A device and method for detecting the profile of a ball cage groove in a constant velocity joint

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of inner ball cage detection of constant velocity universal joint, and discloses a kind of constant velocity universal joint inner ball cage channel profile detection device and detection method.The device includes body, first index table, second index table, standard ball cage, axial floating detection shaft, magnetic disc, electromagnetic coil, first detection head, second detection head and detection unit.Two detection heads are respectively arranged at the two ends of the axial floating detection shaft, and are elastically abutted to the measured ball cage and the standard ball cage channel through the radial ball head probe rod.Detection unit generates the displacement curve of the measured side and the standard side channel, compares the channel profile deviation obtained, and compares the standard side curve with the reference curve to judge the detection state.The electromagnetic coil is used to adjust the axial stress state of the detection shaft, reduce the contact instability, probe rod bounce or detection shaft micro-motion interference, and improve the detection reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ball cage detection technology for constant velocity universal joints, and particularly to a device and method for detecting the groove profile of the ball cage inside a constant velocity universal joint. Background Technology

[0002] Constant velocity joints (CV joints) are crucial components in automotive transmission systems. The inner ball cage, a key force-transmitting component within the CV joint, typically has multiple grooves on its inner side for mates with steel balls. The machining accuracy of these groove contours directly affects the steel ball trajectory, transmission smoothness, transmission noise, wear condition, and service life. Therefore, after the inner ball cage is machined, it is usually necessary to inspect the contour dimensions, groove consistency, and local shape deviations of each groove.

[0003] Among existing methods for inspecting the internal ball cage channel, one type uses gauges, steel ball gauges, or dedicated segmented gauges for contact inspection. This type of method has a relatively simple structure and is suitable for quickly determining whether certain dimensions are within the allowable range. However, it usually only obtains local position or equivalent size information and cannot continuously reflect changes in the channel profile. Another type of method uses a profilometer, coordinate measuring machine, or dedicated scanning equipment with a detection probe to scan and inspect the channel. This can obtain more complete channel profile data. However, this type of inspection method usually has high requirements for the contact stability between the detection head and the channel, the pre-tensioning state of the detection probe, and the stability of the detection reference during the scanning process.

[0004] During channel scanning inspection, the probe typically needs to extend into the inner cavity of the ball cage, maintaining contact between the probe rod or spherical probe and the channel surface. If the probe shaft uses a fixed support structure, uneven contact force can easily occur between the probe and the channel when there are uneven channel margins, abrupt changes in local contours, clamping deviations, or differences in probe insertion depth within the inner ball cage being tested. On the one hand, the probe rod may experience jumping, instantaneous impacts, or jamming due to excessive local resistance; on the other hand, insufficient local contact may lead to distorted displacement data. In such cases, fluctuations caused by factors other than the channel contour can easily be superimposed on the detection curve, affecting the stability and accuracy of the detection results.

[0005] Meanwhile, existing testing methods typically rely primarily on testing data from one side of the inner ball cage under test, or use standard parts and curves only as offline calibration references. While this approach allows for comparison of the tested data with standard data, it often fails to reflect the state of the testing components themselves synchronously during each test. Abnormal fluctuations in the tested side's testing curve may occur when the testing shaft experiences minor movements, the testing head's contact is unstable, the testing probe's preload changes abruptly, the indexing rotation is asynchronous, the groove repositioning is incomplete, or the sensor sampling is abnormal. Without reference data that can participate in the testing process in real time, it is difficult to distinguish whether the anomaly is caused by a dimensional defect in the inner ball cage's groove or by an abnormal testing state, easily leading to misjudgments of data distortion caused by the testing system as a failure of the inner ball cage's groove.

