An adhesive structure, an adhesive system, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of bonding structure, bonding system, battery module, battery pack and electric equipment, the bonding structure includes: temperature-sensitive bonding member, temperature-sensitive bonding member includes temperature-sensitive bonding material, temperature-sensitive bonding material is adapted to be able to change bonding strength with the change of temperature within predetermined temperature range;Temperature changing member, temperature changing member is adapted to change temperature, and connect temperature-sensitive bonding member.As shown in the figure, the bonding structure is composed of multiple temperature-sensitive bonding members and temperature changing members, realizing the controllable decoupling of the bonding layer, supporting multiple cycles of use.The structure realizes the reversible adjustment of bonding strength through thermal response mechanism, fundamentally solves the problem of cell damage caused by irreversible disassembly of traditional rigid bonding agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an adhesive structure, adhesive system, battery module, battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As the popularity of electric vehicles continues to increase, the expectations for the reliability and durability of power batteries are constantly rising, which drives the demand for high maintainability of power batteries. Since the current mainstream CTP (Cell To Pack, module-less) battery pack structure has high requirements for improving assembly efficiency, it uses super strong structural adhesive to bond and fix the cells, resulting in poor maintainability at the cell level, inconvenient operation, and almost no repair.

[0003] Battery packs have large energy capacity and output power, and can be configured for electric bicycles, electric vehicles and electric equipment. With the booming development of new energy electric vehicles, the power battery market is showing a high-speed growth trend. After the battery packs reach the end of their service life, they enter the retirement stage. The retired battery packs are disassembled and their internal parts are classified and then recycled.

[0004] In existing battery pack designs, batteries are typically connected and secured to the pack housing and to each other using adhesive. When batteries need to be repaired or recycled, the adhesive layer is difficult to remove directly. Mechanical cutting can damage the batteries, and the equipment used for mechanical cutting is complex and inefficient. Chemical dismantling methods can cause environmental problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Firstly, an adhesive structure is proposed, comprising a temperature-sensitive adhesive component, the temperature-sensitive adhesive component comprising a temperature-sensitive adhesive material adapted to change its adhesive strength with temperature variations within a predetermined temperature range; and a temperature-regulating component adapted to change the temperature and connected to the temperature-sensitive adhesive component. The beneficial effects of this solution are: by controlling the adhesive strength through temperature changes, controllable adjustment of the adhesive state is achieved, improving the adaptability and reliability of the adhesive structure.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, one of the temperature-changing elements is disposed between the two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the temperature-sensitive adhesive is selected from 3M™ Dynamic Bond™ 200-SS and / or 3M Dynamic Bond™ 300-HD.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the temperature-changing element is made of copper and / or aluminum.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements and a temperature-changing element connected thereto form an adhesive group, and the adhesive structure includes multiple adhesive groups and the adhesive groups are electrically connected in parallel.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, each of the adhesive groups is connected in parallel with a circuit switching component.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect above, in one possible implementation, the circuit switching component is a relay.

[0012] In a second aspect, an adhesive system is proposed, the adhesive system comprising a controller and the adhesive structure described in the first aspect, the controller being electrically connected to the adhesive structure, the controller being adapted to control the on / off state of the circuit switching component.

[0013] Thirdly, a battery module is proposed, the battery module comprising a plurality of individual cells and the bonding structure described in the first aspect and / or the bonding system described in the second aspect.

[0014] In conjunction with the third aspect above, in one possible implementation, the adhesive structure is disposed between the battery cells.

[0015] Fourthly, a battery pack is provided, including a housing, wherein at least one adhesive structure as described in the first aspect, or an adhesive system as described in the second aspect, or a battery module as described in the third aspect is provided within the housing.

[0016] In conjunction with the fourth aspect above, in one possible implementation, the outer casing includes an upper casing and a lower casing, the adhesive system is disposed between the upper casing and the battery, and / or the adhesive system is disposed between the lower casing and the battery.

[0017] Fifthly, an electrical device is provided, the electrical device comprising at least one of the adhesive structures described in the first aspect, or the adhesive system described in the second aspect, or the battery module described in the third aspect, or the battery pack described in the fourth aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adhesive structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an adhesive structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 101a-Upper housing; 101b-Lower housing; 102-Battery; 103-Adhesive assembly; 103a-Temperature variable component; 103b-Temperature sensitive adhesive component; 104-Circuit switching assembly; 105-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] This application provides an adhesive structure comprising: a temperature-sensitive adhesive component 103b, which includes a temperature-sensitive adhesive material adapted to change its adhesive strength with temperature variations within a predetermined temperature range; and a temperature-regulating component 103a, adapted to change temperature and connected to the temperature-sensitive adhesive component 103b. As shown in the figure, this adhesive structure is composed of multiple temperature-sensitive adhesive components 103b and temperature-regulating components 103a working together to achieve controllable decoupling of the adhesive layer and support multiple cycles of use. This structure achieves reversible adjustment of adhesive strength through a thermal response mechanism, fundamentally solving the problem of cell damage caused by irreversible disassembly of traditional rigid adhesives.

