Workpiece having a dyed anodic oxide layer and surface treatment method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510195039.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
AI Technical Summary
[0003]然而，一方面，阳极氧化染色工艺需要通电实现，目前只适合对导电材料的表面采用该工艺；另一方面，在导电材料中，铝基材料(例如铝及其合金)是目前行业内唯一能够实现批量生产该工艺制程的材料
[0039]本申请提供了一种具有染色阳极氧化层的工件及表面处理方法，其中工件包括基材层，基材层的表面设置有过渡层，过渡层中包括元素M，元素M包括镍、铬和氮中的至少一种，过渡层背离基材层的一面设置有铝层，铝层背离基材层的一面设置有染色阳极氧化层。本申请的过渡层能够提高基材层与用于镀膜的铝层之间的结合力，从而使铝层有效附着于基材层表面，进而能够利用阳极氧化染色工艺在铝层表面形成染色阳极氧化层。本申请实现了表面真空镀+阳极氧化染色工艺的结合，突破了目前只能在铝基材层表面进行阳极氧化染色工艺的限制，并且，本申请能够在非铝基材料的工件表面形成染色阳极氧化层，相比于传统的喷涂工艺，工件表面不会有回油，局部厚度不会增加，且不会遮蔽工件表面纹理的凹凸细节，提高了工件的品质；相比于传统的表面真空镀工艺，本申请形成的染色阳极氧化层的颜色不受限制，能够使工件表面形成鲜艳的颜色，例如，形成正红色(RGB数值：R值255，G值0，B值0)，提高了工件的色彩丰富程度。本申请更适合实现批量生产具有染色阳极氧化层的工件。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of surface treatment technology, and in particular to a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer and a surface treatment method thereof. Background Technology
[0002] Anodizing dyeing is a dyeing process based on anodizing. This process can form a colored aluminum oxide film on the surface of the workpiece. The formed aluminum oxide film has protective, decorative and other functional properties.
[0003] However, on the one hand, the anodizing dyeing process requires electricity and is currently only suitable for the surface of conductive materials; on the other hand, among conductive materials, aluminum-based materials (such as aluminum and its alloys) are currently the only materials in the industry capable of mass-producing this process. Therefore, how to form a dyed anodized layer on the surface of non-aluminum-based workpieces has become a pressing technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application discloses a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer and a surface treatment method, thereby achieving the formation of a dyed anodized layer on the surface of a workpiece made of non-aluminum-based material.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a workpiece having a dyed anodized layer, the workpiece comprising a substrate layer;
[0006] A transition layer is provided on the surface of the substrate layer, and the transition layer includes element M, which includes at least one of nickel, chromium and nitrogen.
[0007] An aluminum layer is provided on the side of the transition layer that faces away from the substrate layer;
[0008] A colored anodized layer is provided on the side of the aluminum layer that is away from the substrate layer.
[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the transition layer is 10 nm to 100 nm.
[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the aluminum layer is 4000 nm to 5000 nm.
[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the dyed anodized layer is 5 μm to 30 μm.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the transition layer includes at least one of nickel-chromium alloy and chromium nitride.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, when the material of the substrate layer is stainless steel, the material of the transition layer includes a nickel-chromium alloy;
[0014] When the material of the substrate layer is a titanium alloy, the material of the transition layer includes chromium nitride.
[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is formed based on a vacuum plating process;
[0016] And / or, the aluminum layer is formed based on a vacuum plating process.
[0017] Secondly, this application provides a surface treatment method applied to a workpiece having a dyed anodized layer as described in the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:
[0018] A workpiece to be processed is provided, the surface of which has a substrate layer;
[0019] The transition layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer by a vacuum deposition process.
[0020] The aluminum layer is formed on the side of the transition layer opposite to the substrate layer by a vacuum plating process.
[0021] An anodized layer is formed on the side of the aluminum layer that is opposite to the substrate layer by an anodizing process.
[0022] The anodic oxide layer is dyed to form the dyed anodic oxide layer.
[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the preparation process of the transition layer includes:
[0024] The workpiece to be processed is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, argon gas is introduced into the vacuum plating furnace, and a target containing element M is sputtered to form the transition layer on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece to be processed.
