A through-type slitter and a slitting method

Abstract

The application discloses a through-type splitting machine and a splitting method, and belongs to the technical field of leather splitting processing. In view of the problems of high cost, poor controllability, uneven splitting quality and low production efficiency of the traditional leather biodegradation process, the application adopts a pure physical and mechanical splitting mode to replace the traditional enzyme treatment process. The device mainly comprises a rack and sequentially arranged feeding mechanism, passing mechanism and splitting mechanism. The stable conveying of the leather is realized through the adjustable clamping feeding structure. The passing mechanism with elastic compensation is adapted to the concave-convex leather processing. The stable operation of the splitting tool is guaranteed by cooperating with the pressure knife limiting structure and the water cooling structure. The leather surface layer redundancy and the defect skin layer can be removed. The quality defects caused by the traditional process affected by environmental factors are effectively avoided. The production material and operation and maintenance cost are greatly reduced. The continuous and high-speed splitting operation of the leather is realized. The processing precision is high. The device stability is good. The adaptability is wide. The leather processing yield and production efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of leather splitting technology, specifically to a through-type splitting machine and splitting method. Background Technology

[0002] In fresh food processing, the surface hair removal and modification of thick leathers such as raw cowhide are the core processes in leather production.

[0003] Currently, the industry's method for softening the hardened surface layer of fresh cattle and sheep hides during hair removal is to use a bio-enzyme degradation and softening process for the hair follicle layer. The dosage of bio-enzymes is added according to a certain proportion based on the weight of the raw hide. The market price of bio-enzymes is relatively high, and the large-scale use of bio-enzymes in the production process increases the cost of hair removal from fresh hides, resulting in poor economic efficiency for large-scale production.

[0004] However, existing bio-enzyme treatment processes have significant defects and limitations in actual production: (1) Cowhide has a dense fiber structure, hard texture, and thick stratum corneum. It is difficult for bio-enzymes to penetrate the hair follicles quickly. In order to ensure the surface treatment effect, a large amount of bio-enzyme preparations need to be consumed in the production process. However, the cost of purchasing and using bio-enzymes is high, which greatly increases the production cost of leather processing and makes large-scale production economically inefficient. (2) Secondly, the degradation effect of bio-enzymes is affected by multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, pH value, and reaction time. The process is poorly controllable and is prone to uneven degradation, local over-degradation or incomplete degradation. This can easily lead to quality defects such as loose leather grains, surface powdering, and deformed pores, which directly affect the smoothness and yield of finished leather. (3) Thirdly, the bio-enzyme degradation process takes a long time and the overall process is complicated, which cannot be adapted to the high-speed, continuous production line mode and has low production efficiency.

[0005] To overcome the industry pain points of high cost, poor process stability, low efficiency, and uncontrollable finished product quality in bio-enzyme degradation processes, there is an urgent need to develop a mechanized processing equipment that can reduce the cost of traditional enzyme treatment. This equipment can directly remove the surface layer of the leather follicles and redundant leather layers that need to be degraded through physical delamination, without relying on large amounts of bio-enzyme preparations. This can reduce the amount of bio-enzymes used by 50%-70%, thereby reducing production costs from the source, simplifying the process, and improving the precision and efficiency of leather processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a through-type splitting machine and splitting method that is structurally stable, has high conveying accuracy, can achieve adaptive and stable feeding of leather, and can accurately remove redundant skin layers on the surface of leather follicles. This solves the problems of high material consumption, high production cost, poor process stability, low processing efficiency and inconsistent quality of finished leather in traditional bio-enzyme degradation processes.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a through-type splitting machine, including a frame, on which a feeding mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a splitting mechanism are arranged in sequence according to the processing direction; The material feeding mechanism includes an upper feeding roller and a lower feeding roller, and the gap between the upper feeding roller and the lower feeding roller forms the material feeding gap; The splitting mechanism includes several cutter drive wheels, on which splitting cutters are mounted. The cutting edge of the splitting cutter faces the material passage gap between the upper and lower feed rollers.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a plurality of first conveying rollers and second conveying rollers rotatably mounted on the frame; A first conveyor belt is tensioned on the outer circumferential surface of the first conveyor roller; A second conveyor belt is tensioned on the outer circumference of the second conveyor roller, and the gap between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt forms the conveying gap.