[0006] Furthermore, inner ball cages typically have multiple channels, requiring sequential scanning, recording, and comparison during inspection. In actual production, the tested inner ball cage may also require rework and re-inspection. If the reference conditions for each channel are inconsistent during inspection, or if the inspection standards used before and after rework are not uniform, the comparability, repeatability, and traceability between different channels and between inspection results before and after rework can be easily affected, hindering accurate determination of channel defect locations and rework effectiveness.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and method for detecting the channel profile of a constant velocity universal joint's internal ball cage, so that it can improve the contact stability between the detection head and the channel during the channel scanning detection process, reduce the impact of unbalanced force on the detection shaft, probe jump and abnormal detection status on the channel profile judgment, and be able to judge the reliability of the detection data itself, thereby improving the repeatability, comparability and traceability of multi-channel detection and re-inspection results. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for detecting the profile of the ball cage groove in a constant velocity universal joint, in order to solve the problem that in the existing process of scanning and detecting the inner ball cage groove, the contact state between the detection head and the groove is easily affected by factors such as imbalance of force on the detection shaft, changes in the preload of the probe rod, detection head runout, indexing rotation error, or abnormal sensor sampling, which leads to abnormal fluctuations in the detection curve caused by factors other than the groove profile. It is difficult to accurately distinguish whether the abnormality is caused by a defect in the groove profile of the ball cage being tested or by an abnormality in the state of the detection device.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a constant velocity universal joint inner ball cage groove contour detection device, comprising a body, a first indexing table, a second indexing table, a standard ball cage, a double-end balance detection component, and a detection unit; The first indexing table is used to clamp and drive the ball cage under test to rotate, and the second indexing table is used to clamp and drive the pre-calibrated standard ball cage to rotate in an angle corresponding to the ball cage under test. The distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table and the rotation axis of the second indexing table is L. The dual-end balance detection assembly includes a support base, an axial floating detection shaft, a magnetic disk, a first electromagnetic coil, a second electromagnetic coil, a first detection head, a second detection head, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The axial floating detection shaft is mounted on the support base in a way that allows it to slide axially and rotate around its own axis. The magnetic disk is disposed on the axial floating detection shaft. The first electromagnetic coil and the second electromagnetic coil are located on opposite sides of the magnetic disk along the axial direction, respectively, for adjusting the axial force state of the axial floating detection shaft. The first detection head and the second detection head are respectively disposed at both ends of the axial floating detection shaft, and the center distance between the first detection head and the second detection head is L; the first detection head and the second detection head each include a base, multiple ball-head probes, a pre-tightening spring and a detection target surface, and the first sensor and the second sensor are respectively used to detect the displacement of the detection target surface in the detection phase; The detection unit is used to determine the clamping and alignment status of the ball cage under test based on the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor and the second sensor at the initial detection position, and to generate the displacement curve of the tested side groove and the standard side groove based on the displacement data collected by the first sensor and the second sensor during the rotation scanning process, so as to obtain the groove profile deviation of the ball cage under test; the detection unit is also used to compare the standard side groove displacement curve with the reference curve of the standard ball cage to determine whether the detection status is abnormal.

[0010] Preferably, a first clamp is provided on the first indexing table, and a second clamp is provided on the second indexing table. The first clamp is used to clamp the ball cage to be tested, and the second clamp is used to clamp the standard ball cage. Both the first clamp and the second clamp include a guide rail base, a sliding seat, a sleeve, a spring chuck, a lead screw, a swivel, and a locking nut. The sliding seat is slidably mounted on the guide rail base, the sleeve is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat, the spring chuck is located at the end of the sleeve, the lead screw is drivenly connected to the sliding seat, the swivel is located at the end of the lead screw, and the locking nut is used to lock the sliding seat.

[0011] Preferably, the handle is used to drive the lead screw to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the sliding seat relative to the guide rail seat, so that the inner cavity center of the ball cage being tested is substantially coincident with the rotation axis of the first indexing table, and the inner cavity center of the standard ball cage is substantially coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table.

[0012] Preferably, the detection unit is used to read the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor and the second sensor during the adjustment of the sliding seat, and output a clamping alignment signal when the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range.

[0013] Preferably, the first fixture is equipped with a servo motor, which drives the sleeve of the first fixture to rotate, thereby causing the ball cage under test to rotate around its own axis and switch between different channels; the sleeve of the second fixture is rotatably mounted on a corresponding sliding seat, which is used to adjust the channel phase in conjunction with a standard ball cage; both the first fixture and the sliding seat of the second fixture are equipped with angle sensors, which are used to detect the rotation angle of the corresponding sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the axial floating detection shaft is used to drive the first detection head and the second detection head to rotate synchronously around the axis of the axial floating detection shaft during the channel repositioning process, so that the corresponding ball head probes in the first and second detection heads enter the detection phase synchronously; the detection phase is the position where the axis of the ball head probe is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the corresponding indexing table; the detection unit is used to determine whether the corresponding channel has reached the preset detection angle based on the angle signal collected by the angle sensor, and after the corresponding channel reaches the preset detection angle, trigger the first sensor and the second sensor to collect the displacement data of the detection target surface in the detection phase.

[0015] Preferably, both the first indexing table and the second indexing table include a rotary table. The first indexing table is connected to an indexing drive motor. The rotary tables of the first and second indexing tables are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt to enable the first and second indexing tables to rotate synchronously. The first indexing table and / or the second indexing table are equipped with an angle encoder. The detection unit is used to generate a measured side channel displacement curve and a standard side channel displacement curve by using the angle position collected by the angle encoder as the abscissa and the displacement amount collected by the first and second sensors as the ordinate.

