High mechanical property composite material for speed reducer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-mechanical-property composite material for a speed reducer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer composite materials. The composite material comprises, in weight parts, 50-80 parts of a base resin, 11-35 parts of a reinforcing phase compounded by macroscopic reinforcing fibers and nano reinforcing phases, 2-8 parts of an anti-wear and friction-reducing agent, 3-10 parts of a toughening agent, 0.5-2 parts of an interface coupling agent and 0.1-1 part of an auxiliary agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: reinforcing phase plasma pretreatment, raw material premixing, melt blending and granulation, forming processing and post-processing. The process is simple and can be used for industrial production. The tensile strength of the composite material is greater than or equal to 120 MPa, the Charpy impact strength is greater than or equal to 15 kJ / m2, the wear resistance is increased by more than 40%, the density is 1.2-1.6 g / cm3, the weight is reduced by 40%-60% compared with cast iron, the composite material can replace metal to be used for speed reducer gears, worm wheels, box bodies and other components, has the advantages of high strength, high toughness, wear resistance and light weight, and is suitable for batch promotion and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically to a high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Gear reducers are core components of mechanical transmission systems and are widely used in metallurgy, mining, engineering machinery, automation equipment and other fields. Their internal transmission components (such as gears, worm gears and housings) are subjected to alternating loads, impact wear and high torque working environments for a long time, which puts extremely high requirements on the mechanical properties, wear resistance, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability of the materials.

[0003] Currently, the materials commonly used in speed reducers are mainly divided into three categories: The first category is metallic materials, such as cast iron, carbon steel, and aluminum alloys. These materials have high mechanical strength, but they suffer from drawbacks such as heavy weight, difficult processing, poor corrosion resistance, high gear meshing noise, and high production costs. They also have poor lightweighting effects, which is not conducive to energy saving and consumption reduction in speed reducers. The second category is ordinary engineering plastics, such as PA, POM, and ABS. These materials have good lightweighting effects, are easy to process, and have low noise, but they have insufficient mechanical strength, are prone to creep, and have poor wear resistance and fatigue resistance, making them unable to withstand the high-load impact of long-term operation of speed reducers. The third category is conventional fiber-reinforced composite materials, such as glass fiber reinforced PA. Although these materials have improved mechanical strength, they suffer from poor bonding force between the fiber and resin interface, low impact toughness, significant degradation of mechanical properties under high-temperature environments, and short wear life. The fourth category is high-end carbon fiber composite materials, which have excellent mechanical properties, but they are extremely expensive and have complex molding processes, making it difficult to achieve mass industrial production and thus unable to be widely used in ordinary speed reducer components.

[0004] However, existing materials cannot simultaneously meet the comprehensive requirements of speed reducers for high tensile strength, high flexural strength, high impact toughness, high wear resistance, high fatigue resistance, lightweight, and low cost. A search reveals that currently disclosed related patents all have significant technical defects, specifically as follows: Patent CN118772632 B limits the matrix resin to Nylon 56, and the reinforcement system is glass fiber + graphene oxide + aminated carbon nanotubes + amino-modified inorganic nanoparticles. No toughening agent is added separately, and no surface pretreatment is performed on the reinforcing phase. It relies solely on coupling agents to improve interfacial bonding, resulting in insufficient impact toughness. Furthermore, the matrix resin is singular, with a narrow applicability range, focusing only on wear resistance and basic mechanical properties, without considering fatigue resistance and dimensional stability; Patent CN121895609... In patent A, the matrix resin is only PA6, and the reinforcing phase is carbon fiber. The core improvement lies in the shell sandwich filling with a negative Poisson's ratio structure, focusing on vibration reduction, noise reduction, and lightweighting. No wear-resistant and friction-reducing agents or toughening agents are added separately, resulting in limited wear resistance and impact toughness. Furthermore, the molding process involves complex steps such as PDA coating synthesis and in-situ polymerization, requiring special reaction equipment and making simple industrial mass production impossible. It is only suitable for gearbox housings and not for core transmission components such as gears and worm gears. In patent CN118620382 B, the matrix resin is limited to a blend of high-viscosity nylon 610 and low-viscosity nylon 610, and the reinforcing system is glass fiber + carbon fiber + inorganic nanofiller. There are no separate wear-resistant and friction-reducing agents, and the reinforcing phase is not pretreated. It only relies on coupling agents to improve dispersibility, resulting in insufficient interfacial bonding between fibers and resin and limited wear resistance. At the same time, the logic of reinforcing phase blending is not clearly defined, making it difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of mechanical properties and processing performance. In summary, there is an urgent need for a composite material and corresponding preparation method that is suitable for various working conditions of reducer components, has excellent mechanical properties, a simple manufacturing process, and controllable cost, in order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of insufficient mechanical properties, poor wear and fatigue resistance, unsatisfactory lightweighting effects, complex manufacturing processes, or excessively high costs in existing speed reducer materials, this invention provides a composite material for speed reducers with excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength, high flexural strength, high impact toughness, high wear resistance, high fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability. This material is suitable for the operational requirements of various transmission components in speed reducers. It achieves lightweighting of the composite material, replacing traditional metals and ordinary plastics, reducing the speed reducer's weight and operating noise, and improving its energy efficiency and service life.

