A borehole cleaning device and method of operation

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of borehole cleaning device and working method, it is related to the field of drilling operation, in view of the poor effect of existing tunnel and underground engineering borehole cleaning operation causes the problem of security risk, the present application is closed by setting the sealing member that can be closed by sticking hole wall, it is isolated on physical level the space in hole and external operating environment;On this basis, the air inlet structure at the front end of the operating rod is used to spray gas into the hole to disturb the sludge water accumulated in the hole, and the suction structure is used for synchronous pumping, so as to build an orderly directional flow field in the closed borehole, relying on the air flow disturbance and fluid pumping operation in the closed space, the dust and sewage that are originally easy to diffuse disorderly are converted into controlled directional flow, and then the concentrated collection and discharge of sludge and sewage are realized, which can effectively inhibit the dust overflow and sewage overflow phenomenon in the process of hole cleaning, improve the construction site environment and reduce the safety risk of personnel slipping or ground softening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling operations, and more specifically to a drilling and cleaning device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in tunnel and underground engineering blasting construction, post-drilling borehole cleaning is a crucial step in ensuring borehole quality. Existing cleaning techniques mostly employ high-pressure air blowing, which, while simple to operate, easily leads to dust pollution, severely contaminating the working environment, endangering the health of construction workers, and exacerbating borehole wall blockage, thus affecting borehole quality. Furthermore, the process lacks real-time perception and judgment of the ratio of slag and water, the morphology of silt accumulation, and the degree of cleanliness within the borehole, easily resulting in incomplete cleaning or energy waste.

[0003] Although some hole cleaning devices use mechanical suction or physical filtration, their designs are mostly single-function or simply stacked. The drainage and slag removal process lacks directional guidance, and the discharged sewage overflows onto the work surface, deteriorating the construction environment, posing a slippery safety hazard, and may soften the foundation, leading to safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a drilling and cleaning device and a working method to achieve coordinated operation of hole cleaning and directional slag removal, thereby improving hole quality and work efficiency.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a drilling and cleaning device, which employs the following solution: Operating rod; The sealing component is set on the working rod in an openable manner. When the sealing component is in the open state, it fits against the hole wall to seal the borehole opening. The air intake structure includes an air jet channel located at the front end of the working rod and an air supply pipe connecting the air jet channel, wherein the opening of the air jet channel is connected to the external space of the working rod. The suction structure includes a fluid suction channel located at the front end of the working rod and a suction pipe communicating with the fluid suction channel, wherein the opening of the fluid suction channel communicates with the external space of the working rod. The intake structure and the suction structure work together to form a directional flow field within the borehole sealed by the sealing component.

[0006] Furthermore, the sealing component includes a tensionable sealing ring, which is connected to a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the tensionable sealing ring to open to fit against the hole wall or close to disengage from the hole wall.

[0007] Furthermore, the working rod has a working head at its front end, and the openings of the airflow injection channel and the fluid suction channel are located on the working head and are distributed at intervals.

[0008] Furthermore, the opening of the airflow injection channel forms multiple vortex nozzles, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the working head, and the injection axis of each vortex nozzle is arranged at an inclined angle relative to the axis of the working rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the suction structure also includes a pneumatic diaphragm pump, which is connected to the fluid suction channel via a suction pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a controller and a sensing module. The sensing module includes a water level sensor and a turbidity sensor, which are integrated at the front end of the working rod and connected to the controller respectively. The controller is used to control the opening and closing action of the sealing component, the spraying action of the air intake structure, and the suction action of the suction structure.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a camera and a light source integrated at the front end of the work pole, which are connected to the controller to transmit image data and provide lighting, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a filtration system, which includes a removable filter and a pressure sensor. The filtration system is connected to a suction pipe to filter the impurity-laden fluid discharged from the suction structure. The pressure sensor detects the pressure difference across the removable filter and sends it to the controller.