[0009] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a mounting plate, which is located above the first conveyor belt. One end of the mounting plate is hinged to the frame, and the other end is equipped with a mounting plate telescopic power mechanism. The telescopic end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism is hinged to the mounting plate, and the mounting end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism is hinged to the frame. The second conveying roller is hinged to the mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are provided with a plurality of serrated grooves.

[0011] Preferably, two guide wheels are rotatably mounted on the inlet side frame of the first and second conveyor belts, the gap between the two guide wheels forms the feeding gap, and the outer circumferential surface of the guide wheels is perpendicular to the top surface of the first conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the upper feed roller is located above the lower feed roller; A lifting frame and a lifting power mechanism for the lifting frame are installed above the upper feed roller; The two ends of the upper feed roller are rotatably mounted on the lifting frame; The lifting power mechanism of the lifting frame is fixed on the top of the frame, and the lifting frame is fixed on the lifting end of the lifting power mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, a passive roller is rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting frame. The axis of the passive roller is parallel to the axis of the upper feed roller. The passive roller is located in the middle of the upper feed roller and its outer peripheral surface is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the upper feed roller.

[0014] Preferably, the feed roller includes a roller shaft rotatably mounted on the frame, and a plurality of feed rings are arranged along the axis of the roller shaft on the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft, and the gap between the inner circumferential surface of the feed rings and the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft forms a moving gap; A feed roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. The axis of the feed roller is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft. Several compensation blocks capable of elastic deformation are fixedly arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the feed roller. The outer circumferential surface of each compensation block is in rolling contact with the outer circumferential surface of one of the feed rings. The gap between two adjacent compensation blocks forms a compensation gap.

[0015] Preferably, a knife pressing mechanism is installed on the frame, and the knife pressing mechanism includes a knife pressing plate, a knife pressing adjustment plate, and several knife pressing adjustment rods; The bottom of the pressure plate is fixed on the frame behind the splitting cutter. A pressure groove is provided in the pressure plate, through which the splitting cutter passes. The gap between the pressure groove and the splitting cutter forms the cutter limiting gap. The pressure knife adjusting plate is fixed on the frame behind the pressure knife plate; One end of the pressure adjustment rod is screwed through the pressure adjustment plate and abuts against the edge of the splitting tool in the pressure groove.

[0016] Preferably, a wear-resistant block is provided in the pressure groove between the pressure adjustment rod and the splitting tool. One end of the wear-resistant block is used to abut against the end of the pressure adjustment rod, and the other end is used to abut against the end edge of the splitting tool.

[0017] Preferably, a water-cooled plate is installed on the frame, the bottom surface of the water-cooled plate is fixed on the frame behind the splitting cutter, and a water-cooled flow channel with inlet and outlet is opened in the water-cooled plate. The bottom surfaces of the pressure plate and the pressure adjustment plate are fixed on the top surface of the water-cooled plate.

[0018] Preferably, a mounting cover is vertically slidably mounted on the frame. The mounting cover is located on the frame behind the material feeding mechanism. The tool drive wheel is rotatably mounted on the mounting cover. A lifting power mechanism for the mounting cover is vertically fixed at the bottom of the frame. The bottom surface of the mounting cover is fixedly mounted on the lifting end of the lifting power mechanism for the mounting cover.

