Water conservancy construction sludge treatment and drying machine and method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water pollution control and treatment, and particularly relates to a water conservancy construction sludge treatment drying machine, which comprises a drying cylinder, three supporting legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying cylinder, a sealing cover is fixedly installed at the top of the drying cylinder through screws, a feeding port is communicated with the top side of the sealing cover, and a trumpet port is communicated with the top of the feeding port; a dehydration power mechanism is installed on the sealing cover; a sludge extrusion fixed disc dehydration part is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder, and the inner wall of the sludge extrusion fixed disc dehydration part is provided in an inclined structure; a straight cylinder is communicated with the bottom of the sludge extrusion fixed disc dehydration part, and the straight cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall at the bottom of the drying cylinder. The application realizes efficient sludge dehydration through a large-torque extrusion structure, cooperates with high-pressure air cushion anti-sticking and anti-blocking to guarantee continuous operation, and forms extrusion and hot air composite drying through a heating structure, so that the water content of sludge is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, and in particular to a sludge drying machine and method for treating sludge from water conservancy construction. Background Technology

[0002] Dredging of water conservancy channels and construction of foundation pits will generate a large amount of highly viscous silt with an extremely high water content.

[0003] Existing sludge drying equipment mostly uses mechanical external force such as plate and frame filter press or screw extrusion to squeeze out water, or uses hot air drying to evaporate water. The driving force for dehydration is mechanical pressure or external heat.

[0004] The multi-power source split structure, with filter press, conveyor, crusher, etc., each driven independently, results in a complex equipment composition, large footprint, and operation synchronization relies on complex electrical control.

[0005] Mechanical extrusion dewatering consumes a lot of energy and the filter cloth / screen is prone to clogging; plate and frame filter presses require a high-pressure pump to continuously supply pressure, and the filter cloth is very easy to clog in fine sludge, requiring frequent cleaning or replacement; screw extruders have low dewatering efficiency for sludge with high water content and cannot escape the problem of large losses in mechanical force transmission.

[0006] Traditional sludge treatment equipment relies solely on mechanical extrusion for dewatering, resulting in insufficient dewatering depth and sludge easily adhering to the extrusion surface, causing blockages. The dewatering holes are also easily clogged by sludge particles, requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning and resulting in poor operational continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the shortcomings of traditional sludge treatment equipment that relies solely on mechanical extrusion for dewatering, resulting in insufficient dewatering depth, sludge easily adhering to the extrusion surface and causing blockage; the dewatering holes are easily clogged by sludge particles, requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning, and poor operational continuity. Therefore, this invention proposes a sludge drying machine and method for water conservancy construction.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction includes a drying drum. Three support legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying drum. A sealing cover is fixedly installed at the top of the drying drum by screws. A feed inlet is connected to the top side of the sealing cover, and a flared opening is connected to the top of the feed inlet. A dewatering power mechanism is installed on the sealing cover. A sludge extrusion disc dewatering component is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drying drum. The inner wall of the sludge extrusion disc dewatering component has an inclined structure. A straight cylinder is connected to the bottom of the sludge extrusion disc dewatering component and is fixedly installed on the drying drum. The bottom inner wall features a sludge extrusion plate dewatering component integrated with the straight cylinder in a cast structure, forming a water accumulation chamber with the inner wall of the drying cylinder. This water accumulation chamber is connected to a drain pipe, the bottom of which is connected to a wastewater collection tank. The bottom of the dewatering power mechanism is equipped with a sludge extrusion plate dewatering component, which works in conjunction with the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component to mechanically extrude and dry the introduced sludge. The bottom of the sealing cover is connected to a sludge extrusion pipe, which is connected to the inside of the straight cylinder for discharging the dewatered and dried sludge.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component is uniformly provided with multiple dewatering holes; the sludge squeezing moving plate dewatering component includes a conical squeezing block, which has a hollow cavity structure. A spiral blade is fixedly provided on the inclined surface of the bottom side of the conical squeezing block. The spiral blade is closely fitted with the inclined inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component, which can continuously squeeze and convey the sludge downward during rotation to achieve continuous dewatering operation.

