A foliar fertilizer for reducing flowering in tea plants

Abstract

The application discloses a foliar fertilizer for reducing the flowering of tea trees, which is formed by accurately matching synergist A, flowering inhibitor B and nutrient C according to the flowering potential of the tea trees; the synergist A is composed of chitinous oligosaccharides with an acetyl degree of more than 90%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nano-zinc oxide and water; the flowering inhibitor B is composed of chitinous oligosaccharides with an acetyl degree of 45-55%, Tween-80 and water; and the nutrient C is composed of chitinous oligosaccharides with an acetyl degree of less than 10%, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, neutral amino acids and water. Through the synergistic effect of the resistance signal induced by the synergist and the reproductive growth inhibited by the flowering inhibitor, and the supplement of the nutrients required for the vegetative growth by the nutrient, the balance between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth of the tea trees is accurately controlled, the number of the flowers of the tea trees is reduced, and the tea yield and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tea tree cultivation and fertilizer technology, specifically relating to a foliar fertilizer that reduces tea tree flowering. Background Technology

[0002] The tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is a perennial evergreen economic crop, whose economic value mainly comes from its tender buds and leaves. During its growth and development, the tea plant experiences competition between vegetative and reproductive growth, with flowering and fruiting being crucial indicators of reproductive growth. Flower bud differentiation begins in June and July each year, with flowering concentrated from October to December. Extensive flowering and fruiting consume large amounts of photosynthetic products and mineral nutrients, leading to slowed growth of tender buds and leaves, reduced yield, and decreased accumulation of internal substances in the tea leaves (such as tea polyphenols and amino acids), thus lowering the quality of the tea.

[0003] Excessive flowering of tea trees has become a prominent problem restricting tea yield and quality. In mature tea gardens in my country, the flowering rate of tea trees is generally high, with some gardens having thousands of flower buds per square meter, and the biomass of flowers and fruits accounting for 20-30% of the total biomass of the tea tree. Competition for nutrients between flowers and fruits and buds and leaves is one of the important reasons for reduced tea yield and quality.

[0004] Currently, the main methods for controlling excessive flowering in tea trees include the following: 1) Physical flower thinning: This method involves manually removing flower buds or flowers to reduce the consumption of reproductive growth energy. However, this method requires a large amount of manpower, is cumbersome to operate, and is costly (the cost of manual flower thinning can reach 200-300 yuan per acre). It is also prone to causing mechanical damage to tea plants and is not suitable for large-scale tea gardens.

[0005] 2) Pruning regulation: Flower bud differentiation can be suppressed by adjusting the pruning method and timing. Although different pruning methods can regulate the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth to a certain extent, pruning itself comes at the cost of sacrificing some productive branches, which has a certain impact on yield. Moreover, the regulation effect is constrained by climate and variety factors, and its stability is insufficient.

[0006] 3) Water and fertilizer regulation: This involves promoting vegetative growth and inhibiting reproductive growth by increasing nitrogen fertilizer and controlling potassium fertilizer. However, traditional water and fertilizer regulation relies heavily on experience to determine the amount of fertilizer to apply, making it difficult to make targeted adjustments based on the actual reproductive growth level of the tea trees. This often results in excessive nitrogen fertilizer application leading to excessive vegetative growth or insufficient application failing to inhibit flowering. Excessive nitrogen application can also lead to environmental problems such as soil acidification and nutrient loss.

[0007] 4) Chemical regulation: Plant growth regulators (such as ethephon, paclobutrazol, etc.) are used to inhibit flowering. However, chemical regulators pose a risk of residue, which is not in line with the development direction of green ecological tea gardens, and improper use can easily cause phytotoxicity.

[0008] Furthermore, existing technologies lack effective indicators and methods to accurately determine the flowering potential of tea trees, making it impossible to predict the risk of excessive flowering in advance. This leads to delays in the implementation of control measures and makes it difficult to achieve the desired improvement results.

[0009] Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), also known as chitosan oligosaccharide, is a low molecular weight amino oligosaccharide with a degree of polymerization of 2-20 obtained from the degradation of chitosan. It possesses good water solubility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Studies have shown that chitosan oligosaccharide can activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in plants, inducing the production of disease-related proteins and phytoalexins, thereby enhancing plant disease resistance. Simultaneously, it can upregulate the expression of genes related to carbon fixation and amino acid metabolism, increase chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and amino acid content, and promote plant growth. Existing research has confirmed that chitosan oligosaccharide can increase tea bud and shoot density by 13.81-23.16%, 100-bud weight by 15.94-18.15%, and tea yield by 14.22-21.08%.