[0016] Preferably, the plurality of ball-head probes in the first detection head are all slidably arranged along the radial direction of the first detection head, and the extension line of the axis of each ball-head probe passes through the center of the first detection head; the plurality of ball-head probes in the second detection head are all slidably arranged along the radial direction of the second detection head, and the extension line of the axis of each ball-head probe passes through the center of the second detection head.

[0017] This invention also proposes a method for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel inside a constant velocity universal joint, comprising the following steps: S1, install the standard ball cage on the second indexing table, so that the center of the inner cavity of the standard ball cage is basically coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table, and install the ball cage to be tested on the first indexing table, so that the first detection head and the second detection head extend into the ball cage to be tested and the standard ball cage respectively. S2, the initial displacement of the detection target surface in the detection phase in the first detection head and the second detection head are collected by the first sensor and the second sensor respectively, and the detection unit calculates the initial displacement difference between the two sides; S3, adjust the clamping position of the ball cage under test relative to the rotation axis of the first indexing table. When the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range, the detection unit outputs a clamping alignment signal. S4, the first and second indexing tables respectively drive the ball cage under test and the standard ball cage to rotate at corresponding angles, so that the first and second detection heads scan the corresponding channels respectively; S5, the displacement data of the detection target surface in the detection phase in the first detection head and the second detection head are collected by the first sensor and the second sensor respectively; S6, the detection unit generates the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel based on the displacement data, and obtains the profile deviation of the measured ball cage channel based on the comparison result of the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel.

[0018] In S6, the detection unit compares the standard side channel displacement curve with the reference curve of the corresponding channel of the standard ball cage; when the deviation between the standard side channel displacement curve and the corresponding reference curve exceeds a preset threshold, an abnormal detection status signal is output; when the deviation does not exceed the preset threshold, a channel profile deviation curve is generated based on the measured side channel displacement curve and the standard side channel displacement curve. After completing the test of one channel, without disassembling the tested ball cage and the standard ball cage, the next set of corresponding channels is brought into the test position, and the displacement curve of the tested side channel, the displacement curve of the standard side channel, and the channel profile deviation curve of each channel are stored according to the channel number for comparison and re-inspection after the tested ball cage is repaired.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the first detection head and the second detection head are respectively disposed at both ends of the same axial floating detection shaft, and both detection heads are in elastic contact with the corresponding ball cage channel through ball-head probes and pre-tightening springs, thereby forming a double-end elastic pre-tightening detection structure. Compared with a fixed detection shaft, the axial floating detection shaft can form a floating neutral force state when both ball-head probes are pressed against the corresponding channel, avoiding unilateral force bias, unstable contact, and uncontrollable detection benchmark caused by excessive pressure on one side, insufficient contact on the other side, or inconsistent initial pre-tightening of the probes. This improves the reliability of the comparison results between the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel.

[0020] 2. The first and second detection heads in this invention both include multiple ball-head probes. Each ball-head probe is slidably arranged radially along the corresponding detection head, and the extension line of the axis of each ball-head probe passes through the center of the corresponding detection head. Therefore, the multiple ball-head probes can elastically press against the corresponding channel outwards with the center of the detection head as a reference, enabling the detection head to form a relatively stable central support and circumferential force balance within the ball cage. During channel repositioning or swivel scanning, the influence of ball-head probe skew forces, local jumps, or sudden changes in contact state on the detection displacement data can also be reduced, allowing the ball-head probes in the detection phase to more accurately reflect the contour changes of the corresponding channel.

[0021] 3. This invention uses a first electromagnetic coil and a second electromagnetic coil to act on a magnetic disk to adjust the axial force state of the axially floating detection shaft. This electromagnetic action does not forcibly fix the axially floating detection shaft in a specific axial position, nor does it simply change the geometric center position of the detection shaft. Instead, it adjusts the force balance and floating stability of the axially floating detection shaft while maintaining its floating state. When non-contour fluctuations occur during the detection process due to unstable contact of the detection head, instantaneous impact, ball-head probe jumping, or micro-movement of the detection shaft, the detection unit can reduce the interference of such fluctuations on the channel profile curve by controlling the force exerted by the first and second electromagnetic coils on the magnetic disk, allowing the detection curve to more accurately reflect the contour changes of the channel itself.

