A multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement wrapping system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement wrapping system, belong to geotechnical engineering reinforcement technical field.The system includes force transmission adjusting module, temperature response module, humidity response module and load response module;Force transmission adjusting module is fixed in the anchoring end of prestressed reinforcement body;Temperature response module includes bimetallic strip that different thermal expansion coefficient metal layer is laminated, and the deformation area of bimetallic strip is butted with the bottom of force transmission adjusting module, and environmental temperature changes make bimetallic strip bend deformation to adjust prestress;Humidity response module includes humidity adjusting mechanism filled with expansion medium and displacement transmission rod, and expansion medium expands and shrinks in volume when humidity changes to adjust prestress;Load response module includes load buffer mechanism, feels external load change and is transmitted to force transmission adjusting module to dynamically adjust prestress.The application cooperates by pure mechanical three modules, without external energy, solves the problem of poor environmental adaptability of prestress fixation, significantly improves the long-term stability of reinforced structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering reinforcement technology, specifically a multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement body system. Background Technology

[0002] Reinforced soil technology has become an important engineering method for treating soft soil foundations, constructing retaining walls, and reinforcing embankments. Traditional reinforced soil structures mainly rely on the friction between the reinforcement and the fill material to provide pull-out resistance. The reinforcement only functions after the structure undergoes a certain deformation. Temperature changes causing thermal expansion and contraction of the reinforcement, humidity changes causing fluctuations in the fill material strength, and traffic loads causing dynamic stress concentration all affect the stability of prestressing and exhibit the defect of delayed mechanical action of the reinforcement. To address this issue, prestressed reinforced soil structures have been proposed. By setting prestressed members at the ends of the reinforcement, the tensile strength of the reinforcement is utilized in advance, significantly improving the structure's resistance to deformation.

[0003] However, this prestressed reinforced soil structure uses a fixed prestressing method, where the prestress value is locked after construction. Factors such as temperature changes causing thermal expansion and contraction of the reinforcement, humidity changes causing fluctuations in filler strength, traffic loads causing dynamic stress concentration, and material creep all affect the stability of the prestress. Specifically, in the high temperatures of summer, reinforcement expansion leads to increased prestress, potentially exceeding the design strength; in the low temperatures of winter, reinforcement contraction leads to prestress loss, reducing the reinforcement effect; during the rainy season, when the filler softens, insufficient prestress makes it difficult to effectively restrain deformation; during the dry season, when the filler hardens, excessive prestress may accelerate reinforcement creep; under traffic dynamic loads, the prestress cannot respond dynamically, resulting in limited vibration reduction. Existing methods for adjusting prestress mainly include using shape memory alloys, hydraulic servo control systems, mechanically replaceable anchors, and other complex smart materials. However, shape memory alloys are expensive and have limited phase transformation fatigue life; servo control systems require external energy supply and sensors; anchor replacement is only passive and cannot be adaptively adjusted; and the preparation of related smart materials is difficult and has low engineering feasibility. In summary, there is currently a lack of a multi-factor collaborative adaptive prestressing reinforcement solution that requires no external energy supply, is purely mechanical, and can adapt to changes in environmental temperature and humidity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement body system to solve the technical problems of prestress fixation, poor environmental adaptability, and long-term performance degradation in existing prestressed reinforcement technologies in foundation treatment, roadbed widening and other engineering projects.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system includes a force transmission adjustment module, a temperature response module, a humidity response module, and a load response module; The force transmission adjustment module is fixed to the anchorage end of the prestressed stiffened body; The temperature response module includes a bimetallic sheet made of metal layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion. The bimetallic sheet is fixed to the lower part of the force transmission adjustment module. The deformation area of ​​the bimetallic sheet abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module. Changes in ambient temperature can cause the bimetallic sheet to produce different bending deformations. The prestress of the prestressed stiffener can be adjusted by the force transmission adjustment module. The humidity response module includes a humidity regulating mechanism and a displacement transmission rod disposed below the force transmission regulating module. The humidity regulating mechanism is filled with an expansion medium, and one end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the expansion medium and the other end abuts against the force transmission regulating module. The expansion medium is configured to expand in volume when the humidity increases and contract in volume when the humidity decreases. The load response module includes a load buffer mechanism located below the force transmission adjustment module. The load buffer mechanism has a sensing end that senses changes in external load and an output end that is connected to the force transmission adjustment module. When the external load increases, the load buffer mechanism transmits the load change to the force transmission adjustment module.

