is provided on the thickened plate 50 to periodically strike the thickened plate 50, transmitting the vibration to the inner wall of the oxidation furnace 2 and preventing zinc oxide particles from sintering and adhering to the high-temperature wall surface. The striking component includes a stand 5 and a cylinder 51. The stand 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the thickened plate 50, providing a stable support base for the cylinder 51. The cylinder 51 is mounted on the stand 5 and is vertically arranged so that the striking direction is perpendicular to the surface of the thickened plate 50, ensuring efficient transmission of the striking force. An extension rod 52 is provided at the output end of the cylinder 51, and a striking head 53 is fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod 52. During operation, cylinder 51 drives extension rod 52 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, which in turn drives striking head 53 to periodically strike thickened plate 50. The impact vibration generated by the striking is transmitted to the inner wall of oxidation furnace 2 through thickened plate 50, causing micro-cracks to appear in the semi-sintered zinc oxide adhesion layer on the inner wall and causing it to detach, thereby avoiding the continuous accumulation of scab layer.

[0032] In this embodiment, specific reference is made. Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The partition plate 60 divides the inner cavity of the secondary dust collector 6 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is the clean air chamber, and the lower cavity is the filter chamber. The lower cavity is larger than the upper cavity. A discharge pipe is installed on one side wall of the secondary dust collector 6, which is connected to the upper cavity. An exhaust fan 66 is installed on the discharge pipe to extract and discharge the purified gas from the secondary dust collector 6. An air storage pump 7 is installed on the side wall of the secondary dust collector 6 to store high-pressure pulse cleaning gas. The gas storage pump 7 stores dry nitrogen as the cleaning gas source. Compared with the existing technology that uses compressed air as the cleaning gas source, the trace amount of water vapor and oil mist contained in compressed air can easily cause the powder to absorb moisture, agglomerate, or introduce hydrocarbon contamination. This ensures the purity and whiteness of the product. The output end of the gas storage pump 7 is equipped with a nozzle 71. One end of the nozzle 71 extends into the upper cavity. Several nozzles 72 are evenly distributed along the length of the nozzle 71. The outlet of each nozzle 72 is inclined towards the separation bag 600, so that the pulsed airflow can be accurately injected into the interior of the separation bag 600.

[0033] During operation, flue gas containing fine powder enters the secondary dust collector 6 from the lower chamber. The fine powder is intercepted by the separating filter bag 600 and forms a powder cake layer on the outer surface of the bag. The purified gas passes through the filter bag into the upper chamber and is discharged by the exhaust fan 66 through the discharge pipe. As filtration proceeds, the powder cake layer on the outer surface of the filter bag gradually thickens, causing the filtration resistance to increase. At this time, the high-pressure gas stored in the air storage pump 7 is injected into the separating filter bag 600 through the nozzle 71 and the spray pipe 72, causing the filter bag to expand instantaneously and vibrate at high frequency. The powder cake layer on the outer surface of the filter bag peels off due to instability and falls into the collection hopper 62 below.

[0034] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the oxidation furnace 2 includes an outer furnace layer 20 and an inner furnace layer 200. The outer furnace layer 20 is located outside the inner furnace layer 200, and an annular interlayer is formed between the two. This annular interlayer can effectively reduce the heat loss from the furnace and maintain the stability of the reaction temperature inside the oxidation furnace 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the collection hopper 62 also includes an inner layer 621 and an outer layer 622, forming an annular sandwich layer. This annular sandwich layer serves as insulation, maintaining the inner wall temperature of the collection hopper 62 at a relatively high level. This prevents the zinc oxide powder from absorbing moisture and clumping or adhering to the inner wall due to excessively low wall temperature, ensuring the powder's flowability and the product's purity. Furthermore, the secondary dust collector 6 has a side door 91 hinged to its sidewall, facilitating inspection and maintenance of the secondary dust collector 6 by operators. An observation window 9 is provided on the front of the secondary dust collector 6 for real-time observation of the internal filter bag's operating status and cleaning effect, allowing for timely detection and handling of any abnormalities.

