A fruit drop prevention and control nutrient protective agent of fructus aurantii, a preparation method and application thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610791514.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
AI Technical Summary
[0005]为了解决现有化橘红保果剂针对性不足、功能单一、激素调控粗放、农药残留风险高以及防控效果有限的问题，本发明提供一种化橘红落果防控营养保护剂及其制备方法和应用
1、本发明通过L-天门冬氨酸钙、硼砂和磷酸二氢钾的复配，可同时补充化橘红花果期对钙、硼、钾三种关键元素的需求。其中，L-天门冬氨酸钙作为螯合态钙源，相较于无机钙盐具有更高的叶片吸收效率和运输能力；硼元素促进花粉管伸长和受精作用；钾元素调节细胞渗透压，增强幼果抗逆性，硼可为钙提供细胞壁结合位点，促进钙的运输与利用，L-天门冬氨酸钙稳定性高，可避免与磷酸二氢钾直接沉淀，磷钾可促进硼的转运，三者协同作用，可显著降低因营养缺乏导致的生理性落果；芸苔素内酯与三碘苯甲酸按特定比例复配，形成促控平衡机制：芸苔素内酯促进幼果细胞分裂与膨大，提高内源激素水平；三碘苯甲酸适度抑制顶端优势，减少营养生长对养分的竞争，促进光合产物向果实转运。两者协同可避免单一使用生长促进剂导致的徒长或单一使用抑制剂导致的树势衰弱；陈皮提取物富含黄酮类化合物，艾草提取物含有挥发油及黄酮成分，两者复配可发挥植物源防护作用，与矿质营养组分、植物生长调节组分协同，减少病虫危害导致的落果。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant protection technology, specifically to a nutrient protection agent for controlling fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] Huazhou tangerine peel (Huazhou pomelo peel) is a traditional Chinese medicine from Huazhou, Guangdong Province. It is the immature or nearly mature outer peel of the fruit of the Huazhou pomelo (Pomelo spp.) in the Rutaceae family. It is known for its expectorant, cough-suppressing, qi-regulating, and stomach-soothing effects, and is often called "Southern Ginseng." Huazhou tangerine peel products are sold both domestically and internationally, with strong market demand and supply falling short of demand. However, the cultivation of Huazhou tangerine peel faces a serious problem of physiological fruit drop: during the flowering and young fruit stages, factors such as nutritional imbalances (deficiencies in elements such as calcium, boron, and potassium), hormonal imbalances, disease infection, and environmental stress can lead to a physiological fruit drop rate exceeding 80%, and in severe cases reaching 100%. This has become a key bottleneck restricting the improvement of Huazhou tangerine peel yield and quality.
[0003] Currently, the control of physiological fruit drop in Huajuhong (a type of citrus fruit) mainly relies on spraying with conventional chemical nutrients or single plant growth regulators, which has significant technical shortcomings. Existing fruit-preserving agents are mostly designed for ordinary citrus or fruit trees, without fully considering the special physiological characteristics of Huajuhong as a pomelo and the higher requirements for agent safety due to its status as both a medicinal and edible material.
[0004] Existing fruit-preserving agents mainly include foliar fertilizers based on single-element nutrients, plant growth regulators, water-soluble fertilizers based on amino acids or humic acids, chemical pesticides, and commercially available compound fruit-preserving agents. Foliar fertilizers based on single-element nutrients, such as calcium nitrate, borax, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, can only provide single or small amounts of nutrients, making it difficult to meet the synergistic needs of multiple elements during the flowering and fruiting period. Plant growth regulators, such as gibberellin and naphthaleneacetic acid, use crude hormone regulation methods, and improper dosage can easily lead to fruit deformities and reduced quality; some chemically synthesized regulators also pose a risk of residue. While water-soluble fertilizers based on amino acids or humic acids can improve leaf nutrition, they lack targeted mineral element supplementation, do not contain plant-derived active ingredients, and have weak resistance to diseases and pests. Chemical pesticides, such as carbendazim and abamectin, can control some diseases and pests, but pesticide residues are serious, failing to meet the green production standards for Chinese medicinal herbs, and their effect on controlling physiological fruit drop is limited. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the problems of insufficient targeting, limited function, crude hormone regulation, high pesticide residue risk, and limited control effect of existing citrus fruit-setting agents, this invention provides a nutrient protection agent for controlling fruit drop in citrus, its preparation method, and its application.
