Method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solutions

Abstract

The application discloses a method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution. The noble metal-containing material to be dissolved is added into an aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent, and under the condition of electron beam irradiation, the noble metal in the material can be dissolved after a certain time. The method provided by the application is suitable for green recovery of noble metals from waste photovoltaic panels, has the advantages of mild process, energy saving, environmental protection, low cost, convenient operation and the like, and does not use strong acid, strong base and volatile organic solvent in the whole reaction process, has great potential in the fields of environmental protection and resource recycling, and can make great contribution to the transition to a low-carbon, environmentally-friendly, resource-saving green economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of irradiation technology and precious metal recovery, and specifically to a method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of precious metals in aqueous solution. Background Technology

[0002] The high-quality recycling of retired new energy devices (such as retired solar photovoltaic panels) is a global focus. With the acceleration of the global energy transition, clean energy sources such as solar power are crucial for achieving dual-carbon goals. my country's newly installed renewable energy capacity continues to grow, especially in ecologically fragile high-altitude regions like Tibet, where the solar photovoltaic industry is rapidly developing and has become the dominant energy source. As of 2023, my country's cumulative installed photovoltaic capacity reached 609 GW, and it is projected to increase to approximately 5000 GW by 2050. Solar photovoltaic modules typically have a lifespan of 25-30 years. In recent years, some countries and regions, including China, have begun to generate massive amounts of retired waste, increasing from approximately 26,000 tons currently to over 15 million tons by 2025. It is projected that by 2050, the global cumulative amount of retired photovoltaic modules will reach 78 million tons. This waste contains abundant "urban minerals," such as Ag, Si, Al, and Cu, with Ag accounting for 47% of the economic value of crystalline silicon modules. However, the "sandwich" structure of solar photovoltaic modules differs significantly from traditional solid waste utilization and disposal methods, gradually becoming a prominent problem that urgently needs to be solved in the efficient recycling and disposal of emerging solid waste.

[0003] Patent CN202510236656.1 discloses a method for selectively dissolving noble metals based on aqueous solutions of halogen salts. The method involves dispersing the material containing the noble metal to be dissolved in an aqueous solution containing a halogen salt and potassium permonosulfate (PMS). No catalyst is required. Based on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), the method utilizes the autocatalytic effect of the noble metal to activate potassium permonosulfate (PMS) and generate active species, such as singlet oxygen. 1 Oxidative solvents such as O2, hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) are used to oxidize and dissolve precious metals. This method can achieve a recovery rate of over 98% for precious metals such as gold and palladium. However, the halide salts acting as ligands in the system will form precipitates with silver, thus failing to efficiently dissolve the silver in decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels. Current recycling methods mostly rely on strong acids such as nitric acid to dissolve silver, which not only generates toxic nitrogen oxides and waste liquid, but also has a complex process, making it impossible to operate in regions such as Tibet, requiring the silver to be transported inland for processing, thus greatly increasing its operating costs and even making recycling a zero-revenue process. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a closed-loop recycling technology that is efficient, environmentally friendly, and capable of recovering multiple valuable metals.

[0004] In the field of new energy device recycling, traditional technologies are complex and environmentally burdensome, while emerging technologies, though environmentally friendly, are difficult to scale up due to low processing efficiency. Irradiation technology is becoming a key breakthrough in overcoming this dilemma. In recent years, my country's irradiation processing industry has maintained rapid growth, with an average annual growth rate remaining high, and the segmented market has continued to expand, laying a solid foundation for cross-industry integration of technologies. The core of irradiation technology lies in using high-energy electron beams generated by electron accelerators (0.2 MeV ~ 10 MeV) to precisely transfer energy to the irradiated material. Through ionization and excitation, free radicals are induced to form, thereby directionally altering the physicochemical properties of the material and creating the desired new substances. With this unique mechanism, irradiation technology has successfully crossed over into multiple fields such as food preservation, medical sterilization, radiation chemistry, and waste treatment, forming significant growth points. In the field of green recycling of precious metals, irradiation technology is opening up new paths. Taking the extraction of key metals from decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels as an example, peracetic acid (PAA), due to its high redox potential and the coordination ability of its carboxyl groups, is a broad-spectrum and environmentally friendly disinfectant. Irradiation activation technology can further precisely break the O–O bonds in PAA, generating free radicals such as ·OH and CH3C(O)O·—especially organic free radicals, which are more selective, less easily consumed by the environmental matrix, and produce fewer byproducts. The PAA-Advanced Oxidation System (PAA-AOPs) constructed in this way can simultaneously generate inorganic free radicals, organic free radicals, and inactive species, forming a synergistic complement in the oxidation and dissolution of precious metals, achieving efficient and green extraction. Compared with traditional advanced oxidation systems, irradiation-driven PAA-AOPs are more environmentally friendly, which is particularly crucial for ecologically fragile high-altitude areas (such as Tibet)—once damaged, they are difficult to recover. Currently, research on PAA-AOPs using irradiation technology to promote precious metal extraction is still in its early stages, but its enormous potential in environmental protection and energy reuse promises to become a path for low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and resource-saving green economic transformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a simple and environmentally friendly method for selectively dissolving precious metals in aqueous solution under irradiation conditions using an oxidant. The solution used in this reaction process is non-toxic and harmless, and has the potential for industrial-scale precious metal dissolution and recovery.