[0010] Preferably, the dehydration power mechanism includes a metal tube, which is rotatably mounted at the center of the sealing cover via a bearing. The top of the conical extrusion block has a connecting hole, and the bottom end of the metal tube is fixedly connected to the connecting hole to achieve synchronous power transmission and ensure stable rotation of the conical extrusion block.

[0011] Preferably, a passive gear is fixedly installed at the top of the metal tube, a top plate is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing cover, a servo motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate, a power shaft is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor, and an active gear is fixedly installed on the outside of the power shaft. The active gear and the passive gear mesh with each other. The diameter of the passive gear is eight times the diameter of the active gear, forming a speed reduction transmission structure, increasing the extrusion torque, and ensuring the sludge extrusion and dewatering effect.

[0012] Preferably, a fan duct is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover, and a fan is fixedly installed inside the fan duct at the bottom end of the power shaft. An air inlet is provided on the top of the fan duct. A pneumatic cylinder is also fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover. The metal tube and the pneumatic cylinder are rotatably connected by a sealed bearing. Multiple air inlets are provided on the outside of the metal tube, and all of them are located inside the pneumatic cylinder. A connecting pipe connects the pneumatic cylinder and the fan duct, which can pressurize outside air and introduce it into the metal tube to form a high-pressure air path.

[0013] Preferably, a hollow tube is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate, the hollow tube passing through the metal tube and the driven gear, and rotatably connected to both; the bottom end of the hollow tube extends into the conical extrusion block and a heating rod is fixedly installed thereon; a temperature controller is installed at the top of the top plate, the temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating rod through an internal wire, the wire is housed inside the hollow tube, and the heating temperature can be precisely controlled to achieve the thermal drying treatment of sludge.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom side of the conical extrusion block is provided with multiple gas injection holes in an annular shape, and the top of the conical extrusion block is provided with a top slope, which facilitates the rapid introduction of sludge into the extrusion area, while high-pressure gas can be uniformly sprayed out through the gas injection holes.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the sewage collection tank is connected to a drain pipe, and a valve is installed on the drain pipe to facilitate the periodic discharge of collected sewage; the top of the sewage collection tank is connected to a gas filtration assembly; the gas filtration assembly includes a filter tube, the bottom of which is connected to the sewage collection tank, an annular limiting member is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter tube, and an internal threaded cap is threadedly connected to the top of the filter tube. A filter element is clamped between the annular limiting member and the internal threaded cap, and multiple exhaust holes are opened on the top of the internal threaded cap to filter and purify the exhaust gas and prevent environmental pollution.

[0016] This invention also proposes a method for using a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction, comprising the following steps: S1: After the equipment is powered on and connected to the controller, the sludge generated during water conservancy construction is introduced into the drying cylinder through the funnel-shaped inlet and feed port, falling into the extrusion area between the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component and the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component. The servo motor drives the power shaft and the drive gear to rotate, and the drive gear meshes with and drives the driven gear to rotate at a reduced speed. The driven gear drives the metal tube and the conical extrusion block to rotate synchronously. The spiral blades on the outside of the conical extrusion block rotate against the inclined inner wall of the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component, continuously extruding, rubbing, and conveying the sludge downwards. The water in the sludge is squeezed and flows into the water accumulation chamber through the dewatering holes, completing the solid-liquid separation. The dewatered and dried sludge flows downwards along the straight cylinder and is finally discharged outwards through the sludge extrusion pipe.

[0017] S2: High-Pressure Air Cushion Anti-Clogging Self-Cleaning Process; While the power shaft rotates, it drives the bottom fan to rotate at high speed. Outside air enters the air duct through the air inlet at the top of the duct, and is then guided into the pressure cylinder through the connecting pipe to form a high-pressure airflow. The high-pressure airflow enters the metal tube cavity through the air inlet on the outside of the metal tube, and is finally evenly sprayed out through multiple gas injection holes on the bottom side of the conical extrusion block. The high-pressure airflow forms a pulsating air cushion flowing in the same direction between the conical extrusion block and the sludge. This not only prevents highly viscous sludge from adhering to the extrusion components and assists in the rapid separation of water from the dewatering holes, but also purges the inner wall of the dewatering holes with air pressure, effectively preventing sludge from clogging the holes and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0018] S3: Heating and drying process; During operation, the heating rod is powered on and heated by the temperature controller. The heating rod heats the internal cavity of the conical extrusion block, and the conical extrusion block is heated as a whole through heat conduction, which heats and dries the sludge in contact with it. At the same time, the high-pressure airflow is heated and heated to form a high-temperature airflow. The dual heating structure greatly improves the sludge drying efficiency, thoroughly reduces the moisture content of the sludge, and meets the sludge drying treatment standards for water conservancy construction.