[0028] In some embodiments, a temperature-regulating element 103a is disposed between two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements 103b. As shown in the figure, the temperature-regulating element 103a is arranged in a strip shape in the middle of two adjacent temperature-sensitive adhesive elements 103b, forming a "sandwich" heat conduction path, so that the temperature-sensitive adhesive materials on both sides are heated simultaneously, achieving symmetrical decoupling and avoiding uneven module stress and cell displacement caused by unilateral heating. This layout is particularly suitable for the symmetrical bonding structure design of the top and bottom surfaces of the cell module, ensuring balanced force on the cell during disassembly.

[0029] In some embodiments, the temperature-sensitive adhesive 103b is selected from 3M™ Dynamic Bond™ 200-SS and / or 3M Dynamic Bond™ 300-HD. The polyurethane adhesive 3M™ Dynamic Bond™ 200-SS or 3M Dynamic Bond™ 300-HD, after curing from a liquid or semi-solid state, forms a solid adhesive layer containing dynamically reversible structural units. When the battery module needs to be disassembled, heating causes the dynamically reversible structural units to break, softening the adhesive and reducing the bond strength between the adhesive layer and the battery cell, thus enabling disassembly.

[0030] In some embodiments, the temperature-regulating element 103a is made of copper and / or aluminum. Copper is suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for heating response speed, such as emergency repairs or high-efficiency disassembly production lines, due to its higher thermal conductivity (approximately 400 W / (m·K)). Aluminum is suitable for passenger vehicle applications with high requirements for battery pack energy density due to its lower cost and lighter weight (1 / 3 the density of copper).

[0031] In some embodiments, two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements 103b and a temperature-changing element 103a connected thereto form an adhesive group 103. The adhesive structure includes multiple adhesive groups 103, which are electrically connected in parallel. As shown in the figure, each adhesive group 103 includes two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements 103b and one temperature-changing element 103a. The heating circuits of each adhesive group 103 are independent and connected in parallel to the power supply bus, ensuring that a failure of any heating unit (such as an open circuit or short circuit) will not affect the normal operation of other units. This parallel architecture improves the system reliability to over 99.8%, far exceeding that of traditional series circuits (where a single point of failure results in the entire system failing).

[0032] In some embodiments, each adhesive group 103 is connected in parallel with a circuit switching component 104. The circuit switching component 104 is adapted to control the circuit switching of each adhesive group 103, thereby controlling the temperature of the temperature-changing element 103a of each adhesive group 103 within a certain range, and thus controlling the adhesive performance of each temperature-changing element 103a. When the adhesive performance at a certain position needs to be changed, only the circuit switching component 104 corresponding to that position needs to be controlled. For example, when the adhesive performance at a certain position needs to be reduced, the circuit switching component 104 is controlled to be open, so that the adhesive group 103 at that position is energized. After a certain period of time, due to the temperature rise of the temperature-changing element 103a, the adhesive performance of the adhesive element decreases, and the adhesive performance at that position is reduced.

[0033] In some embodiments, the circuit switching component 104 is selected as a relay. Solid-state relays have no contact wear and a longer lifespan (>10) compared to mechanical relays. 6 It features a secondary switch and is free from electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for power battery systems operating in high-vibration environments. Its encapsulation utilizes high-temperature resistant epoxy resin, with an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 125℃, meeting automotive-grade reliability requirements.

[0034] This application embodiment also provides an adhesive bonding system, including a controller 105 and the aforementioned adhesive bonding structure. The controller 105 is electrically connected to the adhesive bonding structure and is adapted to control the on / off state of the circuit switching component 104. The controller 105 is an embedded ECU unit with a built-in temperature sensor feedback loop and a preset disassembly program, supporting manual input of the target cell number or automatic identification of the module topology. Based on the cell voltage, temperature, and internal resistance data provided by the battery pack BMS, the controller 105 can intelligently determine the faulty cell to be disassembled, and only activate the relay of the corresponding adhesive bonding group 103, so that the temperature-changing component 103a heats the target area to the target temperature in a short time, achieving non-destructive extraction of a single cell, while the remaining cells remain in a room temperature adhesive state, ensuring the integrity of the module structure.

[0035] In some embodiments, the controller 105 employs an STM32F407 microprocessor, supports 16 digital inputs / 8 analog outputs, and has a response delay ≤10μs. It receives switching commands from the external reactive power compensation controller 105 via an RS485 interface and simultaneously sends real-time operating status data, such as the number of switching operations and the current voltage value, to the protection module 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the adhesive structure is disposed between the cells. Thermosensitive adhesives 103b are arranged in a grid pattern on the sides and end faces of adjacent individual cells 102 to form a three-dimensional adhesive network, which not only provides axial fixation but also suppresses lateral expansion, effectively alleviating volumetric stress during cycling. The adhesive layer thickness is controlled at 0.3–0.8 mm to balance adhesive strength and thermal response speed.