[0006] A high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, comprising the following components by weight: matrix resin: 50-80 parts; reinforcing phase: 11-35 parts; wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent: 2-8 parts; toughening agent: 3-10 parts; interfacial coupling agent: 0.5-2 parts; auxiliary additives: 0.1-1 parts.

[0007] The reinforcing phase is composed of macroscopic reinforcing fibers and nano-reinforcing phase, wherein the macroscopic reinforcing fibers are 10-30 parts and the nano-reinforcing phase is 1-5 parts. The matrix resin is one or a blend of two of thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins.

[0008] The thermoplastic resin is preferably one or more of PA66, PA6, POM, and PPS, and the thermosetting resin is preferably one or more of epoxy resin and phenolic epoxy resin.

[0009] The macroscopic reinforcing fiber is one or more of chopped carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber, with the chopped length preferably being 3-10 mm; the nano-reinforcing phase is one or more of graphene, carbon nanotubes, nano-SiO2, and nano-SiC.

[0010] The wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent is one or more of MoS2, graphite, PTFE, and boron nitride.

[0011] The toughening agent is one or more of POE, SEBS, and thermoplastic elastomers.

[0012] The interface coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents.

[0013] The silane coupling agent is one or both of KH550 and KH560.

[0014] The auxiliary agents include one or more of antioxidants, UV stabilizers, and internal lubricants, wherein the antioxidants are preferably one or two of 1010 and 168, and the internal lubricants are preferably one or two of stearic acid and zinc stearate.

[0015] A method for preparing a high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Reinforcing Phase Pretreatment: The macroscopic reinforcing fibers are placed in a plasma treatment device and surface treated at a plasma power of 80~120W and a treatment time of 5~15min to improve the surface activity and roughness of the fibers and enhance the interfacial bonding force with the matrix resin. At the same time, the nano-reinforcing phase and the interfacial coupling agent are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.1~0.3, an appropriate amount of ethanol solution is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 10~20min. Then, it is dried at 80~100℃ for 2~4h to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase. Step 2, Raw material weighing and premixing: According to the above weight ratio, accurately weigh the matrix resin, pretreated reinforcing phase, wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent, toughening agent, remaining interfacial coupling agent and auxiliary additives, put all raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and premix for 5 to 15 minutes at room temperature and a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min to obtain a uniform premix. Step 3, Melt Blending and Granulation: The premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation. The temperature settings for each section of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: feed section 180~220℃, melt section 220~280℃, die head section 210~270℃, screw speed 200~300 r / min; after melt blending, the material is water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite material particles. Step 4: Molding and processing: Place the composite material particles into an injection molding machine or compression molding equipment, set the molding parameters according to the shape and size of the target part of the reducer, and perform molding and processing to obtain the reducer part blank; Step 5, Post-processing: Place the molded blank in an oven and heat it at 80~120℃ for 2~4 hours to eliminate the internal stress generated during the molding process, improve the dimensional stability and fatigue resistance of the composite material, and finally obtain a high mechanical performance composite material part for the speed reducer. Beneficial effects

[0016] Through the composite design of macro-reinforcing fibers and nano-reinforcing phases, combined with the role of interfacial coupling agents and plasma pretreatment process, the tensile strength of the composite material is ≥120MPa and the flexural strength is ≥180MPa, which is improved compared with conventional glass fiber reinforced PA composite materials. It can fully withstand the high load and alternating impact of the speed reducer during long-term operation. The addition of wear-resistant and friction-reducing agents significantly reduces the coefficient of friction of composite materials and greatly improves their wear resistance. At the same time, the addition of toughening agents effectively improves the fatigue resistance of the materials, significantly extending the overall service life of the reducer and making up for the performance shortcomings of existing patents. The density of the composite material is 1.2~1.6 g / cm³. 3 Compared to traditional cast iron reducer components, this technology reduces weight by 40% to 60%, eliminates the need for complex structural filling, and lowers costs. It also reduces noise during gear meshing. The entire manufacturing process is simple, enabling mass industrial production and significantly reducing production costs, making it suitable for widespread application.