[0010] However, the bioactivity of chitosan oligosaccharides is closely related to their acetylation degree. Chitosan oligosaccharides with different acetylation degrees activate significantly different signaling pathways and produce different physiological effects in plants: high-acetylation chitosan oligosaccharides retain more N-acetyl groups, and their molecular structure is similar to chitin fragments in plant cell walls, making them more easily recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors and thus triggering immune signaling pathways more strongly; low-acetylation chitosan oligosaccharides carry more free amino groups, have stronger cationic properties, can chelate with metal ions to promote mineral nutrient absorption, and can also be directly degraded and utilized by plants as carbon and nitrogen sources. In existing research and products, chitosan oligosaccharides are usually used in a single acetylation form, failing to fully utilize the differentiated functions of chitosan oligosaccharides with different acetylation degrees, and also failing to match the activity differences of chitosan oligosaccharides with the metabolic needs of tea plant flowering regulation.

[0011] Therefore, developing a foliar fertilizer that can accurately determine the flowering potential of tea trees, utilize the differentiated functions of chitosan oligosaccharides with different degrees of acetylation to synergistically regulate the reproductive growth of tea trees, reduce flowering, and improve tea yield and quality is of great significance for promoting the green and efficient development of the tea cultivation industry. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing tea tree flowering regulation technologies, such as low precision, unstable effects, high costs, and significant environmental risks, and to provide a foliar fertilizer that reduces tea tree flowering. This foliar fertilizer utilizes the differentiated physiological functions of different acetylation degrees within the same molecular skeleton (chitosan oligosaccharide). Through the synergistic effect of a synergist inducing resistance signals and a flowering inhibitor suppressing reproductive growth, it supplements the nutrients needed for vegetative growth. Based on a precise ratio according to flowering potential, it achieves precise regulation of the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth in tea trees, effectively reducing the number of flowers and improving tea yield and quality.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A foliar fertilizer that reduces tea tree flowering is formulated with synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C in precise proportions according to the flowering potential of tea trees.

[0014] Synergist A is composed of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nano-zinc oxide, and water. The high-acetylation chitosan oligosaccharide possesses strong signaling molecule characteristics, effectively activating the plant's MAPK signaling pathway and resistance-related gene expression, thus enhancing the tea plant's stress resistance and nutrient absorption efficiency as a synergist. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides phosphorus and potassium nutrition, enhancing the accumulation of photosynthetic products. Nano-zinc oxide has a small particle size and large specific surface area, facilitating leaf adhesion and zinc absorption. Zinc participates in auxin synthesis and carbon metabolism enzyme activation, further enhancing vegetative growth potential.

[0015] The flowering inhibitor B is composed of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55%, Tween-80, and water. The moderately acetylated chitosan oligosaccharide possesses both signal transduction and bioregulatory functions, regulating endogenous hormone balance, inhibiting reproductive growth, and promoting vegetative growth, thus acting as a flowering inhibitor. Tween-80 is a nonionic surfactant that increases the wettability and permeability of the chitosan oligosaccharide solution on the surface of tea leaves, promoting the entry of active ingredients into the leaves, and simultaneously assisting in the uniform spreading of chitosan oligosaccharide molecules on the leaf surface.

[0016] Nutrient C is composed of chitosan oligosaccharides with an acetylation degree of <10%, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, neutral amino acids, and water. The low-acetylation chitosan oligosaccharides have a high content of free amino acids, which can chelate with metal ions to promote the absorption and transport of micronutrients. Simultaneously, they can be directly degraded and utilized by plants as carbon and nitrogen sources, thus enhancing vegetative growth. Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate provides magnesium nutrition; magnesium is a core component of chlorophyll and an activator of Rubisco, directly participating in photosynthesis. Neutral amino acids can be directly absorbed and utilized by tea plants, participating in nitrogen metabolism and protein synthesis, supplementing the organic nitrogen source required for vegetative growth.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for determining flowering potential and precise proportioning is as follows: on-site measurement of the height H1 (unit: cm) of the tea tree canopy roof above the ground, the width H2 (unit: cm), the density of production branches D1 (unit: branches / m²), and the density of flower buds D2 (unit: branches / m²) in the target tea garden, and calculation of the ratio K=D2×H2 / (D1×H1). When K < 8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 10:5:5; When K≥8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 5:5:10.

