Thermal insulation waterproof building coating, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of heat-insulating waterproof coating, and particularly discloses a heat-insulating waterproof building coating, a preparation method and application thereof. The heat-insulating waterproof building coating comprises a silicone hybrid emulsion, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating fillers, a film-forming aid, a defoaming agent, a thixotropic lubricant and water. The heat-insulating waterproof building coating provided by the application has excellent heat-insulating performance, waterproof performance, weather resistance and storage stability after curing, solves the problems that the traditional coating is difficult to simultaneously have heat-insulating and waterproof functions, the hollow microbeads are prone to stratification and ultrasonic breakage during storage, the two-component system is complicated to construct and has a short applicable period, and makes the cured coating adapt to the building working conditions, such as metal roofs, concrete roofs, outer walls and outer walls of storage tanks, which simultaneously require heat insulation and waterproofing, and meets the comprehensive requirements of building engineering on energy saving and consumption reduction and long-term protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat-insulating and waterproof coating technology, specifically disclosing a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building energy conservation and waterproofing engineering, thermal insulation and waterproof coatings are important functional materials for ensuring the thermal performance and structural durability of buildings. They are widely used in metal roofs, concrete roofs, exterior walls, tank exteriors, and pipelines. Their core function is to form a composite coating through the coating and curing process, which combines solar radiation reflection, heat barrier, and waterproofing. This coating effectively reduces the transfer of solar radiation heat and external environmental heat into the building interior, lowering air conditioning energy consumption. Simultaneously, it prevents liquid water and water vapor from penetrating the substrate, preventing corrosion, cracking, and peeling caused by water erosion and thermal stress, thus meeting the comprehensive needs of buildings for energy conservation, emission reduction, and long-term protection.

[0003] To achieve both thermal insulation and waterproofing functions in coatings, current technologies often employ the physical incorporation of thermally insulating fillers into polymer waterproof coatings, such as hollow glass microspheres, expanded perlite, or aerogel particles. Hollow glass microspheres, due to their hollow structure, can block heat conduction, thus reducing the coating's thermal conductivity to some extent. However, this physical incorporation method has significant drawbacks: hollow glass microspheres have low density and are prone to floating and separating during water-based coating storage, requiring re-stirring after opening, which is inconvenient and results in significant batch-to-batch fluctuations in coating performance; the thin walls of hollow glass microspheres make them easily broken during high-speed dispersion, milling, and ultrasonic degassing in coating production, resulting in the loss of their hollow thermal insulation structure and a significant decrease in insulation effectiveness; the smooth, chemically inert surface of hollow glass microspheres leads to weak interfacial bonding with the polymer matrix, making them susceptible to detachment from the matrix and the formation of pores under long-term exposure to sunlight, rain, and temperature cycling, causing a simultaneous decline in both waterproofing and thermal insulation performance. In addition, although traditional cement waterproof coatings have a certain waterproof function, they have no heat insulation effect and have defects such as high construction requirements, short service life and large coating shrinkage rate, making it difficult to meet the application scenarios such as metal roofs and storage tank exteriors, which have strict requirements for both heat insulation and waterproofing.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, there is an urgent need to improve existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of poor storage stability, difficulty in achieving both insulation and waterproofing in existing thermal insulation coatings, and cumbersome application and short pot life of two-component waterproof coatings, this invention provides a thermal insulation and waterproof building coating, its preparation method, and its application. The thermal insulation and waterproof building coating comprises an organosilicon hybrid emulsion, phase change microcapsules, reflective thermal insulation filler, film-forming aid, defoamer, thixotropic lubricant, and water. The thermal insulation and waterproof building coating provided by this invention optimizes the microstructure of the cured film through the synergistic effect of its components, improving thermal insulation performance, waterproofing performance, and storage stability. It avoids the problem of mutual constraints between the thermal insulation and waterproofing functions of traditional coatings, extends the protective life, and meets the protection requirements for thermal insulation and waterproofing in building applications such as metal roofs, concrete roofs, exterior walls, and tank exteriors. Furthermore, the thermal insulation and waterproof building coating provided by this invention is a single-component system, ready to use upon opening, requiring no on-site metering and mixing, simplifying operation, and having no pot life limitation. It avoids the performance fluctuations caused by mixing deviations in traditional two-component coatings, and exhibits no stratification during storage, meeting the requirements for environmentally friendly functional building coatings.

[0006] The present invention provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating, which, by weight, comprises the following components: 40-55 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 20-35 parts of phase change microcapsules, 5-12 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 2-5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.1-0.5 parts of defoamer, 0.1-0.5 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 5-15 parts of water.

[0007] In this invention, the organosilicon hybrid emulsion serves as the core film-forming material. Organosilicon oligomers prepared by the sol-gel method are hybridized with polyacrylate emulsion to form a molecular-level hybrid network structure.

[0008] Among them, methyltriethoxysilane, as a trifunctional silane monomer, forms a three-dimensional cross-linked siloxane network skeleton after hydrolysis and condensation, endowing the coating with excellent high-temperature resistance, UV aging resistance, and chemical stability. Dimethyldiethoxysilane, as a difunctional silane monomer, forms linear siloxane segments after condensation, increasing the flexibility and elasticity of the coating and avoiding the brittleness of the coating caused by excessive cross-linking density of pure trifunctional silanes. Phenylacetoxysilane introduces phenyl side groups, improving the refractive index matching and compatibility between the organosilicon oligomer and the polyacrylate emulsion, preventing macroscopic phase separation during film formation and forming a uniform and transparent continuous film. The polyacrylate emulsion, as the organic phase, has a glass transition temperature controlled between 10 and 25°C. While giving the coating good film-forming properties and adhesion, it can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction deformation caused by the temperature difference cycle under solar radiation on the metal roof and the outer wall of the storage tank, avoiding cracking of the coating due to thermal stress.