[0017] The diverse design of the matrix resin allows for the selection of appropriate matrix resins and component ratios based on the working conditions of different components of the reducer (gears, worm gears, housings, etc.), which is different from the limitation of existing technologies that can only be adapted to a single component, making it more practical. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, and the composite material formulation. The composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: Matrix resin: 50-80 parts; Reinforcing phase: 11-35 parts, wherein the reinforcing phase is composed of macroscopic reinforcing fibers and nano-reinforcing phase, wherein the macroscopic reinforcing fibers are 10-30 parts and the nano-reinforcing phase is 1-5 parts; Wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent: 2-8 parts; Toughening agent: 3-10 parts; Interface coupling agent: 0.5~2 parts; Auxiliary agents: 0.1~1 part.

[0020] Preferably, the matrix resin is one or a blend of two of thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins. The thermoplastic resin is preferably one or more of PA66, PA6, POM, and PPS, and the thermosetting resin is preferably one or more of epoxy resin and phenolic epoxy resin. By selecting the above matrix resin, the molding convenience and mechanical load-bearing capacity of the composite material can be taken into account, which is suitable for the injection molding and compression molding requirements of the reducer components.

[0021] Preferably, the macroscopic reinforcing fiber is one or more of chopped carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber, with a preferred chopped length of 3-10 mm; the nano-reinforcing phase is one or more of graphene, carbon nanotubes, nano-SiO2, and nano-SiC; by using a combination of macroscopic reinforcing fiber and nano-reinforcing phase, the problems of poor toughness, uneven dispersion, and weak interfacial bonding of a single reinforcing phase can be solved, thereby synergistically improving the overall mechanical properties and wear resistance of the composite material.

[0022] Preferably, the wear-resistant friction reducer is one or more of MoS2, graphite, PTFE, and boron nitride, which can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of the composite material, improve the wear resistance of the gearbox components during meshing, reduce wear, and extend the service life of the components; this component is specially added by the present invention to make up for the deficiency of insufficient wear resistance in the prior art.

[0023] Preferably, the toughening agent is one or more of POE, SEBS, and thermoplastic elastomers, which can significantly improve the impact toughness and fatigue resistance of the composite material, prevent the speed reducer components from breaking or being damaged under alternating loads, and solve the problem of insufficient impact toughness of existing materials.

[0024] Preferably, the interface coupling agent is one or more of a silane coupling agent (one or two of KH550 and KH560) and a titanate coupling agent, which can effectively improve the interfacial bonding force between the reinforcing phase and the matrix resin, avoid fiber debonding, and further improve the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the composite material; combined with the subsequent reinforcing phase pretreatment process, a synergistic effect is formed, which is different from the interface improvement method in the prior art that relies solely on coupling agents without pretreatment.

[0025] Preferably, the auxiliary additives include one or more of antioxidants, UV stabilizers, and internal lubricants, wherein the antioxidants are preferably one or two of 1010 and 168, and the internal lubricants are preferably one or two of stearic acid and zinc stearate. This can prevent the composite material from undergoing oxidative degradation during melt processing, improve processing fluidity and molding effect, improve the additive system, and ensure the stability of the overall performance of the material.

[0026] A method for preparing a high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers: This preparation method includes the following steps, is simple in process, and can be industrially scaled up. It differs from the complex modification process described in prior art document CN121895609A and requires no special reaction equipment. Step 1: Reinforcing Phase Pretreatment: The macroscopic reinforcing fibers are placed in a plasma treatment device and surface-treated at a plasma power of 80-120W and a treatment time of 5-15 minutes to improve the surface activity and roughness of the fibers and enhance the interfacial bonding force with the matrix resin. At the same time, the nano-reinforcing phase and the interfacial coupling agent are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.1-0.3, an appropriate amount of ethanol solution is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 10-20 minutes. Then, it is dried at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase. This process is simpler, consumes less energy, and has a more stable interface improvement effect.