[0018] The K value comprehensively reflects the relative intensity of reproductive growth and vegetative growth of tea trees: In the K value, D2 / D1 reflects the bud load carried by a unit of production branch, and H2 / H1 reflects the extent of the tea tree canopy expansion (the wider the canopy and the shorter the plant, the weaker the vegetative growth base and the larger the area consumed by reproductive growth).

[0019] Furthermore, the neutral amino acid is selected from one or more of tryptophan, serine, tyrosine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, and threonine. The common characteristic of these neutral amino acids is that they do not contain charged side chain groups in their molecules. Under foliar spraying conditions, they can be directly absorbed by tea leaves through neutral amino acid transport proteins without generating additional charge balance burden within cells. Among them, tryptophan is a precursor for auxin synthesis, serine and glycine participate in photorespiration metabolism, and glutamine is a primary product of nitrogen assimilation. The side chain functions of different neutral amino acids are complementary.

[0020] Furthermore, the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90% in the synergist A is 50-200 mg / L, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2-0.5%, and the concentration of nano zinc oxide is 20-50 mg / L.

[0021] Furthermore, the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55% in the flowering inhibitor B is 50-200 mg / L, and the concentration of Tween-80 is 0.05-0.1%.

[0022] Furthermore, the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of <10% in nutrient C is 50-200 mg / L, the concentration of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is 0.3-0.8%, and the concentration of neutral amino acids is 0.2-0.5%.

[0023] Furthermore, the application method of the foliar fertilizer is as follows: spray it at the early stage of tea tree flower bud differentiation, spray it once every 7-10 days, and spray it 2-3 times in a row. The spraying time is in the evening on a sunny day. The spraying method is to spray the leaves evenly on the front and back of the leaves, so that the leaves are moist but not dripping water.

[0024] Furthermore, when K < 8, spray twice; when K ≥ 8, spray three times.

[0025] Furthermore, the initial stage of flower bud differentiation is from late June to early July.

[0026] Furthermore, the synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C should be mixed in a predetermined ratio and used immediately after preparation. The mixture should not be left to stand for more than 24 hours. After mixing the three chitosan oligosaccharides with different acetylation degrees, acetyl transfer reactions may occur between the high and low acetylation degree components, causing the acetylation degree of each component to approach the intermediate value, thus weakening the differentiated function. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare and use them immediately.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) Precise Diagnosis and Differentiated Formulation. This invention proposes calculating the flowering potential ratio K=D2×H2 / (D1×H1) based on the structural parameters of the tea tree canopy (canopy height H1, canopy width H2, and production branch density D1) and bud density D2. A threshold of K=8 is used to differentiate flowering potential levels, and the three components are formulated accordingly. When K<8, the synergist-dominant formulation (10:5:5) shows a better flowering reduction rate than the nutrient-dominant formulation; when K≥8, the nutrient-dominant formulation (5:5:10) is significantly better than the synergist-dominant formulation, and the higher the K value, the more pronounced the advantage. The parameters required for this diagnostic method are all easily measurable in the field, making it simple to operate and suitable for large-scale tea garden application. In the K value, D2 / D1 reflects the bud burden per unit branch, and H2 / H1 reflects the relationship between the canopy expansion degree and the plant's vegetative growth baseline. The product of these two values ​​comprehensively represents the relative pressure of reproductive growth on vegetative growth.

[0028] 2) Utilization of Differentiated Functions of Homologous Molecules. This invention applies the differentiated physiological functions of chitosan oligosaccharides with different acetylation levels to the regulation of flowering in tea plants: High acetylation (>90%) chitosan oligosaccharides retain more N-acetyl groups, and their structure is closer to the natural chitin signaling fragments in plants. After being recognized by pattern recognition receptors, they can strongly activate immune signaling pathways such as MAPK, acting as synergists to enhance the stress resistance and nutrient absorption efficiency of tea plants; Medium acetylation (45-55%) chitosan oligosaccharides have both signal transduction and bioregulation functions, which can regulate the balance of endogenous hormones, inhibit reproductive growth and promote vegetative growth, acting as flowering inhibitors; Low acetylation (<10%) chitosan oligosaccharides have a high content of free amino groups, and their cationic properties allow them to chelate with metal ions to promote mineral nutrient absorption. At the same time, they can be degraded and utilized by plants as carbon and nitrogen sources, acting as nutrient agents to enhance vegetative growth. The three types of chitosan oligosaccharides with different acetylation levels are homologous but functionally differentiated, achieving a three-in-one synergistic regulation of "signal induction, growth regulation, and nutrient supplementation".