[0019] Preferably, a sectionalizing method using the through-type sectionalizing machine described above comprises the following steps: (1) Material preparation: Clean and remove impurities from the leather to be processed, flatten it, and remove stains and wrinkles from the surface of the leather; adjust the inclination angle of the mounting plate through the telescopic power mechanism of the mounting plate to drive the second conveyor belt and the first conveyor belt to form a conveying gap that matches the thickness of the leather, and place the flattened leather end smoothly between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. (2) Preparation before feeding: According to the required thickness of the leather splitting, the lifting frame is driven to rise vertically by the lifting power mechanism of the lifting frame, and the size of the material feeding gap between the upper and lower feeding rollers is adjusted; the rear end edge of the splitting tool is limited by the pressure knife adjustment rod to ensure that the blade is straight and aligned with the material feeding gap; the water cooling channel of the water cooling plate is opened to pre-cool the splitting tool and the pressure knife mechanism by circulating water cooling. (3) Feeding: Start the equipment, the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt operate synchronously, clamp and pull the leather material to move forward at a uniform speed along the processing direction, so that the end of the leather material is smoothly fed into the gap between the upper feed roller and the lower feed roller; at the same time, the lower feed roller drives the elastic compensation block to roll synchronously with the feed ring, providing rotational driving force for the feed ring; when the surface of the leather material is uneven, causing the feed ring to be subjected to force and displacement deviation, the elastic deformation of the compensation block can be used to adapt to the displacement of the feed ring, so as to realize the adaptive compensation of the feed ring conveying process. (4) Splitting process: The tool drive wheel drives the splitting tool to rotate, so that the cutting edge of the splitting tool can split the leather. During the splitting process, the passive shaft continuously rolls and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the upper feed roller, forming a continuous top support for the middle of the upper feed roller. (5) Layered material collection: The leather material after being cut by the splitting cutter is automatically divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer of leather material is sent out through the gap between the splitting cutter and the upper feed roller, and the lower layer of leather material is sent out through the gap between the splitting cutter and the lower feed roller. The staff collects the two layers of split leather material respectively, and the single leather splitting operation is completed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: (1) This invention abandons the traditional process of relying on a large amount of biological enzyme preparations to soak and degrade redundant leather layers on the surface. Instead, it directly removes the hardened, defective, and redundant leather layers on the surface of the leather by mechanical splitting tools. This eliminates the need to purchase and consume expensive biological enzyme preparations, thus greatly reducing the material costs of deep leather processing.

[0021] (2) The pressure adjustment rod and wear-resistant block, together with the pressure groove, can limit the position of the splitting tool, ensuring that the cutting edge of the splitting tool is straight and the position is stable to the greatest extent, and avoiding the problem of uneven splitting thickness caused by tool deviation and vibration.

[0022] (3) The passive roller top support structure at the top of the upper feed roller effectively solves the deformation problem caused by the force in the middle of the upper feed roller during the splitting operation, ensuring uniform force and high flatness during the conveying of leather.

[0023] (4) When the surface of the leather is uneven and the thickness is slightly different, the elastic deformation of the compensation block can adaptively adapt to the displacement deviation of the feed ring, and compensate for the force error in the leather conveying process in real time, so as to avoid problems such as conveying jamming, leather extrusion deformation and layer misalignment caused by uneven leather surface; at the same time, the feeding mechanism adopts the mounting plate structure with adjustable tilt angle, which can flexibly adjust the conveying gap of the upper and lower conveyor belts, and adapt to the processing of thick leather such as cowhide of different thicknesses. The equipment has a wide range of applications and its adaptability and fault tolerance are much higher than those of traditional processing equipment.

[0024] (5) The added water-cooled plate circulating water cooling structure integrates the pressing mechanism on the water-cooled plate, which can continuously circulate water cooling to cool the splitting cutter, pressing plate and pressing adjustment plate. This effectively solves the problems of high temperature caused by continuous friction during the high-speed cutting of leather, which leads to accelerated wear of the cutter, deformation of the cutting edge, high temperature burning of the leather and deterioration of the leather layer. It can effectively extend the service life of the splitting cutter, reduce the frequency and cost of equipment maintenance, and continuously ensure the cutting accuracy of the cutter, ensure the long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment, and improve the overall durability and processing stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure; Figure 4 This is a top view of the water-cooled plate structure. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the full cross-section at point AA; Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the lower feed roller and the lower feed drive roller of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Upper feed roller; 3. First conveyor roller; 4. Cutter drive wheel; 5. Splitting cutter; 6. First conveyor belt; 7. Second conveyor roller; 8. Second conveyor belt; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Mounting plate telescopic power mechanism; 11. Adjusting frame; 12. Lifting frame; 13. Lifting frame lifting power mechanism; 14. Passive roller; 15. Roller shaft; 16. Feed ring; 17. Limiting plate; 18. Lower feed active roller; 19. Elastic compensation block; 20. Pressure plate; 21. Pressure adjusting plate; 22. Pressure adjusting rod; 23. Pressure groove; 24. Wear-resistant block; 25. Water-cooled plate; 26. Water-cooled flow channel; 27. Mounting cover; 28. Mounting cover lifting power mechanism; 29. ​​Pressure plate receiving groove; 30. Leather. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to enable those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, without constituting a limitation on its rights.