[0027] Step 2, Raw material weighing and premixing: According to the above weight ratio, accurately weigh the matrix resin, pretreated reinforcing phase, wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent, toughening agent, remaining interfacial coupling agent and auxiliary additives, put all raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and premix for 5 to 15 minutes at room temperature and a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min to obtain a uniform premix.

[0028] Step 3, Melt Blending and Granulation: The premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation. The temperature settings for each section of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: feed section 180~220℃, melt section 220~280℃, die head section 210~270℃, screw speed 200~300 r / min. After melt blending, the material is water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite material particles. Compared with the prior art, this invention adjusts the extrusion temperature according to different matrix resins, resulting in stronger adaptability and eliminating the need for additional modification reaction steps.

[0029] Step 4, Molding Processing: Place the composite material particles into an injection molding machine or compression molding equipment. Based on the shape and size of the target components of the reducer (gears, worm gears, housings, etc.), set the molding parameters (injection temperature 200~280℃, injection pressure 80~120MPa, holding time 10~30s; compression temperature 150~200℃, compression pressure 5~15MPa, holding time 10~20min) to perform molding processing and obtain a reducer component blank; suitable for various reducer components, unlike the limitation of prior art document CN121895609A which is only suitable for housings.

[0030] Step 5, Post-processing: Place the molded blank in an oven and heat it at 80~120℃ for 2~4 hours to eliminate the internal stress generated during the molding process, improve the dimensional stability and fatigue resistance of the composite material, and finally obtain a high mechanical performance composite material part for the speed reducer. This post-processing step can further optimize the dimensional accuracy of the material and make up for the defects in the prior art that did not pay attention to the elimination of internal stress and the lack of dimensional stability.

[0031] The specific models of raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows. In Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the raw materials used are all of the specific models listed in this section, and will not be individually labeled: Matrix resins: PA66 (DuPont 101F), POM (Synergy M90), PA6 (BASF B3S), PPS (Polyplastics 1140A6), epoxy resin (E51), phenolic epoxy resin (PF-151). Macroscopic reinforcing fibers: chopped carbon fiber (Toray T300, 5mm in length), basalt fiber (Heng Hui BX100, 6mm in length), glass fiber (Taishan Glass Fiber ECS301, 6mm in length), aramid fiber (DuPont Kevlar 49, 4mm in length). Nano-reinforced phases: graphene (Changzhou Sixth Element GNPs-50, particle size 50nm), carbon nanotubes (Shenzhen Nanoport MWCNT-10, particle size 10nm), nano SiO2 (Degussa AEROSIL 200, particle size 30nm), nano SiC (Aladdin S102327, particle size 40nm). Wear-resistant and friction-reducing agents: MoS2 (Aladdin M887878), graphite, PTFE (DuPont Teflon 600), boron nitride; Toughening agents: POE (DuPont 8780), SEBS (Kraton G1650), thermoplastic elastomer (Dow Corning TPR-3030); Interface coupling agents: KH550 (Silicon Power Technology KH550), KH560, titanate coupling agents; Additives: Antioxidant 1010 (BASF IRGANOX 1010), Antioxidant 168, Stearic acid, Zinc stearate (Sinopharm ZnSt-1), UV protectant.

[0032] Comparative Examples 3 and 4 correspond to the core formulations of prior art documents CN118772632B and CN118620382B, respectively, and are used to compare the performance advantages of the present invention. Example 1: A high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, with the following components by weight: 65 parts PA66, 20 parts chopped carbon fiber (5mm in length), 3 parts graphene (50nm in particle size), 5 parts MoS2, 5 parts POE, 1 part KH550, 0.3 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.2 parts zinc stearate.

[0033] Preparation method: Step 1: Pretreatment of the reinforcing phase: Short-cut carbon fibers are placed in a plasma treatment device and treated with 80W power for 10 minutes; graphene is mixed with 0.3 parts of KH550, ethanol solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 minutes, and dried at 80℃ for 3 hours to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase; Step 2, Premix: Weigh all raw materials and put them into a high-speed mixer. Premix at room temperature and 1000 r / min for 10 min. Step 3, melt blending and granulation: the twin-screw extruder feed section is 220°C, the melting section is 260°C, the die head section is 250°C, the screw speed is 250 r / min, and the extrusion is followed by water cooling and pelletizing. Step 4, Molding Process: Injection molding machine temperature 260℃, injection pressure 100MPa, holding time 20s, injection molding to form reducer gear blank; Step 5, Post-processing: Keep warm at 100℃ for 3 hours to obtain the final product.