[0006] This nutritional protectant is a compound of mineral nutrients, plant growth regulators, plant-derived active ingredients, and adjuvants. Through the synergistic effects of nutrient supplementation, hormone regulation, and disease control, it provides protection throughout the entire flowering and fruiting process of Huajuhong (Citrus reticulata). Specifically, L-aspartate calcium, borax, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate constitute the nutrient supplementation system, meeting the critical needs for calcium, boron, and potassium during the flowering and fruiting period; brassinolide and triiodobenzoic acid constitute the growth regulation system, balancing vegetative and reproductive growth; and tangerine peel extract and Artemisia argyi extract constitute the plant-derived protective system, also possessing antibacterial and insecticidal functions. The synergistic effect of these multiple components distinguishes this invention from existing fruit drop control schemes that rely on single nutrients or solely on chemical agents, significantly improving the fruit set rate and reducing physiological fruit drop in Huajuhong. The preparation method of this invention is simple to operate, and the application method involves precise spraying during the critical period of physiological fruit drop in Huajuhong, making it suitable for widespread application in Huajuhong producing areas.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
[0008] This invention provides a nutrient protection agent for controlling fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, which is obtained by mixing the following components: 3.6g-6g of mineral nutrients, 0.4g-0.6g of plant growth regulators, 0.5g-1g of plant-derived active components, 2g-2.5g of adjuvants, and the remainder being solvents; the mineral nutrients are obtained by mixing L-aspartic acid calcium, borax, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:2-5.5:1-2.8; the plant growth regulators are obtained by mixing brassinolide and triiodobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3:1-1.1; the plant-derived active components are obtained by mixing tangerine peel extract and Artemisia argyi extract in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5; and the adjuvants are obtained by mixing sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in a dosage ratio of 1g:1mL-1.25mL.
[0009] Preferably, the solvent is water and ethanol.
[0010] Preferably, the tangerine peel extract is obtained by heating tangerine peel powder and alcohol solvent under reflux at 70℃~80℃; the ratio of tangerine peel powder to ethanol is 5g:100mL~110mL.
[0011] Preferably, the mugwort extract is obtained by heating mugwort powder and an alcohol solvent under reflux at 70°C to 80°C; the ratio of mugwort powder to ethanol is 1g:15mL~30mL.
[0012] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent to prevent fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: L-aspartic acid calcium, borax and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were dissolved in water to obtain a mineral nutrient solution.
[0013] Brassinolide was dissolved in water to obtain a brassinolide solution, and triiodobenzoic acid was dissolved in an ethanol-water mixed solvent to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. The brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution were mixed to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0014] After dissolving tangerine peel extract and artemisia extract in water, a solution of plant-derived active components was obtained.
[0015] Sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 were dissolved in water to obtain an auxiliary agent solution.
[0016] A nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong (Citrus reticulata) is obtained by mixing mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution.
[0017] The third objective of this invention is to provide a method for applying a nutrient-protective agent to prevent fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, the method comprising the following steps: Five to seven days before the flowering period of Huajuhong, spray the Huajuhong fruit drop prevention and nutrient protection agent for the first time. The first spray should be applied until the leaves are completely wet and the solution on the leaf surface is just about to drip. Ten to fifteen days after the flowering period of Huajuhong, spray the Huajuhong fruit drop prevention and nutrient protection agent for the second time. The second spray should be applied until the leaves, flowers and young fruits are completely wet and the solution is just about to drip.
[0018] Preferably, the first and second spraying times are both between 6:00 and 9:00 in the morning or between 5:00 and 7:00 in the evening, avoiding periods of rainfall and midday high temperatures.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention, through the compounding of L-aspartic calcium, borax, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, can simultaneously supplement the three key elements of calcium, boron, and potassium required during the flowering and fruiting period of Citrus reticulata. L-aspartic calcium, as a chelated calcium source, has higher leaf absorption efficiency and transport capacity compared to inorganic calcium salts; boron promotes pollen tube elongation and fertilization; potassium regulates cell osmotic pressure, enhancing the stress resistance of young fruit; boron provides cell wall binding sites for calcium, promoting calcium transport and utilization; L-aspartic calcium has high stability, avoiding direct precipitation with potassium dihydrogen phosphate; phosphorus and potassium promote boron transport. The synergistic effect of these three elements significantly reduces physiological fruit drop caused by nutrient deficiency. Brassinolide and triiodobenzoic acid, compounded in a specific ratio, form a balanced mechanism: brassinolide promotes cell division and expansion in young fruit, increasing endogenous hormone levels; triiodobenzoic acid moderately inhibits apical dominance, reducing competition for nutrients from vegetative growth and promoting the transport of photosynthetic products to the fruit. The synergistic effect of the two can avoid excessive growth caused by the use of growth promoters alone or weakened tree vigor caused by the use of inhibitors alone. Tangerine peel extract is rich in flavonoids, and artemisia extract contains volatile oils and flavonoids. The combination of the two can exert a plant-derived protective effect, and work synergistically with mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators to reduce fruit drop caused by pests and diseases.