[0029] 3) The synergistic effect mechanism is clearly defined. Synergist A activates the tea tree's resistance signaling pathway, enhancing its sensitivity to chitosan oligosaccharide signals and creating favorable conditions for the action of flowering inhibitor B. Flowering inhibitor B regulates the balance of endogenous hormones, inhibiting flower bud differentiation and development. Nutrient C replenishes the nutrients needed for vegetative growth, ensuring the effective utilization of photosynthetic products and mineral nutrients transferred from reproductive growth, avoiding waste caused by the lack of nutrient utilization after flowering inhibition. The three work synergistically to form a complete regulatory chain from signal activation and growth regulation to nutrient utilization. In particular, when K≥8, the formulation strategy with nutrient C as the main component solves the key problem of "nutrient transfer after flowering inhibition"—tea trees that have flowered severely have a serious deficiency in nutrient reserves. If nutrients are not significantly replenished, even if flower bud differentiation is inhibited, the released nutrient space cannot be converted into increased vegetative growth.

[0030] 4) Simple operation and environmentally friendly. The parameters for determining flowering potential are all easily measurable in the field, requiring no complex instruments or laboratory testing; the three components are prepared and used immediately according to the specified ratio, and the spraying method is consistent with conventional foliar fertilizers. Compared to the cost of 200-300 yuan per acre for manual flower thinning, the cost of this foliar fertilizer is significantly reduced. The three types of acetylated chitosan oligosaccharides are all naturally derived bioactive substances, easily degradable and residue-free; Tween-80 is a food-grade surfactant; potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and neutral amino acids are all conventional agricultural inputs. The entire formula meets the development requirements of green and ecological tea gardens. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] Example 1: Calibration experiment of K value threshold. In order to determine the grading threshold of flowering potential ratio K, the inventors conducted field surveys and ratio screening experiments in seven tea gardens in Zhejiang, Fujian and Guizhou provinces from 2019 to 2022. The tested varieties included Longjing 43, Fuding Dabai Tea, Qianmei 601 and Quntizhong.

[0033] 1. Field survey and K-value calculation: Representative sampling points were selected in each tea garden in mid-June each year to measure the height of the tea tree canopy from the ground (H1, cm), the width of the canopy (H2, cm), the density of producing branches (D1, branches / m²), and the density of flower buds (D2, buds / m²). K was calculated as K = D2 × H2 / (D1 × H1). A total of 42 sets of valid data were obtained over 4 years, with K values ​​ranging from 0.32 to 14.6.

[0034] 2. A formulation screening experiment was conducted, with two formulation treatments set up in the seven tea gardens mentioned above: Treatment T1 (synergist-dominant): Synergist A: Flowering inhibitor B: Nutrient C = 10:5:5; Treatment T2 (nutrient-dominant): Synergist A: Flowering inhibitor B: Nutrient C = 5:5:10; Spraying was initiated in late June at the initial stage of flower bud differentiation, with applications every 8 days. Tea gardens with K<5 were sprayed twice, and those with K≥5 were sprayed three times. Conventional management served as a control. Flower bud density was assessed in mid-November of the same year, and yield was measured during the spring tea season of the following year.

[0035] 3. Flower reduction rate of the two ratios under different K values: The 42 data sets were arranged in ascending order of K value. Using the flower reduction rate as the evaluation index, the differences in the effects of the T1 and T2 ratios were compared in different K value ranges. 0-2 11 52.3% 38.6% T1 2-5 10 45.1% 41.2% T1 5-8 8 36.8% 43.5% T2 8-11 7 28.4% 54.7% T2 11-15 6 22.1% 58.3% T2 .