[0019] S4: Wastewater and exhaust gas treatment process; the wastewater separated by compression flows into the wastewater collection tank through the water accumulation chamber and drain pipe, and can be discharged periodically by opening the valve on the drain pipe; the gas overflowing from the equipment enters the wastewater collection tank through the pipeline, flows upward through the filter element inside the filter tube, and is discharged from the exhaust hole at the top of the internal threaded cover after filtration and purification, effectively filtering dust and odors and avoiding exhaust gas pollution of the construction environment.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the sludge drying machine and method for treating hydraulic construction sludge described in this invention are as follows: 1. By using a conical extrusion block combined with a high-torque reduction transmission structure, the purpose of continuous deep mechanical extrusion dewatering of high-viscosity sludge is achieved, thereby improving the efficiency of sludge solid-liquid separation.

[0021] 2. By synchronously spraying high-pressure hot air to form an air cushion, the extrusion components are prevented from sticking and the dehydration holes are automatically purged to prevent clogging, ensuring uninterrupted continuous operation of the equipment.

[0022] 3. By simultaneously heating the extrusion block and the jet airflow with the built-in heating rod, the purpose of mechanical extrusion and hot air combined drying is achieved, effectively reducing the moisture content of the discharged sludge.

[0023] 4. By using a matching sewage collection box and gas filtration components, the purpose of centralized sewage collection and exhaust gas filtration and purification can be achieved, thus avoiding secondary pollution of water, soil and air at the construction site.

[0024] 5. The detachable inner wall cleaning component rotates synchronously with the main shaft, achieving automatic sludge scraping and cleaning of the inner wall of the drying drum, which greatly reduces manual maintenance costs and downtime.

[0025] This invention achieves efficient dewatering of sludge through a high-torque extrusion structure, combined with a high-pressure air cushion to prevent sticking and clogging, ensuring continuous operation; it uses a heating structure to form a combined extrusion and hot air drying process, significantly reducing the water content of the sludge; it achieves clean discharge through a wastewater collection and gas filtration structure; and it is equipped with a rotatable wall scraper component to automatically clean the cylinder wall, effectively reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the structure of a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying cylinder, sludge extrusion plate dewatering component, and sewage collection tank proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the drying cylinder and sewage collection box proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is an internal structural diagram of the drying cylinder, sludge extrusion plate dewatering component, and sewage collection box proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of part A of a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing cap, dewatering power mechanism, and sludge squeezing disc dewatering component proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge extrusion disc dewatering component proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a bottom view of the sludge extrusion disc dewatering component proposed in this invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing cap, feed inlet, flared mouth, dehydration power mechanism and related parts proposed in this invention; Figure 12 This is a bottom view of the sealing cap, feed inlet, flared mouth, dehydration power mechanism and related parts proposed in this invention. Figure 13 This is a side view of the sealing cap, feed inlet, flared mouth, dehydration power mechanism, and related parts proposed in this invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the sealing cap, feed inlet, flared mouth, dehydration power mechanism and related parts proposed in this invention; Figure 15This is an enlarged view of part B of a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the internal wall cleaning component proposed in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Drying cylinder; 11. Support leg; 12. Sealing cover; 121. Feed inlet; 122. Flared mouth; 123. Top plate; 124. Temperature controller; 13. Drain pipe; 14. Sludge extrusion pipe; 2. Sewage collection tank; 21. Sewage discharge pipe; 22. Valve; 3. Gas filtration assembly; 31. Filter pipe; 32. Annular limit component; 33. Filter element; 34. Internal threaded cover; 35. Exhaust port; 4. Dehydration power mechanism; 41. Servo motor; 42. Power shaft; 43. Air duct; 431. Air inlet; 44. Air pressure cylinder; 441. Air inlet; 45. Metal pipe; 46. Hollow pipe; 47. Heating rod; 48. Passive gear; 49. Driving gear; 410. Fan; 411. Connecting pipe; 5. Sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component; 51. Dewatering hole; 52. Straight cylinder; 53. Water accumulation chamber; 6. Sludge squeezing moving plate dewatering component; 61. Conical squeezing block; 62. Spiral blade; 63. Gas injection hole; 64. Top slope; 65. Connecting hole; 7. Inner wall cleaning component; 71. Sleeve; 72. Horizontal support rod; 73. Arc-shaped scraper; 74. Locking bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this embodiment, and not all embodiments.