[0013] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a drilling and cleaning apparatus, comprising the following: To obtain the depth of water accumulation and turbidity in the borehole, and to identify the working conditions inside the borehole; Control the sealing components to seal the borehole opening, and control the working status of the air intake structure and the suction structure based on the working conditions; The high-pressure gas source outputs high-pressure gas to the airflow injection channel through the gas supply pipeline, and discharges into the borehole through the opening of the airflow injection channel to flush the borehole. The airflow mixes with impurities in the borehole and is discharged to the outside of the borehole through the suction structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the identification of the working conditions inside the borehole includes: identifying the working condition state inside the borehole as a first state, a second state, or a third state; wherein, the first state corresponds to high water level and high turbidity, the second state corresponds to medium-low water level and medium-low turbidity, and the third state corresponds to low water level and low turbidity. Based on the operating conditions, the operating states of the intake and suction structures are controlled as follows: for the first state, a combination of first power suction and intermittent first pressure pulse purging is matched; for the second state, a combination of second power suction and second pressure pulse purging is matched; for the third state, a combination of third power suction and third pressure pulse purging is matched, wherein the first power is greater than the second power and the third power, and the first pressure is greater than the second pressure and the third pressure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the safety hazards caused by poor borehole cleaning efficiency in existing tunnel and underground engineering operations, this invention employs a closable sealing component that adheres to the borehole wall to seal the borehole opening, physically isolating the borehole space from the external working environment. Furthermore, an air intake structure at the front end of the working rod injects airflow into the borehole to disturb the accumulated slag and water, while a suction structure simultaneously extracts the fluid. This creates an ordered directional flow field within the sealed borehole. By utilizing the airflow disturbance and fluid suction within the enclosed space, the previously easily dispersed dust and wastewater are transformed into a controlled, directional flow, enabling the centralized collection and discharge of slag and wastewater. This not only effectively suppresses dust overflow and wastewater spillage during the cleaning process, improving the on-site construction environment and reducing safety risks such as personnel slipping or ground softening, but also provides continuous suction power from the directional flow field, facilitating smoother removal and discharge of residual slag and blockages from the borehole. Ultimately, this significantly improves the cleanliness of the borehole, the quality of the borehole formation, and the overall operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling and cleaning device in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working rod in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working head of the working rod in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the working rod in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration system in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable filter screen of the filtration system in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the display screen in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0024] The components include: 1. Operating rod; 2. Filtration system; 3. Controller; 11. Water level sensor; 12. Turbidity sensor; 13. Camera; 14. Vortex nozzle; 15. Suction port; 16. Openable sealing ring; 17. Sliding sealing ring; 18. Drive mechanism; 19. Wire; 21. Housing; 22. Inlet of the filter chamber; 23. Replaceable filter screen; 24. Power interface; 25. Casters; 26. Drain pipe; 231. Disassembly handle; 232. Filter screen; 31. Operation buttons; 32. Display screen; 33. Buzzer; 34. Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, a drilling and cleaning device is presented.

[0026] Currently, during borehole cleaning, the drainage and slag removal process lacks directional guidance, causing the airflow output by purging to carry mud and sewage out of the borehole opening. The discharged sewage overflows onto the working face around the borehole opening, causing a deterioration of the construction environment and making it difficult to meet the current requirements for borehole cleaning in drilling and blasting.

[0027] Based on this, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a drilling and cleaning device, mainly including a working rod 1, a sealing component, an air intake structure, and a suction structure. The sealing component is detachably mounted on the working rod 1, and in the open state, it adheres to the borehole wall to seal the borehole opening. The air intake structure includes an airflow injection channel located at the front end of the working rod 1 and an air supply pipe communicating with the airflow injection channel. The opening of the airflow injection channel communicates with the external space of the working rod 1. The suction structure includes a fluid suction channel located at the front end of the working rod 1 and a suction pipe communicating with the fluid suction channel. The opening of the fluid suction channel communicates with the external space of the working rod 1. The air intake structure and the suction structure work together to form a directional flow field within the borehole sealed by the sealing component.

[0028] In this embodiment, the working rod 1 is the main support structure, adopting a telescopic hollow rod structure, which includes a fixed outer sleeve and an axially telescopic inner rod to adapt to borehole operations of different depths. During axial extension and retraction, the operation of the sealing components, air intake structure, and suction structure is not affected. A sliding sealing ring 17 is provided at the relative sliding position between the fixed outer sleeve and the inner rod. Specifically, the air supply pipe and the suction pipe can be installed inside the fixed outer sleeve. The airflow injection channel outlet and the fluid suction channel outlet are respectively located on the inner rod. When the fixed outer sleeve and the inner rod extend and retract relative to each other, the corresponding air supply pipe and suction pipe straighten or bend, thereby adapting to the relative position change of the two and ensuring the working state of the airflow injection channel outlet and the fluid suction channel outlet.