[0009] Organosilicon oligomers and polyacrylate emulsions form a hybrid network through chemical bonding and physical interpenetration, giving the coating both the weather resistance and hydrophobicity of organosilicon materials and the film-forming flexibility of polyacrylate, thus endowing the coating with excellent waterproof and anti-aging properties from the bulk.

[0010] In this invention, the phase change microcapsules use paraffin as the phase change core material, metakaolin, slag powder and fly ash generated by alkali activation reaction to form phase change porous particles as adsorption carriers, and polymethyl methacrylate as the outer shell.

[0011] Paraffin wax, as a phase change material, has a melting point in the range of 45~65℃, which is close to the surface temperature of metal roofs and storage tank walls under summer sunlight conditions. When the surface temperature of the coating rises above the melting point of paraffin wax, the paraffin wax changes from solid to liquid, absorbing a large amount of latent heat of phase change, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the coating and the substrate. When the temperature drops at night or on cloudy days, the liquid paraffin wax re-solidifies, releasing the stored heat and forming a temperature regulation cycle.

[0012] Phase change porous particles are produced by the polymerization reaction of metakaolin, slag powder and fly ash under the alkaline activation of sodium hydroxide and water glass, forming a porous aluminosilicate material with a zeolite-like three-dimensional network structure. The material contains a large number of micro and nano-sized pores, which can firmly adsorb and fix molten paraffin through capillary action, preventing the paraffin from leaking or migrating during the phase change process.

[0013] Meanwhile, the phase change porous particles themselves possess excellent thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical strength. Their inorganic aluminosilicate framework does not soften or burn at high temperatures, complementing the organic phase change function of paraffin. The polymethyl methacrylate shell is coated onto the surface of the geopolymer particles through in-situ polymerization, forming a dense protective layer that further prevents paraffin leakage. Simultaneously, it improves the compatibility of the phase change microcapsules with the organosilicon hybrid emulsion, enabling them to disperse uniformly in the coating system and avoiding localized coating defects caused by microcapsule aggregation.

[0014] In this invention, the reflective heat insulation filler uses rutile titanium dioxide as its core. First, a dense silicon dioxide shell is coated on its surface by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate. Then, the silicon dioxide-coated titanium dioxide powder is physically composited with porous silicon dioxide.

[0015] Rutile titanium dioxide, with its extremely high refractive index, exhibits excellent reflectivity for visible and near-infrared light from sunlight, reflecting most of the solar radiation energy back into the atmosphere. This reduces the absorption of solar heat by the coating at its source, lowering the temperature of both the coating surface and the substrate. The silica coating layer isolates the titanium dioxide particles from direct contact, preventing the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide from causing degradation of organic components in the organosilicon hybrid emulsion under ultraviolet light irradiation, thus extending the coating's weather resistance and service life. Simultaneously, the silica coating layer's surface is rich in silanol groups, possessing a natural affinity for the porous silica surface, promoting uniform dispersion and interfacial bonding of both fillers in the coating system.

[0016] Porous silica contains numerous nanoscale pores, and the air within these pores has extremely low thermal conductivity, effectively blocking heat conduction within the coating and reducing its thermal conductivity. The reflective insulating filler achieves a synergistic effect through the solar reflectivity of titanium dioxide and the thermal barrier properties of porous silica, simultaneously realizing a dual insulating mechanism of reflectivity and barrier properties, significantly improving the overall thermal insulation performance of the coating.

[0017] In this invention, the film-forming aid is used to reduce the minimum film-forming temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion, so that the polymer particles can fully deform and fuse to form a continuous film layer at the application temperature, thereby avoiding coating cracking or powdering problems caused by poor film formation.

[0018] In this invention, the defoamer is used to eliminate air bubbles introduced during the coating production process, preventing air bubbles from forming pinholes or pore defects in the coating after construction, and ensuring the continuity and density of the coating structure and the reliability of its heat insulation and waterproof performance.

[0019] In this invention, the thixotropic lubricant is used to adjust the rheological properties of the coating, giving the coating good thixotropic properties, so that it maintains high viscosity in a static state, preventing sedimentation and stratification of porous silica and phase change microcapsules due to density differences during storage; the viscosity decreases under construction shear, making it easy to apply by scraping, rolling or spraying; the viscosity recovers quickly after construction, avoiding sagging during vertical construction.

[0020] Preferably, the film-forming aid is selected from one or both of dipropylene glycol butyl ether or decyl alcohol ester.

[0021] Preferably, the defoamer is selected from one or both of mineral oil defoamers and organosilicon defoamers.

[0022] Preferably, the thixotropic lubricant is selected from one or both of cellulose ethers or bentonite.

[0023] Preferably, the method for preparing the organosilicon hybrid emulsion includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution are mixed and stirred at 25~35℃, and then heated to 50~65℃ for hydrolysis and condensation to obtain organosilicon oligomer sol.

[0025] S2. Heat the polyacrylate emulsion to 60~75℃, add the organosilicon oligomer sol, and stir to obtain an organosilicon hybrid emulsion.

[0026] S1, by limiting the mass concentration and amount of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, can provide a suitable acidic catalytic environment for the hydrolysis and condensation of silane monomers. Under these conditions, the hydrolysis rate of silane is greater than the condensation rate, which is conducive to the formation of linear or low-branched organosilicon oligomer sols and avoids gelation or precipitation caused by excessively rapid condensation under alkaline conditions.

[0027] S1, by limiting the initial stirring temperature to 25-35°C, enables the silane monomer to be fully pre-hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, forming a homogeneous silanol intermediate. The system temperature is naturally maintained by the heat of hydrolysis, avoiding excessively high initial temperatures that could lead to uncontrolled hydrolysis and gel formation. Subsequent heating to 50-65°C promotes condensation. Within this temperature range, the condensation rate is moderate, effectively forming a three-dimensional network structure while maintaining the sol's fluidity and processability.

[0028] S2, by limiting the heating temperature and stirring speed of the polyacrylate emulsion, enables the organosilicon oligomer sol to be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in the polyacrylate emulsion during the addition process, and further condensation and physical interpenetration occur at this temperature to form a molecular-level hybrid network structure.