[0006] Traditional acid methods are typically cumbersome and complex, requiring the addition of large amounts of strong acid solutions to oxidize precious metals. These reagents are hazardous chemicals and unsuitable for large-scale use. There is an urgent need to develop green, efficient, non-toxic, harmless, and low-cost reagents for the deep separation and recycling of large quantities of waste photovoltaic modules. This invention innovatively introduces green nuclear technology (electron beam radiation) to enhance the autocatalytic oxidation system. Through radiation energy, peracetic acid is excited to generate multiple active species such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and acetoxy radicals (CH3COO·), constructing a "radiation-catalysis" coupled oxidation environment. This system can directionally regulate the valence state of the target metal surface, promoting its reconstruction from a stable phase to a soluble state for efficient leaching (Ag oxidation to Ag). + Then, silver ions form a stable, soluble metal-acetic acid complex with acetate ligands, accelerating dissolution. Only 2 seconds of irradiation is needed to achieve a high leaching rate of over 96% for Ag. This technology offers advantages such as being mild, energy-efficient, green, environmentally friendly, low-cost, and easy to operate, demonstrating its potential for industrial-scale metal dissolution treatment. The method provided by this invention has guiding significance for the mining and purification of precious metals.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution includes the following steps: The material containing noble metals to be dissolved is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing an oxidant and left to stand under irradiation conditions. Electron beam irradiation is used to enhance the autocatalytic effect of the noble metals themselves, promoting the noble metals to activate the oxidant and generate active species, thereby efficiently dissolving the noble metals in the material. The noble metals include at least silver. Under the synergistic effect of irradiation and autocatalysis on the silver surface, the oxidant generates a variety of active species, including hydroxyl radicals, organic radicals and singlet oxygen, which accelerates the oxidation of silver and forms soluble complexes.

[0009] Furthermore, the precious metal-containing material to be dissolved can be electronic waste such as decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels and industrial control panels.

[0010] Furthermore, the precious metal is mainly silver, with a content of 0.03-0.05 wt%.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the aqueous solution containing the oxidant is 0.2-3%, preferably 2%.

[0012] Furthermore, the oxidant is peracetic acid or a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. Peracetic acid is preferred, as it acts as both an oxidant and provides acetate ligands, synergistically promoting silver leaching with the active species generated by irradiation.

[0013] Furthermore, the irradiation conditions are electron beam irradiation, with a dose of 80-320 kGy in the entire dissolution system, more preferably 160 kGy. Electron beam irradiation not only directly excites the oxidant to generate active species, but also significantly enhances the autocatalytic reaction on the silver surface, greatly improving the generation efficiency of active species such as hydroxyl radicals, acetoxy radicals, singlet oxygen, and hydrated electrons in the system. The irradiation equipment is an electron accelerator with an energy of 1.0-2.5 MeV, a beam current of 1-3 mA, a sample stage moving speed of 10-40 mm / s, an electron beam width of 8 mm, and 2-6 beam passes.

[0014] Furthermore, the irradiation is carried out at room temperature (25°C) for a duration of 0.25-4 seconds, more preferably 2 seconds.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of precious metals in aqueous solution, which can achieve a dissolution rate of over 96% for precious metal silver. The enhancement of the autocatalytic leaching process by electron beam irradiation enables a leaching rate of over 96% to be obtained in a very short irradiation time.

