An inverted roof and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to an inverted roof and a construction method thereof. The inverted roof comprises, from bottom to top, a slope layer, a waterproof layer, an insulation layer, an isolation layer, a protection layer and a surface layer. The slope layer and the structural plate are made of the same material and are formed by pouring at the same time, the slope is 3%, and the upper surface is polished and coated with a base treatment agent. The waterproof layer comprises a non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer and two layers of wet-paved waterproof coiled material. The insulation layer is an extruded polystyrene foam heat insulation plate. The isolation layer is dry-paved polyester non-woven fabric. The protection layer is a fine stone concrete layer, which is internally provided with a bidirectional welded steel mesh. The surface layer is a cement mortar surface layer. The present application also discloses a construction method of the inverted roof. The slope layer and the structural plate are integrally poured and formed, and the slope layer does not need to be separately arranged, thereby saving material and labor costs. The problem of water accumulation caused by the use of slag, ceramsite and other materials in the slope layer is avoided, and the risk of roof leakage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to an inverted roof and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] An inverted roof is a type of roof where the insulation layer is placed above the waterproof layer. Its structural layers, from bottom to top, are typically: structural layer → slope-forming layer → leveling layer → waterproof layer → insulation layer → protective layer. Compared to a traditional upright roof, an inverted roof, with the waterproof layer positioned below the insulation layer, effectively avoids damage to the waterproof layer from factors such as thermal stress and ultraviolet radiation, thus extending the service life of the waterproof layer.

[0003] However, existing inverted roof slope-finding layers typically use material-based slope-finding methods, commonly employing materials such as cement slag or ceramsite concrete. These materials have numerous internal gaps and high water absorption, leading to the following prominent problems during construction: First, if it rains after the slope-finding layer is completed but before the waterproof membrane is applied, a large amount of rainwater will accumulate inside the cement slag or ceramsite concrete. If this is not addressed, the slope-finding layer will lack strength, and subsequent waterproof membrane application will be prone to quality problems such as air bubbles. Addressing the water accumulation will require significant time and cost, increasing construction costs and impacting project progress.

[0004] Secondly, even if it does not rain during construction, the porous structure of the slope-finding layer material itself gives it a certain moisture content. After the waterproof layer is completed, the water in the slope-finding layer will remain between the roof and the waterproof layer. When the weather is hot, the water will vaporize, which can easily lead to problems such as hollowing of the waterproof layer.

[0005] Third, the existing inverted roof structure has many layers, requiring multiple layers such as slope-finding layer, leveling layer, and waterproofing layer to be set on top of the structural layer. There is an interface between every two construction layers, which increases the risk of water seepage. At the same time, the construction process is complicated, the cycle is long, the amount of materials used is large, and the construction cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an inverted roof and its construction method, which can simplify the roof structure layers, avoid the problem of water accumulation in the slope layer, and reduce the risk of water seepage.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An inverted roof, comprising, from bottom to top, the following: The slope-finding layer is made of the same material as the structural slab and is cast at the same time as the structural slab. The slope of the slope-finding layer is 3%. The upper surface of the slope-finding layer is polished and coated with a base treatment agent. A waterproof layer is laid on the upper surface of the slope-finding layer. The waterproof layer includes a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer and two layers of wet-laid waterproof membrane laid on top of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer. The insulation layer is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer, and the insulation layer is extruded polystyrene foam insulation board; An isolation layer is laid on the upper surface of the insulation layer, and the isolation layer is dry-laid polyester non-woven fabric. A protective layer is laid on the upper surface of the isolation layer. The protective layer is a fine stone concrete layer, and a bidirectional welded steel mesh is provided inside the fine stone concrete layer. The surface layer is laid on the upper surface of the protective layer and is a cement mortar surface layer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is 2mm, the wet-laid waterproof membrane is a polymer membrane-based Class E cross-laminated membrane, and the thickness of each layer of the wet-laid waterproof membrane is 1.5mm.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the insulation layer is 100mm.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the protective layer is 40mm, the protective layer is a C25 fine stone concrete layer, the fine stone concrete layer contains an additive accounting for 12% of the cement content, and the bidirectional welded steel mesh is a φ4@150 bidirectional welded steel mesh.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the surface layer is 20mm, and the surface layer is an M20 cement mortar surface layer.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective layer is provided with longitudinal and transverse dividing seams, the spacing between the dividing seams is 3m, the seam width is 20mm, the seam depth penetrates the protective layer, and the dividing seams of the surface layer are aligned with the dividing seams of the protective layer.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an expansion joint is provided at the junction of the protruding structure and the roof. The protruding structure includes a parapet wall, the exterior wall of the roof stairwell, and an expansion joint curb. The expansion joint is filled with polystyrene foam backing and the joint opening is filled with polyurethane sealant.