[0022] 4. This invention sets a pre-calibrated standard ball cage on the other side of the axial floating detection shaft, making the standard ball cage not just a static dimensional reference but also participating in the same double-end detection structure as the ball cage under test. During the detection process, the second detection head scans the standard ball cage groove to form a standard side groove displacement curve. The detection unit compares the standard side groove displacement curve with the corresponding reference curve. When the standard side groove displacement curve deviates or fluctuates more than a threshold relative to the reference curve, it indicates that the detection component may have problems such as abnormal micro-motion of the axial floating detection shaft, stuck ball head probe, sudden change in pre-tightening state, incomplete groove repositioning, asynchronous indexing rotation, or abnormal sensor sampling. At this time, the detection unit outputs an abnormal detection status signal or stops outputting the qualified judgment result of the ball cage under test, thus first determining whether the detection data is reliable, and then determining whether the ball cage under test has groove contour defects. At the same time, in multiple groove detection and rework inspection processes, the same standard ball cage is always used as the reference object on the standard side, thereby improving the repeatability, comparability, and traceability of multi-groove detection results and detection results before and after rework. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of the detection device proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear three-dimensional structure of the detection device proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the detection device proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the axial floating detection shaft, magnetic disk, electromagnetic coil, first detection head and second detection head proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first detection head proposed in this invention in conjunction with the ball cage under test.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second detection head proposed in this invention in conjunction with a standard ball cage.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the axial floating detection shaft, the ball cage under test, and the standard ball cage proposed in this invention, with their axes overlapping.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the test ball cage and the standard ball cage in a swing angle detection state relative to the axial floating detection axis, as proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 9 The present invention presents a schematic curve showing the change of the initial displacement difference between the two sides during the clamping and alignment process of the ball cage under test as the sliding seat is adjusted.

[0032] Figure 10 The diagram shows the displacement curve of the measured side of a single channel, the displacement curve of the standard side of the channel, and the channel profile deviation curve proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram comparing the standard side channel displacement curve proposed in this invention with the standard ball cage reference curve.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the numbering and storage of multiple channel profile deviation curves proposed in this invention.

[0035] In the picture: 100. Machine body; 101. First indexing table; 102. Second indexing table; 103. Standard ball cage; 104. Ball cage under test; 105. Rotary table; 106. Indexing drive motor; 201. Support base; 202. Axial floating detection shaft; 203. Magnetic disk; 204. First electromagnetic coil; 205. Second electromagnetic coil; 206. First detection head; 207. Second detection head; 208. First sensor; 209. Second sensor; 301. Matrix; 302. Ball-head probe; 303. Preload spring; 304. Detection target surface; 401. First clamp; 402. Second clamp; 403. Guide rail base; 404. Sliding seat; 405. Sleeve; 406. Clamping spring chuck; 407. Lead screw; 408. Turning handle; 409. Locking nut; 410. Servo motor; 411. Angle sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Example 1: Overall structure of the detection device; Reference Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a constant velocity universal joint inner ball cage groove contour detection device, including a body 100, a first indexing table 101, a second indexing table 102, a standard ball cage 103, a double-end balance detection component, and a detection unit.

[0039] The first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 are both mounted on the machine body 100. The first indexing table 101 is used to install and drive the ball cage 104 under test to rotate, and the second indexing table 102 is used to install and drive the standard ball cage 103 to rotate. The standard ball cage 103 is a pre-calibrated ball cage, and the reference curves of its various channels can be pre-stored in the testing unit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 are arranged opposite to each other, and the distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101 and the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102 is L. A double-ended balancing detection component is disposed between the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102. The double-ended balancing detection component includes a first detection head 206 and a second detection head 207, and the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 is also L. That is to say, the first indexing table 101, the second indexing table 102, and the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 form a preset corresponding fixed geometric reference on the equipment.

[0041] During testing, the first detection head 206 extends into the ball cage 104 under test, and the second detection head 207 extends into the standard ball cage 103, so that the ball cage 104 under test and the standard ball cage 103 are located on opposite sides of the double-ended balance testing assembly. Since the distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101 and the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102 is L, and the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 is also L, when the center of the inner cavity of the standard ball cage 103 is basically coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102, and the center of the inner cavity of the ball cage 104 under test is close to coincident with the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101, the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can respectively form elastic contact with the corresponding ball cage groove under a relatively stable central reference.

[0042] It should be noted that the standard ball cage 103 is a pre-calibrated ball cage, and it usually does not need to be frequently replaced and disassembled during continuous testing. Therefore, the correspondence between the inner cavity center of the standard ball cage 103 and the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102 can serve as a relatively stable standard reference. The ball cage 104 under test, however, needs to be repeatedly clamped and disassembled according to different workpieces under test, and its manual clamping state makes it difficult to directly guarantee complete coaxiality. In this embodiment, the initial displacement difference between the two detection heads is collected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209. Whether the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range is used to help determine whether the inner cavity center of the ball cage 104 under test is close to the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 8 The first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 are used to enable the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 to rotate in a corresponding angle. This angle-corresponding rotation can be understood as follows: during the detection process, the groove scanning angle of the tested ball cage 104 and the corresponding groove scanning angle of the standard ball cage 103 maintain a preset correspondence, so that the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can scan the groove of the tested ball cage 104 and the corresponding groove of the standard ball cage 103, respectively. While generating the groove displacement curve on the tested side, the detection unit also generates the groove displacement curve on the standard side, and obtains the groove profile deviation of the tested ball cage 104 based on the comparison result of the two curves.