[0029] In S2, the mass ratio of polyacrylate emulsion to organosilicon oligomer sol is limited to 1:0.15~0.35. Within this range, the weather resistance and hydrophobicity of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion can be significantly improved, while avoiding excessive hardness and insufficient flexibility of the coating film due to excessive organosilicon content.

[0030] Preferably, in S1, the mass-to-volume ratio of methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is 1g:(0.4~0.8)g:(0.2~0.4)g:(0.5~1.2)mL, and the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is 1%~3%.

[0031] Furthermore, the mass ratio of methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, and phenyltriethoxysilane is limited to 1:0.4~0.8:0.2~0.4. The trifunctional methyltriethoxysilane provides the crosslinking framework, the difunctional dimethyldiethoxysilane adjusts the flexibility, and the phenyltriethoxysilane improves the compatibility with the organic phase. Within this ratio range, the three work synergistically to ensure the film-forming properties of the hybrid emulsion and to impart excellent weather resistance and hydrophobicity to the coating.

[0032] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is limited to 1% to 3%, and the amount used is limited to 50% to 120% of the total mass of silane. Within this range, the pH value of the system can be maintained in the optimal hydrolysis and condensation range of 3 to 5, and the hydrolysis and condensation rates of silane reach a better balance. This ensures that silanols are fully hydrolyzed to generate silanols for condensation, while avoiding excessive condensation that would cause the sol to lose its fluidity.

[0033] Preferably, in S1, the stirring speed is 400~800 r / min and the time is 0.5~1.5 h.

[0034] Preferably, in S1, the hydrolysis and condensation are carried out under stirring conditions, with a rotation speed of 400~800 r / min and a time of 2~4 h.

[0035] Preferably, in S2, the glass transition temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion is 10~25℃, the solid content is 48%~55%, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylate emulsion to the organosilicon oligomer sol is 1:0.15~0.35.

[0036] Preferably, in S2, the stirring speed is 200~400 r / min and the time is 1~3 h.

[0037] Preferably, the preparation method of the phase change microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Mix metakaolin, slag powder and fly ash, then add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and water glass, mix, age at 40~60℃, then pour into molds to form, solidify in an oven at 60~80℃, crush and screen to obtain phase change porous particles;

[0039] Step 2: Heat the paraffin wax to melt, add the phase change porous particles to the molten paraffin wax, impregnate under vacuum conditions, remove and drain excess paraffin wax from the surface, cool to room temperature, and obtain phase change particles that adsorb phase change material.

[0040] Step 3: After mixing and dissolving methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixture is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change particles of the adsorbent phase change material under stirring conditions, and a polymerization reaction is carried out at 60~75℃ to obtain phase change microcapsules.

[0041] Step one, by limiting the temperature and time of aging, allows metakaolin, slag powder, and fly ash to fully undergo dissolution, depolymerization, and condensation reactions under the action of an alkaline activator, forming a uniform geopolymer precursor slurry that provides good processing performance for subsequent curing and molding. The combination of injection molding and low-temperature oven curing allows the geopolymer to gradually dehydrate and condense under relatively mild conditions, forming a porous structure with abundant micro- and nano-pores.

[0042] Step two, through vacuum impregnation, effectively removes air from the pores within the phase change porous particles, allowing the molten paraffin to penetrate deep into the micropores under vacuum negative pressure, achieving efficient adsorption and firm fixation of the paraffin. The vacuum level is limited to -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, within which high adsorption efficiency is ensured while avoiding excessive boiling or extraction of the paraffin due to excessively high vacuum.

[0043] Step three, by limiting the polymerization temperature, enables azobisisobutyronitrile (AIB) to generate free radicals at a suitable decomposition rate, initiating in-situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MDMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDM) on the surface of the phase change particles, forming a uniform and dense polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) coated shell. The introduction of EDM as a crosslinking agent enables the shell to form a three-dimensional crosslinked network, improving its density and solvent resistance.

[0044] Preferably, in step one, the mass-to-volume ratio of metakaolin, slag powder, fly ash, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and water glass is 100g:(30~70g):(10~40)g:(12~45)mL:(24~75)mL, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 8~12mol / L, and the modulus of the water glass is 2.8~3.3.

[0045] Furthermore, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is limited to 8–12 mol / L, and the modulus of the water glass is limited to 2.8–3.3. Under these alkaline activation conditions, the aluminosilicates in metakaolin and slag can fully dissolve and recrystallize into a geopolymer network structure in a short time, resulting in products with high strength and abundant porosity. The mass ratio of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to water glass is limited to 1:1.5–2.5, with both synergistically providing the OH⁻ and soluble silicate ions required for alkaline activation.

[0046] Preferably, in step one, the aging process takes 2 to 4 hours.

[0047] Preferably, in step one, the curing time is 12~24h.

[0048] Preferably, in step one, the mesh size of the crushing and screening screen is 20 to 80 mesh.

[0049] Furthermore, the mesh size of the crushing and screening is limited to 20-80 mesh, resulting in phase change porous particles with a moderate particle size, which can provide sufficient specific surface area to adsorb paraffin and ensure the dispersibility and workability of the particles in the coating system.

[0050] Preferably, in step two, the mass-to-volume ratio of the phase change porous particles to paraffin is 100g:80~150mL.

[0051] Furthermore, the amount of paraffin used is limited to 80~150mL for every 100g of geopolymer particles. Within this range, it can ensure that the paraffin fully fills the pores of the geopolymer to achieve a high phase transition enthalpy value, while avoiding excessive paraffin leading to too much free paraffin on the particle surface, which would affect the subsequent PMMA coating effect.

[0052] Preferably, in step two, the vacuum degree of the vacuum condition is -0.08 to -0.1 MPa.

[0053] Preferably, in step two, the immersion time is 30-90 minutes.

[0054] Preferably, in step three, the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile and the adsorbent phase change material particles is 1:0.03~0.08:0.01~0.03:15~25.