[0029] The relative extension and retraction between the fixed outer sleeve and the inner rod can be achieved by an electric push rod or a lead screw slider mechanism in conjunction with a stepper motor. The power mechanism that drives the extension and retraction of the working rod 1 is connected to the controller 3. The extension and retraction action is adjusted by the control commands of the controller 3. The controller 3 can be a PLC with corresponding configuration operations and buttons. External commands are obtained by operating button 31, processed by the controller 3, and sent to the power mechanism. At the same time, a stroke sensor or encoder is set between the fixed outer sleeve and the inner rod to provide real-time feedback on the extension length of the working rod 1, thereby achieving precise control of the working depth.

[0030] The sealing component employs a tensionable sealing ring 16, which is fitted onto the outside of the working rod 1 and can move on the working rod 1 to adjust its position. It is understood that the tensionable sealing ring 16 can be a rubber ring, its outer diameter adjusted by sliding on the tapered section of the working rod 1. The change in outer diameter achieves the contact or separation between the outer peripheral wall and the borehole. Of course, it is not limited to a rubber ring; in other embodiments, it can also be an inflatable sealing airbag or a mechanically expandable sealing ring. When a mechanically expandable sealing ring is used, a corresponding drive mechanism can be configured, such as a linkage and push rod mechanism that performs the expanding or contracting action, as long as it can achieve the function of contacting the borehole wall and sealing the borehole opening. In the open state, the sealing component contacts the borehole wall to seal the borehole opening, thereby creating a relatively closed working space within the borehole.

[0031] Specifically, when the sealing component uses a tensionable rubber ring, it can also be connected to a drive mechanism 18. The drive mechanism 18 drives the tensionable rubber ring to open to fit against the borehole wall or close. The tensionable rubber ring can be made of rubber material with high elasticity and wear resistance. Its initial state is closed and contracted, with an outer diameter smaller than the borehole diameter, facilitating the smooth insertion of the working rod 1. The drive mechanism 18 is an electric push rod or a pneumatically driven cylinder, located inside the working rod 1. When the working rod 1 is inserted to a predetermined depth, the controller 3 controls the drive mechanism 18 to move, pushing the tensionable rubber ring to expand radially outward until its outer circumference tightly fits against the inner wall of the borehole.

[0032] The drive mechanism 18 is not limited to the above-described form. In other embodiments, a mechanical opening mechanism or an inflation mechanism can also be used to achieve the sealing function. The design of the expandable structure allows the same specification device to adapt to boreholes of different diameters within a certain range, solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional fixed-size seals. Simultaneously, the flexible fit between the rubber ring and the borehole wall effectively fills the gaps caused by unevenness in the borehole wall, ensuring the reliability of the seal and providing the necessary conditions for the formation of a stable positive and negative pressure flow field inside the borehole, preventing dust and wastewater from overflowing from the borehole opening during the cleaning process. The drive mechanism 18 is connected to a power source via a wire 19.

[0033] The working rod 1 has a working head at its front end. The openings of the airflow injection channel and the fluid suction channel are located on the working head and are spaced apart. When the working rod 1 is inserted into the borehole, the opening of the airflow injection channel faces into the borehole to inject high-pressure airflow into the borehole to disturb the rock powder on the borehole wall. In this embodiment, the air intake structure is preferably a vortex nozzle 14, evenly distributed along the circumference of the working head. The injection axis of each vortex nozzle 14 is arranged at an inclined angle relative to the axis of the working rod 1.

[0034] The suction structure is also located at the front end of the working rod 1. It has a fluid suction channel. When the working rod 1 is inserted into the borehole, the opening of the fluid suction channel faces into the borehole to extract the slag-water mixture from the borehole.

[0035] In this embodiment, the suction structure also includes a pneumatic diaphragm pump, which is connected to a fluid suction channel via a suction pipe. The opening of the fluid suction channel is the suction port 15. The air intake structure and the suction structure are spatially coordinated, allowing the turbine airflow output by the air intake structure to disturb the dust, water, and mud inside the borehole. The suction structure can capture the disturbed dust, water, mud, and other impurities through a negative pressure environment and discharge them outside the borehole.