[0028] Example 1, referring to Figure 1-7 A through-type splitting machine includes a frame 1, on which a feeding mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a splitting mechanism are sequentially arranged in the processing direction; The material feeding mechanism includes an upper feeding roller 2 and a lower feeding roller, and the gap between the upper feeding roller 2 and the lower feeding roller forms the material feeding gap; The splitting mechanism includes several cutter drive wheels 4, with two cutter drive wheels 4 arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides. The cutter drive wheels 4 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Splitting cutters 5 are mounted on the cutter drive wheels 4. The splitting cutters 5 are fitted on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter drive wheels 4. The splitting cutters 5 can be band saw steel, and the type of cutter is not limited to one type. They can also be cutters made of other materials with a certain toughness. The cutting edge of the splitting cutter 5 is directly opposite the material passage gap between the upper feed roller 2 and the lower feed roller. The size of the gap can be selected by the user.

[0029] Example 2, a through-type splitting machine in Example 1, the feeding mechanism includes a plurality of first conveying rollers 3 and second conveying rollers 7 rotatably mounted on the frame 1; A first conveyor belt 6 is tensioned on the outer circumference of the first conveyor roller 3, and one of the several first conveyor rollers 3 is driven to rotate by an external rotary power mechanism such as a servo motor.

[0030] A second conveyor belt 8 is tensioned on the outer circumferential surface of the second conveyor roller 7, and one of the several second conveyor rollers 7 is driven to rotate by an external rotary power mechanism such as a servo motor. The gap between the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8 forms a conveying gap, the size of which can be selected by the user.

[0031] Example 3, the through-type splitting machine described in Example 2, the feeding mechanism further includes a mounting plate 9, the mounting plate 9 is formed into a generally plate-shaped structure, the mounting plate 9 is located above the first conveyor belt 6, one end of the mounting plate 9 is hinged to the frame 1, and the other end is equipped with a mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10, the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10 can be a cylinder or an electric cylinder, the telescopic end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10 is hinged to the mounting plate 9, and the mounting end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10 is hinged to the frame 1; The second conveyor roller 7 is hinged to the mounting plate 9. An adjustment frame 11 can be fixed on the mounting plate 9. The adjustment frame 11 is a square frame structure. A screw is rotatably mounted on the adjustment frame. The axis of the second conveyor roller 7 is perpendicular to the axis of the screw. A nut is screwed onto the screw. The side wall of the nut is rotatably connected to the end of one of the second conveyor rollers 7 that does not actively output rotational force. This allows the position of the second conveyor roller 7 to be adjusted when the screw is rotated, thereby tensioning or loosening the second conveyor belt 8. It should be noted that, according to the usage requirements, a constant tension regulator in the prior art can also be used to adjust the tension of the first conveyor belt 6 or the second conveyor belt 7. The outer surfaces of the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8 are provided with a plurality of sawtooth grooves, which form triangular notches on the outer surfaces of the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8. The shape is not limited to this. Two guide wheels are rotatably installed on the inlet side frame 1 of the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8. The gap between the two guide wheels forms the feeding gap. The outer circumferential surface of the guide wheel is perpendicular to the top surface of the first conveyor belt 6.

[0032] In embodiment 3, the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10 can drive the tilt angle of the mounting plate 9, thereby controlling the conveying gap between the second conveyor belt 8 and the first conveyor belt 6. The size of the serrated grooves located on the outer surfaces of the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8 can be selected according to the usage requirements, and their design purpose is to increase the surface roughness.

