Fluidized bed and its separation apparatus, separation method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a fluidized bed and a separation device and a separation method thereof, the separation device is used for being installed in a separation zone of the fluidized bed and being communicated with a water passing hole on a partition wall of the fluidized bed; the separation device comprises a separation cylinder, a gas collecting cover and a gas guide pipe; wherein the upper part of the separation cylinder is communicated with the water passing hole, and the lower end of the separation cylinder extends to the bottom of the separation zone; the gas collecting cover is covered on the separation cylinder and is used for forming a gas collecting space; one end of the gas guide pipe is communicated with the top of the gas collecting cover, and the other end of the gas guide pipe extends to a biochemical aeration zone of the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed comprises the separation device. The separation method is realized by using the fluidized bed. The present application can fundamentally solve the problem of sludge running caused by residual bubbles carrying sludge to float, and eliminate the problem of foam overflow polluting the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and more specifically, to a fluidized bed and its separation device and separation method. Background Technology

[0002] Biological fluidized bed is a highly efficient biological treatment device. Its core principle is to fluidize the biological sludge in the tank through aeration, thereby enhancing the mass transfer efficiency between microorganisms and wastewater and air, and thus improving the biochemical reaction rate. It is widely used in the deep treatment of industrial wastewater and municipal sewage. Among them, the three-phase biological fluidized bed has become the mainstream application form because it does not require an additional gas-liquid-solid separation device, has a compact structure, and high treatment efficiency.

[0003] The existing three-phase biological fluidized bed mainly consists of a biological aeration zone and a separation zone, separated by a partition wall with water passage holes to allow the flow of the sludge-water mixture. Its working process includes: compressed air is introduced into the bottom of the biological aeration zone through aeration pipes and aeration heads, causing air, biological sludge, and wastewater to form a three-phase air-cement mixture. This mixture rises under the influence of the airflow and then enters the separation zone through the water passage holes. In the separation zone, gravity separates the sludge and water. The clarified water is discharged through a weir at the top of the separation zone, while the sludge settles and returns to the biological aeration zone for recycling.

[0004] However, the aforementioned traditional three-phase biochemical fluidized bed structure has significant technical defects in actual industrial operation. The core problem lies in the inability to effectively separate the excessive residual microbubbles entrained in the mud-water mixture, specifically manifested in the following ways: (1) Serious sludge run-off: After the mud-water mixture enters the separation zone through the water passage, the residual microbubbles are quickly released and float to the surface. During the floating process, a large amount of light biochemical sludge will adhere to it, and the sludge will be carried to the surface of the pool, causing the sludge to be lost with the effluent. This results in a sharp drop in the sludge concentration in the biochemical aeration zone, insufficient microbial biomass, which directly deteriorates the biochemical treatment efficiency and may even lead to the effluent water quality failing to meet standards.

[0005] (2) High risk of foam overflow: Due to the accumulation of residual bubbles on the surface of the separation zone, a foam layer with a thickness of 5-10cm is formed, which carries a large amount of biochemical sludge. The foam is easy to overflow outside the pool, which not only pollutes the on-site operating environment, but may also cause secondary environmental pollution and increase the cost of environmental protection and treatment.

[0006] (3) High operating costs: In order to maintain the designed sludge concentration in the biochemical aeration zone, it is necessary to frequently replenish fresh sludge or extend the sewage retention time, which not only increases the cost of sludge purchase and disposal, but also reduces the equipment processing load, resulting in an increase in the unit sewage treatment cost.

[0007] (4) Unstable separation efficiency: Residual air bubbles carrying sludge float and accumulate at the weir, which can easily cause blockage of the weir separation holes, resulting in uneven water output and affecting the separation effect.

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies often employ improvements such as adding defoaming devices to the separation zone or increasing the height of the separation zone. However, these methods can only alleviate the problem of foam overflow and cannot fundamentally solve the core defects such as mud runoff and poor water flow caused by residual bubbles. Furthermore, they increase the equipment's footprint and modification costs, making them impractical. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to provide a fluidized bed and its separation device and separation method, which can fundamentally solve the problem of sludge runoff caused by residual bubbles carrying sludge to the surface, and eliminate the problem of foam overflow polluting the environment.