[0055] Preferably, in step three, the stirring speed is 200~400 r / min.

[0056] Furthermore, the stirring speed is limited to 200~400 r / min. Within this range, the sprayed mixed monomers can be evenly spread on the surface of the phase change particles, avoiding collision and wear between particles due to excessive speed or uneven distribution of monomers due to excessive speed.

[0057] Preferably, in step three, the polymerization reaction takes 2 to 4 hours.

[0058] Preferably, the preparation method of the reflective heat-insulating filler includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Add titanium dioxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, add ammonia to adjust the pH to 9-11, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, and perform coating treatment at 40-55℃ to obtain silica-coated titanium dioxide powder.

[0060] Step 2: Add the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder to water, ultrasonically disperse it evenly, then add porous silica, and stir and mix at 40~60℃ to obtain a reflective heat insulation filler.

[0061] Step one, by limiting the pH range adjusted by ammonia, provides an alkaline catalytic environment for the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate, allowing tetraethyl orthosilicate to uniformly hydrolyze and condense on the surface of titanium dioxide particles to form a dense silica coating layer. This effectively isolates the photocatalytic active centers of titanium dioxide, preventing photocatalytic degradation when it comes into contact with the organosilicon hybrid emulsion.

[0062] In step two, silica-coated titanium dioxide powder is ultrasonically dispersed in water to fully wet its surface and form a uniform suspension. Then, porous silica is added and stirred to mix the powders, allowing them to fully contact and combine in the liquid phase. After filtration and drying, a uniform reflective composite heat insulation filler is formed.

[0063] Preferably, in step one, the titanium dioxide is rutile and has an average particle size of 200~400nm.

[0064] Furthermore, the particle size of titanium dioxide is limited to 200~400nm. Within this particle size range, titanium dioxide has the highest scattering efficiency for visible and near-infrared light, and can reflect solar radiation to the maximum extent.

[0065] Preferably, in step one, the mass-to-volume ratio of titanium dioxide, anhydrous ethanol, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 10g: 50~80mL: 2~5mL.

[0066] The optimized dosage of tetraethyl orthosilicate is limited to 5% to 25% of the mass of titanium dioxide. Within this dosage range, after hydrolysis and condensation, tetraethyl orthosilicate can form a uniform and continuous silica coating layer on the surface of titanium dioxide. The coating layer has a moderate thickness, which can effectively isolate photocatalytic activity without significantly affecting the refractive index and reflectivity of titanium dioxide.

[0067] Preferably, in step one, the coating process is carried out under stirring conditions, with a rotation speed of 800~1200 r / min and a time of 3~5 h.

[0068] Preferably, in step two, the porous silica has an average particle size of 1~10μm, a specific surface area of ​​200~600m² / g, and an average pore size of 5~30nm.

[0069] Furthermore, the average pore size of porous silica is limited to 5~30nm. This pore size range falls within the mesoporous category. The mean free path of air molecules in mesoporous pores is greater than the pore size, which can effectively suppress air convection heat transfer and reduce the thermal conductivity of the air in the pores to close to the theoretical minimum value of still air.

[0070] Preferably, in step two, the mass ratio of the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder, porous silica, and water is 1:2~5:10~20.

[0071] Preferably, in step two, the stirring speed is 400~800 r / min and the time is 1~3 h.

[0072] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating described in the foregoing solution, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Mix water, film-forming aid and defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion while stirring at 400~800 r / min, and continue stirring for 15~30 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0074] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 200~400r / min, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating filler and thixotropic lubricant are added to the liquid premix in sequence and stirred for 10~20min to obtain heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0075] Step 1, by limiting the stirring speed and time, ensures that the film-forming aid is fully dissolved and evenly penetrates the surface of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion particles, promoting the fusion of emulsion particles into a film after application. At the same time, the defoamer is evenly dispersed to eliminate air bubbles that may be introduced during subsequent stirring.

[0076] Step 2, by limiting the stirring speed to a low range, avoids the shear force generated by high-speed stirring from damaging the polymethyl methacrylate coating of the phase change microcapsules, ensuring the integrity and sealing of the phase change microcapsules in the finished coating, and ensuring storage stability and the reliability of the phase change function.

[0077] The third aspect of this invention provides the application of the aforementioned heat-insulating and waterproof building coating in the field of heat insulation and waterproofing.

[0078] When applying the aforementioned heat-insulating and waterproof building coating to substrates such as metal roofs, concrete roofs, exterior walls, and tank exteriors, it can be applied by scraping, rolling, or spraying. After application, the moisture in the coating gradually evaporates, and the organosilicon hybrid emulsion particles fuse to form a continuous and dense organosilicon-polyacrylate hybrid film. Simultaneously, reflective heat-insulating fillers are uniformly distributed in the coating. Through the dual mechanisms of titanium dioxide reflecting sunlight and porous silica blocking heat conduction, a synergistic heat insulation effect of reflective and blocking properties is achieved. Phase change microcapsules absorb heat when the coating temperature rises and release heat when the temperature drops, regulating the temperature fluctuation range of the coating. At room temperature, the surface drying time is ≤2 hours, the complete drying time is ≤8 hours, the coating's solar reflectance is ≥0.85, the thermal conductivity is ≤0.10 W / (m·K), the bond strength is ≥1.0 MPa, and the impermeability meets the standard requirements.

[0079] In summary, this invention provides a thermally insulating and waterproof building coating. This coating, by weight, comprises an organosilicon hybrid emulsion, phase change microcapsules, reflective thermal insulation fillers, film-forming aids, defoamers, thixotropic lubricants, and water. The thermally insulating and waterproof building coating provided by this invention utilizes the organosilicon hybrid emulsion to provide a molecular-level hybrid film-forming network and bulk hydrophobic and weather-resistant properties. The phase change microcapsules achieve self-regulation of coating temperature and long-term storage stability. The reflective thermal insulation fillers achieve efficient thermal insulation through the synergistic effect of titanium dioxide reflection and porous silica barrier. The synergistic effect of each component solves the problems of traditional coatings' difficulty in simultaneously achieving thermal insulation and waterproofing functions, the easy delamination of hollow microspheres during storage, and their susceptibility to ultrasonic breakage. This allows the coating to possess excellent thermal insulation performance while also being waterproof and weather-resistant, meeting the protection requirements for thermal insulation and waterproofing in building applications such as metal roofs, concrete roofs, exterior walls, and tank exteriors.