[0020] 2. When the nutrient protectant of this invention was used to treat the Citrus reticulata plants, the fruit retention rate after flowering reached 88.6% and the fruit preservation rate reached 43.3%, which were 16.2 percentage points and 28.5 percentage points higher than the blank control, respectively. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0022] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.
[0024] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the methods described are conventional methods; and unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials described are commercially available.
[0025] Example 1 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 0.6g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 2g of borax (95% purity), and 1g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), and dissolve them in 30mL, 250mL, and 30mL of water, respectively, to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0026] Measure 0.3 mL of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 50 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.1 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 1 mL:9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0027] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0028] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0029] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0030] Weigh 0.25g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.25g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 10mL of water to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution respectively. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0031] Measure or weigh 1g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1mL of Tween 80 in a 1:1 ratio. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 50mL of water to obtain a sodium lignosulfonate solution and a Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and the Tween 80 solution to obtain an auxiliary agent solution.
[0032] The prepared mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 510 mL of water and mixed thoroughly to obtain a nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong tangerine peel.
[0033] Example 2 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 0.7g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 2.3g of borax (95% purity), and 1.2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), respectively, and dissolve them in 35mL, 291mL, and 35mL of water to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0034] Measure 0.375 mL of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 62.5 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.125 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 1 mL:9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0035] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0036] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0037] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0038] Weigh 0.4g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.4g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 16mL of water respectively to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0039] Weigh 1.1g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1.1mL of Tween 80. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 55mL of water to obtain sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution to obtain auxiliary agent solution.
[0040] The prepared mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 422 mL of water and mixed thoroughly to obtain the nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong tangerine peel.
[0041] Example 3 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 1.0 g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 3.3 g of borax (95% purity), and 1.7 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), respectively, and dissolve them in 50 mL, 417 mL, and 50 mL of water to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0042] Measure 0.45 mL of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 75 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.15 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 0.1 g: 1 mL: 9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0043] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0044] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0045] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0046] Weigh 0.5g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.5g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 20mL of water respectively to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0047] Weigh 1.25g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1.25mL of Tween 80. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 62.5mL of water to obtain sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution to obtain auxiliary agent solution.
[0048] The prepared mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 228 mL of water and mixed thoroughly to obtain the nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong tangerine peel.
[0049] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Measure 0.3 mL of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 50 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.1 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 1 mL:9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0050] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0051] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0052] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0053] Weigh 0.25g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.25g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 10mL of water to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution respectively. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0054] Weigh 1g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1mL of Tween 80. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 50mL of water to obtain sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution to obtain an auxiliary agent solution.
[0055] The plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 820 mL of water and mixed to obtain a nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong tangerine peel.
[0056] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 0.6g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 2g of borax (95% purity), and 1g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), and dissolve them in 30mL, 250mL, and 30mL of water, respectively, to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0057] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0058] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0059] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0060] Weigh 0.25g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.25g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 10mL of water to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution respectively. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0061] Weigh 1g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1mL of Tween 80. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 50mL of water to obtain sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution to obtain an auxiliary agent solution.
[0062] The mineral nutrient solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 570 mL of water and mixed to obtain a nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong (Citrus reticulata).
[0063] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 0.6g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 2g of borax (95% purity), and 1g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), and dissolve them in 30mL, 250mL, and 30mL of water, respectively, to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0064] Measure 0.3 g of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 50 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.1 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 1 mL:9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0065] Weigh 1g of sodium lignosulfonate and 1mL of Tween 80. Dissolve the sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in 50mL of water to obtain sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution. Mix the sodium lignosulfonate solution and Tween 80 solution to obtain an auxiliary agent solution.
[0066] The mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, and adjuvant solution were added to 530 mL of water and mixed to obtain a nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong tangerine peel.