[0014] A construction method for an inverted roof includes the following steps: S1: Provide reinforced concrete roof panels and clean the surface of the roof panels; S2: Using the same material as the structural slab, the slope-finding layer and the structural slab are cast and formed at the same time. The slope is 3%. After the upper surface of the slope-finding layer is polished, a base treatment agent is applied once. S3: Apply a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the upper surface of the slope-finding layer; S4: Lay two layers of wet-laid waterproof membrane on the upper surface of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer; S5: An extruded polystyrene foam insulation board is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer as a thermal insulation layer; S6: Dry lay a polyester non-woven fabric layer on the upper surface of the insulation layer as an isolation layer; S7: A fine stone concrete layer is poured on the upper surface of the isolation layer as a protective layer. The fine stone concrete layer is equipped with a bidirectional welded steel mesh and the surface is polished. S8: Apply a cement mortar surface layer to the upper surface of the protective layer and smooth it.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, a non-woven fabric reinforcing layer is attached to the node.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, the roof area exceeds 30m². 2 At that time, longitudinal and transverse dividing seams are set on the protective layer, with a seam spacing of 3m, a seam width of 20mm, and a seam depth that penetrates the protective layer, so that the dividing seams of the subsequent surface layer are aligned with the dividing seams of the protective layer.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Simplified construction and cost savings. The slope-finding layer uses the same material as the structural slab and is cast simultaneously with the structural slab, eliminating the need for a separate slope-finding layer and its construction process, thus saving material and labor costs.

[0018] 2. Lightweight structure. Since there is no need for a separate slope layer, the self-weight of the roof structure is reduced, resulting in minimal impact on the overall building load.

[0019] 3. Simple structure and convenient construction. The roof structure has a streamlined layering, making it particularly suitable for roof construction with large spans or regular structures, resulting in high construction efficiency.

[0020] 4. Reduced risk of water seepage. The slope-finding layer and the structural layer are cast in one piece using the same material, reducing the interface between the slope-finding layer and the structural layer, thus fundamentally reducing the risk of interlayer water seepage.

[0021] 5. Prevent blistering and damage to the waterproof layer. Because the slope-forming layer uses the same dense material as the structural slab, rather than porous materials such as slag and ceramsite, there is no problem of water accumulation inside the slope-forming layer; the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating and wet-laid waterproof membrane are equivalent to being laid directly on the structural slab, avoiding problems such as blistering and damage to the waterproof membrane caused by water accumulation in the slope-forming layer, and greatly reducing the risk of roof leakage in the future.

[0022] 6. Reliable waterproofing performance. This invention adopts a composite waterproofing system of non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating + two layers of wet-laid waterproof membrane. The coating layer can achieve full adhesion with the slope layer, eliminating water seepage channels, and the membrane layer provides good mechanical strength, forming a double waterproof guarantee. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layers of the inverted roof of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of the inverted roof of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Roof panel; 2-Slope layer; 3-Non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer; 4-Wet-laid waterproof membrane; 5-Insulation layer; 6-Isolation layer; 7-Protective layer; 8-Surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other.

[0027] like Figure 1 The inverted roof of this embodiment includes the following structural layers arranged sequentially from bottom to top: Slope-finding layer 2: Slope-finding layer 2 is laid on top of reinforced concrete roof slab 1. Slope-finding layer 2 uses the same material as the structural slab (i.e., reinforced concrete) and is cast simultaneously with the structural slab. The slope is 3%. The upper surface of slope-finding layer 2 is polished and coated with a base treatment agent.