[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is made of a nickel-chromium alloy, and the preparation process of the nickel-chromium alloy layer includes:
[0026] The workpiece to be processed is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a nickel-chromium alloy target, forming a transition layer of nickel-chromium alloy material on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10... -5 Pa~10 -4 Pa, argon gas flow rate of 200 sccm to 240 sccm, substrate bias of 100 V to 150 V, current of 25 A to 30 A, sputtering time of 10 min to 40 min.
[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is made of chromium nitride, and the preparation process of the chromium nitride layer includes:
[0028] The workpiece to be treated is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a chromium target, forming a transition layer of chromium nitride on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10... - 5 Pa~10 -4 Pa, argon gas flow rate of 200 sccm to 240 sccm, substrate bias of 100 V to 150 V, current of 25 A to 30 A, sputtering time of 5 min to 10 min.
[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes, prior to forming the anodic oxide layer:
[0030] The workpiece to be treated, which has an aluminum layer, is immersed in nitric acid for 20 to 40 seconds.
[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the dyeing process of the anodic oxide layer includes:
[0032] The workpiece to be treated, which has an anodic oxide layer, is immersed in a hole-expanding solution and subjected to a discharge hole-expanding treatment for 20 to 40 minutes.
[0033] The workpiece to be treated after the discharge hole enlargement treatment is immersed in the dyeing solution for a dyeing treatment time of 3 min to 5 min.
[0034] The dyed workpiece is immersed in a sealing solution for 20 to 40 minutes.
[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the surface treatment method further includes a pretreatment process, the pretreatment process comprising:
[0036] The cleaned workpiece is placed in an oven and baked at 75℃~85℃ for 1h~2h to remove residual water from the workpiece.
[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the substrate layer includes at least one selected from stainless steel, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, and copper.
[0038] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0039] This application provides a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer and a surface treatment method thereon. The workpiece includes a substrate layer, and a transition layer is disposed on the surface of the substrate layer. The transition layer includes element M, which includes at least one of nickel, chromium, and nitrogen. An aluminum layer is disposed on the side of the transition layer facing away from the substrate layer, and the dyed anodized layer is disposed on the side of the aluminum layer facing away from the substrate layer. The transition layer of this application can improve the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer used for coating, thereby enabling the aluminum layer to effectively adhere to the surface of the substrate layer, and thus enabling the formation of a dyed anodized layer on the surface of the aluminum layer using an anodizing dyeing process. This application combines surface vacuum plating with anodizing dyeing processes, overcoming the current limitation that anodizing dyeing can only be performed on aluminum substrates. Furthermore, this application can form a dyed anodized layer on the surface of non-aluminum-based workpieces. Compared to traditional spraying processes, there is no oil return on the workpiece surface, no increase in local thickness, and no obscuring of the surface texture details, thus improving workpiece quality. Compared to traditional surface vacuum plating processes, the color of the dyed anodized layer formed by this application is unrestricted, enabling the workpiece surface to achieve vibrant colors, such as a true red (RGB values: R value 255, G value 0, B value 0), enhancing the color richness of the workpiece. This application is more suitable for mass production of workpieces with dyed anodized layers. Attached Figure Description
[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to one embodiment of this application;
[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transition layer structure of one embodiment of this application;
[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the aluminum layer structure according to one embodiment of this application.
[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Substrate layer-1, Transition layer-2, Aluminum layer-3, Colored anodized layer-4. Detailed Implementation
[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0046] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0047] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0048] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0050] The inventors discovered that while surface vacuum plating can form a colored film on the workpiece surface, the color of the vacuum-plated film is achieved through multi-layer interference and the inherent color of the metal material, which limits the color and prevents the formation of vibrant colors, such as bright red, thus affecting the color richness of the workpiece. Although spraying is not limited in color, the paint needs to be applied very thickly (usually around 45μm) to pass the wear resistance test, which can lead to oil return around the workpiece and increased local thickness, obscuring the fine details of the surface texture and affecting the quality of the workpiece. Although anodizing dyeing is also not limited in color, it is currently only suitable for mass production of aluminum-based workpieces.