[0006] Preferably, the force transmission adjustment module includes a force transmission plate and an elastic buffer component. The force transmission plate is disposed above the temperature response module, humidity response module, and load response module. One end of the elastic buffer component is connected to the top of the force transmission plate, and the other end of the elastic buffer component is connected to the anchoring end of the prestressed reinforcement.

[0007] Preferably, an anchor plate is provided at the top of the elastic buffer component, and the anchor plate is connected to the end of the prestressed stiffener. The elastic buffer component is sleeved on the outside of the prestressed stiffener, or there are multiple elastic buffer components and they are evenly arranged along the circumference of the force transmission plate.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature response module further includes a fixing plate, which is fixed below the force transmission adjustment module. The non-deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip is fixed by the fixing plate, and the deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module.

[0009] Preferably, the first metal layer is made of brass or aluminum alloy, and the second metal layer is made of Invar alloy or low alloy steel.

[0010] Preferably, the humidity regulating mechanism includes an expansive soil chamber and an expansive medium. The expansive soil chamber is filled with the expansive medium. One end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the expansive medium, and the other end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the bottom of the force transmission regulating module.

[0011] Preferably, the sidewall of the expansive soil chamber is provided with moisture exchange holes; the expansive medium is modified sodium-based bentonite, and the expansive medium is wrapped with geotextile.

[0012] Preferably, the load buffer mechanism is a hydraulic bladder filled with fluid medium, with a sensing end and an output end respectively disposed in a first region and a second region on the surface of the hydraulic bladder. The sensing end is used to sense changes in external load, and the output end abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module through a stress transmission rod.

[0013] Preferably, the hydraulic bladder is disposed on top of the hydraulic bladder base, the hydraulic bladder base is fixed to the lower wrapping body, the first region of the hydraulic bladder is provided with an additional stress reaction plate, and the upper wrapping body is pressed onto the additional stress reaction plate.

[0014] Preferably, the additional stress reaction plate is a cavity with an open bottom, and the additional stress reaction plate is fastened to the hydraulic bladder base, with the hydraulic bladder located between the additional stress reaction plate and the hydraulic bladder base; the additional stress reaction plate is provided with an output area corresponding to the second area of ​​the hydraulic bladder, and an air bladder is provided in the output area. An air bladder piston is provided at the bottom of the air bladder, and the air bladder piston is pressed onto the output end of the hydraulic bladder. The top of the air bladder abuts against the stress transmission rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This application provides a multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement system that integrates response mechanisms for three environmental factors—temperature, humidity, and load—at the anchorage end of the prestressed reinforcement. A shared force transmission adjustment module enables multi-factor coordinated adaptive adjustment of prestress. The temperature response module uses a bimetallic sheet composed of layers of metals with different coefficients of thermal expansion. When the ambient temperature changes, the bimetallic sheet bends due to the difference in thermal expansion between the two metal layers, directly driving the displacement of the force transmission adjustment module to compensate for prestress fluctuations caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the reinforcement. The humidity response module fills the humidity adjustment mechanism with an expansion medium that expands when wet and contracts when dry. When the humidity of the filler increases, the expansion medium absorbs water and expands, pushing the force transmission adjustment module via a displacement transmission rod to increase the prestress and compensate for prestress loss caused by filler softening. When the humidity decreases, the expansion medium loses water and contracts, causing the prestress to adjust accordingly, preventing prestress overload after filler hardening. The load response module senses changes in external loads through the sensing end of the load buffer mechanism. When an instantaneous load such as that from a vehicle increases, it transmits the load change to the force transmission adjustment module, causing an instantaneous increase in prestress to resist deformation. After the load is removed, the force transmission adjustment module returns to its original position, restoring the prestress. All three modules are purely mechanical structures, requiring no external energy supply or sensors. They respond to changes in environmental factors at three different time scales: temperature, humidity, and load, respectively, collaboratively covering the main causes of prestress attenuation in prestressed reinforcement projects. This solution solves the problems of fixed prestress, poor environmental adaptability, and long-term performance degradation in existing prestressed reinforcement technologies, significantly improving the long-term stability and durability of reinforced structures. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement body system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bimetallic strip mechanism in the temperature response module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expansive soil-spring mechanism in the humidity response module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic-airbag mechanism in the load response module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three modules working together in the package of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Tension member; 2. Buckle; 3. Force transmission plate; 4. Temperature response module; 5. Humidity response module; 6. Load response module; 7. Double spring plate; 8. Fixing plate; 9. Force transmission hole; 10. Piston and displacement transmission rod; 11. Protective shell; 12. Geotextile; 13. Water exchange hole; 14. Expansive soil; 15. Stress transmission rod; 16. Airbag protection plate; 17. Airbag; 18. Airbag piston; 19. Piston rubber ring; 20. Additional stress reaction plate; 21. Hydraulic bladder; 22. Hydraulic bladder base; 23. Encapsulated geotextile; 24. Filler; 25. Protective cylinder. Detailed Implementation To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] See Figure 1-5 A multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system includes a force transmission adjustment module, a temperature response module 4, a humidity response module 5, and a load response module 6. The force transmission adjustment module is fixed to the anchorage end of the prestressed stiffened body; The temperature response module 4 includes a bimetallic sheet made of metal layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion. The bimetallic sheet is fixed to the lower part of the force transmission adjustment module. The deformation area of ​​the bimetallic sheet abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module. Changes in ambient temperature can cause the bimetallic sheet 7 to produce different bending deformations, thereby adjusting the prestress of the prestressed stiffener. The humidity response module 5 includes a humidity adjustment mechanism and a displacement transmission rod 10 disposed below the force transmission adjustment module. The humidity adjustment mechanism is filled with an expansion medium, and one end of the displacement transmission rod 10 abuts against the expansion medium and the other end abuts against the force transmission adjustment module. The expansion medium is configured to expand in volume when the humidity increases and contract in volume when the humidity decreases. The load response module 6 includes a load buffer mechanism disposed below the force transmission adjustment module. The load buffer mechanism has a sensing end that senses changes in external load and an output end that is connected to the force transmission adjustment module. When the external load increases, the load buffer mechanism transmits the load change to the force transmission adjustment module, which increases the prestress. When the external load is removed, the load buffer mechanism drives the force transmission adjustment module back to its original position, and the prestress is restored.