[0029] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-15A sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction includes a drying cylinder 1. Three support legs 11 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying cylinder 1. A sealing cover 12 is fixedly installed at the top of the drying cylinder 1 by screws. A feed inlet 121 is connected to the top side of the sealing cover 12, and a funnel-shaped opening 122 is connected to the top of the feed inlet 121. A dewatering power mechanism 4 is installed on the sealing cover 12. A sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1. The inner wall of the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 is inclined. A straight cylinder 52 is connected to the bottom of the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 and is fixedly installed on the drying cylinder. The bottom inner wall of the drying cylinder 1 has a sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 and a straight cylinder 52 that are integrally cast and form a water accumulation cavity 53 together with the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1. The water accumulation cavity 53 is connected to a drain pipe 13, and the bottom end of the drain pipe 13 is connected to a sewage collection tank 2. The bottom of the dewatering power mechanism 4 is equipped with a sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 6, which works in conjunction with the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 to mechanically extrude and dewater the introduced sludge. The bottom of the sealing cover 12 is connected to a sludge extrusion pipe 14, which is connected to the inside of the straight cylinder 52 to discharge the dewatered and dried sludge.

[0030] Specifically, the three support legs 11 at the bottom of the drying cylinder 1 ensure stable landing of the entire machine; the upper end of the drying cylinder 1 is sealed with a sealing cover 12, and the top of the sealing cover 12 is connected to the feed inlet 121 and the flared mouth 122 in sequence, which facilitates the rapid input of sludge into the equipment.

[0031] The sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 is fixedly and inclinedly arranged in the inner cavity of the drying cylinder 1. The lower end of the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 is integrally formed into a straight cylinder 52. The two components together with the cylinder wall of the drying cylinder 1 form a closed water accumulation chamber 53. The water accumulation chamber 53 is connected to the sewage collection box 2 through the drain pipe 13 to collect the extruded sewage.

[0032] Reference Figures 8-10 In this embodiment, the inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component 5 is uniformly provided with a plurality of dewatering holes 51; the sludge squeezing moving plate dewatering component 6 includes a conical squeezing block 61, which has a hollow cavity structure. A spiral blade 62 is fixedly provided on the inclined surface of the bottom side of the conical squeezing block 61. The spiral blade 62 is closely fitted with the inclined inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component 5, and can continuously squeeze and convey the sludge downward during rotation to achieve continuous dewatering operation.

[0033] Reference Figures 8-10 , Figure 14 , Figure 15In this embodiment, the dehydration power mechanism 4 includes a metal tube 45, which is rotatably mounted at the center of the sealing cover 12 via a bearing. The top of the conical extrusion block 61 is provided with a connecting hole 65, and the bottom end of the metal tube 45 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole 65 to achieve synchronous power transmission and ensure stable rotation of the conical extrusion block.

[0034] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 15 In this embodiment, a passive gear 48 is fixedly installed at the top of the metal tube 45, a top plate 123 is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing cover 12, a servo motor 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 123, a power shaft 42 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor 41, and an active gear 49 is fixedly installed on the outside of the power shaft 42. The active gear 49 and the passive gear 48 mesh with each other. The diameter of the passive gear 48 is eight times the diameter of the active gear 49, forming a speed reduction transmission structure, improving the extrusion torque, and ensuring the sludge extrusion and dewatering effect.