[0051] In view of this, the first aspect of this application provides a workpiece having a dyed anodized layer, with reference to... Figure 1 The workpiece includes a substrate layer 1, and a transition layer 2 is disposed on the surface of the substrate layer 1. In one optional embodiment, a portion of the surface of the substrate layer is provided with the transition layer; in another optional embodiment, the entire surface of the substrate layer is provided with the transition layer. The transition layer 2 includes element M, which includes at least one of nickel, chromium, and nitrogen. An aluminum layer 3 is disposed on the side of the transition layer 2 facing away from the substrate layer 1. The aluminum layer can be made of pure aluminum or an aluminum-magnesium alloy. A colored anodized layer 4 is disposed on the side of the aluminum layer 3 facing away from the substrate layer 1.
[0052] This application discloses a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer, wherein the transition layer enhances the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer used for coating, thereby effectively adhering the aluminum layer to the substrate surface. This allows for the formation of a dyed anodized layer on the aluminum surface using an anodizing dyeing process. This application combines surface vacuum plating with anodizing dyeing, overcoming the current limitation that anodizing dyeing can only be performed on aluminum substrates. Furthermore, this application can form a dyed anodized layer on the surface of non-aluminum-based workpieces. Compared to traditional spraying processes, there is no oil return on the workpiece surface, no increase in local thickness, and no obscuring of the surface texture details, thus improving workpiece quality. Compared to traditional surface vacuum plating processes, the color of the dyed anodized layer formed by this application is unrestricted, enabling the workpiece surface to achieve vibrant colors, such as a bright red, increasing the color richness of the workpiece. This application is more suitable for mass production of workpieces with dyed anodized layers.
[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the transition layer is 10 nm to 100 nm. When the thickness of the transition layer is too small (e.g., less than 10 nm), the resulting transition layer is too thin, making it difficult to improve the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer used for coating, resulting in the dyed anodized layer being difficult to adhere firmly to the surface of the substrate layer; when the thickness of the transition layer is too large (e.g., greater than 100 nm), the resulting transition layer is too thick, causing the transition layer to crack after excessive stress release. By controlling the thickness of the transition layer within the above range, the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer can be improved and the transition layer itself is less prone to cracking, thereby enabling the dyed anodized layer to adhere firmly to the surface of the substrate layer.
[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the aluminum layer is 4000 nm to 5000 nm. By controlling the thickness of the aluminum layer within the above range, the risk of the transition layer penetrating the aluminum layer can be reduced during the oxidation dyeing process, thereby improving the coating quality of the dyed anodized layer.
[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the dyed anodized layer is 5 μm to 30 μm. By controlling the thickness of the dyed anodized layer within the above range, it is possible to effectively protect and decorate the workpiece, while avoiding cracking problems caused by an excessively thick dyed anodized layer.
[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the transition layer includes at least one of nickel-chromium alloy and chromium nitride.
[0057] In some embodiments of this application, when the substrate layer is made of stainless steel, the transition layer is made of a nickel-chromium alloy. The transition layer formed based on the nickel-chromium alloy effectively improves the adhesion between the stainless steel substrate layer and the aluminum layer, thereby facilitating the formation of the colored anodized layer of this application. When the substrate layer is made of titanium alloy, the transition layer is made of chromium nitride. The transition layer formed based on chromium nitride effectively improves the adhesion between the titanium alloy substrate layer and the aluminum layer, thereby facilitating the formation of the colored anodized layer of this application. The titanium alloy used in this application may include, but is not limited to, titanium-magnesium alloys, titanium-nickel alloys, etc.
[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is formed by a vacuum plating process; and / or, the aluminum layer is formed by a vacuum plating process, which has the advantages of thinner plating and higher adhesion.
[0059] The workpieces in this application may include, but are not limited to, watch straps, cases, buckles, decorative parts, and other components of a telephone watch, thereby improving the quality and color richness of these components.
[0060] Secondly, this application provides a surface treatment method applied to a workpiece having a dyed anodized layer as described in any of the above embodiments, the method comprising the following steps:
[0061] Step A: Provide a workpiece to be processed, the surface of which has a substrate layer;
[0062] Step B: A transition layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer using a vacuum deposition process;
[0063] Step C: An aluminum layer is formed on the side of the transition layer that faces away from the substrate layer using a vacuum plating process;
[0064] Step D: An anodized layer is formed on the side of the aluminum layer that faces away from the substrate layer using an anodizing process;
[0065] Step E: Dye the anodic oxide layer to form a dyed anodic oxide layer.
