A method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation

Abstract

The application relates to a method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation in the technical field of agricultural waste resource utilization, and comprises the following steps: performing solid-liquid separation treatment on chicken manure; uniformly mixing the chicken manure, crushed corncob, matured organic fertilizer return material and a composite microbial agent according to certain proportions, adjusting the moisture content of the mixed material to 50-60%, the pH value to 6-8 and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:1, wherein the composite microbial agent comprises bacillus velezensis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, mesophilic actinomycete, geobacillus subterraneus and geobacillus stearothermophilus; and performing aerobic composting fermentation on the mixed material in a sectional fermentation tank by adopting a chain plate type turning machine. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation can realize rapid maturation of chicken manure, efficient conversion of nutrients and high-value production of organic fertilizer, and has technical innovation, operability and scale promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural waste resource utilization technology, and in particular to a method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation. Background Technology

[0002] While my country's chicken farming industry has developed rapidly towards intensification and large-scale operations, the conflict between this and environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent. According to incomplete statistics, my country produces approximately 900 million cubic meters of chicken manure annually. 8 If not treated promptly and effectively, chicken manure will cause serious pollution to the ecological environment. However, chicken manure is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and other organic matter, and if it can be rationally and effectively utilized, it will be an invaluable source of organic fertilizer. However, its high moisture content, usually 75%–85%, low C / N ratio, and high content of pathogens and insect eggs make direct application prone to causing seedling burn and disease transmission. Traditional composting methods rely on natural fermentation, which takes 3–6 months, resulting in severe odor dissipation and nutrient loss exceeding 40%. Currently, the industry recognizes mechanical air drying and fermentation composting as better methods for treating chicken manure. The principle of mechanical air drying is to utilize the residual air in the chicken house, assisted by electric heating, for tiered air drying. This can quickly reduce the moisture content of chicken manure and recycle the residual air in the chicken house, making it a more popular method for the clean utilization of chicken manure in recent years. However, for farmers, this method is energy-intensive, with high operating costs and equipment investment. There are many types of fermentation composting methods, including tower fermentation tanks, drum fermentation tanks, windrow composting, and membrane composting. Among them, tower fermentation tanks have the advantages of small footprint and low secondary pollution, but they have poor material compatibility and are only suitable for fermentation systems with low viscosity and low solid content. They also have weak mixing ability, high initial investment, and are difficult to operate and manage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation, comprising the following steps: S1. Solid-liquid separation treatment of chicken manure; S2. Mix chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material and compound microbial agent in a certain proportion, adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 50-60%, pH value to 6-8, and carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:1. The compound microbial agent includes Bacillus belye, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, Bacillus hygroscopicus, and Bacillus thermophilus. S3. In the segmented fermentation tank, a chain plate turner is used to carry out aerobic composting fermentation of the mixture.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the Bacillus belyes is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection, located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020150. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens described is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020153. The intermediate thermophilic actinomycete is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on November 21, 2025, with accession number CCTCC NO: M20252654. The *Bacillus hygroscopicus* is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020151. The thermophilic Bacillus is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 6, 2024, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2024864.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the chain plate turning machine includes a turning component, a lateral moving device, a longitudinal moving device, an electrical control system, and a hydraulic system; the longitudinal moving device is used to drive the turning component to reciprocate along the length of the segmented fermentation tank; the lateral moving device is used to drive the turning component to reciprocate along the width of the segmented fermentation tank; the hydraulic system is used to drive the turning component to move vertically up and down and reciprocate within the segmented fermentation tank; and the electrical control system is used to realize the operation logic control and power coordination scheduling of all mechanisms of the chain plate turning machine.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the segmented fermentation tank includes a high-temperature degradation zone and a composting zone, in which the mixed material is sequentially subjected to heating sterilization, decomposition and preliminary composting in the high-temperature degradation zone and the composting zone.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the mixture completes the primary fermentation in a segmented fermentation tank, it is transferred to an aging workshop for composting for 4-6 days to obtain composted material.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composted material has the following characteristics: the total nutrient mass fraction (N, P2O5 and K2O) is ≥5%, organic matter is ≥45%, moisture content is ≤30%, pH is 6.0-8.0, fecal coliform count is ≤100 CFU / g, ascarid egg mortality rate is ≥95%, seed germination index is ≥90%, and nitrogen retention rate is ≥92%.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the segmented fermentation tank further includes a pretreatment zone, in which the chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material, and compound microbial agent are uniformly mixed.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite microbial agent is in liquid or powder form.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the segmented fermentation tank is provided with a fish raft-type ventilation pipe, and a high-pressure centrifugal fan connected to the fish raft-type ventilation pipe is provided outside the segmented fermentation tank.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, in a segmented fermentation tank, the fermentation process parameters of the mixture are monitored by an online monitoring system, and the real-time fermentation process parameters are compared with the preset fermentation process parameters by an intelligent control system, and turning and ventilation operations are performed.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following technical effects: 1. Dual-core collaborative innovation to solve the adaptation problem: This invention breaks through the traditional independent operation mode of equipment and microbial agents, and creates a collaborative system that precisely links the metabolic needs of microorganisms with the working conditions of turning and turning equipment. The fermentation rhythm is set according to the metabolic law of microbial agents, and the fermentation environment is regulated by the operation of equipment, forming a synergistic and efficiency-enhancing cycle. This solves the pain point of the disconnect between equipment and microbial agents in the industry and achieves substantial technological innovation.