[0016] Furthermore, after irradiation, the solid (mainly composed of silicon plates and aluminum) is removed. The silver metal in the metal solution is recovered by adding a reducing agent (such as ascorbic acid). The remaining wastewater is mainly composed of acetic acid, which has low environmental pollution. The residual acetic acid solution can be recovered by rotary evaporation to reduce wastewater generation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes irradiated peracetic acid (PAA) to construct a radiation-catalysis coupled system, providing a green and efficient new route for the extraction of precious metals (mainly Ag). This method uses environmentally friendly peracetic acid to replace highly toxic cyanide or strongly corrosive acids, eliminating the main pollution risks at the source. The OO bonds of PAA are broken by irradiation technology to generate ·OH and CH3C(O)O. The highly reactive free radicals significantly enhance the oxidative dissolution capacity of precious metals. The organic free radicals generated in the system exhibit stronger selectivity, effectively resisting interference from complex environmental matrices and improving reagent utilization. Simultaneously, the irradiation technology produces a mild reaction with few byproducts, avoiding secondary pollution. It is particularly suitable for ecologically fragile areas such as high-altitude regions like Tibet, maximizing ecological security while efficiently recovering resources.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention provides a sustainable technical solution for the recycling of precious metals from electronic waste such as decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels, yielding significant economic and social benefits. This technology not only addresses the environmental pressures posed by emerging solid waste and achieves a closed-loop cycle for key metal resources such as silver and aluminum, but also simplifies subsequent processing procedures, reduces process costs, and powerfully promotes the transformation of the emerging solid waste treatment industry towards a low-carbon, environmentally friendly, and resource-saving green economy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 Comparison of metal leaching behavior under electron beam irradiation (EBI), hydrogen peroxide / electron beam irradiation (H2O2 / EBI), acetic acid / electron beam irradiation (HAc / EBI), acetic acid / hydrogen peroxide / electron beam irradiation (HAc / H2O2 / EBI), peracetic acid (PAA), and peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI).

[0020] Figure 2 A graph showing the leaching and dissolution rate of metals under peracetic acid treatment, quantified by different doses of electron beam irradiation.

[0021] Figure 3 The figure shows the solubility of silver on decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels under electron beam irradiation using peracetic acid of different concentrations.

[0022] Figure 4 The graph shows the dissolution rate of silver on decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels under different pH conditions by peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI).

[0023] Figure 5 A graph showing the dissolution rate of silver on decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels of different masses by peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI).

[0024] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the solubility of silver on decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels after the addition of Rhodamine B to peracetic acid (PAA).

[0025] Figure 7 The graph shows the degradation curve of Rhodamine B after its addition in peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI).

[0026] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the dissolution rate of silver on decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels after adding different quenchers in peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI).

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the process of leaching precious metal silver in the green recovery method of precious metal silver from decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following examples further illustrate specific implementations of the present invention, but the implementation and protection of the present invention are not limited thereto. It should be noted that any processes not specifically described below are those that can be implemented or understood by those skilled in the art by referring to existing technology. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are considered to be conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0029] The irradiation equipment used in the following examples is an electron accelerator with an energy of 2.0 MeV, a beam current of 2.7 mA, a sample stage moving speed of 30 mm / s, an electron beam width of 8 mm, and 4 beam passes.

[0030] Example 1 One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of pure aqueous solution and then irradiated with an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy for leaching. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 0%.

[0031] One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) solution and then leached in the dark. The dissolution rate of silver (Ag) was 39.8%.

[0032] One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) solution and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The dissolution rate of silver (Ag) was 96.8%.

[0033] From Example 1 ( Figure 1 The ICP test data in section a) clearly show that the dissolution rate of silver (Ag) in the control group (electron beam irradiation (EBI) and peracetic acid (PAA)) was less than 50%, while the dissolution effect of silver (Ag) under peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI) treatment was the most significant (reaching 96.8%). This indicates that the dissolution of silver (Ag) is mainly due to the synergistic effect of electron beam irradiation and peracetic acid promoting leaching.

[0034] Example 2 One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of hydrogen peroxide (2%) solution and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 3.4%.

[0035] One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of acetic acid (2%) solution and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 0%.

[0036] One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of a 2% solution of hydrogen peroxide / acetic acid mixture and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 49.3%.

[0037] From Examples 1-2 ( Figure 1 The ICP test data in (ab) clearly show that irradiation leaching with acetic acid alone is ineffective. However, silver (Ag) can be effectively dissolved and leached when acetic acid is used as a metal ligand and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. This is mainly because hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid have similar structures, both containing peroxy bonds (OO), and after electron beam irradiation, they produce the same hydroxyl radicals. The difference is that peracetic acid also produces acetyl radicals, so the oxidative leaching effect is more significant. In addition, compared with hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid not only produces corresponding free radical active substances, but the acetate ions generated after activation can also act as ligands for silver ions to promote silver leaching.