[0034] Example 2: A high mechanical performance composite material for speed reducers, with the following components by weight: 70 parts POM, 15 parts basalt fiber (6 mm in length), 2 parts nano-SiO2 (30 nm in particle size), 4 parts PTFE, 6 parts POE, 0.8 parts KH550, 0.2 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.1 parts zinc stearate.

[0035] Preparation method: Step 1: Pretreatment of the reinforcing phase: Basalt fibers are placed in a plasma treatment device and treated with 100W power for 8 minutes; nano-SiO2 is mixed with 0.24 parts of KH550, ethanol solution is added and ultrasonically dispersed for 12 minutes, and dried at 90℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase; Step 2, Premix: Weigh all raw materials and put them into a high-speed mixer. Premix at room temperature and 900 r / min for 12 min. Step 3, melt blending and granulation: the feed section of the twin-screw extruder is 190°C, the melting section is 200°C, the die head section is 195°C, the screw speed is 220 r / min, and the extrusion is followed by water cooling and pelletizing. Step 4, Molding Process: Injection molding machine temperature 210℃, injection pressure 90MPa, holding time 25s, injection molding to form a reducer worm gear blank; Step 5, Post-processing: Keep warm at 90℃ for 3.5 hours to obtain the final product.

[0036] Example 3: A high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, with the following components by weight: 55 parts PA66, 12 parts chopped carbon fiber (5 mm in length), 8 parts basalt fiber (6 mm in length), 2 parts graphene (50 nm in particle size), 3 parts MoS2, 2 parts PTFE, 8 parts POE, 1.5 parts KH550, 0.4 parts antioxidant 1010, and 0.3 parts zinc stearate.

[0037] Preparation method: Step 1: Reinforcing phase pretreatment: Short-cut carbon fibers and basalt fibers are mixed and placed in a plasma treatment device and treated at 120W power for 12 minutes; Graphene is mixed with 0.45 parts of KH550, and ethanol solution is added for ultrasonic dispersion for 18 minutes and dried at 100℃ for 2 hours to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase; Step 2, Premix: Weigh all raw materials and put them into a high-speed mixer. Premix at room temperature and 1100 r / min for 8 minutes. Step 3, melt blending and granulation: the feed section of the twin-screw extruder is 230°C, the melting section is 270°C, the die head section is 260°C, the screw speed is 280 r / min, and the extrusion is followed by water cooling and pelletizing. Step 4, Molding Process: Compression molding, temperature 180℃, pressure 10MPa, heat preservation for 15min, forming a gearbox housing blank; Step 5, Post-processing: Keep warm at 110℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain the final product.

[0038] Comparative Example 1: Gear reducers were made using pure PA66 resin. The preparation method only included melt granulation and injection molding, without reinforcing phases, wear-resistant agents, or other components. The remaining process parameters were the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 2: A conventional glass fiber reinforced PA66 composite material (70 parts PA66, 25 parts glass fiber (6 mm in length), and 0.5 parts zinc stearate) was used. The preparation method was the same as in Example 1, but without nano-reinforcing phase, wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent, and toughening agent.

[0040] Comparative Example 3: A composite material, by weight, comprises the following components: 65 parts nylon 56, 13 parts maleic anhydride-grafted POE, 17 parts glass fiber, 8 parts graphene oxide, 5 parts aminated carbon nanotubes, 3 parts amino-modified inorganic nanoparticles, 3 parts KH560, and 2 parts zinc stearate; Preparation method: without reinforcing phase pretreatment, all components (glass fiber side feed) are added to a twin-screw extruder, extrusion temperature is 270℃, screw speed is 400 r / min, without post-treatment, and formed into a reducer gear blank.

[0041] Comparative Example 4: A composite material, by weight, has the following components: 55 parts high-viscosity nylon 610, 15 parts low-viscosity nylon 610, 28 parts glass fiber, 5 parts carbon fiber, 7 parts nano-silica, 3 parts POE-grafted maleic anhydride, 2 parts KH550, 2 parts silicone powder, and 3 parts antioxidant 1010; Preparation method: No reinforcing phase pretreatment, the premix (glass fiber and carbon fiber side feed) is added to a twin-screw extruder, the extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, the screw speed is 550 r / min, no post-treatment is performed, and it is formed into a reducer gear blank.