[0010] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: An embodiment of the present invention provides a separation device, which is installed in the separation zone of a fluidized bed and is connected to a water passage hole on the partition wall of the fluidized bed; the separation device includes a separation cylinder, a gas collecting hood, and a gas guide pipe; The upper part of the separation cylinder is connected to the water passage hole, and the lower end of the separation cylinder extends to the bottom of the separation zone; the gas collection hood is installed on the separation cylinder to form a gas collection space; one end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the top of the gas collection hood, and the other end of the gas guide pipe extends into the fluidized bed biochemical aeration zone.

[0011] Optionally, the diameter ratio of the separation cylinder to the water passage hole is 3:2 to 5:2.

[0012] Optionally, the gas collecting hood is conical, the lower opening of the gas collecting hood is sealed to the upper end of the separation cylinder, and the height of the gas collecting hood is 150~300mm.

[0013] Optionally, the diameter ratio of the air guide pipe to the water passage hole is 3:10 to 5:10, and one end of the air guide pipe extending into the biochemical aeration zone is located 50 to 100 mm above the liquid surface.

[0014] Optionally, the water passage hole and the separation cylinder are connected by a water passage pipe, and the inner diameter of the water passage pipe is the same as the diameter of the water passage hole.

[0015] Optionally, the lower end of the separation cylinder is provided with a cement guide pipe, the lower end outlet of which is located 100-200mm below the sludge layer interface of the separation zone, and the inner diameter of the cement guide pipe is the same as the diameter of the water passage hole.

[0016] Optionally, the cement guide pipe is inclined at an angle of 30° to 60°.

[0017] Optionally, the inner walls of both the separation cylinder and the cement guide pipe are provided with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a fluidized bed, which includes the separation device described above.

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a separation method, which utilizes the above-described fluidized bed, comprising: The three-phase mixture flowing into the separation zone through the water passage is separated by the separation cylinder; the residual gas and biological foam after separation are captured by the gas collection hood and guided back to the biochemical aeration zone for recycling through the air guide pipe; the separated mud-water mixture is guided to the bottom of the separation zone to settle.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the fluidized bed and its separation device and separation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention include: The separation device is installed in the separation zone of a fluidized bed and is connected to the water passage holes on the partition wall of the fluidized bed. The separation device includes a separation cylinder, a gas collecting hood, and a gas guide pipe. The upper part of the separation cylinder is connected to the water passage holes, and the lower end of the separation cylinder extends towards the bottom of the separation zone. The gas collecting hood is placed on the separation cylinder to form a gas collecting space. One end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the top of the gas collecting hood, and the other end of the gas guide pipe extends into the biochemical aeration zone of the fluidized bed.

[0021] This separation device uses a separation cylinder to separate the three-phase mixture flowing into the separation zone through water holes, separating residual gas and biological foam from the sludge-water mixture. The residual gas and biological foam are captured by a gas collection hood and guided back to the biological aeration zone for recycling via a gas guide pipe. The sludge-water mixture is guided through the separation cylinder to the bottom of the separation zone for settling, achieving sludge-water separation. This design fundamentally solves the problem of sludge runoff caused by residual bubbles carrying sludge to the surface, eliminating the environmental pollution caused by foam overflow. The residual gas is introduced into the biological aeration zone for recycling, significantly reducing sludge loss and lowering operating costs. The device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0022] The fluidized bed includes the aforementioned separation device and has all the functions of the aforementioned separation device.

[0023] This separation method utilizes the fluidized bed described above and also possesses all the functions of the aforementioned separation device. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluidized bed provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the fluidized bed provided in this embodiment.

[0026] Icons: 100-Separation device; 110-Separation cylinder; 120-Gas collection hood; 130-Air guide pipe; 140-Water pipe; 150-Cement guide pipe; 200-Biological aeration zone; 210-Aeration pipe; 220-Aeration head; 230-Water distribution pipe; 240-Separation cylinder; 300-Separation zone; 310-Weir; 320-Outlet pipe; 330-Sludge funnel; 400-Partition wall; 410-Water passage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0033] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fluidized bed, its separation device, and separation method provided in this embodiment are described in detail.