[0044] In this embodiment, the standard ball cage 103 is not merely used as a static dimensional reference, but participates in the testing process together with the ball cage 104 under test. During testing, the standard ball cage 103 is also scanned by the second detection head 207, forming a standard side channel displacement curve. This standard side channel displacement curve can not only serve as a real-time reference for the displacement curve of the side channel under test, but can also be compared with the baseline curve of the standard ball cage 103 to determine whether the current testing state is stable.

[0045] Therefore, this embodiment no longer relies solely on the absolute detection data of one side of the ball cage 104 under test. Instead, it establishes a detection reference system by combining the standard ball cage 103, the fixed geometric reference L, the double-ended balanced detection components, and the reliability judgment of the standard side curve. When an anomaly appears in the channel displacement curve of the tested side, the detection unit can further determine, in conjunction with the standard side channel displacement curve, whether the anomaly is more likely to originate from the channel profile deviation of the ball cage 104 under test, or from factors such as abnormal state of the detection components, clamping deviation, or unstable contact of the detection head.

[0046] Example 2: Structure and force adjustment process of the dual-end balance detection component; Reference Figures 4 to 8 This embodiment describes a dual-end balance detection assembly. The dual-end balance detection assembly includes a support base 201, an axial floating detection shaft 202, a magnetic disk 203, a first electromagnetic coil 204, a second electromagnetic coil 205, a first detection head 206, a second detection head 207, a first sensor 208, and a second sensor 209.

[0047] A support base 201 is fixedly mounted on the machine body 100, and an axially floating detection shaft 202 is slidably mounted on the support base 201 and rotatable around its own axis. A first detection head 206 is located at one end of the axially floating detection shaft 202 and is used to extend into the ball cage 104 under test; a second detection head 207 is located at the other end of the axially floating detection shaft 202 and is used to extend into the standard ball cage 103. The first detection head 206, the second detection head 207, and the axially floating detection shaft 202 together constitute a double-ended floating detection structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 is L, which is equal to the distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101 and the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102. Therefore, when the standard ball cage 103 is substantially aligned with the second indexing table 102 and the ball cage under test is nearly aligned with the first indexing table 101, the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can respectively enter the preset detection position of the corresponding ball cage.

[0049] Reference Figures 4 to 6The first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can have the same structure, both including a base 301, a ball-head probe 302, a preload spring 303, and a detection target surface 304. The ball-head probe 302 is slidably mounted on the base 301. The preload spring 303 applies an elastic preload force to the ball-head probe 302, allowing the ball end of the ball-head probe 302 to press against the corresponding ball cage groove. The detection target surface 304 moves with the ball-head probe 302. The first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 are mounted on the support base 201. The first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 can be non-contact displacement sensors, respectively facing the corresponding detection target surface 304. The non-contact displacement sensors can be laser displacement sensors or photoelectric displacement sensors.

[0050] Preferably, both the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 are provided with a plurality of ball-head probes 302, which are arranged at circumferential intervals along the corresponding substrate 301. The ball-head probes 302 in the first detection head 206 are all slidably arranged radially along the first detection head 206, and the extension of the axis of each ball-head probe 302 passes through the center of the first detection head 206; similarly, the ball-head probes 302 in the second detection head 207 are all slidably arranged radially along the second detection head 207, and the extension of the axis of each ball-head probe 302 passes through the center of the second detection head 207.

[0051] Therefore, each ball-head probe 302 can elastically press against the corresponding channel outward with the center of the corresponding detection head as a reference, so that the detection head forms a relatively stable central support and circumferential force balance within the ball cage. Since the cross-section of the ball cage channel is usually an arc-shaped structure, the ball end of the ball-head probe 302 can automatically find its position along the arc-shaped cross-section of the channel under the action of the preload spring 303 and fit into the stable contact area, thereby improving the contact stability between the detection head and the channel.

[0052] It should be noted that this embodiment does not use a fixed-position detection shaft as a rigid support for the two detection heads. If the detection shaft is fixed, when the ball cage 104 under test has clamping deviation, poor groove allowance, or uneven local contour, the pressure exerted by the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 on the two ball cages is prone to imbalance, which may lead to excessive pressure on one side, insufficient contact on the other side, bounce of the ball head probe 302, or fluctuation of detection data. To avoid the above problems, this embodiment uses an axially floating detection shaft 202, which allows the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 to form a neutral force state under the elastic clamping action at both ends.