[0036] Understandably, in order to prevent the airflow output from the intake structure from failing to disturb the impurities in the borehole and being attracted and diverted by the negative pressure environment of the suction structure, thus affecting the slag removal effect, the vortex nozzle 14 of the intake structure and the suction port 15 of the suction structure can be staggered. This allows the disturbed airflow input from the vortex nozzle 14 of the intake structure to be fully disturbed before being discharged through the suction port 15.

[0037] Specifically, the vortex nozzles 14 are arranged around the front end of the working rod 1, while the suction holes are located at the center or eccentric position of the front end of the working rod 1, so that the vortex generated by the air intake structure can fully act on the hole wall and the bottom of the hole, while the suction structure is located in the central area of ​​the vortex field, which can better capture the suspended slag and water.

[0038] In addition, the vortex nozzles are located on the outer periphery of the working head at the front end of the working rod 1 and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The injection axis of each vortex nozzle is arranged at a certain angle relative to the axis of the working rod 1 and has a component along the tangential direction of the hole wall. This causes the compressed air to not only generate axial airflow after being ejected, but also to form a significant circumferential rotating flow inside the hole, thereby improving the disturbance effect and enhancing the slag removal effect.

[0039] Specifically, the injection axis of each vortex nozzle 14 is arranged at an inclined angle relative to the axis of the working rod 1. The inclined angle can be set between 30° and 60°, for example, 45°, to achieve a better balance between axial purging force and circumferential swirling intensity. When the high-pressure airflow is ejected from these uniformly distributed vortex nozzles 14, multiple airflows converge within the nozzles, forming a high-speed rotating airflow field driven by the tangential component. The circumferential rotating airflow can apply a uniform and strong shear force to the nozzle wall, effectively stripping away rock powder adhering to the nozzle wall and agitating and suspending the sediment deposited at the bottom of the nozzle, making it easier to be extracted with the fluid. The air intake structure is not limited to the form of vortex nozzle 14. In other embodiments, tangential grooves, spiral channels, or other structures that can generate a swirling effect can also be used, as long as an airflow with a tangential component can be formed.

[0040] As a positive displacement pump, the pneumatic diaphragm pump works by using compressed air to drive the diaphragm within the pump body to reciprocate. It is mounted on the filtration system 2 and has a power interface 24 for connecting to a power source. When the diaphragm moves backward, the pump chamber volume increases, creating a negative pressure that draws the slag-water mixture from the orifice into the pump chamber through the suction port. When the diaphragm moves forward, the pump chamber volume decreases, creating a positive pressure that discharges the drawn-in fluid to the filtration system 2 at the rear. Compared to traditional electric pumps, the pneumatic diaphragm pump has advantages such as compact structure, no rotating parts, less clogging, and no motor burnout under overload conditions. It is particularly suitable for conveying slag-water mixtures containing solid particles and can adapt to harsh downhole operating environments.

[0041] The controller 3 can be a PLC, integrated into the back-end control unit. The controller 3 is connected to the sealing component, the air intake structure, and the suction structure via signal connections. The controller 3 is connected to the drive mechanism 18 that drives the opening and closing of the sealing component via control lines or wireless signals to control the opening and closing of the sealing component; the controller 3 is connected to the air supply pipeline of the air intake structure via control elements such as solenoid valves to control the airflow and flow rate; the controller 3 is connected to the power source of the suction structure via control signals to control the start, stop, and power of the suction action.

[0042] Controller 3 adjusts the compressed air supply to simultaneously control the purging intensity of the intake structure and the suction power of the pneumatic diaphragm pump, thereby achieving a dynamic balance between positive pressure purging and negative pressure suction. For example, when strong cleaning is required, controller 3 increases the intake pressure and suction frequency to create high-intensity swirling disturbances and rapid suction; when gentle purging is required, it reduces the intake pressure and suction frequency to avoid excessive impact on the borehole wall. This coordinated control mechanism ensures both the efficiency and safety of the borehole cleaning operation.