[0034] The fluidized bed provided in this embodiment includes a biochemical aeration zone 200, a separation zone 300, a partition wall 400, and a separation device 100. The specific structure is as follows: The biochemical aeration zone 200 can be a rectangular or cylindrical tank. Aeration pipes 210 and aeration heads 220 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the tank. The aeration pipes 210 are connected to an external compressed air system to introduce compressed air into the tank, causing the carrier packing material, sludge, and wastewater to form a three-phase mixture of air and cement. A level gauge and regulating valve can be installed on the tank wall of the biochemical aeration zone 200. The level gauge controls the liquid level in the tank, and the regulating valve controls the aeration intensity. A water distribution pipe 230 is located above the aeration heads 220 within the biochemical aeration zone 200, for introducing the wastewater to be treated.

[0035] Separation zone 300 and biological aeration zone 200 are adjacent to each other and separated by partition wall 400. Biological aeration zone 200 contains a partition cylinder 240, which is a vertically continuous cylindrical structure surrounding aeration pipe 210 and aeration head 220. Wastewater to be treated enters biological aeration zone 200 through distribution pipe 230. Based on the liquid level difference between biological aeration zone 200 and separation zone 300, the mud-water mixture in biological aeration zone 200 is driven to flow into separation zone 100 through water passage holes 410. When aeration is activated in biological aeration zone 200, a fluidized state is formed; specifically, an upward flow forms inside partition cylinder 240, and a downward flow forms outside partition cylinder 240. A portion of the mud-water mixture in the downward flow area outside partition cylinder 240 enters separation zone 100 through water passage holes 410 on partition wall 400.

[0036] The separation zone 300 is equipped with a weir 310 at its upper part, which is connected to an outlet pipe 320 for discharging clarified water after the sludge-water mixture is separated. The bottom of the separation zone 300 is equipped with a conical funnel with a 45° inclination angle to facilitate the return of sludge to the biological aeration zone 200 after settling. Driven by the upward flow of aeration, the sludge is carried into the biological aeration zone 200 for reuse.

[0037] A partition wall 400 is located between the biochemical aeration zone 200 and the separation zone 300. Multiple water passage holes 410 are evenly distributed horizontally on the partition wall 400. The diameter of each water passage hole 410 can be 100-200 mm, and the spacing between adjacent water passage holes 410 is 500-800 mm. A separation device 100 is installed at each water passage hole 410 to separate residual gas from the mud-water mixture.

[0038] The separation device 100 provided in this embodiment is installed in the separation zone 300 of the fluidized bed and is connected to the water passage hole 410 on the partition wall 400 of the fluidized bed. The separation device 100 includes a separation cylinder 110, a gas collecting hood 120 and a gas guide pipe 130.

[0039] The upper part of the separation cylinder 110 is connected to the water passage 410, and the lower end of the separation cylinder 110 extends to the bottom of the separation zone 300. The gas collection hood 120 is installed on the separation cylinder 110 to form a gas collection space. One end of the gas guide pipe 130 is connected to the top of the gas collection hood 120, and the other end of the gas guide pipe 130 extends into the fluidized bed biochemical aeration zone 200.

[0040] Specifically, the air guide pipe 130, the gas collecting hood 120, and the separation cylinder 110 are sequentially and sealed together. The gas collecting hood 120 is a hollow shell with a closed upper end and an open lower end. The edge of the lower opening is sealed and fitted to the upper end of the separation cylinder 110 to form an air cushion space that can temporarily store residual gas. One end of the air guide pipe 130 vertically penetrates the top center of the gas collecting hood 120 and is sealed and connected to the inside of the gas collecting hood 120. The other end serves as the outlet end, extending below the liquid surface of the biological aeration zone 200. The upper part of the separation cylinder 110 is sealed and connected to the water passage hole 410, and the lower end extends to the bottom of the separation zone 300, with the outlet located below the normal sludge layer interface of the separation zone 300.

[0041] In this way, the separation device 100 can separate the three-phase mixture flowing into the separation zone 300 through the water hole 410 via the separation cylinder 110, so that the residual gas and biological foam are separated from the mud-water mixture; the residual gas and biological foam are captured by the gas collection hood 120 and guided back to the biochemical aeration zone 200 for recycling through the air guide pipe 130; the mud-water mixture is guided by the separation cylinder 110 to the bottom of the separation zone 300 to settle, thus realizing mud-water separation.

[0042] This setup fundamentally solves the problem of sludge runoff caused by residual bubbles carrying sludge to the surface, eliminating the environmental pollution caused by foam overflow. The residual gas is introduced into the biochemical aeration zone 200 for recycling, significantly reducing sludge loss and lowering operating costs. The device has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can be directly installed at the existing fluidized bed's water passage 410 without altering the main structure of the original equipment. The modification cycle is short, the workload is small, and it has strong applicability, making it widely applicable to the upgrading and modification of various three-phase biochemical fluidized beds.