[0067] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing a nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata, comprising the following steps: Weigh out 0.6g of L-aspartic calcium (99% purity), 2.0g of borax (95% purity), and 1.0g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (99% purity), respectively, and dissolve them in 30mL, 250mL, and 30mL of water to obtain L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Mix the L-aspartic calcium solution, borax solution, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain a mineral nutrient component solution.
[0068] Measure 0.3 mL of brassinolide (purity 0.01%) and dissolve it in 50 mL of water to obtain a brassinolide solution. Weigh 0.1 g of triiodobenzoic acid (purity 98%) and add it to a solvent containing ethanol and water in a ratio of 1 mL:9 mL to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. Mix the brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution to obtain a plant growth regulator solution.
[0069] Weigh out 5g of dried tangerine peel and 3g of mugwort (Artemisia argyi), dry them, and then grind them into powder for later use.
[0070] Add 5g of dried tangerine peel powder to 100mL of ethanol, heat and extract at 70℃ under reflux for 2h, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain dried tangerine peel extract.
[0071] Add 3g of Artemisia argyi powder to 45mL of ethanol and heat to extract for 1h under reflux at 70℃. Repeat the extraction twice, combine the extracts, filter, concentrate and dry to obtain Artemisia argyi extract.
[0072] Weigh 0.25g of dried tangerine peel extract and 0.25g of mugwort extract at a mass ratio of 1:1. Dissolve the dried tangerine peel extract and the mugwort extract in 10mL of water to obtain dried tangerine peel extract solution and mugwort extract solution respectively. Mix the dried tangerine peel extract solution and the mugwort extract solution to obtain a plant-derived active ingredient solution.
[0073] A mineral nutrient solution, a plant growth regulator solution, and a plant-derived active ingredient solution were added to 610 mL of water to obtain a nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong (Citrus reticulata).
[0074] Comparative Example 5 Nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in non-toxic tangerine peel.
[0075] The nutrient protection agents for controlling fruit drop in Citrus reticulata prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were sprayed 7 days before flowering and 10 days after flowering. It should be noted that the spraying of the nutrient protection agents for controlling fruit drop in Citrus reticulata should be avoided during rainy days and midday high temperatures; early morning, late evening, and sunny days are suitable.
[0076] Twenty-four tangerine trees (over 3 years old) of the same orchard, with vigorous growth, similar growth pattern, and planted adjacent to each other, were selected as experimental materials. Three trees were used as one example or comparative example. For each tree, the number of fruit branches with a diameter of about 0.8 cm from the previous year's spring shoots were randomly selected from the four directions of east, south, west, and north. The number of fruits set on the branches was investigated at three time points: after flowering, one day before spraying after flowering, and 15 days after spraying.
[0077] Calculate the fruit retention rate and fruit preservation rate using the following formulas: Fruit retention rate (%) = (Number of fruits after flowering - Number of fruits 1 day before spraying after flowering) / Number of fruits after flowering × 100.
[0078] Fruit retention rate (%) = (Number of fruits 1 day before spraying after flowering - Number of fruits 15 days after spraying after flowering) / Number of fruits 1 day before spraying after flowering × 100.
[0079] The data on fruit retention rate and fruit preservation rate are shown in Table 1.
[0080] Table 1. Fruit retention rate and fruit preservation rate of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 As shown in Table 1, the fruit retention rate and fruit preservation rate of Example 1 were significantly higher than those of the water control (Comparative Example 5), indicating that spraying a nutrient protectant can effectively reduce physiological fruit drop in Citrus reticulata. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 lacked mineral nutrient components, and its fruit preservation rate was significantly lower than that of Example 1, indicating that the synergistic supplementation of elements such as calcium, boron, and potassium is the basis for reducing physiological fruit drop. Comparative Example 2 lacked plant growth regulator components, and its fruit preservation rate decreased the most, indicating that precise hormone regulation is crucial for maintaining source-sink balance and promoting the translocation of photosynthetic products to young fruits. Comparative Example 3 lacked plant-derived active components, and its fruit preservation rate decreased, reflecting that the combination of Citrus reticulata extract and Artemisia argyi extract can enhance the plant's resistance to diseases and pests through flavonoids and volatile oil components, indirectly reducing fruit drop. Comparative Example 4 lacked adjuvants, and its fruit preservation rate was slightly lower than that of Example 1, indicating that the addition of wetting agents and stabilizers helps to improve leaf adhesion and component compatibility, ensuring efficacy. The above results confirm that the combination of the four components has a synergistic effect. The fruit retention rate decreased most significantly when mineral nutrients or plant growth regulators were lacking, indicating that mineral nutrient supplementation and plant growth regulation play a key role in this nutrient protectant.