[0043] Controller 3 controls the coordinated operation of the air intake and suction structures via signals to create a directional flow field within the borehole sealed by the sealing member. When the sealing member opens the orifice, a relatively enclosed space is formed inside the borehole. At this time, the air intake structure injects high-pressure airflow into the borehole, creating a positive pressure purging flow field that blows off rock powder adhering to the borehole wall. Simultaneously, the suction structure generates negative pressure within the borehole, creating a negative pressure suction flow field that extracts the blown-off rock powder and accumulated water mixture from the borehole. The coordinated operation of positive pressure purging and negative pressure suction constructs a directional flow field within the enclosed space, allowing the slag-water mixture to be discharged from the bottom of the borehole to the orifice.

[0044] Sealing components can create a directional flow field. Without them, simply using high-pressure air purging allows dust to easily escape from the orifice, polluting the working environment. Furthermore, the airflow pressure cannot effectively accumulate within the orifice, resulting in low cleaning efficiency. Conversely, using only negative pressure suction is ineffective at removing dry rock powder adhering to the orifice wall and easily leads to blockage of the suction channel due to rock powder accumulation. This embodiment, by sealing the orifice with sealing components and combining the air intake and suction structures, prevents dust leakage and maintains a stable pressure field within the orifice. This effectively solves the problems of high dust pollution, uncontrollable drainage, and easy clogging in traditional orifice cleaning techniques, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly orifice cleaning operations.

[0045] In addition, the drilling and cleaning device in this embodiment also includes a sensing module, which includes a water level sensor 11 and a turbidity sensor 12. The water level sensor 11 and the turbidity sensor 12 are integrated at the front end of the working rod 1 and are respectively connected to the controller 3. In this embodiment, the water level sensor 11 can be a pressure-type water level sensor 11, and the turbidity sensor 12 can be an optical turbidity sensor 12. By integrating these two sensors on the working head at the very front of the working rod 1, the sensors move as the working rod 1 extends and retracts, enabling real-time detection of the water depth and turbidity at the current location of the working head. This avoids the detection lag or data distortion problems that may occur if the sensors are fixed at the borehole opening or rear end. The integrated design reduces the arrangement of external cables and lowers the failure rate of the equipment when operating in narrow boreholes. By collecting this real-time data, the controller 3 can accurately identify the working condition in the borehole, providing reliable data support for subsequent intelligent decision-making.

[0046] In order to process the fluid containing impurities extracted by the suction structure, the drilling and cleaning device also includes a filtration system 2, which includes a removable filter screen 232 and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor detects the pressure difference on both sides of the removable filter screen 232.

[0047] Specifically, the filtration system 2 has an outer casing 21 and an inner filtration chamber. It is equipped with casters 25 at the bottom for easy movement and a drain pipe 26 to discharge the filtered water. The inlet 22 of the filtration chamber is connected to a suction pipe, and a removable filter screen 232 is installed inside the chamber to intercept solid particles in the suctioned sludge-water mixture. The pressure sensor is a differential pressure transmitter, with two probes positioned on the inlet and outlet sides of the removable filter screen 232, respectively.

[0048] During the suction operation, pressure loss occurs when the slag-water mixture flows through the filter screen 232. As the filter screen 232 gradually becomes clogged with rock powder, the resistance to fluid flow increases, leading to a rise in the pressure difference across the filter screen 232. The controller 3 monitors this pressure difference in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds a preset safety threshold, it is determined that the filter screen 232 is severely clogged. At this time, the controller 3 can trigger an alarm on the buzzer 33 or prompt the replacement of the filter screen 232 on the display screen 32. The detachable filter screen 232 is fixed by a quick-release structure such as a snap-fit ​​or threaded connection and is equipped with a removal handle 231. Operators can quickly remove it for cleaning or replacement without disassembling the entire power and filtration unit. This effectively solves the problem of operation interruption and low efficiency caused by filter screen 232 clogging in traditional cleaning devices, significantly improving the continuity and convenience of the operation.

[0049] It also includes a camera 13 and a light source integrated at the front end of the working rod 1, which are connected to the controller 3 to transmit image data and provide illumination. The controller 3 is also connected to a corresponding display screen 32, which can display the current mode, data obtained by each sensor, the working status of each system of the equipment, images captured by the camera 13, and other data. It can be fixed to the filter system 2 by the bracket 34, so that the operator can have a more intuitive understanding of the working status of the equipment. The buzzer 33 is used to sound an alarm to the operator when the equipment detects abnormal data to avoid equipment failure. The PLC used in the controller 3 is protected by a waterproof housing 21 with an IP67 rating.