[0025] This system integrates temperature response, humidity response, and load response modules at the anchorage end of the prestressed stiffener, achieving multi-factor adaptive adjustment of prestress. The force transmission adjustment module, fixed at the anchorage end, serves as a shared force transmission interface for the three response modules, uniformly translating environmental changes sensed by each module into prestress adjustment actions. The temperature response module utilizes a bimetallic sheet composed of layers of metals with different thermal expansion coefficients. When the ambient temperature changes, the bimetallic sheet undergoes bending deformation, directly driving the displacement of the force transmission adjustment module and adjusting the prestress of the prestressed stiffener. The humidity response module fills the humidity adjustment mechanism with an expansion medium exhibiting wet-expansion-dry-contraction characteristics. Changes in the humidity of the filling material alter the volume of the expansion medium, which, via a displacement transmission rod, drives the force transmission adjustment module to achieve humidity compensation for the prestress. The load response module senses changes in external load through the sensing end of the load buffer mechanism. When the load increases, it transmits the load change to the force transmission adjustment module, causing an instantaneous increase in prestress to resist deformation. After the load is removed, the force transmission adjustment module returns to its original position, restoring the prestress. All three modules are purely mechanical structures, requiring no external energy supply or sensors. They respond to changes in environmental factors at three different time scales: temperature, humidity, and load. They collaboratively cover the main causes of prestress changes in projects such as soft soil foundation treatment and roadbed widening. They solve the problems of fixed prestress, poor environmental adaptability, and long-term performance degradation in existing prestressed reinforcement technologies, and significantly improve the long-term stability and durability of reinforced structures.

[0026] In some embodiments, the force transmission adjustment module includes a force transmission plate 3 and an elastic buffer component. The force transmission plate is disposed above the temperature response module, humidity response module, and load response module. The elastic buffer component is disposed at the upper end of the force transmission plate. One end of the elastic buffer component is connected to the force transmission plate, and the other end abuts against the anchoring end of the prestressed stiffener. The displacement of each response module is transmitted to the elastic buffer component through the force transmission plate, and after being buffered by the elastic buffer component, it acts on the prestressed stiffener to adjust the prestress.

[0027] Furthermore, an anchor plate is provided on the top of the elastic buffer component, and the elastic buffer component is located between the anchor plate and the force transmission plate. The anchor plate is connected to the end of the prestressed stiffener through the buckle 2.

[0028] In one implementation, the elastic buffer component is sleeved on the outside of the prestressed stiffener, with the lower end of the elastic buffer component abutting against the force transmission plate and the upper end abutting against the anchor plate.