[0035] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 15 In this embodiment, a fan duct 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover 12, and a fan 410 is fixedly installed inside the fan duct 43 at the bottom end of the power shaft 42. An air inlet 431 is opened on the top of the fan duct 43. A pneumatic cylinder 44 is also fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover 12. A metal pipe 45 is rotatably connected to the pneumatic cylinder 44 through a sealed bearing. Multiple air inlets 441 are opened on the outside of the metal pipe 45, and all of them are located inside the pneumatic cylinder 44. A connecting pipe 411 connects the pneumatic cylinder 44 and the fan duct 43, which can pressurize the outside air and introduce it into the metal pipe to form a high-pressure air path.

[0036] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 15 In this embodiment, a hollow tube 46 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 123. The hollow tube 46 passes through the metal tube 45 and rotates with the driven gear 48, and is rotatably connected to both. The bottom end of the hollow tube 46 extends into the conical extrusion block 61 and a heating rod 47 is fixedly installed thereon. A temperature controller 124 is installed at the top of the top plate 123. The temperature controller 124 is electrically connected to the heating rod 47 through a built-in wire. The wire is housed inside the hollow tube 46, which can precisely control the heating temperature and realize the thermal drying treatment of sludge.

[0037] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 9 In this embodiment, the bottom side of the conical extrusion block 61 is provided with a plurality of gas injection holes 63, and the top of the conical extrusion block 61 is provided with a top slope 64, which facilitates the rapid introduction of sludge into the extrusion area, while high-pressure gas can be uniformly sprayed out through the gas injection holes.

[0038] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 In this embodiment, a sewage collection tank 2 has a sewage pipe 21 connected to its bottom side, and a valve 22 is installed on the sewage pipe 21 to facilitate the periodic discharge of collected sewage. A gas filtration assembly 3 is connected to the top of the sewage collection tank 2. The gas filtration assembly 3 includes a filter pipe 31, the bottom of which is connected to the sewage collection tank 2. An annular limiting member 32 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter pipe 31. An internal threaded cap 34 is threadedly connected to the top of the filter pipe 31. A filter element 33 is clamped between the annular limiting member 32 and the internal threaded cap 34. Multiple exhaust holes 35 are opened on the top of the internal threaded cap 34 to filter and purify the exhaust gas and prevent environmental pollution.

[0039] This invention also proposes a method for using a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction, comprising the following steps: S1: Feeding guidance and grading extrusion dewatering process; After the equipment is powered on and started, the high-viscosity hydraulic sludge to be treated is quickly introduced into the feed inlet 121 through the large-diameter trumpet-shaped opening 122 at the top. The trumpet-shaped opening structure can avoid sludge bridging and blockage, ensuring uniform and stable feeding. The sludge continuously falls into the annular extrusion cavity between the drying cylinder 1 and the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5 and the conical extrusion block 61. The servo motor 41 serves as the active power source, precisely driving the power shaft 42 and the outer active gear 49 to rotate at high speed; the active gear 49 meshes with the passive gear 48, which has a diameter eight times that of the active gear, forming a large reduction ratio to reduce speed and increase torque, so that the metal tube 45 and the conical extrusion block 61 rotate stably at low speed and high torque. The spiral blades 62 on the outer side of the conical extrusion block 61 rotate against the inclined inner wall of the sludge extrusion plate dewatering component 5, creating a combined effect of continuous extrusion, shearing, and downward conveying of the sludge within the cavity. This forces the free water and interstitial water inside the sludge to rapidly precipitate out. The precipitated water quickly permeates through the dense dewatering holes 51 on the inner wall of the plate and collects inside the outer water accumulation chamber 53, achieving efficient solid-liquid separation of the sludge. The dewatered solid sludge is continuously pushed downwards along the straight cylinder 52 by the spiral blades 62 and is finally continuously discharged through the sludge extrusion pipe 14, completing the mechanized continuous dewatering operation.