[0028] Waterproofing layer: The waterproofing layer is laid on the upper surface of the slope-finding layer 2. The waterproofing layer includes a 2mm thick non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer 3, and two 1.5mm thick wet-laid waterproof membrane rolls 4 laid on top of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer 3. The wet-laid waterproof membrane rolls 4 use a polymer film-based Class E cross-linked film (double-sided self-adhesive). A non-woven fabric reinforcement layer is applied inside at the joints.

[0029] Insulation layer 5: The insulation layer is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer. The insulation layer uses 100mm thick extruded polystyrene foam insulation board 5.

[0030] Insulation layer 6: Insulation layer 6 is laid on the upper surface of insulation layer 5. Insulation layer 6 is made of dry-laid polyester non-woven fabric.

[0031] Protective layer 7: Protective layer 7 is laid on the upper surface of isolation layer 6. Protective layer 7 is a 40mm thick C25 fine stone concrete layer, which contains additives accounting for 12% of the cement content. The surface is smoothed and reinforced with φ4@150 bidirectional welded steel mesh.

[0032] Roof area exceeding 30m 2 At that time, longitudinal and transverse dividing joints are set on the protective layer 7, with a joint spacing of 3m, a joint width of 20mm, and a joint depth penetrating the fine stone concrete protective layer 7. Expansion joints are set at the junctions of structures protruding from the roof, such as parapet walls, exterior walls of roof stairwells, and expansion joint curbs, with polystyrene foam backing embedded in the joints and polyurethane sealant filling the joint openings.

[0033] Surface layer 8: Surface layer 8 is laid on the upper surface of protective layer 7. Surface layer 8 is formed by smoothing with 20mm thick M20 cement mortar. The dividing joints of surface layer 8 are aligned with the dividing joints of protective layer 7.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the inverted roof construction method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: Provide reinforced concrete roof panel 1, and clean the surface of roof panel 1.

[0035] S2: Using the same material as the structural slab (reinforced concrete), the slope-finding layer 2 and the structural slab are cast simultaneously. The slope is 3%. After the surface of the slope-finding layer 2 is polished, a base treatment agent is applied.

[0036] S3: Apply a 2mm thick non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 3 to the upper surface of the slope-finding layer 2, and attach a non-woven fabric reinforcement layer at the joint.

[0037] S4: Apply two 1.5mm thick wet-laid waterproof membranes 4 to the upper surface of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer 3. The wet-laid waterproof membranes are made of polymer film-based E-class cross-laminated film (double-sided self-adhesive).

[0038] S5: Lay a 100mm thick extruded polystyrene foam insulation board on the upper surface of the waterproof layer as the insulation layer 5.

[0039] S6: A polyester nonwoven fabric layer is dry-laid on the upper surface of the insulation layer 5 as an isolation layer 6.

[0040] S7: A 40mm thick C25 fine aggregate concrete layer is poured on the upper surface of the isolation layer 6 as the protective layer 7. The fine aggregate concrete contains additives accounting for 12% of the cement content and is reinforced with φ4@150 bidirectional welded steel mesh. The surface is then smoothed. (Roof area exceeding 30m²) 2 At that time, longitudinal and transverse dividing seams are set on the protective layer 7, with a seam spacing of 3m, a seam width of 20mm, and a seam depth that penetrates the protective layer 7.

[0041] S8: Apply a 20mm thick M20 cement mortar surface layer 8 to the upper surface of the protective layer 7 and smooth it out. The dividing joints of the surface layer are aligned with the dividing joints of the protective layer 7.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inverted roof and its construction method utilize the same material as the roof structure slab for the slope-finding layer 2, which is cast simultaneously with the slab, eliminating the need for a separate slope-finding layer 2 and saving material and labor costs. The roof structure is lightweight, minimizing its impact on the overall building load. Its simple construction makes it particularly suitable for large-span or regular structures. Because the slope-finding layer 2 is integrally formed with the structure slab, the interlayer interface is reduced, lowering the risk of water seepage. The slope-finding layer 2 uses dense reinforced concrete instead of porous materials such as slag or ceramsite, preventing water accumulation. The non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 3 and the waterproof membrane are essentially laid directly on the structure slab, avoiding problems such as blistering and damage of the waterproof membrane later, significantly reducing the risk of roof leakage.