[0038] Example 3 One decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) solution. This process was repeated five times. The cells were then subjected to irradiation leaching at different doses of electron beam (0 kGy, 80 kGy, 160 kGy, 240 kGy, and 320 kGy). The dissolution rates of silver (Ag) were 39.8%, 45%, 96.5%, 98.2%, and 100%, respectively.

[0039] Example 4 One retired solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver (approximately 400 mg) was repeatedly set up in 5 groups and placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid solutions of different concentrations (0.2%, 0.6%, 1.2%, 2%, 3%). Then, the cells were irradiated and leached under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 0.23%, 59.7%, 90.3%, 99.3%, and 95.7%, respectively.

[0040] From Examples 3 and 4 ( Figures 2-3The ICP test data clearly show that, under a certain concentration of peracetic acid (PAA) oxidant, the dissolution of Ag increases with the increase of electron beam irradiation dose; similarly, under a certain concentration of electron beam irradiation dose, the dissolution of Ag increases with the increase of peracetic acid (PAA) oxidant concentration; and the optimal combination of peracetic acid (PAA) / electron beam irradiation dose was found to be: when the peracetic acid (PAA) concentration was 2% and the electron beam irradiation dose was 160 kGy, the dissolution concentration of Ag was the highest. When the electron beam irradiation dose continued to increase (at 240 kGy and 320 kGy), the solubility of silver (Ag) only increased by about 2-3%. This is mainly because peracetic acid was already largely activated at 160 kGy, and increasing the dose had little effect on the leaching of silver (Ag). When the peracetic acid dose continued to increase (to 3%), the solubility of silver (Ag) only increased by about 5%. This is mainly because when the electron beam dose was at its rated level, the excess peracetic acid was not fully activated, and increasing the peracetic acid dose had little effect on the leaching of silver (Ag). Furthermore, from the perspective of energy conservation and reagent usage, both peracetic acid and electron beam irradiation doses should not be too high.

[0041] Example 5 One (approximately 400 mg) decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cell containing silver was repeatedly set up in 5 groups. Each cell was placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) solution with different initial pH values ​​(3, 5, 7, 9, 11) and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The dissolution rates of silver (Ag) were 96.2%, 97.1%, 98.5%, 98.2%, and 98.7%, respectively.

[0042] From Example 5 ( Figure 4 It can be seen that the peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI) system can effectively dissolve the precious metal silver over a wide pH range.

[0043] Example 6 Under optimal peracetic acid (PAA) / electron beam irradiation parameters and pH conditions, retired solar photovoltaic (PV) cells (1, 2, 3, and 5 cells) containing different amounts of silver were placed in 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) solution and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam dose of 160 kGy. The dissolution rates of silver (Ag) were 97%, 82%, 80%, and 85%, respectively.

[0044] From Example 6 ( Figure 5As can be seen, when the peracetic acid (PAA) concentration is 2% and the electron beam irradiation dose is 160 kGy, Ag still exhibits a high leaching rate with the increase in the number of decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cells. However, with the increase in the number of decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cells, the leaching rate of Ag decreases slightly. This is partly because, under a certain concentration of peracetic acid (PAA) oxidant, the concentration becomes insufficient with the number of decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cells, resulting in insufficient leaching of Ag from the generated oxide species. Another reason is that, under conditions of sufficient peracetic acid (PAA) oxidant, the electron beam irradiation dose becomes insufficient with the number of decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cells, resulting in insufficient leaching of Ag from the generated oxide species. Overall, however, the method of this invention still achieves a leaching rate of over 80% for the precious metal Ag.

[0045] The following describes the detection of Ag dissolution in a peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI) system after the addition of a quencher, and the investigation of the main active species that cause Ag dissolution.

[0046] Example 7 Add 1 mL of a 200 mg / L solution of Rhodamine B (RhB, 50 mg / L) to 10 mL of peracetic acid (2%) containing one silver-containing decommissioned solar photovoltaic cell (PV) (approximately 400 mg), and then allow it to stand in the dark for 20–120 min to leach.

[0047] From Example 7 ( Figures 6-7 The results clearly show that, compared to the control group (PAA / RhB), the dissolution of Ag in the liquid was significantly inhibited, decreasing from 35% to 4.5%; while the degradation of RhB was significantly accelerated, increasing from 55% to 90%. This indicates that the precious metal silver in decommissioned solar photovoltaic (PV) cells can effectively activate peracetic acid (PAA) to generate active species, thereby achieving the purpose of oxidative leaching of precious metal silver (i.e., following the autocatalytic oxidative leaching of silver). Combined with Case 1, it can be seen that adding electron beam irradiation to the PAA-treated PV cell system can enhance the autocatalytic oxidative leaching of silver process.