[0080] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating. This preparation method can be completed by step mixing, without the need for special high-temperature or high-pressure equipment, is easy to operate, has good storage stability, and is suitable for large-scale production.

[0081] In addition, the present invention also provides an application method of heat-insulating and waterproof building coating in the field of heat insulation and waterproofing. The coating can be applied to various building substrates through conventional scraping, rolling or spraying processes in the field. The resulting heat-insulating and waterproof coating can be directly used for heat insulation and waterproofing projects of buildings such as metal roofs, concrete roofs, exterior walls and storage tank exteriors, to achieve efficient protection of the building substrate and avoid structural damage caused by heat penetration and water erosion. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely one embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] The chemical reagents used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are all commercially available products and have not undergone further purification or processing.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] This embodiment provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0086] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0087] The mixture consists of 40 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 20 parts of phase change microcapsules, 5 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 2 parts of film-forming aid, 0.1 parts of defoamer, 0.1 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 5 parts of water.

[0088] The film-forming aid is dipropylene glycol butyl ether;

[0089] The defoamer is a mineral oil defoamer;

[0090] The thixotropic lubricant is a cellulose ether.

[0091] The preparation method of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion includes the following steps:

[0092] S1. Mix 100g of methyltriethoxysilane, 40g of dimethyldiethoxysilane, 20g of phenyltriethoxysilane and 50mL of 1% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stir at 25℃ and 400r / min for 0.5h, then heat to 50℃ and perform hydrolysis and condensation at 400r / min for 2h to obtain organosilicon oligomer sol.

[0093] S2. The polyacrylate emulsion is heated to 60°C, and the organosilicon oligomer sol is added under stirring at 200 r / min. After the addition is complete, stirring is continued for 1 h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain an organosilicon hybrid emulsion. The glass transition temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion is 10°C, the solid content is 48%, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylate emulsion to the organosilicon oligomer sol is 1:0.15.

[0094] The preparation method of the phase change microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 1: Mix 100g metakaolin, 30g slag powder and 10g fly ash evenly, add 12mL of 8mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and 24mL of water glass with a modulus of 2.8, stir into a uniform slurry, age at 40℃ for 2h, then pour into a spherical mold to form, cure in an oven at 60℃ for 12h, crush and sieve to 20 mesh to obtain phase change porous particles;

[0096] Step 2: Heat the paraffin wax to 70℃ to melt it, add 100g of the phase change porous particles to 80mL of molten paraffin wax, and immerse them for 30min under a vacuum of -0.08MPa. After removing them, drain the excess paraffin wax from the surface and cool them to room temperature to obtain phase change particles that adsorb phase change material.

[0097] Step 3: Mix and dissolve 1g of methyl methacrylate, 0.03g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.01g of azobisisobutyronitrile, then spray the mixture onto the surface of 15g of the phase change particles of the adsorbent phase change material under stirring at 200r / min. Perform a polymerization reaction at 60℃ for 2h to obtain phase change microcapsules.

[0098] The preparation method of the reflective heat-insulating filler includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: Add 10g of rutile titanium dioxide to 50mL of anhydrous ethanol, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, add ammonia to adjust the pH to 9, then add 2mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and perform coating treatment at 40℃ and 800r / min for 3h. After centrifugation, washing, drying, and grinding, obtain silica-coated titanium dioxide powder; wherein, the average particle size of the titanium dioxide is 200nm.

[0100] Step 2: Add 10g of the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder to 100g of water and ultrasonically disperse it evenly. Then add 20g of porous silica and stir and mix for 1h at 40℃ and 400r / min. After filtration, drying and grinding, a reflective heat insulation filler is obtained. The porous silica has an average particle size of 1μm, a specific surface area of ​​200m² / g, and an average pore size of 5nm.

[0101] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0102] Step 1: Mix water, dipropylene glycol butyl ether and mineral oil defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion while stirring at 400 r / min, and continue stirring for 15 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0103] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 200 r / min, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating filler and cellulose ether are added to the liquid premix in sequence and stirred for 10 min to obtain heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] This embodiment provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0106] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0107] The mixture contains 55 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 35 parts of phase change microcapsules, 12 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.5 parts of defoamer, 0.5 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 15 parts of water.

[0108] The film-forming aid is dodecyl alcohol ester;

[0109] The defoamer is an organosilicone defoamer;

[0110] The thixotropic lubricant is bentonite.

[0111] The preparation method of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion includes the following steps:

[0112] S1. Mix 100g of methyltriethoxysilane, 80g of dimethyldiethoxysilane, 40g of phenyltriethoxysilane and 120mL of 3% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stir at 35℃ and 800r / min for 1.5h, then heat to 65℃ and perform hydrolysis and condensation at 800r / min for 4h to obtain organosilicon oligomer sol.

[0113] S2. The polyacrylate emulsion is heated to 75°C, and the organosilicon oligomer sol is added under stirring at 400 r / min. After the addition is complete, stirring is continued for 3 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain an organosilicon hybrid emulsion. The glass transition temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion is 25°C, the solid content is 55%, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylate emulsion to the organosilicon oligomer sol is 1:0.35.

[0114] The preparation method of the phase change microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0115] Step 1: Mix 100g metakaolin, 70g slag powder and 40g fly ash evenly, add 45mL of 12mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and 75mL of water glass with a modulus of 3.3, stir into a uniform slurry, age at 60℃ for 4h, then pour into a spherical mold to form, cure in an 80℃ oven for 24h, crush and sieve to 80 mesh to obtain phase change porous particles;

[0116] Step 2: Heat the paraffin wax to 85°C to melt it, add 100g of the phase change porous particles to 150mL of molten paraffin wax, and immerse them for 90min under a vacuum of -0.1MPa. After removing them, drain off the excess paraffin wax on the surface and cool them to room temperature to obtain phase change particles that adsorb phase change material.