[0043] This invention is not limited to the above-described optional embodiments. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the guidance of this invention. However, regardless of any changes made in their shape or structure, any technical solution that falls within the scope of the claims of this invention shall be protected by this invention.

Claims

1. An inverted roof, characterized in that: Including settings from bottom to top: The slope-finding layer (2) is made of the same material as the structural plate and is cast at the same time as the structural plate. The slope of the slope-finding layer (2) is 3%. The upper surface of the slope-finding layer (2) is polished and coated with a base treatment agent. Waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is laid on the upper surface of the slope layer (2), the waterproof layer includes a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (3) and two wet-laid waterproof membranes (4) laid on the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (3). Insulation layer (5), the insulation layer (5) is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer, the insulation layer (5) is extruded polystyrene foam insulation board; An isolation layer (6) is laid on the upper surface of the insulation layer (5), and the isolation layer (6) is a dry-laid polyester non-woven fabric; The protective layer (7) is laid on the upper surface of the isolation layer (6). The protective layer (7) is a fine stone concrete layer, and the fine stone concrete layer is equipped with a bidirectional welded steel mesh. The surface layer (8) is laid on the upper surface of the protective layer (7), and the surface layer (8) is a cement mortar surface layer (8).

2. The inverted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (3) is 2mm, and the wet-laid waterproof membrane (4) is a polymer membrane-based E-type cross-laminated membrane, with each layer of the wet-laid waterproof membrane (4) having a thickness of 1.5mm.

3. The inverted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulation layer (5) is 100 mm.

4. An inverted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (7) has a thickness of 40 mm. The protective layer (7) is a C25 fine stone concrete layer. The fine stone concrete layer contains an additive accounting for 12% of the cement content. The bidirectional welded steel mesh is a φ4@150 bidirectional welded steel mesh.

5. An inverted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the surface layer (8) is 20mm, and the surface layer (8) is an M20 cement mortar surface layer (8).

6. An inverted roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (7) is provided with longitudinal and transverse dividing seams. The spacing between the dividing seams is 3m, the seam width is 20mm, and the seam depth penetrates the protective layer (7). The dividing seams of the surface layer (8) are aligned with the dividing seams of the protective layer (7).

7. An inverted roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: Expansion joints are provided at the junction of the structures protruding from the roof and the roof. The structures protruding from the roof include parapet walls, roof stairwell exterior walls, and expansion joint curbs. The expansion joints are filled with polystyrene foam backing and the joint openings are filled with polyurethane sealant.

8. A construction method for an inverted roof, used for constructing an inverted roof as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Provide reinforced concrete roof panel (1) and clean the surface of roof panel (1); S2: Using the same material as the structural slab, the slope-finding layer (2) and the structural slab are cast and formed at the same time. The slope is 3%. After the surface of the slope-finding layer (2) is polished, a base treatment agent is applied once. S3: Apply a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the upper surface of the slope-finding layer (2); S4: Two layers of wet-laid waterproof membrane (4) are laid on the upper surface of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (3). S5: An extruded polystyrene foam insulation board is laid on the upper surface of the waterproof layer as a thermal insulation layer (5). S6: Dry lay a polyester non-woven fabric layer on the upper surface of the insulation layer (5) as an isolation layer (6); S7: A fine stone concrete layer is poured on the upper surface of the isolation layer (6) as a protective layer (7). The fine stone concrete layer is equipped with a bidirectional welded steel mesh and the surface is polished. S8: Apply cement mortar surface layer (8) to the upper surface of the protective layer (7) and smooth it.

9. The construction method for an inverted roof according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, a non-woven fabric reinforcement layer is attached to the node.

10. The construction method for an inverted roof according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S7, when the roof area exceeds 30m2, longitudinal and transverse dividing joints are set on the protective layer (7). The spacing between the dividing joints is 3m, the joint width is 20mm, the joint depth penetrates the protective layer (7), and the dividing joints of the subsequent surface layer (8) are aligned with the dividing joints of the protective layer (7).

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