[0043] In this embodiment, the diameter ratio of the separator 110 to the water passage 410 is 3:2 to 5:2.

[0044] Specifically, the diameter of the separation cylinder 110 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the water passage 410, ensuring that the separation space volume inside the separation cylinder 110 is greater than the volumetric flow rate of the three-phase mixture flowing in through the water passage 410. In other words, the volume of the separation cylinder 110 is not less than the product of the cross-sectional area of ​​the water passage 410 and the flow velocity of the three-phase mixture. This design slows down the flow velocity of the three-phase mixture upon entering the separation cylinder 110, ensuring sufficient separation time within the cylinder to guarantee the separation of residual gas from the three-phase mixture. The separation cylinder 110 can be made of a hard, corrosion-resistant material.

[0045] In this embodiment, the gas collecting hood 120 is conical, and the lower opening of the gas collecting hood 120 is sealed to the upper end of the separation cylinder 110. The height of the gas collecting hood 120 is 150~300mm.

[0046] Specifically, the lower opening of the gas collecting hood 120 has the same diameter as that of the separation cylinder 110, allowing for a sealed connection between the two. The gas collecting hood 120 is conical in shape, with a height of 150-300mm, to create sufficient air cushion space for efficiently collecting residual gas released from the three-phase mixture flowing in from the water passage 410, preventing gas diffusion into the main tank of the separation zone 300. When the residual gas rises in the gas guide pipe 130, a slight negative pressure is formed inside the gas collecting hood 120, generating a lift-up suction effect, promoting the flow of the three-phase mixture through the water passage 410 into the separation cylinder 110, effectively preventing pipe blockage, reducing head loss, and improving the overall operational stability and water flow efficiency of the fluidized bed. The gas collecting hood 120 can be made of corrosion-resistant and biofouling-resistant materials, such as 304 stainless steel or FRP fiberglass.

[0047] In this embodiment, the diameter ratio of the air guide pipe 130 to the water passage hole 410 is 3:10 to 5:10, and the end of the air guide pipe 130 extending into the biochemical aeration zone 200 is located 50 to 100 mm above the liquid surface.

[0048] Specifically, the air guide pipe 130 is a rigid, corrosion-resistant pipe with a diameter 0.3 to 0.5 times that of the water passage hole 410, ensuring that residual gas can be discharged quickly while avoiding affecting the flow of the three-phase mixture. The end of the air guide pipe 130 extending into the biochemical aeration zone 200 is 50 to 100 mm above the liquid surface, facing the aeration head 220, and may be equipped with a one-way valve.

[0049] In this embodiment, the water passage 410 and the separation cylinder 110 are connected by a water passage pipe 140, the inner diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the water passage 410. The design of the water passage pipe 140 facilitates the connection between the water passage 410 and the separation cylinder 110.

[0050] It should be noted that the separator 110 can also be tightly fitted to the partition wall 400, and a connecting hole can be opened in the partition wall 400 at the position corresponding to the water passage hole 410 to achieve communication between the water passage hole 410 and the separator 110. The water passage pipe 140 can be a rigid corrosion-resistant pipe.

[0051] In this embodiment, the lower end of the separation cylinder 110 is provided with a cement guide pipe 150. The lower outlet of the cement guide pipe 150 is located 100-200mm below the sludge layer interface of the separation zone 300. The inner diameter of the cement guide pipe 150 is the same as the diameter of the water passage hole 410.

[0052] Specifically, the inner diameter of the cement guide pipe 150 is the same as the diameter of the water passage 410, but smaller than the diameter of the separation cylinder 110. This slows down the flow of the sludge-water mixture to the bottom of the separation zone 300, allowing sufficient separation time for the residual gas. The lower outlet of the cement guide pipe 150 is located 100-200mm below the sludge layer interface in the separation zone 300, ensuring that the sludge-water mixture is directly discharged into the bottom of the separation zone 300. This reduces the settling time of the sludge-water mixture and ensures that the separated sludge can be quickly returned to the biological aeration zone 200, improving operational efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, the cement guide pipe 150 is inclined, with an inclination angle of 30° to 60°, such as 30°, 40°, 50° or 60°.