[0033] Example 4, in the through-type splitting machine described in Example 1, the upper feed roller 2 is located above the lower feed roller; A lifting frame 12 and a lifting power mechanism 13 are provided above the upper feed roller 2; The two ends of the upper feed roller 2 are rotatably mounted on the lifting frame 12; The lifting power mechanism 13 of the lifting frame is fixed on the top of the frame 1, and the lifting frame 12 is fixed on the lifting end of the lifting power mechanism 13.

[0034] In Example 4, the lifting power mechanism 13 of the lifting frame can be one of a cylinder, an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a worm gear jack. When a worm gear jack is used, the main body of the jack is fixed on the frame 1, and the bottom end of the lifting screw on the jack is fixed to the top of the lifting frame 12. When the handwheel of the worm gear jack is turned, the lifting screw drives the lifting frame 12 to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the working height of the upper feed roller 2. The handwheel of the worm gear jack can be manually driven or electrically driven. It is an existing technology and its specifications and models can be selected according to the usage requirements. In addition, to ensure the operational stability of the lifting frame 12, a slide rail slider can be vertically installed between the lifting frame 12 and the frame 1 to improve the vertical movement stability of the lifting frame 12.

[0035] Example 5, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 4, wherein a passive roller 14 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting frame 12. The passive roller 14 is horizontally arranged, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the upper feed roller 2. The passive roller 14 is located in the middle of the upper feed roller 2 and its outer peripheral surface is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the upper feed roller.

[0036] In Example 5, the added passive roller 14 always maintains rolling contact with the outer wall of the middle part of the upper feed roller 2, which can form a continuous and uniform top support limit for the middle part of the upper feed roller 2 with a long span.

[0037] Example 6, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 1, includes a lower feed roller comprising a roller shaft 15 rotatably mounted on a frame 1. Several feed rings 16 are arranged along the axis of the roller shaft 15 on the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft 15. The feed rings 16 are copper rings with a circular structure, and their inner diameter can be selected according to the usage requirements. The gap between the inner circumferential surface of the feed rings 16 and the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft 15 forms a moving gap. Specifically, circular limiting plates 17 that block and limit the feed rings 16 in the axial direction can be fixed on the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the roller shaft 15. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting plates 17 is larger than the inner circumferential surface of the feed rings 16. A feed roller 18 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The axis of the feed roller 18 is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft 15. Several compensation blocks 19 capable of elastic deformation are fixedly arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the feed roller 18. The longitudinal section of the compensation block 19 is rectangular. The outer circumferential surface of each compensation block 19 is in rolling contact with the outer circumferential surface of one of the feed rings 16. The gap between two adjacent compensation blocks 19 forms a compensation gap. The compensation block 19 can be made of an elastic material such as rubber. The compensation block 19 protrudes from the outer circumferential surface of the feed roller 18.

[0038] In Example 6, a movable gap is reserved between the feed ring 16 and the roller shaft 15. With the help of the end limiting plates 17, the feed ring 16 is axially limited and radially slightly adaptively movable. This installation structure avoids the feed ring 16 from getting stuck. The elastic compensation blocks 19 spaced on the outer circumference of the lower feed drive roller 18 have good elastic deformation capability. The compensation gap formed by adjacent compensation blocks 19 can form a sufficient deformation margin. Under working conditions where there are unevenness, thickness, or sudden changes in local pressure on the surface of the leather 30, the elastic compensation blocks 19 can adaptively undergo slight elastic deformation to compensate for the force displacement deviation of the feed ring 16 in real time, dynamically adapt to the surface morphology of the leather 30, and avoid deformation, wrinkling, and damage of the leather 30 caused by hard compression.

