A basement intermediate floor structure formwork device and construction method

Abstract

A formwork device and construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab structure includes vertical columns, triangular support frames, hangers, and a formwork support system. The triangular support frames are installed on the vertical columns, the upper end of the hangers is connected to the triangular support frames and extends downwards, and the formwork support system is suspended from the lower end of the hangers. The hangers are equipped with an adjustment connection mechanism for adjusting the height of the formwork support system and lowering it as a whole. The formwork support load is transferred to the vertical columns via the hangers and triangular support frames. This floor slab structure formwork device significantly reduces the repeated installation and dismantling of the formwork support frames, saving construction time. Simultaneously, because the support frames can be lowered layer by layer during earthwork excavation, the floor slab concrete does not need to reach its design strength before excavation of the next layer, and the concrete can be cured simultaneously during excavation. This effectively shortens the overall construction period, reduces project costs, and minimizes the deformation impact on the surrounding environment, especially sensitive protection zones, thereby improving construction safety and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground engineering construction technology, specifically to a formwork device and construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab structure used in reverse construction. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly scarce land in large and medium-sized cities, promoting high-intensity composite development models for ultra-deep underground spaces in densely populated areas and achieving high-quality development of urban three-dimensional space has become an important trend. The construction of ultra-deep underground spaces in cities has a significant impact on the surrounding environment, especially in the protected areas around underground rail transit facilities, where the requirements for controlling environmental deformation are more stringent, and the reverse construction method is often used to control deformation.

[0003] In reverse construction, the intermediate floor slabs of basements often have large areas and multiple layers. However, current reverse construction methods often employ traditional floor-supported formwork scaffolding: for each floor slab, a new floor-supported scaffolding needs to be erected on the underlying structure, only to be dismantled after the floor is completed, repeating this process layer by layer. This method has the following drawbacks: First, the formwork scaffolding needs to be repeatedly installed and dismantled, resulting in a long construction period and difficulty in ensuring the project schedule; second, the large quantity of floor-supported scaffolding increases project costs; third, the repeated erection and dismantling of the scaffolding and its disturbance to the ground layer hinders deformation control of the surrounding environment; and fourth, the repeated operation of tall floor-supported scaffolding poses construction safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, the existing ground-mounted full-span formwork support frame technology used in the construction of intermediate floor slabs in basements using the reverse construction method has technical problems such as repeated erection and dismantling, long construction period, high cost, and adverse effects on environmental deformation control and construction safety, and urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a formwork device and construction method for the intermediate floor slab structure of a basement, aiming to solve the technical problems of repeated erection and dismantling of formwork support frames and long construction cycles in the existing reverse construction method for multi-story basement construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A formwork device for a basement intermediate floor slab structure, used for formwork support of the floor slab structure in the reverse construction method of basement, comprising:

[0008] Vertical columns;

[0009] A triangular support frame, which is installed on the vertical column;

[0010] A boom, the upper end of which is connected to the triangular support frame, the boom extending vertically downward;

[0011] A formwork support system, which is suspended from the lower end of the hanger, is used to support the formwork of the floor slab structure to be poured;

[0012] The boom is equipped with an adjustment and connection mechanism for adjusting the vertical height of the template support system and enabling the template support system to be lowered as a whole.

[0013] The load borne by the template support system is transferred to the vertical column through the hanger and the triangular support frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the triangular support frame is installed on the vertical column via an annular steel plate, the annular steel plate is sleeved and fixed to the outer periphery of the vertical column, and the triangular support frame is supported on the annular steel plate.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple suspension rods are arranged along the circumference of the vertical column, and the multiple suspension rods are distributed in different directions of the vertical column.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjusting connection mechanism includes an upper fixing nut disposed on the upper part of the rod and a lower fixing bolt disposed on the lower part of the rod, the lower fixing bolt being used to adjust the height of the template support system.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjusting connection mechanism also includes a hanger connector, which is used to connect and extend the hanger to lower the entire formwork support system to the construction height of the next floor slab structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the hanger rod is inserted into a pre-reserved sleeve within the floor slab structure, and the pre-reserved sleeve penetrates the floor slab structure vertically.

[0019] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame and the upper surface of the floor slab structure to be constructed below is not less than 500mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the vertical column is a load-bearing column installed within the basement area, and multiple triangular support frames are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the vertical column.