[0054] It should be noted that the cement pipe 150 can also be installed vertically.

[0055] Furthermore, the inner walls of the separator 110 and the cement guide pipe 150 are both coated with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating, which can reduce mud and water adhesion and prevent pipe blockage.

[0056] This embodiment provides a separation method, which utilizes the above-mentioned fluidized bed, including: The three-phase mixture flowing into the separation zone 300 through the water hole 410 is separated by the separation cylinder 110; the residual gas and biological foam after separation are captured by the gas collection hood 120 and guided back to the biochemical aeration zone 200 for recycling through the air guide pipe 130; the separated mud-water mixture is guided to the bottom of the separation zone 300 to settle.

[0057] Specifically, the separation method of this embodiment includes at least the following steps: Step 1: Device commissioning. Check the sealing performance of the gas collection hood 120, the effectiveness of the gas guide pipe 130, and the unobstructed flow of the separation cylinder 110 and the cement guide pipe 150 to ensure that all components are tightly connected and there is no air or water leakage; adjust the position of the lower outlet of the cement guide pipe 150 so that it is located 500-600mm directly above the sludge funnel 330 in the separation zone 300 (100-200mm below the sludge layer interface).

[0058] Step 2: Aeration Operation. Compressed air is introduced into the aeration pipe 210 of the biochemical aeration zone 200 and aerated evenly through the aeration head 220, so that the sludge and sewage in the tank form a three-phase mixture of air and cement. The three-phase mixture rises under the action of airflow and then flows down to the vicinity of the partition wall 400.

[0059] Step 3: Air-cement separation. The air-cement three-phase mixture enters the separation cylinder 110 through the water pipe 140 installed at the water passage hole 410 on the partition wall 400; due to the decrease in flow rate and pressure change, the residual micro bubbles entrained in the three-phase mixture are rapidly released and rise, and are captured by the air cushion space of the gas collection hood 120; at the same time, the mud-water mixture after the residual bubbles are removed enters the cement guide pipe 150 under the push of gravity and subsequent water, and is directly transported to the sludge funnel 330 at the bottom of the separation zone 300 through the cement guide pipe 150.

[0060] Step 4: Gas Recovery and Sludge Settling. The residual gas captured in the gas collection hood 120 is guided back to the biological aeration zone 200 for recycling through the air guide pipe 130 under the action of air lift effect; the sludge-water mixture at the bottom of the separation zone 300, without bubble interference, allows the sludge to settle rapidly along the slope at the bottom of the sludge funnel 330 under the action of gravity and return to the biological aeration zone 200 for recycling, while the clarified water flows upward and is discharged through the weir 310.

[0061] Step 5: Operation and Maintenance. Regularly check the unobstructed flow of the air guide pipe 130 and the cement guide pipe 150, and remove any sludge adhering to the pipes; regularly check the sludge layer thickness in the separation zone 300, and adjust the outlet position of the cement guide pipe 150 to ensure stable separation performance.

[0062] Example 1 This example provides a separation device 100 applied to a three-phase biological fluidized bed for treating industrial wastewater with a capacity of 500 m³ / d. Its specific structure fully conforms to the parameter requirements of the above embodiments and is compatible with... Figure 1 The serial numbers and names of each component in the system strictly correspond, as detailed below: The gas collection hood 120 is made of 304 stainless steel. It is a funnel-shaped shell that is closed at the top and open at the bottom. It is 200mm high and the diameter of the lower opening is 200mm. Its core function is to capture residual gases and biological floating mud and foam released from the gas cement three-phase mixture.

[0063] The air guide pipe 130 is made of PVC rigid corrosion-resistant pipe with a diameter of 40mm (0.4 times the diameter of the water passage hole 410). One end is vertically inserted through the center of the top of the air collection hood 120 and is sealed and connected to the inside of the air collection hood 120. The other end is the outlet end, which extends into the biological aeration zone 200 and faces the aeration head 220. It can stably guide the residual gas and the biological floating mud and foam captured in the air collection hood 120 back to the biological aeration zone 200 for recycling, realize the air lifting effect, and improve the water passage efficiency.