[0117] Step 3: Mix and dissolve 1g of methyl methacrylate, 0.08g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.03g of azobisisobutyronitrile, and spray the mixture onto the surface of 25g of the phase change particles of the adsorbent phase change material under stirring at 400r / min. Then, carry out a polymerization reaction at 75℃ for 4h to obtain phase change microcapsules.

[0118] The preparation method of the reflective heat-insulating filler includes the following steps:

[0119] Step 1: Add 10g of rutile titanium dioxide to 80mL of anhydrous ethanol, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, adjust the pH to 11 by adding ammonia, then add 5mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and perform coating treatment at 55℃ and 1200r / min for 5h. After centrifugation, washing, drying, and grinding, obtain silica-coated titanium dioxide powder; wherein the average particle size of the titanium dioxide is 400nm.

[0120] Step 2: Add 10g of the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder to 200g of water and ultrasonically disperse it evenly. Then add 50g of porous silica and stir and mix at 60℃ and 800r / min for 3h. After filtration, drying and grinding, a reflective heat insulation filler is obtained. The porous silica has an average particle size of 10μm, a specific surface area of ​​600m² / g, and an average pore size of 30nm.

[0121] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 1: Mix water, dodecyl alcohol ester and silicone defoamer, then add silicone hybrid emulsion while stirring at 800 r / min, and continue stirring for 30 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0123] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 400 r / min, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating filler and bentonite are added to the liquid premix in sequence and stirred for 20 min to obtain heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0124] Example 3

[0125] This embodiment provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0126] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0127] The mixture contains 48 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 28 parts of phase change microcapsules, 8 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 3.5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 parts of defoamer, 0.3 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 10 parts of water.

[0128] The film-forming aid is alcohol ester dodecyl;

[0129] The defoamer is a mineral oil defoamer;

[0130] The thixotropic lubricant is a cellulose ether.

[0131] The preparation method of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion includes the following steps:

[0132] S1. Mix 100g of methyltriethoxysilane, 60g of dimethyldiethoxysilane, 30g of phenyltriethoxysilane and 85mL of 2% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, stir at 30℃ and 600r / min for 1h, then heat to 58℃ and perform hydrolysis and condensation at 600r / min for 3h to obtain organosilicon oligomer sol.

[0133] S2. The polyacrylate emulsion is heated to 68°C, and the organosilicon oligomer sol is added under stirring at 300 r / min. After the addition is complete, stirring is continued for 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain an organosilicon hybrid emulsion. The glass transition temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion is 18°C, the solid content is 52%, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylate emulsion to the organosilicon oligomer sol is 1:0.25.

[0134] The preparation method of the phase change microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0135] Step 1: Mix 100g metakaolin, 50g slag powder and 25g fly ash evenly, add 28mL of 10mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and 50mL of water glass with a modulus of 3.0, stir into a uniform slurry, age at 50℃ for 3h, then pour into a spherical mold to form, cure in an oven at 70℃ for 18h, crush and sieve to 50 mesh to obtain phase change porous particles;

[0136] Step 2: Heat the paraffin wax to 78°C to melt it, add 100g of the phase change porous particles to 115mL of molten paraffin wax, and immerse them under a vacuum of -0.09MPa for 60min. After removing them, drain the excess paraffin wax from the surface and cool them to room temperature to obtain phase change particles that adsorb phase change material.

[0137] Step 3: Mix and dissolve 1g of methyl methacrylate, 0.05g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 0.02g of azobisisobutyronitrile, and spray the mixture onto the surface of 20g of the phase change particles of the adsorbent phase change material under stirring at 300r / min. Then, carry out a polymerization reaction at 68℃ for 3h to obtain phase change microcapsules.

[0138] The preparation method of the reflective heat-insulating filler includes the following steps:

[0139] Step 1: Add 10g of rutile titanium dioxide to 65mL of anhydrous ethanol, disperse evenly by ultrasonication, adjust the pH to 10 by adding ammonia, then add 3.5mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and perform coating treatment at 48℃ and 1000r / min for 4h. After centrifugation, washing, drying, and grinding, obtain silica-coated titanium dioxide powder; wherein the average particle size of the titanium dioxide is 300nm.

[0140] Step 2: Add 10g of the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder to 150g of water and ultrasonically disperse it evenly. Then add 35g of porous silica and stir and mix at 50℃ and 600r / min for 2h. After filtration, drying and grinding, a reflective heat insulation filler is obtained. The porous silica has an average particle size of 5μm, a specific surface area of ​​400m² / g, and an average pore size of 15nm.

[0141] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0142] Step 1: Mix water, alcohol ester dodecyl and mineral oil defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion while stirring at 600 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0143] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 300 r / min, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating filler and cellulose ether are added to the liquid premix in sequence and stirred for 15 min to obtain heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0144] Comparative Example 1

[0145] This comparative example provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0146] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0147] The mixture contains 28 parts of phase change microcapsules, 8 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 3.5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 parts of defoamer, 0.3 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 10 parts of water.

[0148] The film-forming aid is alcohol ester dodecyl;

[0149] The defoamer is a mineral oil defoamer;

[0150] The thixotropic lubricant is a cellulose ether.

[0151] The preparation methods of the phase change microcapsules and the reflective heat insulation filler are the same as those in Example 3.

[0152] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0153] Step 1: Mix water, alcohol ester dodecyl and mineral oil defoamer, add reflective heat insulation filler while stirring at 600 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0154] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 300 r / min, phase change microcapsules and cellulose ether are added sequentially to the liquid premix and stirred for 15 min to obtain a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0155] Comparative Example 2

[0156] This comparative example provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0157] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0158] The mixture contains 48 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 8 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 3.5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 parts of defoamer, 0.3 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 10 parts of water.