[0021] A construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab formwork device, using the floor slab formwork device as described above, includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Install the triangular support frame on the vertical column;

[0023] S2. Install the hanger and the adjusting connection mechanism on the triangular support frame, and adjust the height through the adjusting connection mechanism to meet the installation height requirements of the template support system;

[0024] S3. Install the template support system and template, tie the reinforcing bars and pour the concrete for the floor slab structure of this floor.

[0025] S4. After the concrete of this floor slab structure reaches the strength requirements of the foundation pit support structure, the lower earthwork excavation will be carried out.

[0026] S5. When the excavation of the lower earthwork meets the construction requirements of the next floor slab structure, the lifting rod is extended by the adjustment and connection mechanism, and the formwork support system is lowered as a whole to the construction height of the next floor slab structure to carry out the construction of the next floor slab structure.

[0027] S6. Repeat steps S4 to S5 to carry out the floor slab structure construction layer by layer until the last floor slab structure is completed, and then remove the floor slab structure formwork device.

[0028] Furthermore, prior to step S1, the vertical columns are constructed within the basement area, and the top floor slab structure is constructed; in step S1, the vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame and the upper surface of the floor slab structure to be constructed below is not less than 500mm;

[0029] Preferably, in step S3, a pre-embedded sleeve is pre-installed in the floor slab structure at the position corresponding to the hanger rod, so that the hanger rod passes through the pre-embedded sleeve.

[0030] This application proposes a formwork device and construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab structure. It employs a suspended formwork support frame, which achieves overall lowering and reuse through extended suspension rods, reducing repeated installation and dismantling of the support frame and saving time. Simultaneously, the lower layer of earthwork can be excavated once the floor slab concrete reaches the foundation pit support strength, and the concrete can continue to cure during the excavation stage, further shortening the construction period. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a ground-mounted full-span support frame, reducing the amount of support frame used and repeated erection and dismantling operations, lowering project costs, and minimizing disturbance to the ground, which is beneficial for controlling deformation of the surrounding environment and ensuring construction safety. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the formwork device for the intermediate floor slab structure of the basement in this application at the vertical columns;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the formwork device for the floor slab structure of this application during the construction of the basement (B1) floor slab structure;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the construction of the floor slab structure formwork device of this application, where the suspension rods are extended by the suspension rod connector and lowered as a whole during the construction of the floor slab structure on the second basement level (B2) and below.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Vertical column; 2. B0 floor slab structure; 3. Triangular support frame; 4. Ring steel plate; 5. Hanger rod; 6. Upper fixing nut; 7. Reserved sleeve; 8. B1 floor slab structure; 9. Lower fixing bolt; 10. Formwork support system; 11. Hanger rod connector; 12. B2 floor slab structure. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "vertical," and "circumferential" used herein, indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the B0, B1, and B2 floor slab structures in this document are only used to distinguish different floor slab structures from top to bottom in the reverse construction method, where B0 floor slab structure 2 is the floor slab structure relative to the upper floor, and B1 floor slab structure 8 and B2 floor slab structure 12 are the floor slab structures located sequentially below it, and do not constitute a limitation on the number of floor slab structure layers.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a formwork device for the intermediate floor slab structure of a basement, used for formwork support of the floor slab structure in the reverse construction method of the basement, including vertical columns 1, triangular support frames 3, hanging rods 5 and formwork support system 10.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, vertical column 1 is a load-bearing column installed within the basement area, serving as the main load-bearing component of this device. Multiple vertical columns 1 can be arranged at intervals along the basement plane.

[0039] In this embodiment, the triangular support frame 3 is installed on the vertical column 1, and is mounted on the vertical column 1 via an annular steel plate 4. The annular steel plate 4 is sleeved and fixed to the outer periphery of the vertical column 1. The triangular support frame 3 is supported on the annular steel plate 4, thereby reliably transferring the load borne by the triangular support frame 3 to the vertical column 1. Figure 1 As shown, multiple triangular support frames 3 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the vertical column 1, distributed in different directions of the vertical column 1, so as to evenly support the surrounding template support system 10.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the upper end of the hanger 5 is connected to the triangular support frame 3 and extends vertically downward. Multiple hangers 5 are arranged along the circumference of the vertical column 1, and the multiple hangers 5 are distributed in different directions of the vertical column 1 and installed on the triangular support frames 3 in different directions.

[0041] The formwork support system 10 is suspended from the lower end of the hanger 5 and is used to support the formwork of the floor slab structure to be poured. In this way, the load of the formwork support system 10 and the formwork, steel bars and concrete on it is transferred to the triangular support frame 3 through the hanger 5, and then transferred from the triangular support frame 3 to the vertical column 1 through the ring steel plate 4, without the need to erect a full-span support frame on the ground on the lower structure.