[0064] The separator 110 is made of rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 200mm (twice the diameter of the water passage 410). The inner wall is coated with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating and extends vertically downwards. Its upper end is sealed and connected to the lower space of the gas collection hood 120. The upper side wall opening is sealed and vertically connected to the water passage pipe 140. The water passage pipe 140 is sealed and connected to the water passage 410. The lower outlet extends into the sludge funnel 330 at the bottom of the separation zone 300, ensuring that the mud-water mixture is directly discharged into the sludge funnel 330 of the separation zone 300. This prevents air bubbles from carrying sludge to the surface and ensures that the sludge flows smoothly back to the biological aeration zone 200.

[0065] The water pipe 140 is sealed to the water hole 410. The diameter of the water pipe 140 is the same as that of the water hole 410, which is 100mm. It is used to guide the three-phase mixture of gas cement from the water hole 410 into the separation cylinder 110. It is the key channel for the flow of the three-phase mixture.

[0066] Example 2 This example provides a separation device 100 applied to a three-phase biological fluidized bed for treating industrial wastewater with a capacity of 500 m³ / d. Its specific structure fully conforms to the parameter requirements of the above embodiments and is compatible with... Figure 2 The serial numbers and names of each component in the system strictly correspond, as detailed below: The air collection hood 120 is made of 304 stainless steel. It is a funnel-shaped shell that is closed at the top and open at the bottom. It is 200mm high and the diameter of the lower opening is 200mm, forming an air cushion space with a volume of 0.006m³.

[0067] The air guide pipe 130 is made of PVC rigid corrosion-resistant pipe with a diameter of 40mm (0.4 times the diameter of the water passage hole 410). One end vertically penetrates the center of the top of the air collection hood 120 and is sealed and connected to the inside of the air collection hood 120. The other end extends downward and extends into the biological aeration zone 200 80mm above the liquid surface. The outlet end faces the aeration head 220 and is equipped with a one-way valve. It can stably guide the residual gas and the biological floating mud and foam captured in the air collection hood 120 back to the biological aeration zone 200 for recycling, realize the air lifting effect, and improve the water passage efficiency.

[0068] The separator 110 is made of rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 200mm (twice the diameter of the water passage 410). The inner wall is coated with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating and extends vertically downward. Its upper end is sealed and connected to the lower space of the gas collection hood 120. The opening on the upper side wall is sealed and vertically connected to the water passage pipe 140. The water passage pipe 140 is sealed and connected to the water passage 410. The lower outlet is connected to the cement guide pipe 150.

[0069] The cement guide pipe 150 is made of rigid PVC pipe with a diameter of 100mm (the same as the diameter of the water passage 410). The inner wall is coated with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating and extends vertically downward. Its upper end is sealed and connected to the lower space of the separation cylinder 110, and the lower outlet is located 150mm below the normal sludge layer interface in the separation zone 300. This ensures that the mud-water mixture is directly discharged into the bottom of the separation zone 300, preventing air bubbles from carrying sludge to the surface and ensuring that the sludge is smoothly returned to the biological aeration zone 200.

[0070] The water pipe 140 is sealed to the water hole 410. The diameter of the water pipe 140 is the same as that of the water hole 410, which is 100mm. It is used to guide the three-phase mixture of gas cement from the water hole 410 into the separation cylinder 110. It is the key channel for the flow of the three-phase mixture.

[0071] In summary, the beneficial effects of the fluidized bed and its separation device 100, and the separation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing biochemical fluidized bed separation zones (300) that suffer from residual air bubbles leading to sludge runoff, foam overflow, high operating costs, and unstable separation efficiency. A separation device 100 is installed at the water passage 410 between the biochemical aeration zone (200) and the separation zone (300). This device enables efficient separation of sludge, water, and air at the source, preventing sludge runoff and foam overflow. It utilizes the airlift effect to improve water passage efficiency and equipment operational stability. The device has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can be directly retrofitted to existing equipment without altering the main structure. It can significantly reduce operating costs by 15%-25%, reduce sludge loss rate by over 90%, and improve biochemical treatment efficiency. It is applicable to air-cement separation processes in various three-phase biochemical fluidized beds, solving the core bottleneck of existing technologies and possessing excellent prospects for industrial application. Details are as follows: (1) Innovative solution to the problem of sludge runoff: This invention uses a separation cylinder 110 and a gas collection hood 120 to pre-separate residual gas at the water passage 410. Then, the separation cylinder 110 and the cement guide pipe 150 directly transport the sludge water without bubble interference to the bottom of the separation zone 300, eliminating the phenomenon of bubbles carrying sludge to the surface from the source. According to actual tests, the sludge loss rate is reduced by more than 90%, and the biochemical aeration zone 200 can maintain the designed sludge concentration (3000-5000mg / L) for a long time without the need for additional sludge replenishment.