[0015] 2. Significantly improves fermentation efficiency and production capacity: This invention adopts a segmented synergistic fermentation process, which greatly reduces the fermentation cycle, effectively improves site turnover efficiency and waste treatment capacity, and is more adaptable to the needs of large-scale and continuous production.

[0016] 3. Enhanced harmlessness and pollution reduction effects: This invention achieves high-temperature stable fermentation and synergistic control of pollutants, reaching higher levels in pathogen inactivation, odor reduction, antibiotic degradation and heavy metal passivation, significantly improving environmental friendliness and product safety.

[0017] 4. Intelligent production management and control with a high degree of standardization: This invention integrates the Internet of Things and AI intelligent management and control system to monitor fermentation parameters in real time, automatically regulate the entire production process, realize unmanned and standardized operation, solve the problems of large errors in manual management and unstable product quality, and facilitate large-scale replication and promotion.

[0018] 5. Improved nutrient conversion efficiency and high product value: This invention significantly improves the effective nutrient conversion efficiency, enabling the customized production of specialized organic fertilizers for crops, helping to increase crop yields. The quality, efficacy, and added value of the organic fertilizer products far exceed those of conventional products.

[0019] 6. This invention focuses on equipment optimization, microbial agent customization, and process synergy. It aims to achieve efficient utilization of chicken manure resources, improved quality and efficiency of organic fertilizer, and zero emissions of livestock pollution. It connects the entire chain from strain screening and breeding to microbial agent formulation development, turning equipment modification, collaborative process debugging, intelligent management and control, industrial production, and integrated crop-livestock application. This enables rapid composting of chicken manure, efficient nutrient conversion, and high-value production of organic fertilizer, while taking into account technological innovation, practicality, and large-scale promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chain plate type turning and turning machine of the present invention.

[0022] The labels in the attached diagram represent the following: 1. Turning and turning component; 2. Lateral moving device; 3. Longitudinal moving device; 4. Electrical control system; 5. Hydraulic system; 6. Segmented fermentation tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0024] With the continuous improvement of the scale and intensification of livestock and poultry farming in my country, the amount of livestock waste such as chicken manure is constantly increasing. Chicken manure is a good organic fertilizer, but untreated chicken manure cannot be directly applied to farmland as organic fertilizer due to a series of problems such as the presence of pathogens, easy decomposition and loss of nutrients reducing its fertilizer efficiency, and inconvenience in transportation and storage. Randomly piling up chicken manure can easily cause problems such as foul odor pollution, the spread of pathogens, and agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0025] The state's vigorous promotion of integrated crop-livestock agriculture, the reduction and efficiency improvement of chemical fertilizers, and the substitution of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers has placed urgent and stringent demands on the harmless treatment and efficient resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. Developing economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly technologies for preparing organic fertilizer from chicken manure has become an inevitable trend in the industry. Chicken manure itself is characterized by high moisture content, high viscosity, easy clumping, high nitrogen content, and rich in pathogens and parasite eggs. Existing mainstream treatment processes all have significant shortcomings. Tower fermenters are prone to problems such as tower blockage, arching, fermentation dead zones, and uneven composting when processing such high-moisture and high-viscosity materials. Furthermore, the equipment investment and operating costs are high. Mechanical air drying relies solely on physical heating for dehydration, which not only consumes huge amounts of energy but also causes significant losses of organic matter and nitrogen, failing to complete the biological composting and harmless treatment process. Traditional natural composting also suffers from drawbacks such as long fermentation cycles, heavy odor pollution, and unstable composting levels.