[0039] Example 7, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 1, has a pressing mechanism installed on the frame 1. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate 20, a pressing adjustment plate 21, and several pressing adjustment rods 22. The bottom of the pressure plate 20 is fixed on the frame 1 behind the splitting cutter 5. The pressure plate 20 is formed into a roughly square plate structure. A pressure groove 23 is provided in the pressure plate 20. The pressure groove 23 is a square groove. The splitting cutter 5 passes through the pressure groove 23. The splitting cutter 5 and the pressure groove 23 are in clearance fit, that is, there is a certain gap between the two. The gap between the pressure groove 23 and the splitting cutter 5 forms the cutter limiting gap. The pressure knife adjusting plate 21 is fixed on the frame 1 behind the pressure knife plate 20, and the pressure knife adjusting plate 21 is formed into a square plate structure; One end of the pressure adjustment rod 22 is screwed through the pressure adjustment plate 21 and abuts against the end edge of the splitting tool 5 in the pressure groove 23. The pressure adjustment plate 21 has a number of internal threaded holes that are the same number as the pressure adjustment rod 22. The pressure adjustment rod 22 is inserted through the internal threaded holes.

[0040] In Example 7, the pressure adjustment rod 22 abuts against the end edge of the splitting tool 5 to prevent the splitting tool 5 from shifting backward due to excessive resistance during the splitting operation.

[0041] Example 8, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 7, wherein a wear-resistant block 24 is provided in the pressure groove 23 between the pressure adjustment rod 22 and the splitting cutter 5. The wear-resistant block 24 has a square plate structure, one end of which is used to abut against the end of the pressure adjustment rod 22, and the other end is used to abut against the edge of the splitting cutter 5.

[0042] In Example 8, the wear-resistant block 24 is used to abut against the splitting tool 5. The wear-resistant block 24 can be made of tungsten steel, which has strong wear resistance and can withstand the friction of the splitting tool 5.

[0043] Example 9, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 7, has a water-cooled plate 25 installed on the frame 1. The bottom surface of the water-cooled plate 25 is fixed on the frame 1 behind the splitting cutter 5. A water-cooled flow channel 26 with inlet and outlet is opened in the water-cooled plate 25 for water flow. The bottom surfaces of the pressure plate 20 and the pressure adjustment plate 21 are fixed on the top surface of the water-cooled plate 25.

[0044] In Example 9, the water-cooled flow channel 26 can be an "S"-shaped tortuous zigzag flow channel or a square groove structure flow channel. It can be selected according to the usage requirements, and its shape and structure are not limited to these. Additionally, a pressure plate receiving groove 29 for accommodating the pressure plate 20 can be provided on the top surface of the water-cooled plate 25. This groove is square and has pre-drilled bolt fastener mounting holes. The pressure plate 20 can be detachably fixed to the pressure plate receiving groove 29 of the water-cooled plate 25 by bolt fasteners.

[0045] Example 10, a through-type splitting machine as described in Example 1, has a mounting cover 27 vertically slidably mounted on the frame 1. This sliding mounting can be achieved by a linear slide rail slider in the prior art. The mounting cover 27 is formed into a roughly square shell structure. The mounting cover 27 is located on the frame 1 behind the material feeding mechanism. The tool drive wheel 4 is rotatably mounted on the mounting cover 27. A mounting cover lifting power mechanism 28 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the frame 1. The bottom surface of the mounting cover 27 is fixedly mounted on the lifting end of the mounting cover lifting power mechanism 28.

[0046] In Example 10, the mounting cover lifting power mechanism 28 can be one of a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a worm gear lift. The purpose of the mounting cover lifting power mechanism 28 is to adjust the height of the mounting cover 27, thereby controlling the working height of the splitting cutter 5. In addition, a square block can be fixed on the inner wall of the mounting cover 27 according to the usage requirements, with the front face of the square block facing the end edge of the splitting tool.