[0053] Reference Figure 7A magnetic disk 203 is mounted on an axially floating detection shaft 202. A first electromagnetic coil 204 and a second electromagnetic coil 205 are fixedly mounted inside a support base 201 and are located on opposite sides of the magnetic disk 203 along its axial direction. The detection unit can control the energizing state of the first electromagnetic coil 204 and the second electromagnetic coil 205, causing the two electromagnetic coils to generate electromagnetic forces of different directions or magnitudes on the magnetic disk 203, thereby changing the axial force state of the axially floating detection shaft 202.

[0054] It should be noted that the first electromagnetic coil 204 and the second electromagnetic coil 205 are not used to forcibly fix the axially floating detection shaft 202 in a certain axial position, nor are they simply used to change the geometric center position of the detection shaft through electromagnetic action. Instead, they are used to adjust the force balance and floating stability of the axially floating detection shaft 202 while maintaining its floating state. When non-contour abnormal fluctuations occur in the standard side channel displacement curve or the displacement difference between the two sides during the detection process, the detection unit can control the first electromagnetic coil 204 and the second electromagnetic coil 205 to change the force exerted on the magnetic disk 203, so as to suppress the fluctuation interference caused by detection head jump, local contact instability, instantaneous impact, or micro-movement of the axially floating detection shaft 202.

[0055] At the initial detection position, the first detection head 206 extends into the ball cage 104 under test, and the second detection head 207 extends into the standard ball cage 103. The ball probe 302 in the first detection head 206, under the action of the preload spring 303, presses against the groove of the ball cage 104 under test, and the ball probe 302 in the second detection head 207, under the action of the preload spring 303, presses against the corresponding groove of the standard ball cage 103. The detection unit reads the initial displacement collected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209, and calculates the initial displacement difference between the two sides.

[0056] Since the distance between the rotation axis centers of the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 is L, and the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 is also L, when the inner cavity center of the standard ball cage 103 is basically coincident with the rotation axis center of the second indexing table 102, the initial displacement difference on both sides can be used as the basis for judging the clamping and alignment state of the ball cage 104 under test. Specifically, the operator adjusts the clamping position of the ball cage 104 under test by turning the handle 408. When the initial displacement difference on both sides reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range, it can be considered that the compression state of the ball head probe 302 on the tested side and the ball head probe 302 on the standard side tends to be consistent, and the inner cavity center of the ball cage 104 under test approaches the rotation axis center of the first indexing table 101, so that the tested side and the standard side enter a comparable initial detection state.

[0057] It should be further clarified that the minimum initial displacement difference or entry into the preset allowable range is mainly used to assist in judging the clamping alignment status, and does not mean that the effective displacement difference between the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 will be continuously eliminated during the formal testing process. During the formal groove scanning process, the effective difference between the groove displacement curve of the tested side and the groove displacement curve of the standard side is retained and used as the groove profile difference of the tested ball cage 104 relative to the standard ball cage 103. The groove profile of the standard ball cage 103 is a pre-calibrated reference state. The allowance difference caused by under-machining, over-machining, groove depth deviation, or local unevenness of the tested ball cage 104 will be manifested as the change in the compression of the ball head probe 302 in the first detection head 206 relative to the ball head probe 302 in the second detection head 207. The detection unit generates a groove profile deviation curve based on this.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 When the axial floating detection shaft 202, the tested ball cage 104, and the standard ball cage 103 are in their initial aligned state, the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can abut against the two side channels in a relatively symmetrical manner. (Refer to...) Figure 8 When the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 are in a swing angle detection state relative to the axial floating detection shaft 202, the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can still maintain elastic contact with the corresponding channel through the ball head probe 302 and the preload spring 303. During this process, the detection unit continuously or at a preset angle collects the displacement data of the detection target surface 304 and generates the channel displacement curve.

[0059] Example 3: Fixture adjustment, clamping alignment, channel transposition and synchronous indexing structure; Reference Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment describes the clamping, clamping alignment, channel transposition, and synchronous indexing of the test ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 Both the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 include a rotary table 105. The first indexing table 101 is connected to an indexing drive motor 106. The rotary tables 105 of the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt to enable the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 to rotate synchronously. With this structure, when the indexing drive motor 106 drives the first indexing table 101 to rotate, the second indexing table 102 can rotate synchronously, thereby enabling the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 to form a scanning state with corresponding angles.