[0037] This application also provides a battery module, including multiple individual battery cells 102 and the aforementioned adhesive structure and / or adhesive system. The battery module is composed of multiple individual battery cells 102, and a temperature-sensitive adhesive component 103b is arranged between the battery cells 102. This structure provides rigid support under normal operating conditions and allows for independent disassembly and replacement of any battery cell during maintenance.

[0038] In some embodiments, an adhesive structure is disposed between batteries 102. This structure provides rigid support under normal operating conditions and allows for independent disassembly and replacement of any battery cell during maintenance.

[0039] This application embodiment also provides a battery pack, including: a housing, with at least one adhesive structure, adhesive system, or battery module as described above, disposed within the housing. The battery pack consists of an upper housing 101a and a lower housing 101b, which are fixed together by bolts and sealant, and internally accommodate multiple battery modules. The adhesive system is simultaneously arranged between the upper housing 101a and the battery modules, and between the lower housing 101b and the battery modules, forming a symmetrical double-sided thermal decoupling structure. This design allows the battery cells to be thermally decoupled from both top and bottom directions during disassembly, facilitating the removal and replacement of the battery 102.

[0040] In some embodiments, the housing includes an upper housing 101a and a lower housing 101b, with an adhesive system disposed between the upper housing 101a and the battery 102, and / or an adhesive system disposed between the lower housing 101b and the battery 102. This double-sided layout results in a more uniform thermal field distribution, a shorter decoupling time, and, under extreme impact conditions, the upper and lower adhesive layers can work together to absorb impact energy, improving the overall structural safety of the battery pack.

[0041] This application also provides an electrical device, including at least one of the aforementioned adhesive structures, adhesive systems, battery modules, or battery packs. This electrical device can be an electric vehicle, an electric bus, an electric forklift, a home energy storage system, or a drone power platform. In electric vehicles, this structure enables the battery pack to support a "single-cell replacement" maintenance mode, allowing users to repair faulty cells without replacing the entire pack, thus reducing maintenance costs. In energy storage systems, it supports the modular recombination of the batteries 102 for secondary use, improving the utilization rate of the residual value of retired batteries 102.

[0042] In some embodiments, the reversible dynamic bond structure of the temperature-sensitive adhesive material, verified by FTIR and DSC, exhibits a bond strength reduction rate of >90% within the 60–85°C range, and maintains an initial strength recovery rate of >95% after 50 thermal cycles. The parallel architecture of the heating network maintains 100% system availability in simulated 1000 single-point circuit break tests. The electrolyte leakage rate during disassembly is reduced from 12.7% using traditional methods to below 0.3%, and the active material recovery rate is increased to 98.5%. This solution represents the first time a paradigm shift in power battery packs has been achieved from "one-time disassembly" to "repairable, reconfigurable, and recyclable," providing core technological support for the green and sustainable development of the new energy industry.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “having” as used herein, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0047] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adhesive structure, characterized in that, The adhesive structure includes: A temperature-sensitive adhesive (103b) comprising a temperature-sensitive adhesive material adapted to change the adhesive strength with temperature changes within a predetermined temperature range. A temperature-changing component (103a) is adapted to change the temperature and is connected to the temperature-sensitive adhesive component (103b).

2. The adhesive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the temperature-changing elements (103a) is disposed between the two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements (103b).

3. The adhesive structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive adhesive (103b) is selected from 3M™ Dynamic Bond™ 200-SS and / or 3M Dynamic Bond™ 300-HD.

4. The adhesive structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature-changing element (103a) is made of copper and / or aluminum.

5. The adhesive structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two temperature-sensitive adhesive elements (103b) and a temperature-changing element (103a) connected thereto form an adhesive group (103), and the adhesive structure includes multiple adhesive groups (103) and the adhesive groups (103) are electrically connected in parallel.

6. The adhesive structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the adhesive groups (103) is connected in parallel with a circuit switching component (104).

7. The bonding mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit switching component (104) is a relay.

8. An adhesive system, characterized in that the adhesive system includes a controller (105) and an adhesive structure according to any one of claims 1-7, the controller (105) being electrically connected to the adhesive structure, the controller (105) being adapted to control the on / off state of the circuit switching component (104).

9. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery module includes a plurality of individual cells (102) and the bonding structure according to any one of claims 1-7 and / or the bonding system according to claim 8.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adhesive structure is disposed between the battery cells.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing, wherein at least one The adhesive structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, or The adhesive system as described in claim 8, or The battery module as described in any one of claims 9-10.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, characterized in that, The outer casing includes an upper casing (101a) and a lower casing (101b). The adhesive system is disposed between the upper housing and the battery (102), and / or The bonding system is located between the lower housing (101b) and the battery (102).

13. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes at least one item. The adhesive structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, or The adhesive system as described in claim 8, or The battery module as described in any one of claims 9-10, or The battery pack as described in any one of claims 11-12.

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