[0050] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, a method for operating a drilling and cleaning device is provided, utilizing the drilling and cleaning device as described in Example 1, comprising: To obtain the depth of water accumulation and turbidity in the borehole, and to identify the working conditions inside the borehole; Control the sealing components to seal the borehole opening, and control the working status of the air intake structure and the suction structure based on the working conditions; The high-pressure gas source outputs high-pressure gas to the airflow injection channel through the gas supply pipeline, and discharges into the borehole through the opening of the airflow injection channel to flush the borehole. The airflow mixes with impurities in the borehole and is discharged to the outside of the borehole through the suction structure.

[0051] In this embodiment, combined with Figures 1-7 The working method includes the following steps: Step S100: Obtain working parameters inside the borehole. In this step, working parameters are obtained through a sensing module. After the working rod 1 is inserted into the borehole, the water level sensor 11 integrated at the front end of the working rod 1 detects the water depth inside the borehole in real time, and the turbidity sensor 12 detects the turbidity of the water inside the borehole in real time.

[0052] It is understood that the operating parameters are not limited to water level and turbidity. In other embodiments, they may also include orifice temperature, flow rate, or image information acquired by the miniature camera 13. These parameters together constitute a multidimensional data basis for characterizing the orifice state.

[0053] Step S200: Identify the working condition status inside the borehole based on operating parameters. In this step, the controller 3 receives real-time data transmitted by the sensing module and analyzes and processes the data through an embedded intelligent decision-making algorithm. Specifically, the controller 3 compares the acquired water level data and turbidity data with preset threshold ranges, thereby abstracting the complex working environment inside the borehole into a finite standard state model.

[0054] In this embodiment, identifying the working condition within the borehole specifically includes classifying it into a first state, a second state, or a third state. The first state corresponds to high water level and high turbidity, indicating the borehole is filled with viscous mud and sediment, making borehole cleaning extremely difficult. The second state corresponds to medium-low water level and medium-low turbidity, indicating the presence of some accumulated water and scattered rock powder, representing a normal working condition. The third state corresponds to low water level and low turbidity, indicating a relatively clean borehole with only a small amount of accumulated water or dust, making borehole cleaning the easiest. Through this state classification, the controller 3 can convert continuously changing analog signals into discrete control commands.

[0055] Step S300: Based on the operating condition, match the corresponding combination of operating parameters and control the hole cleaning device to perform the hole cleaning operation. This step is the core execution link of intelligent decision-making. The controller 3 automatically calls the pre-stored operating strategy according to the identified state category, and coordinates the air intake structure and suction structure. For the first state, it matches a combination of first-power suction and intermittent first-pressure pulse purging; for the second state, it matches a combination of second-power suction and second-pressure pulse purging; and for the third state, it matches a combination of third-power suction and third-pressure pulse purging, wherein the first power is greater than the second power, which is greater than the third power, and the first pressure is greater than the second pressure, which is greater than the third pressure.

[0056] The specific matching logic is as follows: When the first state is identified, a combination of high-power negative pressure suction and intermittent high-pressure pulse backflushing is matched for the first state. Specifically, for mud environments with high water levels and high turbidity, simple suction is prone to clogging of the suction channel or filter screen 232 due to the high viscosity of the mud. Therefore, controller 3 controls the pneumatic diaphragm pump to operate at maximum power, providing strong negative pressure suction to quickly reduce the water level in the borehole. At the same time, controller 3 controls the air intake structure to intermittently spray high-pressure pulse airflow. This pulse backflushing can instantly disturb the deposited viscous mud, destroy its static structure, suspend it, and capture it by the suction structure, effectively preventing the suction port 15 from clogging and achieving efficient cleaning under heavy load conditions.

[0057] When the second state is identified, the normal power pumping combination is matched for the second state. Specifically, for normal operating conditions with medium to low water levels and medium to low turbidity, controller 3 controls the pneumatic diaphragm pump to operate at rated power, and the air intake structure maintains the normal swirling purging intensity. This parameter combination ensures orifice cleaning efficiency while avoiding energy waste, achieving a balance between efficiency and energy consumption.