[0061] In this embodiment, the distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101 and the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102 is L, and the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 is also L. That is, the two indexing tables and the two detection heads form a preset corresponding fixed geometric reference on the equipment. The adjustment of the first clamp 401 and the second clamp 402 is not used to change the axial distance between the two indexing tables, nor is it used to change the center distance between the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207, but is used to adjust the clamping position of the ball cage 104 under test and the standard ball cage 103 relative to the rotation axis of the corresponding indexing table, respectively.

[0062] A first clamp 401 is provided on the first indexing table 101, and a second clamp 402 is provided on the second indexing table 102. The first clamp 401 is used to clamp the ball cage 104 to be tested, and the second clamp 402 is used to clamp the standard ball cage 103. The first clamp 401 and the second clamp 402 can have the same structure, both including a guide rail seat 403, a sliding seat 404, a sleeve 405, a spring chuck 406, a lead screw 407, a handle 408, and a locking nut 409.

[0063] Specifically, the guide rail base 403 is fixedly mounted on the rotary table 105, the sliding seat 404 is slidably mounted on the guide rail base 403, the sleeve 405 is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 404, and the spring clamp 406 is located at the end of the sleeve 405. The spring clamp 406 is used to clamp the corresponding ball cage, allowing the corresponding ball cage to rotate with the sleeve 405. The lead screw 407 is rotatably mounted on the guide rail base 403 and is connected to the sliding seat 404 for transmission, and the handle 408 is located at the end of the lead screw 407. When the operator rotates the handle 408, the lead screw 407 drives the sliding seat 404 to move along the guide rail base 403, thereby adjusting the position of the ball cage 104 under test or the standard ball cage 103 relative to the rotation axis of the corresponding indexing table. After adjustment, the sliding seat 404 is locked by the locking nut 409 to prevent the sliding seat 404 from moving during the testing process.

[0064] For the standard ball cage 103, since it is a pre-calibrated ball cage and usually does not need to be frequently disassembled and assembled during each test, the position of the standard ball cage 103 can be adjusted in advance by the second clamp 402 so that the center of the inner cavity of the standard ball cage 103 is basically coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102. This state can be used as a reference for standard side clamping and testing.

[0065] For the ball cage 104 under test, due to the frequent clamping and disassembly required to accommodate the workpiece, manual adjustment cannot directly guarantee perfect concentricity. Therefore, when adjusting the ball cage 104, the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 can be used for auxiliary judgment. Specifically, after the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 are inserted into the ball cage 104 under test and the standard ball cage 103 respectively, the ball head probes 302 on both sides elastically abut against the corresponding grooves. When the operator adjusts the position of the sliding seat 404 of the first clamp 401 using the handle 408, the position of the ball cage 104 under test relative to the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101 changes, and the initial displacement of the measured side collected by the first sensor 208 also changes accordingly. (Reference) Figure 7 The detection unit uses the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 as an auxiliary calibration basis. When the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range, it can be determined that the compression state of the ball head probe 302 on the tested side and the standard side tends to be consistent, and it serves as the basis for judging that the center of the inner cavity of the tested ball cage 104 approaches the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101.

[0066] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the first detection head 206 extends into the ball cage 104 under test, its ball head probe 302 makes elastic contact with the groove of the ball cage 104 under test; when the second detection head 207 extends into the standard ball cage 103, its ball head probe 302 makes elastic contact with the corresponding groove of the standard ball cage 103. To allow different grooves to enter the detection position sequentially, a servo motor 410 can be installed on the first clamp 401. The servo motor 410 drives the sleeve 405 of the first clamp 401 to rotate, thereby causing the ball cage 104 under test to rotate around its own axis and switch between different grooves. The sleeve 405 of the second clamp 402 can rotate relative to the corresponding sliding seat 404 to cooperate with the standard ball cage 103 for groove phase adjustment. Angle sensors 411 can be installed on the sliding seats 404 of both the first clamp 401 and the second clamp 402. The angle sensors 411 detect the rotation angle of the corresponding sleeve 405 and send the angle signal to the detection unit.

[0067] It should be noted that the channel repositioning action in this embodiment is different from the channel scanning action. The channel repositioning action is mainly used to bring a certain channel or the next channel into the preset detection position; the channel scanning action is that after the corresponding channel enters the detection position, the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 drive the ball cage under test 104 and the standard ball cage 103 to rotate at a corresponding angle, so that the ball head probe 302 scans along the contour range of a single channel.