[0066] In step A, the workpiece to be treated refers to the workpiece to be anodized. The outer surface of the workpiece to be treated may have a substrate layer; or, the inner surface of the workpiece to be treated may have a substrate layer; or, both the outer and inner surfaces of the workpiece to be treated may have substrate layers. The material of the substrate layer may be the same as or different from the material of the workpiece to be treated; this application does not impose any particular limitation. When the material of the substrate layer is the same as the material of the workpiece to be treated, the substrate layer may be a part of the workpiece to be treated.
[0067] In step B, the vacuum plating process includes, but is not limited to, vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or ion plating, etc., and this application does not have any particular limitations. Figure 2 As shown, through step B, the transition layer 2 is formed on the surface of the substrate layer 1.
[0068] In step C, the vacuum plating process includes, but is not limited to, vacuum evaporation, sputtering, or ion plating, etc., and this application does not have any particular limitations. Figure 3 As shown, through step C, aluminum layer 3 is formed on the side of transition layer 2 that is away from substrate layer 1.
[0069] In step D, the anodizing process can be carried out by electrolysis to form aluminum oxide on the surface of the aluminum layer. Aluminum oxide changes the surface state and properties of the workpiece, improving its corrosion resistance, wear resistance and hardness.
[0070] In step E, the anodic oxide layer is dyed using a solution containing color powder, thereby forming a dyed anodic oxide layer, which gives the surface of the workpiece color and improves the color richness of the workpiece.
[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the preparation process of the transition layer includes:
[0072] The workpiece to be treated is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, argon gas is introduced into the vacuum plating furnace, and a target material containing element M is sputtered to form a transition layer on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece to be treated.
[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is made of a nickel-chromium alloy, and the preparation process of the nickel-chromium alloy layer includes:
[0074] The workpiece to be treated is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a nickel-chromium alloy target, forming a transition layer of nickel-chromium alloy material on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10. -5 Pa~10 - 4 The process parameters are as follows: argon gas flow rate is 200 sccm–240 sccm, substrate bias is 100 V–150 V, current is 25 A–30 A, and sputtering time is 10 min–40 min. By controlling the above process parameters within the scope of this application, it is beneficial to form the nickel-chromium alloy-based transition layer of this application, thereby improving the adhesion between the stainless steel substrate layer and the aluminum layer.
[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the transition layer is made of chromium nitride, and the preparation process of the chromium nitride layer includes:
[0076] The workpiece to be treated is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a chromium target, forming a transition layer of chromium nitride on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10. -5 Pa~10 -4 The process parameters are as follows: argon gas flow rate is 200 sccm–240 sccm, substrate bias is 100 V–150 V, current is 25 A–30 A, and sputtering time is 5 min–10 min. By controlling the above process parameters within the scope of this application, it is beneficial to form the chromium nitride-based transition layer of this application, thereby improving the adhesion between the titanium alloy substrate layer and the aluminum layer.
[0077] In some embodiments of this application, the method further includes, prior to forming the anodic oxide layer:
[0078] The workpiece with the aluminum layer is immersed in nitric acid for 20 to 40 seconds.
[0079] Compared to the time required for existing immersion treatments (typically 1 minute), the immersion time of this application is shorter. This is because the transition layer of this application improves the bonding force between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer. Therefore, there is no need to use a thicker aluminum layer to improve the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer. The thinner aluminum layer can react with nitric acid more quickly, thereby shortening the immersion treatment time of the workpiece and improving the processing efficiency.
[0080] In some embodiments of this application, the dyeing process of the anodic oxide layer includes:
[0081] Step a: Immerse the workpiece with the anodic oxide layer in the hole-reforming solution and perform a discharge hole-reforming treatment for 20 min to 40 min.
[0082] Step b: Immerse the workpiece to be treated after the discharge hole enlargement treatment in the dyeing solution for a dyeing treatment time of 3 min to 5 min;
[0083] Step c: Immerse the dyed workpiece in the sealing solution for 20 to 40 minutes.