[0026] Aerobic composting technology utilizes composting equipment under aerobic conditions and the action of aerobic microorganisms to stabilize and render harmless organic waste, transforming it into high-quality organic fertilizer that is beneficial for soil improvement and crop growth. With a deeper understanding of this technology, some chicken farms across my country have begun engineering practices of aerobic composting of chicken manure, such as using trough fermentation methods, achieving some success. However, problems remain, including rudimentary composting equipment, poorly designed turning equipment, low automation levels, and large footprints in the fermentation troughs. These issues have, to some extent, dampened the enthusiasm for large-scale, on-site composting of chicken manure in chicken-farming areas.

[0027] To address the inherent shortcomings of mechanical air drying, such as high energy consumption, significant nutrient loss, and high environmental risks, as well as the poor adaptability of tower fermentation tanks to high-moisture and high-viscosity chicken manure materials, easy tank blockage, and high investment, this invention proposes a process method that uses a chain plate turning machine combined with a high-efficiency compound microbial agent to treat chicken manure, achieving rapid composting and harmless preparation of commercial organic fertilizer. The core objective is to completely solve the pain points of uneven mixing, incomplete composting, excessive energy consumption, and environmental pollution during the fermentation process of chicken manure through a more robust, energy-saving, and efficient process system.

[0028] This application discloses a method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation includes the following steps: S1. Perform solid-liquid separation treatment on chicken manure.

[0029] S2. Mix chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material and compound microbial agent in a certain proportion. Adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 50-60%, pH value to 6-8, and carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:1. The compound microbial agent includes Bacillus belye, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, Bacillus hygroscopicus, and Bacillus thermophilus.

[0030] S3. In the segmented fermentation tank, a chain plate turner is used to carry out aerobic composting fermentation of the mixture.

[0031] In this invention, chicken manure is first subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment, which can effectively remove water and oil from the material and reduce its moisture or oil content. Then, chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material, and compound microbial agents are mixed evenly in a certain proportion. Bacillus baileyi and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can rapidly heat up the compost pile and degrade proteins. Intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes can inhibit harmful viruses and deodorize. Functional strains such as Bacillus hygrophilus and Bacillus thermophilus can passivate heavy metals and degrade antibiotics. Afterward, aerobic composting fermentation is carried out. The mechanical action of a chain plate turner breaks the binding of chicken manure, achieving uniform turning and deep oxygen supply inside the compost pile, replacing the easily degraded gas in tower fermenters. The circulating fermentation process utilizes the rapid start-up and high-temperature composting characteristics of highly efficient compound microbial agents to replace the energy-intensive mechanical drying process. This not only utilizes the heat generated by the microorganisms' own metabolism to complete biological dehydration, significantly reducing energy consumption, but also rapidly removes odors such as ammonia and methane through the antagonistic and degradation effects of dominant bacterial groups, killing pathogens and parasite eggs. This achieves deep harmlessness and resource utilization of chicken manure, ultimately achieving a highly efficient cycle that completes full composting within 18 days. This reduces the moisture content of the finished organic fertilizer to below 30%, while preserving organic matter and effective nutrients more completely. It not only solves the problems of dead zones in tower fermentation tanks and high energy consumption in mechanical drying equipment, but also produces high-quality organic fertilizer with stable fertilizer effects, safety, and pollution-free properties, and higher commercial value.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, composted organic fertilizer return material, and compound microbial inoculant are mixed evenly according to the following weight proportions: 60-70 parts chicken manure, 15-25 parts crushed corn cobs, 10-15 parts composted return material, and 0.1-0.3 parts compound microbial inoculant. This mixture is most conducive to aerobic fermentation. The proportions are mainly based on the following: first, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:1 to meet the needs of aerobic microbial reproduction and metabolism; second, adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 50%-60% to meet the optimal moisture range for aerobic fermentation; third, corn cobs increase the porosity of the material, improve air permeability and oxygen supply; composted return material can optimize the microbial community structure, reduce the bulk density of the material, and play a role in inoculation, aiding in composting, and buffering and regulating; and the inoculant directly supplements highly efficient functional microorganisms, accelerates the temperature rise and composting, and reduces the generation of foul odors.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, taking into account the special material characteristics of chicken manure and following the laws of microbial metabolism and the principle of symbiosis of microbial communities, the present invention adopts a technical path of targeted screening → functional compounding → dosage form optimization to develop and produce highly efficient compound microbial agents.