[0040] S2: Air pressure supply, air cushion isolation, and automatic anti-blocking and self-cleaning process; While the equipment is extruding, the power shaft 42 synchronously drives the bottom fan 410 to rotate at high speed. The fan 410 creates negative pressure suction inside the air duct 43, and ambient air quickly enters the air duct 43 cavity through the air inlet 431 at the top of the air duct and forms initial air pressure; the high-pressure airflow is smoothly introduced into the air pressure cylinder 44 through the connecting pipe 411 to store and stabilize the pressure. The air pressure cylinder 44 has a closed cavity structure, which can stabilize the air pressure and avoid airflow pulsation and instability. The high-pressure gas further enters the internal air passage of the hollow metal tube 45 through multiple sets of air inlets 441 on the outer wall of the metal tube 45, and is finally ejected directionally from the gas injection holes 63 evenly distributed on the bottom side of the conical extrusion block 61. The jet airflow forms a uniform, downward-flowing pulsating air cushion between the outer wall of the conical extrusion block and the sludge contact surface, which can completely isolate the highly viscous sludge from the metal extrusion surface, preventing sludge adhesion, accumulation, and layering. At the same time, the high-speed airflow continuously blows through the 51 dewatering holes, blowing away the fine sludge particles stuck in the holes, clearing the water permeability channels in real time, and achieving automatic cleaning of the dewatering holes throughout the process. This avoids problems such as hole blockage, water accumulation, and dewatering failure from the root, ensuring long-term continuous operation of the equipment.

[0041] S3: Built-in heating, heat conduction, and hot air-assisted drying process; during equipment operation, the operator can precisely control the working temperature and start / stop status of the heating rod 47 through the top temperature controller 124; the heating rod 47 is independently powered through the built-in wires in the hollow tube 46. The hollow tube 46 rotates relative to the rotating metal tube 45 and the driven gear 48, which can prevent wire entanglement and wear, and ensure circuit safety and stability. The heating rod 47 is located at the center of the inner cavity of the conical extrusion block 61. After being powered on, it heats up rapidly. Through metal heat conduction, the entire conical extrusion block 61 is heated evenly. The high temperature of the outer wall directly contacts the sludge under extrusion, heating and vaporizing the bound water inside the sludge; at the same time, the high-pressure airflow flowing through the inside of the metal tube 45 surrounds the heating rod 47, which is fully heated by heat exchange, and becomes high-temperature hot air, which is finally sprayed out through the injection hole 63. The equipment forms a three-in-one composite drying mechanism of "metal surface heat conduction drying + high temperature hot air convection drying + mechanical extrusion dehydration", which greatly breaks down the water-holding structure of sludge, significantly reduces the moisture content of sludge output, and improves the degree of sludge drying.

[0042] S4: Wastewater centralized collection and exhaust gas filtration and purification discharge process; the water extracted from the sludge is uniformly collected into the water accumulation chamber 53 and then centrally introduced into the wastewater collection tank 2 through the bottom-connected drain pipe 13 for storage, realizing centralized wastewater collection and avoiding seepage and overflow pollution at the construction site; the bottom of the wastewater collection tank 2 is equipped with a sewage pipe 21 with a valve 22, which can discharge sewage centrally as needed, making management convenient. Water vapor, dust, and odorous gases generated during equipment operation enter the wastewater collection tank 2 simultaneously through the pipeline and enter the gas filter assembly 3 upwards; after the gas is adsorbed, filtered, and purified by the filter element 33 in the middle section of the filter pipe 31, impurities, odors, and dust are intercepted, and clean gas is evenly discharged from multiple sets of exhaust holes 35 on the top of the internal threaded cover 34, effectively avoiding secondary pollution in the construction area and meeting environmental protection construction requirements.