[0058] When the system is identified as being in the third state, a combination of vortex purging and gentle suction is applied. Specifically, for slightly contaminated conditions with low water levels and low turbidity, the main residue inside the borehole is dry rock powder or a small amount of water adhering to the borehole wall. In this case, controller 3 reduces the suction power of the pneumatic diaphragm pump, relying primarily on the circumferential rotating airflow generated by the air intake structure to purge and clean the borehole wall, supplemented by gentle suction to remove the raised dust. This mode significantly reduces energy consumption and avoids the impact of excessive suction on borehole wall stability.

[0059] Through the aforementioned decision-making process, the method in this embodiment can adaptively adjust the operation strategy according to the actual working conditions inside the borehole. This avoids the energy waste caused by using uniform high-power operation regardless of the borehole conditions in traditional technologies, and also avoids incomplete borehole cleaning due to insufficient operation force. Throughout the process, operators do not need extensive experience and judgment; the device can automatically complete closed-loop control from environmental perception to operation execution, significantly improving the intelligence level and construction quality of borehole cleaning operations.

[0060] In this embodiment, a detailed description is given using the scenario of cleaning blast holes in high water level and high turbidity during tunnel excavation and blasting operations as an example.

[0061] In this scenario, the blast hole is approximately 3.5 meters deep and contains a large amount of residual mud and water from the blasting, indicating a heavy-load operating condition.

[0062] The operator inserts the multi-functional working rod 1 into the borehole to be cleaned. When the front end of the working rod 1 reaches near the bottom of the borehole, a command is issued through the operation button 31 of the rear control unit. After receiving the command, the controller 3 controls the drive mechanism 18 to operate, driving the openable seal to expand radially outward until its outer circumference tightly adheres to the inner wall of the borehole, thereby forming a reliable seal at the borehole opening and creating a closed working space.

[0063] The sensing module collects real-time operating parameters inside the borehole. The water level sensor 11, integrated at the front end of the working rod 1, detects that the current hydrostatic pressure is high, and the calculated water depth exceeds the preset high water level threshold; the turbidity sensor 12 detects that the water transmittance is extremely low, and the water turbidity exceeds the preset high turbidity threshold. This real-time data is transmitted to the controller 3 in the back-end control unit via signal lines.

[0064] Controller 3 identifies the working condition status inside the borehole based on the operating parameters. Controller 3 matches the received high water level and high turbidity data with the pre-stored operating condition model and determines that the current working condition inside the borehole belongs to the first state, that is, the high water level and high turbidity state, which indicates that the borehole is filled with viscous mud and sediment.

[0065] Based on the identified first state, controller 3 automatically matches the corresponding combination of operating parameters, i.e., the high-power mode, and controls the hole cleaning device to perform the hole cleaning operation. Specifically, controller 3 first controls the vortex nozzle 14 in the air intake structure to open, spraying high-pressure airflow. Because the vortex nozzle 14 is arranged at an inclined angle, the airflow forms a high-speed rotating vortex inside the nozzle, strongly disturbing the viscous slurry deposited at the bottom of the nozzle, causing it to suspend and loosen. At the same time, controller 3 controls the pneumatic diaphragm pump in the suction structure to operate at maximum power, generating a strong negative pressure, which quickly extracts the suspended sludge-water mixture through the suction hole.

[0066] During high-power mode operation, to address the issue of high mud viscosity leading to blockage of the suction channel, controller 3 also employs an intermittent high-pressure pulse backflushing strategy. That is, during continuous suction, controller 3 instantaneously increases the airflow pressure of the intake structure at preset time intervals, such as every 10 seconds, forming short, high-pressure pulse airflows. This pulse airflow can reverse-impact the suction orifice and pipeline, disrupting any potential blockages and ensuring unobstructed discharge channels. This combination of high-power negative pressure suction and intermittent high-pressure pulse backflushing effectively solves the problems of low orifice cleaning efficiency and easy blockage under heavy load conditions.