[0029] In another implementation, there are multiple elastic buffer components, which are evenly arranged around the circumference of the force transmission plate. The lower end of each elastic buffer component abuts against the force transmission plate, and the upper end abuts against the anchor plate.

[0030] Preferably, the elastic cushioning component is a spring or elastic rubber.

[0031] The prestressed reinforced body, acting as tension member 1, consists of prestressed reinforcement, i.e., anchor rods, which penetrate the reinforced enclosure and are anchored at both ends to anchor plates. Prestress is applied to the anchor rods to constrain the deformation of the filler. The force transmission adjustment module is fixed to the anchor ends of the anchor rods. Each response module transmits displacement and force to the anchor rods through the force transmission adjustment module, adjusting the prestress level of the anchor rods.

[0032] In some embodiments, the temperature response module 4 includes a bimetallic strip 7 and a fixing plate 8. The fixing plate 8 is fixedly disposed below the force transmission plate 3. The bimetallic strip 7 is formed by a first metal layer and a second metal layer fixedly stacked together. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the first metal layer is greater than that of the second metal layer. The non-deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip 7 is fixed to the fixing plate, and the deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip 7 abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0033] When the ambient temperature rises, the bimetallic strip 7 bends towards the low expansion layer side, the force transmission plate 3 moves downward, and the prestress decreases; when the ambient temperature decreases, the bimetallic strip 7 bends towards the high expansion layer side, the force transmission plate 3 moves upward, and the prestress increases.

[0034] In one implementation, the middle part of the bimetallic strip 7 is a non-deformable area, which is fixed by the fixing plate 8, while the two ends of the bimetallic strip 7 are deformable areas, and the two ends respectively abut against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0035] In another implementation, the edge of the bimetallic strip 7 is a non-deformable area, and the edge is fixed by the fixing plate 8. The middle part of the bimetallic strip 7 is a deformable area, and the middle part abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the fixing plate 8 is fixedly sleeved on the anchor rod, and at least one bimetallic strip 7 is provided on the fixing plate; When there is one bimetallic strip 7, the bimetallic strip 7 is a ring-shaped sheet structure. The inner edge of the bimetallic strip 7 is a non-deformable area and is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 8. The outer edge of the bimetallic strip 7 is a deformable area and abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3. The bimetallic strip 7 is sleeved on the anchor rod.

[0037] When there are multiple bimetallic strips 7, the multiple bimetallic strips 7 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the fixed plate 8. The inner end of each bimetallic strip 7 is a non-deformable area and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 8. The outer end of each bimetallic strip 7 is a deformable area and abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0038] Preferably, the first metal layer is made of brass or aluminum alloy, and the second metal layer is made of Invar alloy or low alloy steel.

[0039] The temperature response module 4 utilizes the characteristic that metal layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion bend and deform when the temperature changes, directly converting changes in ambient temperature into mechanical displacement. When the ambient temperature rises, the bimetallic strip 7 bends towards the low-expansion layer side, the force transmission plate 3 moves downward, and the prestress decreases, compensating for the increase in prestress caused by the thermal expansion of the anchor rod. When the ambient temperature decreases, the bimetallic strip 7 bends towards the high-expansion layer side, the force transmission plate 3 moves upward, and the prestress increases, compensating for the loss of prestress caused by the cold contraction of the anchor rod. The displacement is transmitted to the elastic buffer component via the force transmission plate 3, and then the elastic buffer component acts on the anchoring end of the anchor rod to adjust the prestress level of the anchor rod.

[0040] In some embodiments, the humidity response module 5 includes a humidity adjustment mechanism and a displacement transmission rod 10. The humidity adjustment mechanism is located below the force transmission plate 3 and is fixedly connected to the anchor rod via a bracket. One end of the displacement transmission rod 10 is connected to the humidity adjustment mechanism, and the other end passes through the force transmission hole 9 on the fixed plate 8 and abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0041] The humidity regulating mechanism includes an expansive soil chamber, a piston, and an expansive medium. The expansive soil chamber is filled with an expansive medium, which is configured to expand in volume when the humidity increases and contract in volume when the humidity decreases. The piston is located in the expansive soil chamber, and the upper end of the piston is connected to the displacement transmission rod 10.

[0042] Furthermore, a protective shell 11 is provided around the expansive soil chamber, and a moisture exchange hole 13 is provided on the side wall of the protective shell 11. External moisture enters and exits the expansive soil chamber through the moisture exchange hole 13 and exchanges moisture with the expansive medium.