[0034] Specifically, in this invention, specific functional strains that are heat-resistant, protein-degrading, deodorizing, and antibiotic-degrading are first screened from well-rotted chicken manure, soil, and high-temperature composting environments. These strains include different bacterial groups such as Bacillus, Actinomycetes, and yeasts. By utilizing the synergistic metabolic effects among microorganisms, a functionally complementary composite bacterial community system is constructed. Specifically, this system includes Bacillus belye and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which can rapidly raise the temperature of the compost and degrade proteins; intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, which inhibit harmful viruses and deodorize; and functional strains such as Bacillus altissima and Bacillus thermophilus, which can passivate heavy metals and degrade antibiotics.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, each functional strain, such as Bacillus belyssus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, Bacillus hygroscopicus, and Bacillus thermophilicus, has specific application index requirements. The effective viable count of a single strain must be ≥20 billion CFU / g. After being compounded into a compound microbial agent, the total viable count of the compound microbial agent is not less than 10 billion CFU / g. The conventional addition amount is 0.1% to 0.3% based on the total mass of compost material. Under conditions of high oil and high antibiotic residue chicken manure, it can be increased to 0.3% to 0.5%.

[0036] In this invention, the bacterial agents used, such as Bacillus belye, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, Bacillus hygroscopicus, and Bacillus thermophilus, were all independently isolated by Kangyang Microbiology Laboratory.

[0037] Bacillus velezensis (classified name: Bacillus velezensis KY01) is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020150.

[0038] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KY09 is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCCNO:M2020153.

[0039] Intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes (classified as Thermoactinomyces intermedius KY-MS-1) It is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection, located in Wuhan, China, on November 21, 2025, with accession number CCTCC NO:M20252654.

[0040] Bacillus altitudinis KY03 is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020151.

[0041] Geobacillus stearothermophilus KY14 is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), Wuhan, China, on May 6, 2024, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2024864.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the chain plate compost turner includes a turning component 1, a lateral moving device 2, a longitudinal moving device 3, an electrical control system 4, and a hydraulic system 5. This chain plate compost turner is suitable for applications using trough-type aerobic composting fermentation.

[0043] Among them, the longitudinal moving device 3 is used to drive the turning component 1 to move back and forth along the length of the tank on the segmented fermentation tank 6, the transverse moving device 2 is used to drive the turning component 1 to move back and forth along the width of the tank on the segmented fermentation tank 6, the hydraulic system 5 is used to drive the turning component 1 to move up and down and back and forth in the vertical direction in the segmented fermentation tank 6, and the electrical control system 4 is used to realize the operation logic control and power coordination scheduling of each mechanism of the chain plate turning machine.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the longitudinal moving device includes two parallel and spaced-apart tracks. The two tracks are installed on the top of the segmented fermentation tank and arranged along the length of the segmented fermentation tank. A work frame is slidably connected to the two tracks. A turning trolley is installed on the work frame. The turning trolley is slidably connected to the work frame laterally. The turning components and hydraulic system are installed on the turning trolley.