[0159] The film-forming aid is alcohol ester dodecyl;

[0160] The defoamer is a mineral oil defoamer;

[0161] The thixotropic lubricant is a cellulose ether.

[0162] The preparation methods of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion and the reflective heat-insulating filler are the same as those in Example 3.

[0163] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0164] Step 1: Mix water, alcohol ester twelve and mineral oil defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion and reflective heat insulation filler while stirring at 600 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0165] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 300 r / min, add cellulose ether to the liquid premix and stir for 15 min to obtain the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0166] Comparative Example 3

[0167] This comparative example provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0168] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0169] The mixture contains 48 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 28 parts of phase change microcapsules, 3.5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 parts of defoamer, 0.3 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 10 parts of water.

[0170] The film-forming aid is alcohol ester dodecyl;

[0171] The defoamer is a mineral oil defoamer;

[0172] The thixotropic lubricant is a cellulose ether.

[0173] The preparation methods of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion and the phase change microcapsules are the same as those in Example 3.

[0174] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0175] Step 1: Mix water, alcohol ester dodecyl and mineral oil defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion while stirring at 600 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0176] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 300 r / min, phase change microcapsules and cellulose ether are added sequentially to the liquid premix and stirred for 15 min to obtain a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0177] Comparative Example 4

[0178] This comparative example provides a heat-insulating and waterproof building coating and its preparation method, specifically including the following:

[0179] The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating comprises the following components by weight:

[0180] The mixture contains 48 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 28 parts of phase change microcapsules, 8 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 3.5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.3 parts of defoamer, and 10 parts of water.

[0181] The film-forming aid is alcohol ester dodecyl;

[0182] The defoamer is a mineral oil-based defoamer.

[0183] The preparation methods of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion, the phase change microcapsules, and the reflective heat-insulating filler are all the same as those in Example 3.

[0184] The preparation method of the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating includes the following steps:

[0185] Step 1: Mix water, alcohol ester twelve and mineral oil defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion and reflective heat insulation filler while stirring at 600 r / min, and continue stirring for 20 min to obtain liquid premix;

[0186] Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 300 r / min, add the phase change microcapsules to the liquid premix and stir for 15 min to obtain the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

[0187] The solar reflectance test in the thermal insulation performance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0188] The spectral reflectance of the aluminum plate coating sample after drying was measured using a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere, with a barium sulfate white plate as a reference, in the wavelength range of 300~2500nm. The solar reflectance was calculated by weighted average according to the standard distribution of solar irradiance.

[0189] The thermal conductivity testing in the thermal insulation performance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0190] After the coating sample was completely peeled off from the aluminum plate, a circular coating sheet with a diameter of 30 mm was cut out. The thermal conductivity of the coating was measured using a transient planar heat source thermal constant analyzer with a probe model of C5465, an output power of 0.03 W, a test time of 20 s, and at 25 °C.

[0191] The coating temperature difference detection in the thermal insulation performance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0192] After drying, the coated aluminum plate sample was placed under an infrared lamp with a power of 250W and a vertical distance of 30cm from the sample surface. A K-type thermocouple was attached to the center of the back of the sample and connected to a temperature recorder. The sample was continuously irradiated for 60 minutes, and the equilibrium temperature of the back of the sample was recorded. At the same time, an uncoated blank aluminum plate of the same specification was taken and its back equilibrium temperature was measured under the same conditions. The temperature difference reduction value of the coating was calculated according to the formula: "Temperature difference reduction value (°C) = Back temperature of blank plate - Back temperature of coated sample".

[0193] The bonding strength test in the waterproof performance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0194] After the concrete slab coating sample has dried, a 40mm diameter steel pull-out head is vertically adhered to the coating surface using epoxy resin adhesive. Once the adhesive has fully cured, the coating is cut along the circumference of the pull-out head down to the substrate. A pull-out tester is used to apply a vertical tensile force at a stretching rate of 5mm / min. The maximum tensile force at which the coating fails to peel off from the substrate is recorded. The strength of the coating (MPa) is calculated as follows: "Adhesion strength (MPa) = Maximum tensile force (N) / Pull-out area (mm²)". 2 )" calculate the bond strength.

[0195] The waterproof performance test, specifically the seepage resistance pressure test, includes the following steps:

[0196] Take a sample of the concrete slab coating after it has dried, install it on the mortar permeability tester, seal and fix it, set the initial water pressure to 0.1 MPa and keep it constant for 1 hour, then increase the water pressure by 0.1 MPa every hour, and gradually increase the pressure. When the first water seepage point appears on the coating surface, record the previous water pressure value as the permeability pressure of the sample.

[0197] The water absorption rate test in the waterproof performance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0198] Take a fully dried coating sample, peel the coating completely off the concrete slab, cut a 50mm×50mm coating test piece, dry it in a 50℃ oven until constant weight, weigh the initial mass, then immerse it in 25℃ deionized water for 24 hours, take it out, quickly absorb the surface moisture with filter paper, weigh the mass after immersion, and calculate the water absorption rate of the coating according to "water absorption rate (%) = (mass after immersion - initial mass) / initial mass × 100%".

[0199] The weather resistance test specifically includes the following steps:

[0200] The dried concrete slab coating sample was placed in a xenon lamp aging test chamber, with the xenon lamp irradiance set to 60 W / m². 2 (Wavelength range 300~400nm), blackboard temperature 65℃±3℃, relative humidity inside the chamber 50%±5%, continuous light irradiation and no spraying operation mode, after continuous aging for 500h, the sample is taken out and the coating surface is observed for cracking, blistering, powdering or peeling, and the bonding strength after aging is measured. The bonding strength retention rate after 500h aging is calculated according to "bonding strength retention rate (%) = (bonding strength after aging / initial bonding strength) × 100%".