[0043] In one implementation, the expansion medium is modified sodium-based bentonite, which is wrapped by geotextile 12 to allow water exchange while isolating soil particles from loss.

[0044] In another implementation, there are multiple humidity control mechanisms, which are evenly arranged around the circumference of the force transmission plate 3. The multiple humidity control mechanisms are connected to the support, and each humidity control mechanism abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3 through a corresponding displacement transmission rod 10.

[0045] The humidity response module 5 utilizes the expansion and contraction characteristics of the expansion medium to convert changes in the humidity of the packing material into mechanical displacement. When the humidity of the packing material increases, the expansion medium absorbs water and expands, pushing the piston and displacement transmission rod 10 upward. This upward movement is transmitted to the anchoring end of the anchor rod via the force transmission plate 3 and the elastic buffer component, increasing the prestress and compensating for the prestress loss caused by the softening of the packing material. When the humidity of the packing material decreases, the expansion medium loses water and contracts, causing the piston and displacement transmission rod 10 to move downward. This reduces the prestress and prevents overload of the anchor rod caused by hardening of the packing material and increased prestress.

[0046] In some embodiments, the load response module 6 includes a load buffer mechanism disposed below the force transmission plate 3. The sensing end of the load buffer mechanism is used to sense changes in external load, and the output end of the load buffer mechanism abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0047] The load buffer mechanism is a hydraulic bladder 21 filled with fluid medium. The sensing end and the output end are respectively set in the first area and the second area on the surface of the hydraulic bladder 21. The first area on the surface of the hydraulic bladder 21 is the sensing end, which is used to sense changes in external load. The second area on the surface of the hydraulic bladder 21 is the output end, which abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate 3.

[0048] When the sensing end is subjected to an external load, the fluid medium in the hydraulic bladder 21 transmits the pressure to the output end, and the output end generates an upward displacement to drive the force transmission plate 3 to move and adjust the prestress; when the external load is removed, the fluid medium rebounds and resets, and the output end drives the force transmission plate 3 to return to its original position, and the prestress is restored.

[0049] Furthermore, the hydraulic bladder 21 is disposed on top of the hydraulic bladder base 22, the hydraulic bladder base 22 is disposed on the lower wrapping body, the first region of the hydraulic bladder 21 is provided with an additional stress reaction plate 20, the upper wrapping body is pressed onto the additional stress reaction plate 20, and the external load is transmitted to the additional stress reaction plate 20 through the upper wrapping body, so that the hydraulic bladder 21 is compressed.

[0050] In one embodiment, the additional stress reaction plate 20 is a cavity with an open bottom. The additional stress reaction plate 20 is fastened to the hydraulic bladder base 22. The hydraulic bladder 21 is located between the additional stress reaction plate 20 and the hydraulic bladder base 22. The additional stress reaction plate 20 has an output area at the position corresponding to the second region. The lower end of the stress transmission rod is located in the output area.

[0051] Furthermore, an airbag 17 is provided in the output area, and an airbag piston 18 is provided at the bottom of the airbag 17. The airbag piston 18 is press-fitted to the output end of the hydraulic bladder 21. An airbag protection plate 16 is provided at the top of the airbag 17. The lower end of the stress transmission rod 15 abuts against the airbag protection plate 16. A piston rubber ring 19 is provided on the outer periphery of the airbag piston 18. The piston rubber ring 19 is used to achieve a seal between the airbag piston 18 and the output end of the hydraulic bladder 21 to prevent leakage of incompressible fluid.

[0052] When the external load increases, the upper enclosure transfers additional stress to the additional stress reaction plate 20. The additional stress reaction plate 20 compresses the hydraulic bladder 21. The incompressible fluid in the hydraulic bladder 21 pushes the air bladder piston 18 through the output end to compress the air bladder 17. The pressure in the air bladder 17 increases instantaneously, pushing the stress transmission rod 15 upward, causing the prestress to increase instantaneously. When the external load is removed, the gas in the air bladder 17 rebounds, pushing the stress transmission rod 15 downward, and the prestress is restored.

[0053] Preferably, the incompressible fluid filled in the hydraulic bladder 21 is silicone oil or an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol. The pre-inflation pressure of the air bladder 17 matches the design prestress.