[0084] In step a, compared to the time taken by existing discharge hole enlargement processes (usually 1 hour), the discharge hole enlargement time of this application is shorter. This is because the transition layer of this application improves the bonding force between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer. Therefore, it is not necessary to improve the adhesion with the substrate layer through a thicker aluminum layer. The thinner aluminum layer can react with the hole enlargement liquid more quickly, thereby shortening the discharge hole enlargement time of the workpiece and improving the processing efficiency.
[0085] In step b, the dyeing solution can be a solution formed by mixing color powder and solvent. Commercially available dyeing solutions can be used, and technicians can adjust the color of the color powder according to the design color of the workpiece; this application does not have any particular limitations.
[0086] In step c, compared to the time taken by existing sealing processes (usually 1 hour), the sealing process of this application is shorter. This is because the time of the discharge hole enlargement process is shortened, and the sealing process can be completed in a short time, thereby shortening the sealing process time of the workpiece and improving the processing efficiency.
[0087] In some embodiments of this application, the surface treatment method further includes a pretreatment process, the pretreatment process comprising:
[0088] After cleaning, place the workpiece in an oven and bake it at 75℃~85℃ for 1h~2h to remove residual water from the workpiece, so as to avoid the influence of residual water stains on the subsequent vacuum plating process and to avoid local discoloration on the surface of the workpiece.
[0089] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the substrate layer includes at least one of stainless steel, titanium alloy, copper, and zinc alloy.
[0090] The thickness of the transition layer typically increases with the increase of sputtering time. Based on this, the thickness of the transition layer can be controlled by adjusting the sputtering time. The thickness of the aluminum layer typically increases with the increase of sputtering time. Based on this, the thickness of the aluminum layer can be controlled by adjusting the sputtering time. The thickness of the colored anodized layer typically depends on the duration of the discharge hole-expanding process and / or the duration of the hole-sealing process. Based on this, the thickness of the colored anodized layer can be controlled by adjusting the duration of the discharge hole-expanding process and / or the duration of the hole-sealing process.
[0091] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the workpiece to be processed. For example, the shape of the workpiece to be processed can be cubic, sheet-like, spherical, polygonal, or irregular. The workpiece to be processed in this application can include, but is not limited to, components such as watch straps, cases, buckles, and decorative parts of a telephone watch, thereby improving the quality and color richness of these components.
[0092] This application provides a surface treatment method in which a transition layer is formed on the surface of a substrate layer by a vacuum plating process. This transition layer can improve the adhesion between the substrate layer and the aluminum layer used for coating, realizing the combination of surface vacuum plating and anodizing dyeing process. This breaks through the current limitation that anodizing dyeing process can only be performed on the surface of aluminum substrate layer. This application can also shorten the surface treatment time of the workpiece, improve the processing efficiency, and is suitable for mass production in factories.
[0093] The following describes the workpiece with a dyed anodized layer and the surface treatment method of this application in more specific embodiments.
[0094] Example 1
[0095] <Preprocessing>
[0096] The stainless steel workpiece to be treated (a rectangular stainless steel sheet with a length of 30cm, a width of 5cm, and a thickness of 10cm) is placed in a cleaning tank and ultrasonically cleaned with pure water to remove debris, dust, cutting fluid, oil, etc. Then, the cleaned workpiece is placed in an oven and baked at 80℃ for 1 hour to remove residual water.
[0097] <Preparation of the transition layer>
[0098] The workpiece to be processed is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, argon gas is introduced into the furnace, and the workpiece surface is cleaned with plasma for 20 minutes. Then, the substrate bias is turned on, and a nickel-chromium alloy target is sputtered using magnetron sputtering to form a transition layer of nickel-chromium alloy material on the substrate surface of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10. -5Pa, argon gas flow rate, substrate bias voltage, and current were adjusted according to Table 1, sputtering time was 30 min, and the thickness of the transition layer is shown in Table 1.
[0099] <Preparation of Aluminum Layer>
[0100] The nickel-chromium alloy target was shut off in the vacuum plating furnace, the aluminum target was turned on, and argon gas was continuously introduced. A magnetron sputtering process was used to form an aluminum layer on the surface of the transition layer. The sputtering time was 5 hours, and the thickness of the aluminum layer was 4000 nm.
[0101] <Preparation of Anodized Layer>
[0102] The workpiece with an aluminum layer is immersed in nitric acid (95wt%) for 30 seconds, and then placed in an oxidation tank for anodizing to form an anodized layer.