[0036] A production apparatus and method for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics includes the following steps: S1. Zinc vapor preparation and oxidation: Zinc ingots are added to the reaction chamber 100 through the feeding hopper 14. The zinc ingots fall above the partition 15 due to gravity. The evaporation furnace 1 is heated, and the heat beam tube 12 dissipates the heat, causing the zinc ingots to melt and vaporize to produce zinc vapor. The zinc vapor enters the oxidation furnace 2 through the pipe 10. At the reaction temperature maintained by the heater 21, it undergoes a gas-phase oxidation reaction with the air to generate zinc oxide particles, forming dust-containing high-temperature flue gas. During the oxidation process, the cylinder 51 of the striking component drives the extension rod 52 to reciprocate, causing the striking head 53 to periodically strike the thickened plate 50 at the top of the oxidation furnace 2 to prevent zinc oxide from sintering and adhering to the wall surface. S2, Cooling and Primary Separation: Dust-laden high-temperature flue gas enters the cooling clamp 3 through the upper connection port 22. The temperature is reduced by the combined action of the circulating cooling medium in the first cooling box 31 and the second cooling box 32. Then, it enters the primary dust collector 4 through the lower connection port 41 for centrifugal separation. The coarser particles fall into the collection hopper 43 and are discharged. The flue gas containing fine powder enters the secondary dust collector 6 through the middle conveying pipe 42. S3, Secondary Filtration and Dust Removal: After the flue gas enters the secondary dust collector 6, the fine powder is intercepted by the separation bag 600 to form a powder cake layer, and the purified gas is discharged through the discharge pipe; the compressed gas in the storage pump 7 is pulsed into the bag through the spray pipe 71 and the nozzle 72, causing the bag to expand and shake instantly, and the powder cake layer falls off and falls into the collection hopper 62. S4. Scraping and Sealing Discharge: The drive motor 611 drives the main shaft 6111 to rotate, which in turn drives the scraper 8 and scraper arm 81 to rotate along the inner wall of the collection hopper 62, scraping the powder attached to the inner wall to the bottom; the first sealing plate 633 and the second sealing plate 643 in the sealing discharge component open and close alternately to discharge the powder intermittently. During the discharge process, at least one sealing plate is always kept closed to prevent external air from entering.

[0037] In this embodiment, in step S1, the striking frequency of the striking component is recommended to be controlled once every 5 to 15 minutes, with each strike lasting 1 to 3 seconds. This frequency ensures that the attached layer on the inner wall of the oxidation furnace 2 is shaken off in time, without causing unnecessary impact fatigue to the equipment structure due to excessively frequent striking.

[0038] In step S3, the gas source stored in the air storage pump 7 is dry nitrogen, rather than conventional compressed air, to avoid secondary contamination of the high-purity zinc oxide by moisture and oil mist. The pulse time is controlled between 0.1 and 0.3 seconds, which is sufficient to cause effective expansion and shaking of the filter bag, causing the powder cake layer to peel off, while preventing excessive stretching of the filter bag due to excessively long pulses. The pulse interval is set between 30 and 120 seconds, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the accumulation rate of powder cake on the filter bag surface during actual operation.

[0039] In step S4, the first sealing plate 633 and the second sealing plate 643 are alternately opened and closed by a time relay, with their opening times staggered by at least 10 seconds. That is, when the first sealing plate 633 is open, the second sealing plate 643 remains closed, and the second sealing plate 643 opens only after the first sealing plate 633 has closed. In this way, at least one sealing plate is in the closed state at any given time, cutting off the path of external air backflow in time, and also allowing sufficient flow time for the powder to fall from the upper plate into the temporary storage chamber and then be discharged from the temporary storage chamber through the lower plate, thus avoiding material jamming.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production apparatus for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics, comprising an evaporation furnace (1), an oxidation furnace (2), a primary dust collector (4), and a secondary dust collector (6), characterized in that: The evaporator (1) is a cavity. A reaction chamber (100) is provided at the top of the evaporator (1). A feeding hopper (14) is provided at the top of the reaction chamber (100). A partition (15) is provided between the reaction chamber (100) and the evaporator (1). Several heat beam tubes (12) are provided at the bottom of the partition (15). A through pipe (10) is provided on one side of the reaction chamber (100). The other end of the through pipe (10) is connected to the oxidation furnace (2). A heater (21) is provided on one side of the oxidation furnace (2). An upper connection port (22) is provided on one side of the reaction chamber (100). The first-stage dust collector (4) has a central conveying pipe (42) at the top center and a material collection hopper (43) at the bottom. The other end of the central conveying pipe (42) is connected to one side of the second-stage dust collector (6). The first-stage dust collector (4) has a lower connection port (41) on one side and a cooling component is provided between the upper connection port (22) and the lower connection port (41). The secondary dust collector (6) has a collection hopper (62) at the bottom, and a sealing discharge component is installed at the bottom of the collection hopper (62). The secondary dust collector (6) has a partition plate (60) inside, and several separation bags (600) are installed on the partition plate (60). The secondary dust collector (6) has a top cover (61) at the top, and a scraping device is installed on the top cover (61). The scraping device extends into the inside of the collection hopper (62) and can scrape the zinc oxide powder attached to the inner wall of the collection hopper (62) to the sealing discharge component for discharge.

2. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling component includes a cooling clamp (3), which is inclined in an extended shape. One end of the cooling clamp (3) is connected to the upper connection port (22) by a flange, and the other end of the cooling clamp (3) is connected to the lower connection port (41) by a flange. A first cooling box (31) and a second cooling box (32) are respectively provided on both sides inside the cooling clamp (3). The top and bottom ends of the first cooling box (31) and the second cooling box (32) are provided with connecting brackets (33) fixed to the inner wall of the cooling clamp (3). The upper ends of the first cooling box (31) and the second cooling box (32) are provided with liquid inlets (34), and the lower end of the second cooling box (32) is provided with liquid outlets (35). A connecting pipe (361) is provided between the first cooling box (31) and the second cooling box (32) to communicate with each other. Heat sinks (36) are provided on the connecting pipe (361).

3. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cooling tank (31) and the second cooling tank (32) are provided with a number of side scales (37) on their outer sides. The number of side scales (37) are connected by a connecting pipe (371). One end of the connecting pipe (371) is provided with an inlet pump (38), and the other end of the connecting pipe (371) is provided with an outlet pump (39). The end of the connecting pipe (371) extends to the outlet (35) and is connected to discharge together. A delivery pump (3711) is installed on the connecting pipe (371).

4. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing discharge component includes a connecting pipe (361) and a discharge pipe (64). The connecting pipe (361) is flanged and connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper (62). The discharge pipe (64) is flanged and connected to the end of the connecting pipe (361). A sealing valve (65) is connected to the bottom flange of the discharge pipe (64). The connecting pipe (361) has a built-in first sealing flipping mechanism, which includes a first motor (631). The first motor (631) is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (361). The connecting pipe (361) has a built-in first sealing plate (633). The output end of the first motor (631) is provided with a first rotating shaft (632). The first rotating shaft (632) passes through the connecting pipe (361) and extends to connect the connecting pipe (361) with the first sealing plate (633). The connecting pipe (361) has a built-in second sealing flipping mechanism, which includes a second motor (641). The second motor (641) is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (361). The connecting pipe (361) has a built-in second sealing plate (643). The output end of the second motor (641) is provided with a second rotating shaft (642). The second rotating shaft (642) passes through the connecting pipe (361) and extends to connect the connecting pipe (361) with the second sealing plate (643). Both the first sealing plate (633) and the second sealing plate (643) are provided with sealing sleeves (67) on their outer periphery.

5. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The scraping device includes a drive motor (611) and a scraper arm (81). The drive motor (611) is fixed to the top cover (61). The output end of the drive motor (611) is provided with a main shaft (6111). The main shaft (6111) passes through the secondary dust collector (6) and the partition plate (60) and extends into the inside of the collection hopper (62). A scraper rod (8) is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the main shaft (6111). The end of the scraper rod (8) is connected to the scraper arm (81). The scraper arm (81) rotates synchronously with the arc of the inner wall of the collection hopper (62).

6. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the oxidation furnace (2) is provided with a thickened plate (50), and the thickened plate (50) is provided with a striking component. The striking component periodically strikes the thickened plate (50). The striking component includes a stand (5) and a cylinder (51). The stand (5) is fixed on the top of the thickened plate (50), and the cylinder (51) is vertically installed on the stand (5). The output end of the cylinder (51) is provided with an extension rod (52), and the end of the extension rod (52) is provided with a striking head (53).

7. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partition plate (60) divides the inner cavity of the secondary dust collector (6) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A discharge pipe is provided on one side wall of the secondary dust collector (6), which is connected to the upper cavity. A discharge fan (66) is installed on the discharge pipe. The secondary dust collector (6) is equipped with an air storage pump (7) on its side wall. The air storage pump (7) has a nozzle (71) at its output end. One end of the nozzle (71) extends into the upper cavity. Several nozzles (72) are evenly distributed on the nozzle (71) and are inclined towards the separating bag (600).

8. The apparatus for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the feeding hopper (14) is hinged with a feeding chamber door (141), and the bottom of the evaporator (1) is provided with a horizontally movable waste hopper (13); the side wall of the oxidation furnace (2) includes an outer furnace layer (20) and an inner furnace layer (200), the outer furnace layer (20) is located outside the inner furnace layer (200), and an annular sandwich is formed between the outer furnace layer (20) and the inner furnace layer (200); The sidewall of the collection hopper (62) includes an inner layer (621) and an outer layer (622), with an annular sandwich layer formed between the inner layer (621) and the outer layer (622); The secondary dust collector (6) has a side door (91) hinged to its side wall, and an observation window (9) is provided on the front of the secondary dust collector (6).

9. A production apparatus and method for high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics, characterized in that, The application of the high-purity zinc oxide production apparatus for ceramics as described in claim 7 includes the following steps: S1. Zinc vapor preparation and oxidation: Zinc ingots are added to the reaction chamber (100) through the feeding hopper (14). The zinc ingots fall above the partition (15) due to gravity. The evaporation furnace (1) heats the ingots and the heat beam tube (12) dissipates the heat, causing the zinc ingots to melt and vaporize to produce zinc vapor. The zinc vapor enters the oxidation furnace (2) through the pipe (10). At the reaction temperature maintained by the heater (21), the zinc vapor undergoes a gas phase oxidation reaction with the air to generate zinc oxide particles and form dusty high-temperature flue gas. During the oxidation process, the cylinder (51) of the striking component drives the extension rod (52) to reciprocate, so that the striking head (53) periodically strikes the thickened plate (50) at the top of the oxidation furnace (2) to prevent zinc oxide from sintering and adhering to the wall. S2, Cooling and Primary Separation: Dust-laden high-temperature flue gas enters the cooling jacket (3) through the upper connection port (22), and is cooled down by the combined action of the circulating cooling medium in the first cooling box (31) and the second cooling box (32). Then, it enters the primary dust collector (4) through the lower connection port (41) for centrifugal separation. The coarser particles fall into the collection hopper (43) and are discharged, while the flue gas containing fine powder enters the secondary dust collector (6) through the middle conveying pipe (42). S3, Secondary Filtration and Dust Removal: After the flue gas enters the secondary dust collector (6), the fine powder is intercepted by the separation bag (600) to form a powder cake layer, and the purified gas is discharged through the discharge pipe; the compressed gas in the gas storage pump (7) is pulsed into the bag through the nozzle (71) and the nozzle (72), causing the bag to expand and shake instantly, and the powder cake layer falls off and falls into the collection hopper (62). S4. Scraping and Sealing Discharge: The drive motor (611) drives the main shaft (6111) to rotate, which drives the scraper (8) and scraper arm (81) to rotate along the inner wall of the collection hopper (62) to scrape the powder attached to the inner wall to the bottom; the first sealing plate (633) and the second sealing plate (643) in the sealing discharge component open and close alternately to discharge the powder intermittently. During the discharge process, at least one sealing plate is always kept in the closed state to prevent external air from entering.

10. The method for producing high-purity zinc oxide for ceramics according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S1, the striking frequency of the striking component is once every 5 to 15 minutes, and each strike lasts for 1 to 3 seconds; In step S3, the gas source stored in the gas storage pump (7) is dry nitrogen, the pulse time is 0.1 to 0.3 seconds, and the pulse interval is 30 to 120 seconds; In step S4, the alternating opening and closing of the first sealing plate (633) and the second sealing plate (643) is controlled by a time relay. When the first sealing plate (633) is opened, the second sealing plate (643) is closed. After the first sealing plate (633) is closed, the second sealing plate (643) is opened again. The opening times of the two are staggered by at least 10 seconds.

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