[0054] The load response module 6 utilizes the hydraulic-pneumatic buffering principle to convert changes in external load into dynamic adjustment of prestress. Under static load conditions, the pressure inside the airbag 17 is equal to the design prestress, and the system remains balanced. When the external load increases, the additional stress of the upper enclosure is transmitted to the hydraulic bladder 21 through the additional stress reaction plate 20. The hydraulic bladder 21 is compressed, and the incompressible fluid inside pushes the airbag piston 18 to compress the airbag 17. The pressure inside the airbag 17 increases instantaneously, pushing the stress transmission rod 15 upward. This stress is then transmitted to the anchoring end of the anchor rod via the force transmission plate 3 and the elastic buffer component, causing the prestress to increase instantaneously to resist instantaneous deformation. When the external load is removed, the gas inside the airbag 17 rebounds, pushing the stress transmission rod 15 downward, and the prestress returns to the design value, avoiding residual deformation.

[0055] In some embodiments, the force transmission adjustment module, temperature response module 4, and humidity response module 5 are installed on the anchor bolt from top to bottom. The force transmission adjustment module, temperature response module 4, and humidity response module 5 are provided with protective sleeves 25 to prevent the filler from squeezing and damaging the mechanism.

[0056] Preferably, the upper and lower wrapping layers are the same, including filler 24 and geotextile 23 wrapped on the outside.

[0057] Temperature response module 4, humidity response module 5, and load response module 6 have different response time scales and work together as follows: When a vehicle passes through a momentary load change, only the load response module 6 works, achieving a dynamic response at the second to minute level; when the day-night temperature difference changes, the temperature response module 4 works, achieving hourly temperature compensation and adjustment; when seasonal changes cause changes in humidity, the three modules work together, with the humidity response module 5 taking the lead in long-term adjustment at the day to week level.

[0058] Correspondingly, this application also provides a construction method for the multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system, including the following steps: Step 1: Foundation pretreatment, remove surface fill, level the site, lay a sand cushion layer and compact it; Step 2: Laying the lower layer of wrapping body. Lay the lower layer of wrapping body geotextile, install the hydraulic bladder base of the load response module on the lower layer of wrapping body, set the hydraulic bladder on the hydraulic bladder base, and install the additional stress reaction plate in the first area of ​​the hydraulic bladder. Step 3: Install the humidity response module, temperature response module, and force transmission adjustment module on the anchor bolt in sequence; The humidity response module is installed by fixing the humidity adjustment mechanism to the bottom of the temperature response module via a bracket and anchor rod. The lower end of the displacement transmission rod is connected to the piston of the humidity adjustment mechanism, and the upper end passes through the force transmission hole on the fixed plate and abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate. Temperature response module installation: The fixing plate is sleeved on the anchor rod and fixed below the force transmission plate. A bimetallic strip is installed on the fixing plate, and the deformation area of ​​the bimetallic strip abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate. The force transmission adjustment module is assembled by sequentially installing the anchor plate, elastic buffer component and force transmission plate from top to bottom at the upper anchoring end of the anchor rod. The anchor plate is connected to the end of the anchor rod through a buckle. Step 4: Install protective sleeves. Install protective sleeves around the force transmission adjustment module, temperature response module, and humidity response module to prevent the packing from squeezing and damaging the modules. Step 5: Laying the upper layer of geotextile and filling it with filler. Lay the upper layer of geotextile and press it onto the additional stress reaction plate. Fill the geotextile with filler and compact it. Step 6: Initial application of prestress. Apply initial prestress to the anchor rod by adjusting the buckle at the end of the anchor rod. The designed prestress value is 20% to 25% of the ultimate strength of the anchor rod. Step 7: Adaptive system debugging, simulate temperature changes, humidity changes and load changes, verify that each response module is working normally and that the prestress adjustment range meets the design requirements.

[0059] Example 1 In a highway widening project, the multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system of this invention was used for foundation replacement. The reinforced body was arranged in three layers with a layer spacing of 0.6m, and the bottom layer was 0.3m from the ground.

[0060] The bimetallic strip of the temperature response module is made of a combination of brass and Invar alloy, with the brass layer having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 19 × 10⁻⁶. -6 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the Invar alloy layer is 1.5×10⁻⁶. -6 The thickness is 2mm on each side, totaling 4mm, with a temperature difference response sensitivity of approximately 0.15mm / ℃. The designed temperature compensation range is -20℃ to +60℃, corresponding to a prestress adjustment range of ±15%. The fixing plate is sleeved on the anchor rod. The bimetallic strip has a ring-shaped structure, with its inner edge fixedly connected to the fixing plate and its outer edge abutting against the bottom of the force transmission plate.