[0045] The working principle of this chain-plate turner is as follows: The entire working frame is mounted on the fermentation tank and can move longitudinally back and forth along the track on the tank. When the working frame reaches the designated turning position, the turning component is slowly lowered to the designated position by hydraulic control. At this time, the turning component (chain plate) begins to rotate continuously and moves forward along the tank with the entire working frame. The turning blades and scrapers of the turning component continuously grab the fermentation material in the tank and obliquely convey it to the rear of the working frame, where it falls freely. The fallen material is then piled up again for fermentation. If a wide tank fermentation is used, the turning trolley moves laterally to the left or right by the width of one chain plate. Under the control of the hydraulic system, the entire turning component is raised to a height that does not interfere with the material, and then lowered into the tank to begin the turning operation of another section of material. After the chain-plate turner completes one stroke of operation along the tank, the entire working frame, along with the turning trolley, retreats to the initial end (discharge end) of the fermentation tank turning operation. Through an electric drive device, the chain-plate turner can realize the lifting and lowering of the drum and drive the rotation of the chain-plate turner drum. The chain plate turning machine is moved from one fermentation tank to another by a transfer vehicle.

[0046] This invention employs a chain-plate compost turner, addressing the problems of uneven turning, insufficient depth, and high energy consumption inherent in traditional compost turners. Following principles of fluid mechanics and mechanical engineering, the core component structure was designed and its parameters optimized, determining the fundamental parameters for turning angle, speed, and depth. This chain-plate compost turner can turn hundreds of cubic meters of material per cycle, with a working width of 3 meters and a depth of 1.8 meters. The composite structure of chain plates and turning teeth thoroughly breaks up clumps, increasing the porosity of the compost pile by 10% and ensuring no dead zones in oxygen supply. The added modular chain plates significantly improve the equipment's wear and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for the high humidity and corrosive environment of chicken manure. The equipment is equipped with an energy-saving drive system, reducing operating energy consumption and meeting the needs of large-scale continuous operation. This provides the fundamental hardware support for ensuring the smooth progress of aerobic microbial fermentation.

[0047] Overall, the chain plate compost turner has a good composting effect. The material in the trough is transported to a higher position by the scraper driven by the chain and then continuously thrown downward and backward by the screw. The material has a large horizontal displacement, which makes the material movement trajectory longer during the turning process. It has a longer and more sufficient contact with air, which not only increases the oxygen supply time of the material, but also facilitates the full replenishment of oxygen, facilitates the dissipation of moisture, and quickly reduces the moisture content of the material. It also keeps the main and auxiliary materials in a uniform state, and the material is not easy to separate into layers, which promotes the rapid completion of aerobic fermentation.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite microbial agent is in the form of a liquid or powder.

[0049] Preferably, the compound microbial agent is in liquid form.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, a microbial agent synchronous spraying device is integrated on the turning and threshing component, so that the turning and threshing operation and the microbial agent application are carried out simultaneously, allowing the microbial agent to be fully mixed with the material, thus solving the problems of uneven manual application and large loss of microbial agent activity.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bacterial solution can be added during the pretreatment process of mixing chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, and composted organic fertilizer return material, or sprayed during turning and turning, to ensure that the bacteria can be quickly activated, colonized and reproduced after being put into the fermentation system. With the life metabolism of microorganisms as the core, the efficient conversion of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in chicken manure is achieved, while completing the harmless treatment of deodorization, sterilization, residue reduction and passivation. This is the core biodynamic for the composting and quality improvement of organic fertilizer.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solid-liquid separation of chicken manure can be completed by a front-end processing system that is matched with a chain plate turner. The front-end processing system performs solid-liquid separation on materials with high water content or high oil content, laying the groundwork for the next step of aerobic composting fermentation.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the segmented fermentation tank is provided with a fish raft-type ventilation pipe, and a high-pressure centrifugal fan connected to the fish raft-type ventilation pipe is provided outside the segmented fermentation tank.

[0054] In this embodiment, the fish raft-type ventilation pipe at the bottom of the fermentation tank is connected to two 3000m... 3 / h high-pressure centrifugal fan (1 in use and 1 on standby) linkage, PLC adjusts oxygen supply in a closed loop according to temperature and oxygen content, oxygen concentration ≥10%, which solves the problem that the equipment hardware cannot meet the basic requirements of aerobic fermentation.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, in a segmented fermentation tank, the fermentation process parameters of the mixture are monitored by an online monitoring system, and the real-time fermentation process parameters are compared with the preset fermentation process parameters by an intelligent control system, and turning and ventilation operations are performed.

