Rainwater harvesting and supplemental irrigation system and method based on dynamic regulation of silt dam discharge

Abstract

The application discloses a rainwater collecting and supplemental irrigation system and method based on dynamic regulation of silt dam abandoned flow, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy facility construction. The system comprises a silt dam arranged at the upstream of a channel, a flexible retaining dam arranged at the downstream of the channel, a pump station arranged beside a water storage area, a high-level water storage pool arranged above a ditch slope, an irrigation pipe network arranged between the high-level water storage pool and the terrace, the irrigation pipe network conveying water in the high-level water storage pool to the terrace for irrigation, and an intelligent control unit for controlling the working state of the control device according to the siltation height of the flexible retaining dam, so as to adjust the height of the flexible retaining dam. The application converts the originally wasted silt dam abandoned flow into a reliable irrigation water source, directly serves dry terrace, and realizes deep development of the attached water resources of the stock water conservancy project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy facility construction technology, and in particular to water resource utilization technology that combines flexible dams and silt-retaining dams. Background Technology

[0002] Northwest my country suffers from water scarcity. Traditional silt-retention dams have proven effective in soil and water conservation and sediment retention, but their primary design function is sediment trapping, lacking long-term effective water storage capacity. This often results in the waste of valuable rainwater resources intercepted by the dams being diverted. Simultaneously, the region faces severe water shortages for irrigation in its hillside terraces, hindering agricultural production and rural revitalization.

[0003] In existing technology, CN120694141A discloses a four-in-one rainwater harvesting and irrigation system for dryland farmland, which improves rainwater utilization efficiency through a combination of water interception, photovoltaic water lifting, high-level water storage, and irrigation replenishment. However, this system does not address the potential for exploiting the runoff resources of existing large-scale silt-retaining dam systems, nor does it resolve the contradiction between the "silt-retaining but not water-storing" nature of silt-retaining dams and agricultural water needs. Furthermore, traditional fixed dam structures cannot adapt to the dynamic changes in siltation and torrential flood discharge, lacking flexibility.

[0004] On the other hand, in the field of debris flow prevention, existing research has focused on the self-cleaning function of permeable dams such as slot dams, which can restore part of the reservoir capacity under hydrodynamic action through structural adjustments. In the field of urban stormwater management, sponge city systems have also emerged, which achieve rainwater retention, storage, purification, and utilization through gate valve control. However, these technologies have not been integrated with the supplementary irrigation needs of dryland agriculture or existing silt-retention dam projects.

[0005] Therefore, how to revitalize the wastewater resources of existing silt-retention dam projects has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system and method based on dynamic regulation of runoff from silt-retaining dams, in order to solve the problem of the contradiction between water storage and agricultural water demand in the prior art.

[0007] On the one hand, embodiments of this application provide a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion from silt-retaining dams, comprising: Silt-retaining dams are located upstream of gullies; Flexible water retention dams are set downstream of the channel, forming a water storage area. The pumping station is located next to the water storage area and is equipped with water pumps. The elevated water storage tank is located above the ditch slope, and the water pump lifts the water in the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank; The irrigation network is set up between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields. The irrigation network transports water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the control device in the flexible dam. The intelligent control unit controls the working status of the control device according to the siltation height of the flexible dam, so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the flexible dam is a rubber dam, and the control device is a filling and draining pump, which adjusts the height by filling or draining water into the rubber dam.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the dam bag of the rubber dam is anchored to a concrete base plate at the bottom of the channel.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a reservoir level gauge is installed in the silt-retaining dam, a dam-front level gauge is installed in the flexible impounding dam, a pool level gauge is installed in the high-level reservoir, and a rain gauge is installed upstream of the channel. The reservoir level gauge, dam-front level gauge, pool level gauge, and rain gauge are all electrically connected to the intelligent control unit, and the water pump is also electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a water level gauge is used to monitor the water level of the elevated water tank in real time. When the water level is lower than a set value, the intelligent control unit controls the pump to lift water from the storage area to the elevated water tank.

[0012] In one possible implementation, rain gauges collect rainfall data from upstream of the ditch in real time, predict the flood volume of the flexible retaining dam based on the rainfall data, and when the flood volume exceeds the set value, the intelligent control unit controls the height of the flexible retaining dam to be reduced to the minimum to restore the flow state of the ditch.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the water pump is powered by photovoltaics.

[0014] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a method for rainwater harvesting and supplementary irrigation based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams, including: Set up silt-retention dams upstream of the gully; A flexible retaining dam is set up downstream of the channel, forming a water storage area; A pumping station is set up next to the water storage area, and a water lifting pump is installed in the pumping station; An elevated water storage tank is set up above the ditch slope, and water is pumped from the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank by a water pump; An irrigation network is installed between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields to transport water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The working status of the control device in the flexible dam is controlled according to the siltation height of the flexible dam, so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam.