[0061] The expansion medium of the humidity response module is modified sodium-based bentonite, with a free expansion rate of not less than 400% and an expansion force of not less than 100 kPa. The expansion soil chamber has a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 200 mm, with a designed humidity compensation stroke of ±20 mm. The piston has a diameter of 80 mm, and the displacement transmission rod has a diameter of 20 mm, both made of stainless steel. A protective shell is installed around the expansion soil chamber, and moisture exchange holes are opened on the side walls of the protective shell. The expansion medium is wrapped with geotextile.

[0062] The hydraulic bladder of the load response module is made of nitrile rubber, 3mm thick, with a volume of 500mL, and uses silicone oil as the working medium. The air bladder is made of neoprene rubber, pre-filled with nitrogen at a pressure of 0.3MPa, and designed to operate within a pressure range of 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa. The air bladder piston has a diameter of 100mm and a stroke of ±15mm. The hydraulic bladder is mounted on a base, which is fixed to the lower enclosure. An additional stress reaction plate is located in the first region of the hydraulic bladder, and the upper enclosure is pressed against this additional stress reaction plate.

[0063] The construction steps are as follows: Remove the surface fill, level the site, lay a sand cushion layer and compact it. Lay the lower layer of geotextile wrapping, and install the hydraulic bladder base, hydraulic bladder, and additional stress reaction plate on the lower layer of wrapping. Insert the anchor rods through the wrapping, and anchor both ends of the anchor rods to the anchor plates. Install the humidity response module, temperature response module, and force transmission adjustment module sequentially from bottom to top. Lay the upper layer of geotextile wrapping, pressing it against the additional stress reaction plate, fill the wrapping with filler and compact it. Install protective sleeves around the force transmission adjustment module, temperature response module, and humidity response module. Apply initial prestress to the anchor rods by adjusting the buckles at the ends of the anchor rods; the designed prestress value is 20% to 25% of the ultimate strength of the anchor rods. Simulate temperature changes, humidity changes, and load changes to verify that each response module works normally and that the prestress adjustment range meets the design requirements.

[0064] Example 2 A soft soil slope in a coastal city, where the saturated soft clay has low shear strength, was reinforced using the multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced wrapping system of this invention. The slope reinforcement was arranged in a stepped manner, with one layer of reinforced wrapping installed every 2 meters in height, for a total of four layers.

[0065] To accommodate the drainage requirements of the slope, drainage holes with a diameter of 10mm and a spacing of 200mm are provided on the side wall of the protective shell of the humidity response module to prevent the expansion medium from becoming oversaturated.

[0066] The bimetallic strip of the temperature response module is made of a combination of aluminum alloy and low-alloy steel. The aluminum alloy layer is 3mm thick and the low-alloy steel layer is 2mm thick, making the overall design lighter and more suitable for the construction conditions of slope engineering. There are multiple bimetallic strips, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the fixing plate. The inner end of each bimetallic strip is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and the outer end abuts against the bottom of the force transmission plate.

[0067] The slope excavation adopts the skip-slot method, with each section being 20m long. Excavation and reinforcement are carried out in sections to avoid slope instability caused by large-scale excavation. During the laying of the reinforced geotextile wrapping, the upper layer of geotextile is wrapped back for at least 1.5m, forming an integral wrapping structure with the lower layer of geotextile.

[0068] Example 3 In a cold region, the roadbed experiences significant frost heave during winter, severely impacting traffic safety. This invention employs a multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement system to prevent frost heave.

[0069] For use in frigid environments, the temperature response module features a wide temperature range design, extending the compensation range to -40℃ to +50℃. The bimetallic strip utilizes an optimized combination of brass and Invar alloy, with the thickness ratio adjusted according to the compensation range.

[0070] The humidity response module is equipped with an antifreeze protection system, and an ethylene glycol aqueous solution circulation pipeline is installed outside the expansive soil chamber to prevent the expansive medium from freezing and failing.

[0071] The load response module is optimized for the dynamic load characteristics of railways. The hydraulic bladder uses low-pour-point silicone oil as the working medium, and the pre-inflation pressure of the air bladder is further increased to adapt to the instantaneous impact characteristics of train loads. During construction, after each module is installed, initial prestress is applied to the ends of the anchor bolts. The compensation effect of the temperature response module is verified by simulating a low-temperature environment, and the dynamic response performance of the load response module is verified by simulating train loads.