[0042] The suspension rod 5 is equipped with an adjustment connection mechanism for adjusting the vertical height of the formwork support system 10 and enabling the formwork support system 10 to be lowered as a whole. In this embodiment, the adjustment connection mechanism includes an upper fixing nut 6 located on the upper part of the suspension rod 5 and a lower fixing bolt 9 located on the lower part of the suspension rod 5. The upper fixing nut 6 locks the upper end of the suspension rod 5 onto the triangular support frame 3, serving as the force-bearing fulcrum of the entire suspension system; the lower fixing bolt 9 is screwed onto the lower end of the suspension rod 5, and its screwing depth can be finely adjusted by turning the bolt, thereby changing its support height for the formwork support system 10, so that the formwork support system 10 can be accurately positioned at the design elevation of the floor slab structure to be constructed.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the adjusting connection mechanism also includes a hanger connector 11, which is used to connect and extend the hanger 5. When it is necessary to lower the entire formwork support system 10 to the construction height of the next floor slab structure, the hanger 5 is extended by the hanger connector 11, so that the entire formwork support system 10 suspended at the lower end of the hanger 5 is lowered to the construction height of the next floor slab structure, thereby realizing the recycling of the entire support system.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the hanger 5 passes through a pre-installed sleeve 7 within the floor slab structure, with the sleeve 7 vertically penetrating the floor slab structure (such as floor slab structure 8 in B1 and floor slab structure 12 in B2). This allows the hanger 5 to descend through the already poured floor slab structure, facilitating the suspension of the lower formwork support system and the overall lowering of the entire system. During floor slab construction, the pre-installed sleeve 7 is simply embedded at the corresponding hanger 5 location.

[0045] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame 3 and the upper surface of the floor slab structure to be constructed below is not less than 500mm, so as to ensure the installation space for the formwork support system 10, formwork, and reinforcing bars.

[0046] This application also proposes a construction method for the above-mentioned floor slab structure formwork device, taking the construction of a multi-story floor slab structure of a basement from top to bottom using the reverse construction method as an example, including the following steps.

[0047] First, construct vertical columns 1 within the basement area, and then construct the B0 floor slab structure 2 relative to the upper level.

[0048] S1. Install the triangular support frame 3 on the vertical column 1. Specifically, first install the ring steel plate 4 on the vertical column 1, and then support and fix the triangular support frame 3 on the ring steel plate 4; the vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame 3 and the upper surface of the B1 floor slab structure 8 to be constructed below is not less than 500mm. This distance is used to ensure the installation and operation space of the formwork support system and the formwork and reinforcing bars above it.

[0049] S2. Install hangers 5 and adjustment connecting mechanisms on the triangular support frames 3 in different directions. The adjustment connecting mechanism includes an upper fixing nut 6 and a lower fixing bolt 9, and coordinates with the reserved sleeve 7 to arrange the crossing position of the hangers 5. Adjust the height by the lower fixing bolt 9 until the installation height requirements of the template support system 10 are met.

[0050] S3. Install the formwork support system 10 and the formwork, tie and install the reinforcing bars, and pour the concrete for the B1 floor slab structure 8. Specifically, a pre-embedded sleeve 7 is placed within the B1 floor slab structure 8 at the position corresponding to the hanger 5, allowing the hanger 5 to pass through the pre-embedded sleeve 7.

[0051] S4. After the concrete strength of floor slab structure 8 in B1 reaches the strength requirements of the foundation pit support structure, the lower earthwork excavation will proceed. It should be noted that the concrete does not need to fully reach its design strength at this time; it can continue to cure and increase its strength during the subsequent earthwork excavation stage.

[0052] S5. When the excavation of the lower earthwork meets the construction requirements of the B2 floor slab structure 12, the entire formwork support system 10 is lowered: the formwork support system 10 suspended from the lower end of the formwork slab 5 is connected and extended by the hanger connector 11, and the entire formwork support system 10 is lowered to the required height of the B2 floor slab structure 12 for construction of the B2 floor slab structure 12.

[0053] S6. Repeat the above steps to construct the lower floor slab structure until the last floor slab structure of the basement is completed; finally, dismantle all the formwork devices of the floor slab structure.