[0036] As shown in the table above, when K < 8, the flowering reduction rate of T1 (synergist-dominant type) is always higher than that of T2, indicating that when the flowering pressure is low, activating resistance signals and enhancing nutrient absorption efficiency with synergists can effectively suppress flowering. When K ≥ 8, the flowering reduction rate of T2 (nutrient agent-dominant type) is significantly higher than that of T1, and the higher the K value, the more obvious the advantage of T2 over T1. This indicates that when the flowering pressure is severe, it is necessary to focus on nutrient supplementation to make up for the nutrient deficiency of the tree so that the suppressed reproductive consumption can be transformed into vegetative growth.

[0037] The K=5-8 range represents a transitional zone between the two formulations, with a small difference in flowering reduction rates between T1 and T2 (36.8% vs 43.5%). Considering both simplicity and field operability in formulation selection, K=8 was used as the grading threshold: K<8 used the T1 formulation, and K≥8 used the T2 formulation. This threshold ensures that the optimal formulation is maximized within each range, while avoiding the operational burden of frequently switching formulations in the transitional zone.

[0038] 4. The agronomic implications of the K=8 threshold: Under typical field conditions corresponding to K=8, the competition for nutrients by reproductive growth significantly exceeds the tolerance of vegetative growth. Tea plants exhibit delayed shoot emergence, smaller and thinner leaves, and spring tea yields significantly lower than tea gardens with similar management levels in the same region. At this point, simply enhancing signal induction or inhibiting reproductive growth is insufficient to effectively reverse the situation; a substantial increase in nutrients is needed to rebuild the competitive advantage of vegetative growth.

[0039] Example 2, K<8 (low flowering potential, synergist-dominant type). This example was conducted in a large-scale tea garden. The tested tea variety was Longjing 43, with an age of 8 years. The tea garden soil was red soil with a pH of 5.5-6.0. Under conventional management conditions, the flowering of the tea trees was moderate to light.

[0040] A foliar fertilizer that reduces flowering in tea trees, the specific steps are as follows: 1. Determination of flowering potential: Before the early stage of tea tree flower bud differentiation (mid-June), the height of the tea tree canopy above the ground H1=95 cm, the width of the canopy H2=110 cm, the density of production branches D1 approximately 4850 branches / m², and the density of flower buds D2 approximately 2800 branches / m² were measured on-site in the target tea garden.

[0041] The calculated ratio K = D2 × H2 / (D1 × H1) = 2800 × 110 / (4850 × 95) = 0.67. Since K < 8, the flowering potential is low.

[0042] 2. Formula determination: When K<8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 10:5:5.

[0043] Synergist A: 100 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90%, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 30 mg / L of nano zinc oxide, prepared with water.

[0044] Flowering inhibitor B: 100 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55% and 0.08% Tween-80, prepared with water.

[0045] Nutrient C: 100 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of <10%, 0.5% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and 0.3% glutamine, prepared with water.

[0046] 3. Spraying Method: Mix synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C in a volume ratio of 10:5:5, and use immediately after preparation. Begin spraying at the early stage of tea tree flower bud differentiation (June 25th), choosing a sunny evening between 17:00 and 18:00. Use a backpack sprayer to evenly spray on both sides of the tea tree leaves, ensuring the leaves are moist but not dripping. Spray once every 8 days, for two consecutive applications (June 25th and July 3rd).

[0047] 4. Results: After the regulation was implemented, the flowering status of tea trees was investigated in the autumn of the same year (mid-November), and the yield and quality were recorded during the spring tea harvesting season of the following year. The results are as follows: Flower bud density (number of buds / m²) Approximately 1120 Approximately 2680 Flowering reduction rate 58.2% — Using the foliar fertilizer of Example 2 of this invention, the density of tea tree flower buds decreased by 58.2% compared with the control, the density of spring shoots in the following year increased by 18.1%, the yield of spring tea increased by 17.6%, the content of free amino acids increased by 13.5%, the content of tea polyphenols decreased moderately, and the phenol-amino acid ratio improved.

[0048] Example 3, K≥8 (high flowering potential, nutrient-dominant type). This example was conducted in another tea garden. The tested tea variety was a group variety, 15 years old, and the tea garden soil was yellow soil with a pH of 5.0-5.5. This tea garden had long been poorly managed, resulting in severe flowering of the tea trees.