[0201] The storage stability test specifically includes the following steps:

[0202] Take a sealed paint sample and place it in an oven at 50℃±2℃ for 7 days. After removing it and cooling it to room temperature, open the can and observe whether the paint has clumping, layering or gelling. Stir it with a glass rod to determine its workability. If there are no abnormalities and it can be stirred and applied normally, the storage stability is deemed to be qualified.

[0203] Table 1 Performance Test Results

[0204] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Solar reflectance 0.85 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.55 0.86 Thermal conductivity (W / (m·K)) 0.10 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.22 0.08 Coating temperature difference reduction (°C) 18 22 20 15 19 8 20 Bond strength (MPa) 1.2 1.5 1.4 0.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 Impermeability pressure (MPa) 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.8 Water absorption rate (%) 2.8 2.0 2.3 6.5 2.5 3.2 2.4 Bond strength retention rate after 500 hours of aging (%) 88 92 90 45 90 85 88 Storage stability qualified qualified qualified qualified qualified qualified Layered caking

[0205] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating and waterproof building coating, characterized in that, By mass parts, it includes the following components: The mixture contains 40-55 parts of organosilicon hybrid emulsion, 20-35 parts of phase change microcapsules, 5-12 parts of reflective heat-insulating filler, 2-5 parts of film-forming aid, 0.1-0.5 parts of defoamer, 0.1-0.5 parts of thixotropic lubricant, and 5-15 parts of water.

2. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the organosilicon hybrid emulsion includes the following steps: S1. Methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution are mixed and stirred at 25~35℃, and then heated to 50~65℃ for hydrolysis and condensation to obtain organosilicon oligomer sol. S2. Heat the polyacrylate emulsion to 60~75℃, add the organosilicon oligomer sol, and stir to obtain an organosilicon hybrid emulsion.

3. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S1, the mass-to-volume ratio of methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is 1 g : (0.4~0.8) g : (0.2~0.4) g : (0.5~1.2) mL, and the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is 1%~3%; and / or In S1, the stirring speed is 400~800 r / min, and the time is 0.5~1.5 h; and / or In S1, the hydrolysis-condensation is carried out under stirring conditions at a speed of 400-800 r / min for 2-4 h; and / or In S2, the glass transition temperature of the polyacrylate emulsion is 10~25℃, the solid content is 48%~55%, and the mass ratio of the polyacrylate emulsion to the organosilicon oligomer sol is 1:0.15~0.35; and / or In S2, the stirring speed is 200~400 r / min and the time is 1~3 h.

4. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the phase change microcapsules includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix metakaolin, slag powder and fly ash, then add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and water glass, mix, age at 40~60℃, then pour into molds to form, solidify in an oven at 60~80℃, crush and screen to obtain phase change porous particles; Step 2: Heat the paraffin wax to melt, add the phase change porous particles to the molten paraffin wax, impregnate under vacuum conditions, remove and drain excess paraffin wax from the surface, cool to room temperature, and obtain phase change particles that adsorb phase change material. Step 3: After mixing and dissolving methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile, the mixture is sprayed onto the surface of the phase change particles of the adsorbent phase change material under stirring conditions, and a polymerization reaction is carried out at 60~75℃ to obtain phase change microcapsules.

5. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step one, the mass-to-volume ratio of metakaolin, slag powder, fly ash, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and water glass is 100g:30~70g:10~40g:12~45mL:24~75mL, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 8~12mol / L, and the modulus of the water glass is 2.8~3.3; and / or In step one, the aging process takes 2-4 hours; and / or In step one, the curing time is 12~24 hours; and / or In step one, the screen mesh size for crushing and screening is 20-80 mesh; and / or In step two, the mass-to-volume ratio of the phase change porous particles to paraffin is 10 g : (8~15) mL; and / or In step two, the vacuum level is -0.08 to -0.1 MPa; and / or In step two, the immersion time is 30-90 minutes; and / or In step three, the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIORT), and the adsorbent phase change material particles is 1:0.03~0.08:0.01~0.03:15~25; and / or In step three, the stirring speed is 200~400 r / min; and / or In step three, the polymerization reaction takes 2 to 4 hours.

6. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the reflective heat-insulating filler includes the following steps: Step 1: Add titanium dioxide to anhydrous ethanol, disperse it evenly by ultrasonication, add ammonia to adjust the pH to 9-11, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, and perform coating treatment at 40-55℃ to obtain silica-coated titanium dioxide powder. Step 2: Add the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder to water, ultrasonically disperse it evenly, then add porous silica, and stir and mix at 40~60℃ to obtain a reflective heat insulation filler.

7. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step one, the titanium dioxide is rutile type with an average particle size of 200~400 nm; and / or In step one, the mass-to-volume ratio of titanium dioxide, anhydrous ethanol, and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 10 g : (50~80) mL : (2~5) mL; and / or In step one, the coating treatment is carried out under stirring conditions, with a rotation speed of 800~1200 r / min and a time of 3~5 h; and / or In step two, the porous silica has an average particle size of 1~10μm and a specific surface area of ​​200~600m². 2 / g, with an average pore size of 5~30nm; and / or In step two, the mass ratio of the silica-coated titanium dioxide powder, porous silica, and water is 1:2~5:10~20; and / or In step two, the stirring speed is 400~800 r / min and the time is 1~3 h.

8. The heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film-forming aid is selected from one or two of dipropylene glycol butyl ether or dodecyl alcohol ester; and / or The defoamer is selected from one or both of mineral oil defoamers and silicone defoamers; and / or The thixotropic lubricant is selected from one or both of cellulose ethers or bentonite.

9. A method for preparing the heat-insulating and waterproof building coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix water, film-forming aid and defoamer, then add organosilicon hybrid emulsion while stirring at 400~800 r / min, and continue stirring for 15~30 min to obtain liquid premix; Step 2: Under stirring conditions of 200~400r / min, phase change microcapsules, reflective heat-insulating filler and thixotropic lubricant are added to the liquid premix in sequence and stirred for 10~20min to obtain heat-insulating and waterproof building coating.

10. The application of the thermal insulation and waterproof building coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of thermal insulation and waterproofing.