[0015] The rainwater harvesting and irrigation system and method based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion from silt-retaining dams disclosed in this application have the following advantages: 1. Resource revitalization, turning waste into treasure. The previously wasted runoff from silt-retaining dams has been transformed into a reliable irrigation water source, directly serving dryland terraced fields, thus realizing the in-depth development of the auxiliary water resources of existing water conservancy projects.

[0016] 2. Dynamic and intelligent, multi-functional dam. Through intelligent switching between three modes of "normal water storage, dredging and flood control, and rainstorm discharge", a single dam can simultaneously undertake the triple functions of water storage and irrigation, mitigation of siltation, and flood control, thus resolving the contradiction between water storage and safety.

[0017] 3. System integration, multiplied benefits. The deep integration of "blocking (dynamic water storage), lifting (power enhancement), storage (high-level regulation), and replenishment (precision irrigation)" technologies within small watershed units not only increases agricultural output, but also improves the local microclimate and increases biodiversity, resulting in significant ecological and social benefits.

[0018] 4. Flexible modification and strong scalability. No need to modify the existing massive silt-retention dam main project, only "filling in" the downstream gully, low investment, quick results, especially suitable for upgrading and modifying tens of thousands of small and medium-sized silt-retention dams on the Loess Plateau. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working state of the flexible water retention dam under normal water storage mode, provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the working state of the flexible retaining dam under the dredging and control mode, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] The following are the symbols and their meanings: 1. Silt-retaining dam; 2. Flexible retention dam; 201. Concrete base slab. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This application provides a deployment diagram of a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion from silt-retaining dams, as part of an embodiment of this application. The embodiment of this application provides a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion from silt-retaining dams, comprising: Silt-retaining dam 1 is located upstream of the gully; Flexible dam 2 is located downstream of the ditch, forming a water storage area; The pumping station is located next to the water storage area and is equipped with water pumps. The elevated water storage tank is located above the ditch slope, and the water pump lifts the water in the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank; The irrigation network is set up between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields. The irrigation network transports water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the control device in the flexible dam 2. The intelligent control unit controls the working status of the control device according to the siltation height of the flexible dam 2, so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam 2.

[0025] For example, the silt-retaining dam 1 is a pre-constructed or conventionally designed silt-retaining dam, and the flexible silt-retaining dam 2 is a structure with adjustable dam height, located in a narrow section of the ditch about 300-500 meters downstream of the silt-retaining dam 1. The flexible silt-retaining dam 2 can be a rubber dam or a hydraulic lifting dam. If a rubber dam is used, water can be filled into the hollow rubber bag, and the dam height can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the amount of water. If a hydraulic lifting dam is used, the dam body is divided into at least two parts, one part is fixed at the bottom of the ditch, and the other part moves vertically or inclined up and down under the constraint of the fixed dam body. The movement of the movable dam body can be achieved by a hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] Taking a rubber dam as an example, the control device is a filling and draining pump, which adjusts the height by filling or draining water into the rubber dam. The dam bag, i.e., the aforementioned rubber bag, is anchored to the concrete base slab 201 at the bottom of the channel to prevent the rubber dam from being washed away by the water flow.

[0027] Furthermore, the silt-retaining dam 1 is equipped with a reservoir water level gauge, the flexible retaining dam 2 is equipped with a dam front water level gauge, the high-level reservoir is equipped with a pool water level gauge, and a rain gauge is installed upstream of the channel. The reservoir water level gauge, the dam front water level gauge, the pool water level gauge, and the rain gauge are all electrically connected to the intelligent control unit, and the water pump is also electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0028] Specifically, in addition to the upstream water level gauge, the flexible retaining dam 2 is also equipped with a sediment sensor. This sediment sensor is used to monitor the sediment accumulation height in the flexible retaining dam 2, providing a data basis for the intelligent control unit to adjust the height of the flexible retaining dam 2. In the embodiments of this application, the intelligent control unit integrates a PLC programmable logic device controller, which serves as the carrier for controlling the pumping pump and the filling and draining pump.

[0029] The system in this embodiment has the following three operating modes: 1. Normal water storage mode.

[0030] This mode primarily operates during the spring and summer crop water demand period. In this mode, the intelligent control unit controls the filling and draining pumps to inflate the rubber dam's dam bags to their designed height of 2.5 meters, intercepting the constant flow of water from the upstream silt-retaining dam 1 to form a water storage area. Figure 1 As shown in the figure. At the same time, the water level gauge in the pool monitors the water level of the high-level reservoir in real time. When the water level is lower than the set value, the intelligent control unit controls the water pump to lift the water in the water storage area to the high-level reservoir to prepare for the irrigation of the terraced fields.