[0103] <Preparation of Dyed Anodized Layer>
[0104] The workpiece with the anodic oxide layer was immersed in a hole-expanding solution for 30 minutes for discharge hole-expanding treatment; the workpiece after discharge hole-expanding treatment was then immersed in a dyeing solution for 4 minutes for dyeing treatment; the workpiece after dyeing treatment was then immersed in a sealing solution for 30 minutes for sealing treatment, thus obtaining a dyed anodic oxide layer. The thickness of the dyed anodic oxide layer is shown in Table 2.
[0105] Examples 2 to 3
[0106] Except for the change in the thickness of the transition layer by adjusting the sputtering time according to Table 1 in the <Preparation of Transition Layer> section, the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0107] Examples 4 to 5
[0108] Except for adjusting the relevant preparation parameters according to Table 2 in the <Preparation of Transition Layer> section, the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0109] Examples 6 to 7
[0110] Except for the adjustment of the relevant preparation parameters according to Table 3 in the <Preparation of Dyed Anodized Layer>, which resulted in a change in the thickness of the dyed anodized layer, the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0111] Comparative Examples 1 to 2
[0112] Except for the change in the thickness of the transition layer by adjusting the sputtering time according to Table 1 in the <Preparation of Transition Layer> section, the rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0113] Table 1: Preparation parameters of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2
[0114] Sputtering duration (min) Transition layer thickness (nm) Example 1 30 50 Example 2 10 30 Example 3 40 100 Comparative Example 1 5 5 Comparative Example 2 60 200
[0115] Table 2: Preparation parameters of Examples 1, 4-5
[0116]
[0117] Table 3: Preparation parameters of Examples 1, 6-7
[0118] Discharge via enlargement processing time (min) Staining treatment time (min) Sealing processing time (min) Example 1 30 4 30 Example 6 20 3 20 Example 7 40 5 40
[0119] Test methods and equipment:
[0120] Adhesion test of transition layer:
[0121] The workpiece with the transition layer was used as a test sample. It was boiled in water at 100 degrees Celsius for 1 hour and then subjected to a cross-cut test.
[0122] Step 1: Select a suitable area on the sample surface of the material to be tested (the area should be free of obvious defects and stains, and the surface should be clean and dry).
[0123] Step 2: Make two intersecting cuts about 40mm long on the sample with a knife. The depth of the cuts should be enough to reach the substrate (i.e., the base material layer). (The blade should be used to make cuts along the hard horizontal bar and only in one direction. Do not make cuts repeatedly on the cut. Check if the cut reaches the substrate. If not, select another area and make cuts again.) The angle between the two intersecting cuts should be 30° to 45°, and the intersection should be at the center of the two cuts.
[0124] Step 3: Take a piece of tape that is 25mm wide and 75mm long. Place the center of the tape near the intersection of the cuts and apply the tape along the direction of the cuts. Press the tape flat and rub it back and forth with an eraser to make the tape adhere well to the cut area.
[0125] Step 4: Wait approximately 90 seconds, then quickly pull the tape apart from one end at a 180° angle to the horizontal as much as possible to perform a 180° peel test. The test results are determined as follows:
[0126] 5A -- No peeling or separation of the transition layer;
[0127] 4A -- Minor peeling or separation along the cut / intersection of the transition layer;
[0128] 3A--The transition layer has serrated protrusions along the cut, reaching 1.6 mm;
[0129] 2A--The transition layer mostly protrudes in a serrated pattern along the cut, reaching 3.2 mm;
[0130] 1A--Most of the peeling or separation of the transition layer occurs along the intersection region;
[0131] 0A--The part of the transition layer that has peeled off or separated is not in the intersection area.
[0132] Table 4: Performance data of each embodiment and comparative example
[0133] Transition layer thickness (nm) 100-square test results Example 1 50 5A Example 2 30 4A Example 3 100 5A Example 4 40 4A Example 5 70 4A Example 6 55 5A Example 7 53 5A Comparative Example 1 5 1A Comparative Example 2 200 1A
[0134] As can be seen from Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the cross-cut test results of Comparative Example 1 are poor, which may be due to its transition layer being too thin, resulting in the risk of peeling or separation of the transition layer; the cross-cut test results of Comparative Example 2 are also poor, which may be due to its transition layer being too thick, resulting in the risk of cracking of the transition layer; the cross-cut test results of this application are better, which is beneficial to the stable adhesion of the dyed anodized layer to the surface of the substrate layer.