[0056] In some embodiments of this invention, an intelligent control platform is established through an intelligent control system and an online monitoring system. Various sensors, IoT devices, and edge computing devices collect environmental and equipment data (such as temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, movement status, and energy consumption) in real time. The AI ​​system automatically adjusts the operation of the turning machine, the amount of inoculant added, and the ventilation volume based on preset collaborative process parameters. The signal is converted and preprocessed by the online monitoring system and then transmitted to the cloud via a wireless network. The data is processed in real time, anomaly monitoring and trend prediction are performed by the analysis platform, and the results can be displayed on a visual dashboard, triggering alarms or automatic control commands. This achieves unmanned and precise control of the entire fermentation process, ensuring the stability and consistency of large-scale production.

[0057] This invention, based on the existing chain-plate composting process, fully explores the physical characteristics of livestock and poultry manure compost materials. It pioneers a synergistic system that precisely links microbial metabolic needs with the operating conditions of the composting equipment. It also includes pre-processing solid-liquid separation of materials, adding crushed corn cobs, and integrating a front-end processing system, intelligent control system, online monitoring system, material sorting system, and automatic packaging system into the original chain-plate composting machine. By optimizing aerobic composting technology, it improves system reliability and reduces operating costs. This invention explores a complete set of equipment and technology for the resource utilization of livestock waste to produce organic fertilizer, suitable for the actual needs of my country's current organic fertilizer industry. It aims to overcome some existing problems in chain-plate composting technology, such as neglecting the role of pre-treatment of fermentation raw materials, unscientific carbon-nitrogen ratio adjustments that create hidden dangers for proper fermentation, and the lack of design and application of a static ventilation and aeration system combined with mechanical composting, resulting in long composting cycles and incomplete decomposition.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the segmented fermentation tank includes a pretreatment zone, a high-temperature degradation zone, and a composting zone. Chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, composted organic fertilizer return material, and compound microbial agents are uniformly mixed in the pretreatment zone. Then, the mixture is subjected to sterilization, decomposition, and preliminary composting in the high-temperature degradation zone and the composting zone.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the C / N ratio of the mixture can be adjusted to 25:1.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixture is placed in a high-temperature degradation zone, where the temperature rises to above 55°C in about 3 days, mainly decomposing cellulose and lignin; the composting zone is the key to stabilizing and improving the quality of compost products, promoting the humification process and optimizing nutrient retention through refined environmental control.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the mixture completes the primary fermentation in a segmented fermentation tank, it is transferred to an aging workshop for composting for 4-6 days to obtain composted material.

[0062] Preferably, after the mixture has undergone preliminary composting, it is further composted in an aging workshop for 5 days.

[0063] The total nutrient mass fraction of the composted material, calculated as N, P2O5 and K2O, is ≥5%, organic matter is ≥45%, moisture is ≤30%, pH is 6.0-8.0, fecal coliforms are ≤100 CFU / g, ascarid egg mortality rate is ≥95%, seed germination index is ≥90%, and nitrogen retention rate is ≥92%.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, for the composted material, the present invention uses a material sorting system and an automatic packaging system for material sorting and automatic packaging. After the material is transferred to the aging workshop for post-composting treatment, the composted material is crushed, stirred, granulated by flat die extrusion, countercurrent cooling, and sieved to make φ3–5 mm granules, which are then sealed by the automatic packaging system at 25 kg / bag (error ≤ ±0.5 kg, capacity 4–5 t / h).

[0065] The finished product meets the requirements of NY / T 525-2021 after testing: N+P2O5+K2O≥5%, organic matter≥45%, moisture≤30%, pH6.0–8.0, fecal coliforms≤100 CFU / g, ascarid egg mortality rate≥95%, seed germination index≥90%, and nitrogen retention rate≥92%.

[0066] This invention follows the industry standards and standardized production principles of agricultural organic fertilizer, compiling three major technical standards for equipment, processes, and products, and unifying the production process and quality control indicators. At the same time, based on the nutrient requirements of crops, it can adjust the nutrient ratio of organic fertilizer for different crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, and grains, develop specialized organic fertilizers, increase product added value, and realize high-value production of organic fertilizers.