[0048] Example 8 Using tert-butanol (TBA) as a quencher for hydroxyl radicals (•OH), a retired solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver was placed in 8 mL of TBA (200 mmol / L) solution, followed by the addition of 2 mL of peracetic acid (2%), and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 33.7%.

[0049] Using hexadiene (2,4-HD) as a quencher for organic free radicals (R-C·), a retired solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver was placed in 8 mL of 2,4-HD (200 mmol / L) solution, followed by the addition of 2 mL of peracetic acid (2%), and then subjected to irradiation leaching under an electron beam dose of 160 kGy. The solubility of silver (Ag) was 69.2%.

[0050] Using furfuryl alcohol (FFA) as the singlet oxygen ( 1 Using O2 as a quencher, a retired solar photovoltaic cell (PV) containing silver was placed in 8 mL of FFA (40 mmol / L) solution, followed by the addition of 2 mL of peracetic acid (2%). Then, it was irradiated and leached under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The dissolution rate of silver (Ag) was 72.9%.

[0051] Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is used as the source of hydrated electrons (e - aq The silver (Ag) was dissolved in 8 mL of KNO3 (40 mmol / L) solution and 2 mL of peracetic acid (2%) was added. The solution was then irradiated and leached under an electron beam at a dose of 160 kGy. The dissolution rate of silver (Ag) was 61%.

[0052] From Example 8 ( Figure 8 It can be clearly seen that the dissolution rate of silver (Ag) in the liquid is significantly lower than that of the control group (Example 1, 96.5%), indicating the presence of hydroxyl radicals (·OH), organic radicals (R-C·), and singlet oxygen in the system. 1 O2), hydrated electrons (e - aq () is an important active substance.

[0053] The properties and content of the dissolved metals were determined by ICP-OES, and the precious metal content in the residue was analyzed. Each precious metal can be extracted separately using methods such as electrochemical reduction, electroprecipitation, and extraction, based on its different reduction potential.

[0054] Figure 9 The specific dissolution process of precious silver under peracetic acid / electron beam irradiation (PAA / EBI) treatment is demonstrated. Figure 9 A represents the electron beam irradiation reaction platform under real conditions. Figure 9B represents the specific reaction process and mechanism: peracetic acid (PAA) is excited by an electron beam in this system, and can also be activated by silver to generate free radicals (hydroxyl radicals (·OH), organic free radicals (R—C·, acetoxy radicals (CH3COO·)), and singlet oxygen (…). 1 O2), hydrated electrons (e - aq Free radicals further oxidize the metallic state into more soluble ions, with free radicals being key intermediates. These include hydroxyl radicals (·OH), organic free radicals (R—C·(acetoxy radical (CH3COO·)), and singlet oxygen (…). 1 O2 is the key reactive oxygen species in this catalytic system. Subsequently, the acetate ions generated from the reaction of the more soluble ions with peracetic acid form stable complexes through ligand formation, thereby achieving the purpose of oxidative leaching.

[0055] The above description represents preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The material containing precious metals to be dissolved is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing an oxidant and left to stand under irradiation conditions. Electron beam irradiation is used to enhance the autocatalytic effect of the precious metals themselves, promote the activation of the oxidant by the precious metals to produce active species, and thus dissolve the precious metals in the material.

2. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials containing precious metals to be dissolved include decommissioned solar photovoltaic panels and industrial control panels; the precious metal is mainly silver, with a content of 0.03-0.05 wt%.

3. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidant is peracetic acid or a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid.

4. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass concentration of the aqueous solution containing the oxidant is 0.2-3%.

5. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irradiation mentioned is electron beam irradiation.

6. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electron beam dose in the entire dissolution system is 80-320 kGy.

7. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, The irradiation equipment is an electron accelerator with an energy of 1.0-2.5 MeV, a beam current of 1-3 mA, a sample stage moving speed of 10-40 mm / s, an electron beam width of 8 mm, and 2-6 beam passes.

8. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irradiation was carried out at room temperature.

9. The method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in aqueous solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irradiation time is 0.25-4s.

10. A method for irradiation-enhanced dissolution of noble metals in an aqueous solution according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The leaching rate of the precious metal silver is over 96%.

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