[0081] This invention utilizes a combination of L-aspartate calcium, borax, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to synergistically supplement the three key elements of calcium, boron, and potassium. L-aspartate calcium, as a chelated calcium source, has superior absorption efficiency and transport capacity compared to inorganic calcium salts. Boron promotes pollen tube elongation and fertilization, while potassium regulates cell osmotic pressure, enhancing the resistance of young fruits. Boron also provides cell wall binding sites for calcium, promoting its transport and utilization. L-aspartate calcium has high stability, preventing precipitation with potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Phosphorus and potassium further promote boron transport, significantly reducing physiological fruit drop caused by nutrient deficiency. Brassinolide and triiodobenzoic acid form a balanced promotion and control mechanism. The former promotes cell division and enlargement in young fruits and increases endogenous hormone levels, while the latter inhibits apical dominance, reduces vegetative growth competition, and promotes the transport of photosynthetic products to the fruit. Together, they prevent excessive vegetative growth or tree weakness caused by a single hormone. The combination of tangerine peel extract and artemisia extract exerts a plant-derived protective effect, synergistically reducing fruit drop caused by pests and diseases along with mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators. When the nutrient protectant of the present invention was used to treat the tangerine peel plants, the fruit retention rate after flowering reached 88.6% and the fruit preservation rate reached 43.3%, which were 16.2% and 28.5% higher than the blank control (Comparative Example 5), respectively.
[0082] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A nutrient-protective agent for preventing fruit drop in tangerine peel, characterized in that, Each liter of the citrus fruit drop prevention and nutritional protection agent is obtained by mixing the following components: The mineral nutrient components are 3.6g to 6g, the plant growth regulator components are 0.4g to 0.6g, the plant-derived active components are 0.5g to 1g, the adjuvants are 2g to 2.5g, and the remainder is a solvent; The mineral nutrient components are obtained by mixing L-aspartic calcium, borax and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 5.5:1 to 2.
8. The plant growth regulator is obtained by mixing brassinolide and triiodobenzoic acid in a mass ratio of 3:1 to 1.
1. The plant-derived active ingredient is obtained by mixing tangerine peel extract and artemisia extract at a mass ratio of 1:1 to 1.
5. The auxiliary agent is obtained by mixing sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 in a ratio of 1g:1mL~1.25mL.
2. The nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvents are water and ethanol.
3. The nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tangerine peel extract is obtained by heating tangerine peel powder and alcohol solvent under reflux at 70℃~80℃; the ratio of tangerine peel powder to ethanol is 5g:100mL~110mL.
4. The nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Artemisia argyi extract is obtained by heating Artemisia argyi powder and alcohol solvent under reflux at 70℃~80℃; the ratio of Artemisia argyi powder to ethanol is 1g:15mL~30mL.
5. A method for preparing the nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: L-aspartic acid calcium, borax and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were dissolved in water to obtain a mineral nutrient solution; Brassinolide was dissolved in water to obtain a brassinolide solution, and triiodobenzoic acid was dissolved in an ethanol-water mixed solvent to obtain a triiodobenzoic acid solution. The brassinolide solution and the triiodobenzoic acid solution were mixed to obtain a plant growth regulator solution. After dissolving tangerine peel extract and artemisia extract in water, a solution of plant-derived active components was obtained. Sodium lignosulfonate and Tween 80 were dissolved in water to obtain an auxiliary agent solution; A nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Huajuhong (Citrus reticulata) is obtained by mixing mineral nutrient solution, plant growth regulator solution, plant-derived active ingredient solution, and adjuvant solution.
6. The application of the nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The application method includes the following steps: Five to seven days before the flowering of Huajuhong, spray the Huajuhong fruit drop prevention and nutrient protection agent for the first time; the first spraying should be applied until the leaves are completely wet and the solution on the leaf surface is about to drip. Ten to fifteen days after the flowering of the Huajuhong fruit, spray the Huajuhong fruit drop prevention and nutrient protection agent for the second time; the second spray should be applied until the leaves, flowers and young fruits are completely wetted and the solution is in a state of being about to drip.
7. The application method of the nutrient protection agent for preventing fruit drop in Citrus reticulata as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first and second spraying times are both between 6:00 AM and 9:00 AM or between 5:00 PM and 7:00 PM.