[0072] This invention discloses a multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement system, comprising a tension member, a force transmission plate, and temperature response, humidity response, and load response modules integrated into the prestressed reinforcement. The temperature response module employs a bimetallic strip structure to automatically adjust the prestress according to temperature changes; the humidity response module utilizes the expansion and contraction characteristics of expansive soil to respond to changes in filler humidity; and the load response module employs a hydraulic-pneumatic buffer mechanism to achieve dynamic response of the prestress. The three modules have different response time scales and work collaboratively to achieve multi-factor adaptive adjustment of the prestress. This invention solves the problems of fixed prestress and poor environmental adaptability in existing prestressed reinforcement technologies, and is suitable for projects such as soft soil foundation treatment, roadbed widening, and slope reinforcement, significantly improving the long-term stability and durability of reinforced structures.

[0073] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system, characterized in that, It includes a force transmission adjustment module, a temperature response module, a humidity response module, and a load response module; The force transmission adjustment module is fixed to the anchorage end of the prestressed stiffened body; The temperature response module includes a bimetallic sheet made of metal layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion. The bimetallic sheet is fixed to the lower part of the force transmission adjustment module. The deformation area of ​​the bimetallic sheet abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module. Changes in ambient temperature can cause the bimetallic sheet to produce different bending deformations. The prestress of the prestressed stiffener can be adjusted by the force transmission adjustment module. The humidity response module includes a humidity regulating mechanism and a displacement transmission rod disposed below the force transmission regulating module. The humidity regulating mechanism is filled with an expansion medium, and one end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the expansion medium and the other end abuts against the force transmission regulating module. The expansion medium is configured to expand in volume when the humidity increases and contract in volume when the humidity decreases. The load response module includes a load buffer mechanism located below the force transmission adjustment module. The load buffer mechanism has a sensing end that senses changes in external load and an output end that is connected to the force transmission adjustment module. When the external load increases, the load buffer mechanism transmits the load change to the force transmission adjustment module.

2. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force transmission adjustment module includes a force transmission plate and an elastic buffer component. The force transmission plate is positioned above the temperature response module, humidity response module, and load response module. One end of the elastic buffer component is connected to the top of the force transmission plate, and the other end of the elastic buffer component is connected to the anchoring end of the prestressed reinforcement.

3. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforcement encapsulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, An anchor plate is provided at the top of the elastic buffer component, and the anchor plate is connected to the end of the prestressed stiffener. The elastic buffer component is sleeved on the outside of the prestressed stiffener, or there are multiple elastic buffer components and they are evenly arranged along the circumference of the force transmission plate.

4. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature response module also includes a fixing plate, which is fixed below the force transmission adjustment module. The non-deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip is fixed by the fixing plate, and the deformable area of ​​the bimetallic strip abuts against the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module.

5. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first metal layer is made of brass or aluminum alloy, and the second metal layer is made of Invar alloy or low alloy steel.

6. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity regulating mechanism includes an expansive soil chamber and an expansive medium. The expansive soil chamber is filled with the expansive medium. One end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the expansive medium, and the other end of the displacement transmission rod abuts against the bottom of the force transmission regulating module.

7. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sidewalls of the expansive soil chamber are provided with moisture exchange holes; the expansive medium is modified sodium-based bentonite, and the expansive medium is wrapped with geotextile.

8. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load buffer mechanism is a hydraulic bladder filled with fluid medium. The sensing end and the output end are respectively set in the first area and the second area on the surface of the hydraulic bladder. The sensing end is used to sense changes in external load, and the output end is connected to the bottom of the force transmission adjustment module through a stress transmission rod.

9. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed stiffened body system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hydraulic bladder is positioned on top of the hydraulic bladder base, which is fixed to the lower wrapper. An additional stress reaction plate is provided in the first region of the hydraulic bladder, and the upper wrapper is pressed onto the additional stress reaction plate.

10. The multi-factor adaptive prestressed reinforced body system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The additional stress reaction plate is a cavity with an open bottom. The additional stress reaction plate is fastened to the hydraulic bladder base, and the hydraulic bladder is located between the additional stress reaction plate and the hydraulic bladder base. The additional stress reaction plate is provided with an output area corresponding to the second area of ​​the hydraulic bladder. An air bladder is provided in the output area. An air bladder piston is provided at the bottom of the air bladder. The air bladder piston is pressed into the output end of the hydraulic bladder, and the top of the air bladder abuts against the stress transmission rod.

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