[0031] 2. Dredging and prevention mode.

[0032] After several years of operation, data from the sediment sensors showed that the siltation surface of the rubber dam had increased, reducing the effective storage capacity by 30%. At this point, the intelligent control unit activated, gradually reducing the dam height from 2.5 meters to 0.8 meters, increasing the flow velocity, and using the water flow to flush away the silt. Figure 2 As shown. This operation can be carried out during the off-season for farming or on a day with light rain, and can last for several days. After some of the silt has been washed away and the reservoir capacity has been restored, the dam body can then be raised to the designed height.

[0033] 3. Rainstorm flood discharge mode.

[0034] Rain gauges collect real-time rainfall data from upstream of the ditch. Based on this data, the flood volume of flexible retaining dam 2 is predicted. When the flood volume exceeds a set value, the intelligent control unit controls the height of flexible retaining dam 2 to its minimum 12 hours in advance. This means controlling the filling and draining pumps to completely empty and collapse the dam's rubber bags, restoring the flow state of the ditch and ensuring the smooth discharge of upstream floodwaters, thus protecting the dam itself and the silt-retaining dam 1. After the rainstorm ends and the ditch flow stabilizes, the system automatically returns to normal water storage mode.

[0035] Furthermore, the water pumps are powered by photovoltaics.

[0036] Specifically, photovoltaic panels can be installed in the pumping station, and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels can be stored in energy storage batteries to power the water pumps.

[0037] This application also provides a method for rainwater harvesting and supplemental irrigation based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams, which includes the following steps: Set up a silt-retention dam 1 upstream of the ditch; A flexible retaining dam 2 is set up downstream of the channel, and the flexible retaining dam 2 forms a water storage area; A pumping station is set up next to the water storage area, and a water lifting pump is installed in the pumping station; An elevated water storage tank is set up above the ditch slope, and water is pumped from the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank by a water pump; An irrigation network is installed between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields to transport water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The working status of the control device in the flexible dam 2 is controlled according to the siltation height of the flexible dam 2, so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam 2.

[0038] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0039] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff from silt-retaining dams, characterized in that, include: Silt-retaining dam (1) is located upstream of the ditch; A flexible water retention dam (2) is set downstream of the channel, and the flexible water retention dam (2) forms a water storage area; A pumping station is located next to the water storage area, and the pumping station is equipped with a water lifting pump. An elevated water storage tank is located above the ditch slope, and the water pump lifts water from the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank; An irrigation pipeline network is installed between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields. The irrigation pipeline network transports water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The intelligent control unit is electrically connected to the control device in the flexible dam. The intelligent control unit controls the working state of the control device according to the siltation height of the flexible dam (2) so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam (2).

2. The rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible retaining dam (2) is a rubber dam, and the control device is a filling and draining pump. The filling and draining pump adjusts the height by filling or draining water into the rubber dam.

3. A rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The dam bag of the rubber dam is anchored to the concrete base plate (201) at the bottom of the ditch.

4. The rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silt-retaining dam (1) is equipped with a reservoir water level gauge, the flexible impounding dam (2) is equipped with a dam front water level gauge, the high-level water storage tank is equipped with a water tank water level gauge, and a rain gauge is installed upstream of the ditch. The reservoir water level gauge, the dam front water level gauge, the water tank water level gauge and the rain gauge are all electrically connected to the intelligent control unit, and the water pump is also electrically connected to the intelligent control unit.

5. A rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water level gauge is used to monitor the water level of the high-level water storage tank in real time. When the water level is lower than the set value, the intelligent control unit controls the water pump to lift the water in the storage area to the high-level water storage tank.

6. A rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rain gauge collects rainfall data from the upstream of the ditch in real time, and predicts the flood volume of the flexible barrier dam (2) based on the rainfall data. When the flood volume exceeds the set value, the intelligent control unit controls the height of the flexible barrier dam (2) to be reduced to the minimum to restore the flow state of the ditch.

7. A rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at silt-retaining dams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pump is powered by photovoltaics.

8. A method applied to a rainwater harvesting and irrigation system based on dynamic regulation of runoff diversion at a silt-retaining dam, as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Set up a silt-retaining dam upstream of the ditch (1); A flexible retaining dam (2) is set up downstream of the channel, and the flexible retaining dam (2) forms a water storage area; A pumping station is set up next to the water storage area, and a water pump is installed in the pumping station. An elevated water storage tank is set up above the ditch slope, and the water pump is used to lift water from the water storage area to the elevated water storage tank; An irrigation pipeline network is installed between the elevated reservoir and the terraced fields to transport water from the elevated reservoir to the terraced fields for irrigation. The working state of the control device in the flexible dam (2) is controlled according to the siltation height of the flexible dam (2) so as to adjust the height of the flexible dam (2).

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