[0043] Example 2: Reference Figure 16 Example 2 is the same as Example 1 in the rest, except that: an inner wall cleaning component 7 is fitted on the outside of the metal tube 45. The inner wall cleaning component 7 includes a sleeve 71, which is fitted on the outside of the metal tube 45. A locking bolt 74 is threaded onto the outside of the sleeve 71, which can lock and fix the sleeve 71 to the outside of the metal tube 45. A transverse support rod 72 is fixedly installed on the outside of the sleeve 71, and an arc-shaped scraper 73 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the transverse support rod 72. The arc-shaped scraper 73 fits tightly against the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1. When the metal tube 45 rotates, it can drive the sleeve 71, the transverse support rod 72 and the arc-shaped scraper 73 to rotate synchronously, scraping and cleaning the sludge adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 1, preventing the sludge from accumulating and clumping on the inner wall. This maintains unobstructed working space inside the cylinder and reduces the frequency of manual disassembly and cleaning.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this practice, but the scope of protection of this embodiment is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this embodiment, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this embodiment, should be covered within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction, comprising a drying cylinder (1), wherein three support legs (11) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying cylinder (1), and a sealing cover (12) is fixedly installed at the top of the drying cylinder (1) by screws, wherein a feed inlet (121) is connected to the top of the sealing cover (12), and a flared opening (122) is connected to the top of the feed inlet (121); characterized in that, Also includes: A dehydration power mechanism (4) is installed on a sealing cover (12); a sludge extrusion plate dehydration component (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drying cylinder (1), and the inner wall of the sludge extrusion plate dehydration component (5) is inclined; a straight cylinder (52) is connected to the bottom of the sludge extrusion plate dehydration component (5), and the straight cylinder (52) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the drying cylinder (1). The sludge extrusion plate dehydration component (5) and the straight cylinder (52) are integrally cast and enclose the drying cylinder (1). A water accumulation chamber (53) is formed; the water accumulation chamber (53) is connected to a drain pipe (13), and the drain pipe (13) is connected to a sewage collection tank (2); the bottom of the dewatering power mechanism (4) is equipped with a sludge squeezing moving disc dewatering component (6), which cooperates with the sludge squeezing fixed disc dewatering component (5) to dewater and squeeze the sludge; the bottom of the sealing cover (12) is connected to a sludge extrusion pipe (14), which is connected to the straight cylinder (52).

2. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component (5) is provided with multiple dewatering holes (51); the sludge squeezing moving plate dewatering component (6) includes a conical squeezing block (61), the conical squeezing block (61) is a hollow structure, and a spiral blade (62) is fixedly provided on the bottom inclined surface of the conical squeezing block (61), the spiral blade (62) cooperates with the inner wall of the sludge squeezing fixed plate dewatering component (5).

3. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The dehydration power mechanism (4) includes a metal tube (45), which is rotatably mounted on the center of the sealing cover (12) via a bearing; a connecting hole (65) is provided on the top of the conical extrusion block (61), and the metal tube (45) is fixedly installed with the connecting hole (65).

4. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A passive gear (48) is fixedly installed at the top of the metal tube (45); a top plate (123) is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing cover (12), a servo motor (41) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate (123), a power shaft (42) is installed on the output shaft of the servo motor (41), and an active gear (49) is fixedly installed on the outside of the power shaft (42). The active gear (49) meshes with the passive gear (48), and the diameter of the passive gear (48) is eight times the diameter of the active gear (49).

5. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A duct (43) is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover (12), and a fan (410) is installed at the bottom end of the power shaft (42) inside the duct (43). An air inlet (431) is opened on the top of the duct (43). A pneumatic cylinder (44) is also fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cover (12). The metal pipe (45) and the pneumatic cylinder (44) are rotatably connected by a sealed bearing. Multiple air inlets (441) are opened on the outside of the metal pipe (45), and the air inlets (441) are all located inside the pneumatic cylinder (44). A connecting pipe (411) connects the pneumatic cylinder (44) and the duct (43).

6. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A hollow tube (46) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate (123). The hollow tube (46) passes through the metal tube (45) and is rotatably connected to the metal tube (45) and the driven gear (48). The bottom end of the hollow tube (46) extends into the conical extrusion block (61) and is equipped with a heating rod (47). A temperature controller (124) is installed at the top of the top plate (123). The temperature controller (124) is electrically connected to the heating rod (47) through a wire, which is arranged inside the hollow tube (46).

7. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conical extrusion block (61) has multiple gas injection holes (63) on its bottom side and a top slope (64) on its top.

8. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the sewage collection tank (2) is connected to a sewage pipe (21), and a valve (22) is installed on the sewage pipe (21); the top of the sewage collection tank (2) is connected to a gas filter assembly (3); the gas filter assembly (3) includes a filter pipe (31), the bottom of the filter pipe (31) is connected to the sewage collection tank (2); an annular limiting member (32) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter pipe (31), and an internal threaded cap (34) is threadedly connected to the top of the filter pipe (31); a filter element (33) is provided between the annular limiting member (32) and the internal threaded cap (34), and multiple exhaust holes (35) are opened on the top of the internal threaded cap (34).

9. The sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The metal tube (45) is fitted with an inner wall cleaning component (7); the inner wall cleaning component (7) includes a sleeve (71), which is fitted on the outside of the metal tube (45). A locking bolt (74) is threaded on the outside of the sleeve (71), and the locking bolt (74) locks the sleeve (71) to the outside of the metal tube (45). A transverse support rod (72) is installed on the outside of the sleeve (71), and an arc-shaped scraper (73) is installed at the outer end of the transverse support rod (72). The arc-shaped scraper (73) is in contact with the inner wall of the drying cylinder (1).

10. A method for using a sludge drying machine for water conservancy construction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: After the equipment is connected to the power supply and controller, the silt generated by the water conservancy construction is introduced into the drying cylinder (1) through the horn mouth (122) and the feed inlet (121), and falls into the squeezing area between the silt squeezing fixed plate dewatering component (5) and the silt squeezing moving plate dewatering component (6); the servo motor (41) drives the power shaft (42) and the active gear (49) to rotate, the active gear (49) meshes and drives the passive gear (48) to decelerate and rotate, and the passive gear (48) drives the metal tube (45) and the conical squeezing block (61) to rotate synchronously; the spiral blade (62) on the outside of the conical squeezing block (61) fits against the inclined inner wall of the silt squeezing fixed plate dewatering component (5) and rotates, continuously squeezing, rubbing and conveying the silt downwards. After being squeezed, the water in the silt flows into the water accumulation chamber (53) through the dewatering hole (51) to complete the solid-liquid separation; the dewatered dried silt flows downwards along the straight cylinder (52) and is finally discharged outwards through the silt extrusion pipe (14); S2: High-pressure air cushion anti-clogging self-cleaning process; while the power shaft (42) rotates, it drives the bottom fan (410) to rotate at high speed. Outside air enters the air duct (43) through the air inlet (431) at the top of the air duct (43) and is introduced into the air pressure cylinder (44) through the connecting pipe (411) to form a high-pressure airflow; the high-pressure airflow enters the metal tube (45) cavity through the air inlet (441) on the outside of the metal tube (45) and is finally sprayed out evenly by multiple gas injection holes (63) on the bottom side of the conical extrusion block (61); the high-pressure airflow forms a pulsating air cushion with the same direction of flow between the conical extrusion block (61) and the sludge, which can not only prevent the high viscosity sludge from adhering to the extrusion parts and assist the water to be separated from the dewatering hole (51) quickly, but also blow the inner wall of the dewatering hole (51) with air pressure, effectively preventing the sludge from clogging the hole and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment; S3: Heating and drying process; During the operation, the heating rod (47) is powered on and heated by the temperature controller (124). The heating rod (47) heats the internal cavity of the conical extrusion block (61). The conical extrusion block (61) is heated as a whole by heat conduction, and the sludge in contact is heated and dried. At the same time, the high-pressure airflow is heated and heated to form a high-temperature airflow. The dual heating structure greatly improves the sludge drying efficiency, thoroughly reduces the sludge moisture content, and meets the sludge drying treatment standards for water conservancy construction. S4: Wastewater and exhaust gas treatment process; the wastewater separated by compression flows into the wastewater collection tank (2) through the water accumulation chamber (53) and the drain pipe (13), and can be discharged periodically by opening the valve (22) on the drain pipe (21); the gas overflowing from the equipment enters the wastewater collection tank (2) through the pipeline, flows upward through the filter element (33) inside the filter pipe (31), and is discharged from the exhaust hole (35) at the top of the inner threaded cover (34) after filtration and purification, effectively filtering dust and odor, and avoiding exhaust gas pollution of the construction environment.

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