[0047] Example 11, a sectionalizing method, which uses the through-type sectionalizing machine described in any one of Examples 1-10, and the steps are as follows: (1) Material preparation: Clean and remove impurities from the leather material 30 to be processed, flatten it, and remove stains and wrinkles from the surface of the leather material 30; adjust the inclination angle of the mounting plate 9 through the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism 10, drive the second conveyor belt 8 and the first conveyor belt 6 to form a conveying gap that matches the thickness of the leather material 30, and place the flattened leather material 30 end stably between the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8. (2) Preparation before feeding: According to the required thickness of the leather 30 layers, the lifting frame 12 is driven to rise and fall vertically by the lifting power mechanism 13 of the lifting frame, and the gap between the upper feed roller 2 and the lower feed roller is adjusted; the rear end edge of the splitting cutter 5 is limited by the pressure knife adjustment rod 22 to ensure that the blade is straight and aligned with the gap; the water cooling channel 26 of the water cooling plate 25 is opened to pre-cool the splitting cutter 5 and the pressure knife mechanism by circulating water. (3) Feeding: Start the equipment, the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 8 operate synchronously, clamp and pull the leather 30 to move forward at a uniform speed along the processing direction, so that the end of the leather 30 is smoothly fed into the gap between the upper feed roller 2 and the lower feed roller; at the same time, the lower feed roller 18 drives the elastic compensation block 19 to roll synchronously with the feed ring 16, providing rotational driving force for the feed ring 16; when the surface of the leather 30 is uneven, causing the feed ring 16 to be subjected to force and produce displacement deviation, the elastic deformation of the compensation block 19 can be adapted to the displacement of the feed ring 16 to realize adaptive compensation of the feed ring 16 during the conveying process. (4) Splitting process: The tool drive wheel 4 drives the splitting tool 5 to rotate, so that the cutting edge of the splitting tool 5 performs splitting operation on the leather material 30; during the splitting process, the passive shaft continuously rolls and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the middle part of the upper feed roller 2, forming a continuous top support for the middle part of the upper feed roller 2. (5) Layered material collection: The leather material 30 after being cut by the splitting cutter 5 is automatically divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer of leather material 30 is sent out from the gap between the splitting cutter 5 and the upper feed roller 2, and the lower layer of leather material 30 is sent out from the gap between the splitting cutter 5 and the lower feed roller. The staff collects the two layers of split leather material 30 respectively, and the single splitting operation of leather material 30 is completed.

Claims

1. A through-type splitting machine, characterized in that: It includes a frame, on which a feeding mechanism, a material handling mechanism, and a layering mechanism are arranged sequentially in the processing direction; The material feeding mechanism includes an upper feeding roller and a lower feeding roller, and the gap between the upper feeding roller and the lower feeding roller forms the material feeding gap; The splitting mechanism includes several cutter drive wheels, on which splitting cutters are mounted. The cutting edge of the splitting cutter faces the material passage gap between the upper and lower feed rollers.

2. The through-type splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes several first and second conveying rollers that are rotatably mounted on the frame; A first conveyor belt is tensioned on the outer circumferential surface of the first conveyor roller; A second conveyor belt is tensioned on the outer circumference of the second conveyor roller, and the gap between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt forms a conveying gap. The feeding mechanism also includes a mounting plate, which is located above the first conveyor belt. One end of the mounting plate is hinged to the frame, and the other end is equipped with a mounting plate telescopic power mechanism. The telescopic end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism is hinged to the mounting plate, and the mounting end of the mounting plate telescopic power mechanism is hinged to the frame. The second conveying roller is hinged to the mounting plate; The outer surfaces of the first and second conveyor belts are provided with a number of sawtooth grooves. Two guide wheels are rotatably installed on the inlet side frame of the first and second conveyor belts. The gap between the two guide wheels forms the feeding gap. The outer circumferential surface of the guide wheels is perpendicular to the top surface of the first conveyor belt.

3. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper feed roller is located above the lower feed roller; A lifting frame and a lifting power mechanism for the lifting frame are installed above the upper feed roller; The two ends of the upper feed roller are rotatably mounted on the lifting frame; The lifting power mechanism of the lifting frame is fixed on the top of the frame, and the lifting frame is fixed on the lifting end of the lifting power mechanism.

4. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A passive roller is rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting frame. The axis of the passive roller is parallel to the axis of the upper feed roller. The passive roller is located in the middle of the upper feed roller and its outer circumferential surface is in rolling contact with the outer circumferential surface of the upper feed roller.

5. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed roller includes a roller shaft rotatably mounted on the frame. Several feed rings are arranged along the axis of the roller shaft on the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft. The gap between the inner circumferential surface of the feed rings and the outer circumferential surface of the roller shaft forms a moving gap. A feed roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. The axis of the feed roller is parallel to the axis of the roller shaft. Several compensation blocks capable of elastic deformation are fixedly arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the feed roller. The outer circumferential surface of each compensation block is in rolling contact with the outer circumferential surface of one of the feed rings. The gap between two adjacent compensation blocks forms a compensation gap.

6. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A knife pressing mechanism is installed on the frame. The knife pressing mechanism includes a knife pressing plate, a knife pressing adjustment plate, and several knife pressing adjustment rods. The bottom of the pressure plate is fixed on the frame behind the splitting cutter. A pressure groove is provided in the pressure plate, through which the splitting cutter passes. The gap between the pressure groove and the splitting cutter forms the cutter limiting gap. The pressure knife adjusting plate is fixed on the frame behind the pressure knife plate; One end of the pressure adjustment rod is screwed through the pressure adjustment plate and abuts against the edge of the splitting tool in the pressure groove.

7. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A wear-resistant block is provided in the pressure groove between the pressure adjustment rod and the splitting tool. One end of the wear-resistant block is used to abut against the end of the pressure adjustment rod, and the other end is used to abut against the end edge of the splitting tool.

8. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water-cooled plate is installed on the frame, and the bottom surface of the water-cooled plate is fixed on the frame behind the splitting cutter. A water-cooled flow channel with inlet and outlet is opened in the water-cooled plate. The bottom surfaces of the pressure plate and the pressure adjustment plate are fixed on the top surface of the water-cooled plate.

9. A through-type splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting cover is vertically slidably mounted on the frame. The mounting cover is located on the frame behind the material feeding mechanism. The tool drive wheel is rotatably mounted on the mounting cover. A lifting power mechanism for the mounting cover is vertically fixed at the bottom of the frame. The bottom surface of the mounting cover is fixedly mounted on the lifting end of the lifting power mechanism for the mounting cover.

10. A method for sectioning, employing a through-type sectioning machine as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: (1) Material preparation: Clean and remove impurities from the leather to be processed, flatten it, and remove stains and wrinkles from the surface of the leather; adjust the inclination angle of the mounting plate through the telescopic power mechanism of the mounting plate to drive the second conveyor belt and the first conveyor belt to form a conveying gap that matches the thickness of the leather, and place the flattened leather end smoothly between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt. (2) Preparation before feeding: According to the required thickness of the leather splitting, the lifting frame is driven to rise vertically by the lifting power mechanism of the lifting frame, and the size of the material feeding gap between the upper and lower feeding rollers is adjusted; the rear end edge of the splitting tool is limited by the pressure knife adjustment rod to ensure that the blade is straight and aligned with the material feeding gap; the water cooling channel of the water cooling plate is opened to pre-cool the splitting tool and the pressure knife mechanism by circulating water cooling. (3) Feeding: Start the equipment, the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt operate synchronously, clamp and pull the leather material to move forward at a uniform speed along the processing direction, so that the end of the leather material is smoothly fed into the gap between the upper feed roller and the lower feed roller; at the same time, the lower feed roller drives the elastic compensation block to roll synchronously with the feed ring, providing rotational driving force for the feed ring. When the surface of the material is uneven, causing the material conveying ring to be displaced due to stress, the elastic deformation of the compensation block can be used to adapt to the displacement of the material conveying ring, thereby achieving adaptive compensation in the material conveying process. (4) Splitting process: The tool drive wheel drives the splitting tool to rotate, so that the cutting edge of the splitting tool can split the leather. During the splitting process, the passive shaft continuously rolls and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the upper feed roller, forming a continuous top support for the middle of the upper feed roller. (5) Layered material collection: The leather material after being cut by the splitting cutter is automatically divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer of leather material is sent out through the gap between the splitting cutter and the upper feed roller, and the lower layer of leather material is sent out through the gap between the splitting cutter and the lower feed roller. The staff collects the two layers of split leather material respectively, and the single leather splitting operation is completed.

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