[0067] This invention employs a dual-core process synergy, breaking away from the traditional model of independent operation of equipment and microbial agents. It establishes a synergistic logic of precise matching between biological needs and engineering supply: microbial aerobic fermentation requires continuous and stable oxygen, suitable temperature and humidity, and uniform material contact. The chain plate turner precisely supplies oxygen, adjusts material looseness, and controls fermentation temperature through turning operations. Meanwhile, the efficient metabolism of the microbial agent shortens the fermentation cycle, reduces equipment operating frequency, and decreases energy consumption and mechanical wear. The two form a positive cycle: microbial agent regulates metabolic rhythm → equipment adjusts fermentation environment → synergistic improvement in conversion efficiency, achieving a technical effect of 1+1>2. This is the core innovative logic that distinguishes this technology from traditional processes.

[0068] This invention enables the application of crop-livestock recycling. The technical logic of this phase of the solution is application feedback, iterative optimization, and full-domain recycling. With crop-livestock recycling agriculture as its core orientation, it transforms industrial technology into a replicable business model. Simultaneously, it upgrades the technology based on actual application feedback, improving the complete resource utilization system of chicken manure, and achieving a triple enhancement of ecological, economic, and social benefits. The technical logic of the crop-livestock recycling model follows the principle of resource recycling of agricultural waste, constructing a closed-loop model of on-site chicken manure treatment – ​​organic fertilizer production – fertilizer application in planting bases. It offers a large-scale centralized treatment solution for large-scale breeding bases and a distributed treatment solution for small and medium-sized farms, enabling on-site treatment and return of chicken manure to the fields, reducing transportation costs and secondary pollution, and opening up the material recycling chain of agricultural crop-livestock farming.

[0069] This technology ultimately forms a complete closed-loop technology system: strain development → microbial agent production → equipment optimization → co-fermentation → intelligent management and control → organic fertilizer production → crop-livestock cycle. Its core logic is: using chicken manure waste as raw material, microbial agents as the core of biotransformation, chain-type turning machines as physical support, intelligent technology as the management and control means, and standardized processes as support, livestock waste is transformed into high-quality organic fertilizer, which is then returned to the planting stage to achieve the circular utilization of agricultural planting and breeding resources. At the same time, through application feedback, it drives the iterative upgrading of microbial agents, equipment, and processes, continuously improving technical performance and forming a long-term technical development logic of technology research and development - industrial production - application feedback - optimization and upgrading. This not only solves the problem of livestock pollution control but also realizes the high-value utilization of agricultural resources, taking into account the technological innovation, practicality, and large-scale promotion value.

[0070] Example 1 A method for preparing organic fertilizer from chicken manure through efficient fermentation based on a chain plate turning machine and a high-efficiency compound microbial agent includes the following steps: 1) Raw material pretreatment: Fresh chicken manure is fed into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation to remove free water and oil from the material; 2) Material mixing: By mass, 65 parts of solid-liquid separated chicken manure, 20 parts of crushed corn cobs, 14 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer return material, and 0.3 parts of high-efficiency compound microbial agent are taken, mixed evenly, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is adjusted to 25-30:1, and the moisture content is 55%-60%; the high-efficiency compound microbial agent is composed of Bacillus belyceae and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. It is a compound of bacteria, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, highland Bacillus, thermophilic soil Bacillus, etc., with a single effective viable count of ≥20 billion CFU / g and a total effective viable count of ≥10 billion CFU / g; 3) Tank aerobic fermentation: The mixed material is spread into the fermentation tank and turned and oxygenated at regular intervals using a chain plate turning machine. It is turned once a day for the first 3 days and once every 2 days in the middle and late stages of fermentation; the pile temperature is rapidly raised to 55-65℃ in 2-3 days and maintained at high temperature for more than 5 days. The whole process of aerobic fermentation takes 12-15 days; 4) Post-processing and maturation: After fermentation, it is naturally aged, screened and packaged to obtain finished organic fertilizer.