[0135] The above provides a detailed description of a workpiece with a dyed anodized layer and a surface treatment method disclosed in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core inventive points of the embodiments of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A workpiece having a dyed anodized layer, characterized in that, The workpiece includes a substrate layer; A transition layer is provided on the surface of the substrate layer, and the transition layer includes element M, which includes at least one of nickel, chromium and nitrogen. An aluminum layer is provided on the side of the transition layer that faces away from the substrate layer; A colored anodized layer is provided on the side of the aluminum layer that is away from the substrate layer.
2. The workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the transition layer is 10 nm to 100 nm.
3. The workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the aluminum layer is 4000nm to 5000nm.
4. The workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the dyed anodic oxide layer is 5 μm to 30 μm.
5. The workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the transition layer includes at least one of nickel-chromium alloy and chromium nitride.
6. The workpiece with a dyed anodized layer according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the material of the substrate layer is stainless steel, the material of the transition layer includes a nickel-chromium alloy; When the material of the substrate layer is a titanium alloy, the material of the transition layer includes chromium nitride.
7. The workpiece having a dyed anodized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition layer is formed using a vacuum plating process; And / or, the aluminum layer is formed based on a vacuum plating process.
8. A surface treatment method, characterized in that, Applied to a workpiece having a dyed anodized layer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprises the following steps: A workpiece to be processed is provided, the surface of which has a substrate layer; The transition layer is formed on the surface of the substrate layer by a vacuum deposition process. The aluminum layer is formed on the side of the transition layer opposite to the substrate layer by a vacuum plating process. An anodized layer is formed on the side of the aluminum layer that is opposite to the substrate layer by an anodizing process. The anodic oxide layer is dyed to form the dyed anodic oxide layer.
9. The surface treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation process of the transition layer includes: The workpiece to be processed is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, argon gas is introduced into the vacuum plating furnace, and a target containing element M is sputtered to form the transition layer on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece to be processed.
10. The surface treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transition layer is made of a nickel-chromium alloy, and the preparation process of the nickel-chromium alloy layer includes: The workpiece to be processed is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a nickel-chromium alloy target, forming a transition layer of nickel-chromium alloy material on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10... -5 Pa~10 -4 Pa, argon gas flow rate of 200 sccm to 240 sccm, substrate bias of 100 V to 150 V, current of 25 A to 30 A, sputtering time of 10 min to 40 min.
11. The surface treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transition layer is made of chromium nitride, and the preparation process of the chromium nitride layer includes: The workpiece to be treated is placed in a vacuum plating furnace, and argon gas is introduced into the furnace to sputter a chromium target, forming a transition layer of chromium nitride on the surface of the substrate layer of the workpiece. The pressure of the vacuum plating furnace is 10... -5 Pa~10 -4 Pa, argon gas flow rate of 200 sccm to 240 sccm, substrate bias of 100 V to 150 V, current of 25 A to 30 A, sputtering time of 5 min to 10 min.
12. The surface treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Prior to forming the anodic oxide layer, the method further includes: The workpiece to be treated, which has an aluminum layer, is immersed in nitric acid for 20 to 40 seconds.
13. The surface treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dyeing process for the anodic oxide layer includes: The workpiece to be treated, which has an anodic oxide layer, is immersed in a hole-expanding solution and subjected to a discharge hole-expanding treatment for 20 to 40 minutes. The workpiece to be treated after the discharge hole enlargement treatment is immersed in the dyeing solution for a dyeing treatment time of 3 min to 5 min. The dyed workpiece is immersed in a sealing solution for 20 to 40 minutes.
14. The surface treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The surface treatment method further includes a pretreatment process, the pretreatment process comprising: The cleaned workpiece is placed in an oven and baked at 75℃~85℃ for 1h~2h to remove residual water from the workpiece.
15. The surface treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the substrate layer includes at least one of stainless steel, titanium alloy, zinc alloy and copper.