[0042] Performance testing: The tensile strength, flexural strength, abrasion resistance (wear amount), and density of the products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested respectively. The test results are shown in the table below: Example 1 135 195 12 1.4 Example 2 128 188 10.5 1.3 Example 3 142 205 9.8 1.45 Comparative Example 1 75 105 45 1.15 Comparative Example 2 102 158 28 1.38 Comparative Example 3 118 172 18.5 1.42 Comparative Example 4 120 178 22.3 1.43 As can be seen from the above test results, the composite materials of Examples 1-3 of the present invention are significantly better than those of Comparative Examples 1-4 in terms of tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength. The wear is significantly reduced, the density is moderate, and the lightweight effect is obvious. Among them, compared with Comparative Examples 3-4 of the comparative documents, the wear is reduced by more than 30%, which fully demonstrates the performance advantages brought by the present invention through plasma pretreatment, improved additive system, and optimized reinforcing phase compounding. It fully meets the usage requirements of various components of the reducer and highlights the inventiveness and practicality of the present invention.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications, alterations, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, characterized in that, The composite material comprises the following components by weight: matrix resin: 50-80 parts; reinforcing phase: 11-35 parts; wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent: 2-8 parts; toughening agent: 3-10 parts; interfacial coupling agent: 0.5-2 parts; auxiliary additives: 0.1-1 parts.

2. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing phase is composed of macroscopic reinforcing fibers and nano-reinforcing phase, wherein the macroscopic reinforcing fibers are 10-30 parts and the nano-reinforcing phase is 1-5 parts. The matrix resin is one or a blend of two of thermoplastic resins or thermosetting resins.

3. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermoplastic resin is preferably one or more of PA66, PA6, POM, and PPS, and the thermosetting resin is preferably one or more of epoxy resin and phenolic epoxy resin.

4. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The macroscopic reinforcing fiber is one or more of chopped carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, and aramid fiber, with the chopped length preferably being 3-10 mm; the nano-reinforcing phase is one or more of graphene, carbon nanotubes, nano-SiO2, and nano-SiC.

5. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent is one or more of MoS2, graphite, PTFE, and boron nitride.

6. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toughening agent is one or more of POE, SEBS, and thermoplastic elastomers.

7. The high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents.

8. A high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent is one or both of KH550 and KH560.

9. A high-mechanical-performance composite material for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary agents include one or more of antioxidants, UV stabilizers, and internal lubricants, wherein the antioxidants are preferably one or two of 1010 and 168, and the internal lubricants are preferably one or two of stearic acid and zinc stearate.

10. A method for preparing a high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers, used to prepare the high-mechanical-performance composite material for speed reducers as described in claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Reinforcing Phase Pretreatment: The macroscopic reinforcing fibers are placed in a plasma treatment device and surface treated at a plasma power of 80~120W and a treatment time of 5~15min to improve the surface activity and roughness of the fibers and enhance the interfacial bonding force with the matrix resin. At the same time, the nano-reinforcing phase and the interfacial coupling agent are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.1~0.3, an appropriate amount of ethanol solution is added, and the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 10~20min. Then, it is dried at 80~100℃ for 2~4h to obtain the pretreated reinforcing phase. Step 2, Raw material weighing and premixing: According to the above weight ratio, accurately weigh the matrix resin, pretreated reinforcing phase, wear-resistant and friction-reducing agent, toughening agent, remaining interfacial coupling agent and auxiliary additives, put all raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and premix for 5 to 15 minutes at room temperature and a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min to obtain a uniform premix. Step 3, Melt Blending and Granulation: The premixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and granulation. The temperature settings for each section of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: feed section 180~220℃, melt section 220~280℃, die head section 210~270℃, screw speed 200~300 r / min; after melt blending, the material is water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite material particles. Step 4: Molding and processing: Place the composite material particles into an injection molding machine or compression molding equipment, set the molding parameters according to the shape and size of the target part of the reducer, and perform molding and processing to obtain the reducer part blank; Step 5, Post-processing: Place the molded blank in an oven and heat it at 80~120℃ for 2~4 hours to eliminate the internal stress generated during the molding process, improve the dimensional stability and fatigue resistance of the composite material, and finally obtain a high mechanical performance composite material part for the speed reducer.