[0049] 1. Determination of flowering potential: On-site measurements in mid-June: Height of greenhouse roof from the ground H1=55 cm, width of greenhouse roof H2=140 cm, density of production branches D1 approximately 2100 branches / m², and density of flower buds D2 approximately 6800 flower buds / m².

[0050] The calculated ratio K = D2 × H2 / (D1 × H1) = 6800 × 140 / (2100 × 55) = 8.24. Since K ≥ 8, it is determined that the flowering potential is high.

[0051] This tea garden has large trees and has been managed extensively for a long time. The plants are dwarfed (H1 is only 55 cm) but the canopy is wide (H2 reaches 140 cm). The branch density is low (2100 branches / m²) but the flower bud density is high (6800 branches / m²), making it a typical tea garden with reproductive growth as the dominant type.

[0052] 2. Formula determination: When K≥8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 5:5:10.

[0053] Synergist A: 150 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90%, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 40 mg / L of nano zinc oxide, prepared with water.

[0054] Flowering inhibitor B: 150 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55% and 0.08% Tween-80, prepared with water.

[0055] Nutrient C: 150 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of <10%, 0.6% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.2% serine + 0.2% glutamine, prepared with water.

[0056] 3. Spraying method: Mix the three components in a volume ratio of 5:5:10 and use immediately after preparation. Begin spraying on June 25th, spraying once every 8 days for 3 consecutive times (June 25th, July 3rd, and July 11th). The spraying method is the same as in Example 2.

[0057] 4. Effect: Flower bud density (number of buds / m²) Approximately 5320 Approximately 14,200 Flowering reduction rate 62.5% — In tea gardens with high flowering potential, the nutrient-dominant formulation of Example 3 of this invention resulted in a 62.5% reduction in tea bud density compared to the control, a 35.1% increase in spring shoot bud density the following year, a 39.6% increase in spring tea yield, a 21.9% increase in free amino acid content, and a moderate decrease in tea polyphenol content. This tea garden had long been under extensive management, resulting in a weak foundation for vegetative growth. The nutrient-dominant formulation strategy effectively compensated for the nutritional deficiencies in the trees, transforming suppressed reproductive consumption into increased vegetative growth, thus leading to a significantly higher yield increase than in Example 2.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is limited by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foliar fertilizer for reducing flowering in tea trees, characterized in that, It is formulated with synergist A, flowering inhibitor B and nutrient C according to the flowering potential of tea trees and precise ratio; The synergist A is composed of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nano zinc oxide, and water; The flowering inhibitor B is composed of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55%, Tween-80, and water; The nutrient C is composed of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of <10%, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, neutral amino acids, and water.

2. The foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining flowering potential and precise ratio is as follows: On-site measurement of the height H1 of the tea tree canopy above the ground in the target tea garden, unit: cm; the width H2 of the canopy, unit: cm; the density of production branches D1, unit: branches / m²; and the density of flower buds D2, unit: buds / m², and the ratio K = D2 × H2 / (D1 × H1). When K < 8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 10:5:5; When K≥8, the ratio of synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C is 5:5:

10.

3. The foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The neutral amino acid is selected from one or more of tryptophan, serine, tyrosine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, and threonine.

4. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergist A contains 50-200 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree >90%, 0.2-0.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 20-50 mg / L of nano zinc oxide.

5. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of 45-55% in the flowering inhibitor B is 50-200 mg / L, and the concentration of Tween-80 is 0.05-0.1%.

6. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient C contains 50-200 mg / L of chitosan oligosaccharide with an acetylation degree of <10%, 0.3-0.8% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and 0.2-0.5% neutral amino acids.

7. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The application method of the foliar fertilizer is as follows: spray it at the early stage of tea flower bud differentiation, spray it once every 7-10 days, and spray it 2-3 times in a row. Choose a sunny evening for spraying. Spray it evenly on the leaf surface and the back of the leaf, until the leaves are moist but not dripping water.

8. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 7, characterized in that, When K < 8, spray twice; when K ≥ 8, spray three times.

9. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 7, characterized in that, The initial stage of flower bud differentiation is from late June to early July.

10. A foliar fertilizer for reducing tea tree flowering according to claim 7, characterized in that, The synergist A, flowering inhibitor B, and nutrient C are mixed in the proportions determined in claim 2 and used immediately after preparation, and should not be left to stand for more than 24 hours after mixing.