[0071] This embodiment features rapid fermentation start-up, stable pile temperature, and thorough degradation of proteins and macromolecular organic matter. It achieves antibiotic degradation and heavy metal passivation rates of ≥80% in chicken manure, fecal coliform counts of ≤100 CFU / g, ascarid egg mortality of ≥95%, and low odor concentration. The process is suitable for high-oil and high-residue chicken manure raw materials, with low equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs, making it suitable for large-scale continuous production.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 Chicken manure organic fertilizer was prepared using a traditional tower fermenter. Except for the use of a closed, three-dimensional tower fermenter and the absence of the specific compound high-efficiency microbial agent of this invention, relying solely on the natural fermentation of the material's native microorganisms, all other parameters, including raw material pretreatment, carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content control, and auxiliary material proportions, remained consistent with the previous example. The material entered the tank from the top, and aerobic fermentation was achieved through the multi-layered flow guide structure inside the tower fermenter combined with forced aeration at the bottom. The temperature inside the tank was maintained at 55–70°C, and the fermentation cycle was 5–7 days.

[0073] Although the comparative method has a short fermentation cycle, small footprint, and good deodorization effect in a sealed environment, the initial investment in the equipment is high, energy consumption is large, and the operation and maintenance technology requirements are high. For high-viscosity, high-oil chicken manure, material caking and uneven local oxygen supply are easy to occur. The fermentation start-up and temperature rise relying on native bacteria are delayed, the degree of organic matter degradation is low, and the antibiotic degradation rate and heavy metal passivation rate are only 60% to 70%. The overall composting quality and harmless treatment effect are significantly weaker than those of the embodiments of the present invention, and the range of applicable raw materials is narrow, which limits the large-scale promotion and application.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Solid-liquid separation treatment of chicken manure; S2. Mix chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material and compound microbial agent in a certain proportion, adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 50-60%, pH value to 6-8, and carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-30:

1. The compound microbial agent includes Bacillus belye, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, intermediate thermophilic actinomycetes, Bacillus hygroscopicus, and Bacillus thermophilus. S3. In the segmented fermentation tank, a chain plate turner is used to carry out aerobic composting fermentation of the mixture.

2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bacillus belyssus is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020150. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens described is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020153. The intermediate thermophilic actinomycete is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on November 21, 2025, with accession number CCTCC NO: M20252654. The *Bacillus hygroscopicus* is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 28, 2020, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2020151. The thermophilic Bacillus is deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), located in Wuhan, China, on May 6, 2024, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2024864.

3. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain plate type turning machine includes a turning component, a lateral moving device, a longitudinal moving device, an electrical control system, and a hydraulic system. The longitudinal moving device is used to drive the turning component to move back and forth along the length of the segmented fermentation tank. The lateral moving device is used to drive the turning component to move back and forth along the width of the segmented fermentation tank. The hydraulic system is used to drive the turning component to move up and down and back and forth vertically within the segmented fermentation tank. The electrical control system is used to realize the operation logic control and power coordination scheduling of all mechanisms of the chain plate type turning machine.

4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented fermentation tank includes a high-temperature degradation zone and a composting zone, in which the mixed materials are successively heated, sterilized, decomposed, and preliminarily composted.

5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the mixture completes its primary fermentation in a segmented fermentation tank, it is transferred to an aging workshop for 4-6 days of composting to obtain matured material.

6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The composted material shall have the following characteristics: total nutrient mass fraction (N, P2O5 and K2O) ≥ 5%, organic matter ≥ 45%, moisture ≤ 30%, pH 6.0-8.0, fecal coliform ≤ 100 CFU / g, ascarid egg mortality ≥ 95%, seed germination index ≥ 90%, and nitrogen retention rate ≥ 92%.

7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The segmented fermentation tank also includes a pretreatment zone, in which chicken manure, crushed corn cobs, decomposed organic fertilizer return material, and compound microbial agents are uniformly mixed.

8. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite microbial agent is in liquid or powder form.

9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented fermentation tank is equipped with a fish raft-type ventilation pipe at the bottom, and a high-pressure centrifugal fan connected to the fish raft-type ventilation pipe is provided outside the segmented fermentation tank.

10. The method for preparing organic fertilizer based on chicken manure fermentation according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the segmented fermentation tank, the fermentation process parameters of the mixed materials are monitored by an online monitoring system. The real-time fermentation process parameters are compared with the preset fermentation process parameters by an intelligent control system, and turning and ventilation operations are performed.

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