[0067] After the cleaning operation has been ongoing for some time, the filtration system 2 comes into play. As a large amount of sludge-water mixture is extracted, the removable filter screen 232 intercepts the solid particles. A pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference across the filter screen 232 in real time. When the pressure difference gradually increases and exceeds a preset safety threshold, the controller 3 determines that the degree of clogging of the filter screen 232 is affecting operational efficiency. It then triggers an alarm on the buzzer 33 and displays a message on the display screen 32 indicating that the filter screen 232 is clogged and needs replacement. Upon receiving the message, the operator can pause the operation, remove the clogged removable filter screen 232 using the quick-release mechanism, replace it with a clean filter screen 232, and then restart the system.

[0068] After approximately 5 minutes of high-intensity operation, the sensing module detected a significant drop in the water level inside the borehole, and the reading from turbidity sensor 12 returned to the clean range. Controller 3 determined that the borehole cleaning operation was complete, automatically shutting off the air intake and suction structures, controlling the closure of the expandable rubber ring, and retracting the operating rod 1. The operator moved the device to the next borehole. Upon inspection, the borehole wall was clean, with no residual rock powder, and no water accumulation at the bottom, meeting the high-quality requirements for subsequent explosive blasting.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and hole cleaning device, characterized in that, include: Operating rod; The sealing component is set on the working rod in an openable manner. When the sealing component is in the open state, it fits against the hole wall to seal the borehole opening. The air intake structure includes an air jet channel located at the front end of the working rod and an air supply pipe connecting the air jet channel, wherein the opening of the air jet channel is connected to the external space of the working rod. The suction structure includes a fluid suction channel located at the front end of the working rod and a suction pipe communicating with the fluid suction channel, wherein the opening of the fluid suction channel communicates with the external space of the working rod. The intake structure and the suction structure work together to form a directional flow field within the borehole sealed by the sealing component.

2. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing component includes a tensionable sealing ring, which is connected to a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the tensionable sealing ring to open to fit against the hole wall or close to disengage from the hole wall.

3. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The working rod is equipped with a working head at its front end. The openings of the airflow injection channel and the fluid suction channel are located on the working head and are distributed at intervals.

4. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The opening of the airflow injection channel forms multiple vortex nozzles, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the working head. The injection axis of each vortex nozzle is arranged at an inclined angle relative to the axis of the working rod.

5. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The suction structure also includes a pneumatic diaphragm pump, which is connected to the fluid suction channel via a suction pipe.

6. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a controller and a sensing module. The sensing module includes a water level sensor and a turbidity sensor, which are integrated at the front end of the working rod and connected to the controller respectively. The controller is used to control the opening and closing action of the sealing component, the spraying action of the air intake structure, and the suction action of the suction structure.

7. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a camera and a light source integrated at the front end of the work pole, which are connected to the controller to transmit image data and provide lighting, respectively.

8. The drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, It also includes a filtration system, which includes a removable filter and a pressure sensor. The filtration system is connected to a suction pipe to filter the impurity-containing fluid discharged from the suction structure. The pressure sensor detects the pressure difference on both sides of the removable filter and sends it to the controller.

9. A method for operating a drilling and cleaning device, utilizing the drilling and cleaning device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: To obtain the depth of water accumulation and turbidity in the borehole, and to identify the working conditions inside the borehole; Control the sealing components to seal the borehole opening, and control the working status of the air intake structure and the suction structure based on the working conditions; The high-pressure gas source outputs high-pressure gas to the airflow injection channel through the gas supply pipeline, and discharges into the borehole through the opening of the airflow injection channel to flush the borehole. The airflow mixes with impurities in the borehole and is discharged to the outside of the borehole through the suction structure.

10. The working method of the drilling and cleaning device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The identification of the working conditions inside the borehole includes: identifying the working conditions inside the borehole as a first state, a second state, or a third state; wherein, the first state corresponds to high water level and high turbidity, the second state corresponds to medium-low water level and medium-low turbidity, and the third state corresponds to low water level and low turbidity. Based on the operating conditions, the operating states of the intake and suction structures are controlled as follows: for the first state, a combination of first power suction and intermittent first pressure pulse purging is matched; for the second state, a combination of second power suction and second pressure pulse purging is matched; for the third state, a combination of third power suction and third pressure pulse purging is matched, wherein the first power is greater than the second power and the third power, and the first pressure is greater than the second pressure and the third pressure.

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