[0054] Using the above construction method, the formwork support system 10 does not need to be repeatedly erected and dismantled layer by layer. It can be lowered and reused as a whole simply by extending the hanger 5. Moreover, the lower soil can be excavated after the concrete of each floor slab reaches the strength requirements of the foundation pit support. This significantly saves construction time, reduces costs, and is beneficial to environmental deformation control and construction safety.

[0055] This application proposes a formwork device and construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab structure. The formwork support frame, suspended from vertical columns, is used for floor slab construction. Since the formwork support load is directly transferred to the vertical columns via the hangers and triangular supports, there is no need to erect a ground-mounted full-span support frame on the lower structure. This reduces the need for repeated installation and dismantling of the formwork support frame. The entire support system can be lowered as a whole and reused by extending the hangers, thus saving time and shortening the construction period. Simultaneously, the load borne by this formwork support system is transferred to the vertical columns via the hangers and triangular supports. When the floor slab concrete reaches the required strength for the foundation pit support, the lower level of earthwork excavation can begin. Furthermore, the concrete can continue to be cured during the earthwork excavation stage to increase its strength, further saving construction time. This application also eliminates the need for a ground-mounted full-span support frame, reducing the amount of support frame used and the repeated erection and dismantling operations, lowering project costs, and minimizing disturbance to the ground, which is beneficial for controlling deformation of the surrounding environment and improving construction safety.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A formwork device for a basement intermediate floor slab structure, used for formwork support of the floor slab structure in the reverse construction method of basement, characterized in that... include: Vertical columns; A triangular support frame, which is installed on the vertical column; A boom, the upper end of which is connected to the triangular support frame, the boom extending vertically downward; A formwork support system, which is suspended from the lower end of the hanger, is used to support the formwork of the floor slab structure to be poured; The boom is equipped with an adjustment and connection mechanism for adjusting the vertical height of the template support system and enabling the template support system to be lowered as a whole. The load borne by the template support system is transferred to the vertical column through the hanger and the triangular support frame.

2. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triangular support frame is installed on the vertical column via a ring-shaped steel plate. The ring-shaped steel plate is sleeved and fixed to the outer periphery of the vertical column, and the triangular support frame is supported on the ring-shaped steel plate.

3. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple suspension rods are arranged along the circumference of the vertical column, and the multiple suspension rods are distributed in different directions of the vertical column.

4. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting connection mechanism includes an upper fixing nut disposed on the upper part of the hanger rod and a lower fixing bolt disposed on the lower part of the hanger rod. The lower fixing bolt is used to adjust the height of the template support system.

5. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment and connection mechanism also includes a hanger connector, which is used to connect and extend the hanger to lower the entire formwork support system to the construction height of the next floor slab structure.

6. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hanger rod is inserted into a pre-reserved sleeve within the floor slab structure, and the pre-reserved sleeve penetrates the floor slab structure vertically.

7. The floor slab structure formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame and the upper surface of the floor slab structure to be constructed below shall not be less than 500mm.

8. The floor slab structure formwork device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The vertical column is a load-bearing column installed within the basement area, and multiple triangular support frames are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the vertical column.

9. A construction method for a basement intermediate floor slab structure formwork device, wherein the method employs the floor slab structure formwork device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the triangular support frame on the vertical column; S2. Install the hanger and the adjusting connection mechanism on the triangular support frame, and adjust the height through the adjusting connection mechanism to meet the installation height requirements of the template support system; S3. Install the template support system and template, tie the reinforcing bars and pour the concrete for the floor slab structure of this floor. S4. After the concrete of this floor slab structure reaches the strength requirements of the foundation pit support structure, the lower earthwork excavation will be carried out. S5. When the excavation of the lower earthwork meets the construction requirements of the next floor slab structure, the lifting rod is extended by the adjustment and connection mechanism, and the formwork support system is lowered as a whole to the construction height of the next floor slab structure to carry out the construction of the next floor slab structure. S6. Repeat steps S4 to S5 to carry out the floor slab structure construction layer by layer until the last floor slab structure is completed, and then remove the floor slab structure formwork device.

10. The construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Before step S1, the vertical columns are constructed within the basement area, and the top floor slab structure is constructed; in step S1, the vertical distance between the bottom of the triangular support frame and the upper surface of the floor slab structure to be constructed below is not less than 500mm. Preferably, in step S3, a pre-embedded sleeve is pre-installed in the floor slab structure at the position corresponding to the hanger rod, so that the hanger rod passes through the pre-embedded sleeve.

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