[0072] (2) Completely eliminate the risk of foam overflow: The residual gas is completely returned to the biochemical aeration zone 200 by the gas guide pipe 130 for recycling and no longer enters the main body of the separation zone 300. The surface of the separation zone 300 remains calm and there is no foam accumulation. This can completely solve the environmental problems caused by foam overflow, and there is no need to add a defoaming device, thus reducing equipment investment costs.

[0073] (3) Improve operational stability by utilizing the air lift effect: During the process of the residual gas rising in the gas guide pipe 130, a slight negative pressure will be formed inside the gas collection hood 120, which will generate an air lift suction effect, promote the smooth passage of the mud-water mixture through the water passage hole 410 and the cement guide pipe 150, effectively prevent pipe blockage, reduce head loss, improve the operational stability and water passage efficiency of the entire biochemical fluidized bed, and solve the problem of unstable separation efficiency in the existing technology.

[0074] (4) Significantly reduce operating costs: On the one hand, the amount of sludge loss is greatly reduced, ensuring the stable operation of the biochemical system; on the other hand, the residual gas is introduced into the biochemical aeration zone 200 for recycling, eliminating the need to add defoaming devices and additional sludge replenishment equipment. According to calculations, the unit wastewater treatment cost can be reduced by 15%-25%.

[0075] (5) Simple structure and easy to implement: The separation device 100 is composed of a gas collection hood 120, a gas guide pipe 130, a separation cylinder 110 and a cement guide pipe 150. It has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. It can be directly modified and installed at the water passage hole 410 of the existing biochemical fluidized bed without changing the main structure of the original equipment. The modification cycle is short, the amount of work is small, and the applicability is strong. It can be widely used in the upgrading and modification of various three-phase biochemical fluidized beds.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation device, characterized in that, The separation device (100) is installed in the separation zone (300) of the fluidized bed and is connected to the water passage hole (410) on the partition wall (400) of the fluidized bed; the separation device (100) includes a separation cylinder (110), a gas collection hood (120) and a gas guide pipe (130). The upper part of the separation cylinder (110) is connected to the water passage (410), and the lower end of the separation cylinder (110) extends to the bottom of the separation zone (300). The gas collection hood (120) is placed on the separation cylinder (110) to form a gas collection space. One end of the gas guide pipe (130) is connected to the top of the gas collection hood (120), and the other end of the gas guide pipe (130) extends into the fluidized bed biochemical aeration zone (200).

2. The separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter ratio of the separation cylinder (110) to the water passage hole (410) is 3:2 to 5:

2.

3. The separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas collecting hood (120) is conical, and the lower opening of the gas collecting hood (120) is sealed to the upper end of the separation cylinder (110). The height of the gas collecting hood (120) is 150~300mm.

4. The separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter ratio of the air guide pipe (130) to the water passage hole (410) is 3:10 to 5:10, and the end of the air guide pipe (130) extending into the biochemical aeration zone (200) is located 50 to 100 mm above the liquid surface.

5. The separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water passage hole (410) is connected to the separation cylinder (110) through a water passage pipe (140), and the inner diameter of the water passage pipe (140) is the same as the diameter of the water passage hole (410).

6. The separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the separation cylinder (110) is provided with a cement guide pipe (150). The lower outlet of the cement guide pipe (150) is located 100~200mm below the sludge layer interface of the separation zone (300). The inner diameter of the cement guide pipe (150) is the same as the diameter of the water passage hole (410).

7. The separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cement guide pipe (150) is inclined, with an inclination angle of 30°~60°.

8. The separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner walls of both the separation cylinder (110) and the cement guide pipe (150) are coated with a smooth polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

9. A fluidized bed, characterized in that, Includes the separation device (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A separation method, characterized in that, This is achieved using the fluidized bed described in claim 9, comprising: The three-phase mixture flowing into the separation zone (300) through the water passage (410) is separated by the separation cylinder (110); the residual gas and biological foam after separation are captured by the gas collection hood (120) and guided back to the biochemical aeration zone (200) for recycling through the air guide pipe (130); the separated mud-water mixture is guided to the bottom of the separation zone (300) to settle.

Images