[0068] In this embodiment, multiple ball-head probes 302 can be provided on both the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207, and the multiple ball-head probes 302 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the corresponding base 301. Since the ball cage 104 under test and the standard ball cage 103 have a certain angle relative to the axial floating detection axis 202 during the swing angle detection process, the contact direction between the ball-head probes 302 at different circumferential positions and the channel is different, and their compression may be affected by the swing angle attitude, contact direction, and channel profile. Therefore, in this embodiment, the displacement of all ball-head probes 302 is not used as the effective detection value at the same time. Instead, the displacement of the detection target surface 304 corresponding to the ball-head probe 302 in the detection phase is detected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209, respectively, and referenced. Figure 8 .

[0069] The detection phase can be understood as the phase position of the preset measurement direction. At this phase position, the axis of the ball-head probe 302 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the corresponding indexing table. The ball-head probe 302 in this detection phase experiences pressure in the same direction as the preset measurement direction, enabling it to more accurately reflect the contour displacement of the corresponding channel at the current scanning angle. When the axial floating detection shaft 202 drives the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 to rotate synchronously, the corresponding ball-head probes 302 on both sides can simultaneously enter the detection phase, thus ensuring that the displacement data of the measured side and the displacement data of the standard side have the same phase basis.

[0070] During the channel repositioning process, it is preferable to position the axial floating detection shaft 202, the tested ball cage 104, and the standard ball cage 103 in the following positions. Figure 7 The initial alignment state is shown. At this time, the multiple ball-head probes 302 on the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 are respectively pressed against the multiple channels of the corresponding ball cage under the action of the pre-tension spring 303. Since the channel cross-section is an arc-shaped structure, the ball head end of the ball-head probe 302 can automatically find its way to a stable contact area along the arc-shaped cross-section of the channel, so that a relatively stable circumferential phase fit is formed between the detection head and the corresponding ball cage.

[0071] Therefore, when the servo motor 410 drives the sleeve 405 of the first clamp 401 to rotate for groove repositioning, the axial floating detection shaft 202 can drive the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 to synchronously adjust their phases, so that the grooves of the tested ball cage 104 and the corresponding grooves of the standard ball cage 103 enter the same detection phase. In one embodiment, the sleeve 405 on the standard ball cage 103 side is in a rotatable state, and the second detection head 207, through the elastic contact and circumferential phase matching between the ball head probe 302 and the groove of the standard ball cage 103, causes the corresponding groove on the standard ball cage 103 side to enter the preset detection position. Therefore, even if a servo motor 410 is only installed on one side, the synchronous phase adjustment of the axial floating detection shaft 202 and the detection heads on both sides can ensure that the measured side and the standard side have a corresponding channel phase relationship. If the measured ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 fail to maintain a corresponding relationship during the channel transposition process, the compression state of the ball head probes 302 on both sides will change inconsistently, and the initial displacement difference or the channel displacement curve of the standard side collected by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 will show abnormal fluctuations. The detection unit can determine from this abnormal change whether the channel transposition is not in place or the correspondence between the two channels is abnormal, and output a prompt for re-transposition or recalibration.

[0072] After the channel is repositioned, the detection unit determines whether the corresponding channel has reached the preset detection angle based on the angle signal collected by the angle sensor 411. After the corresponding channel reaches the preset detection angle, the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 are triggered to collect the displacement data of the detection target surface 304 in the detection phase.

[0073] The first indexing stage 101 and / or the second indexing stage 102 may also be equipped with angle encoders. The detection unit uses the angular position acquired by the angle encoder as the abscissa and the displacement acquired by the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 as the ordinate to generate the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel, respectively. Therefore, the detection data no longer simply uses time as the abscissa, but establishes a correspondence with the channel scanning angle, facilitating the positioning analysis of a single channel profile.

[0074] Example 4: Channel contour detection method, reliability judgment and re-inspection comparison; Reference Figures 9 to 12 This embodiment describes the channel contour detection method, the standard side reliability judgment, and the multi-channel re-inspection comparison.

[0075] Before testing, the standard ball cage 103 can be installed on the second indexing table 102 and clamped by the second clamp 402. Since the standard ball cage 103 is a pre-calibrated ball cage and usually does not need to be repeatedly replaced and disassembled during continuous testing, the position of the standard ball cage 103 can be pre-adjusted using the second clamp 402 so that the center of the inner cavity of the standard ball cage 103 is substantially coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table 102. This clamping state of the standard ball cage 103 serves as a reference for standard side testing.

[0076] Subsequently, the ball cage 104 to be tested is installed on the first indexing table 101 and clamped by the first clamp 401, so that the first detection head 206 extends into the ball cage 104 to be tested and the second detection head 207 extends into the standard ball cage 103. The ball head probe 302 in the first detection head 206 presses against the groove of the ball cage 104 to be tested under the action of the preload spring 303, and the ball head probe 302 in the second detection head 207 presses against the corresponding groove of the standard ball cage 103 under the action of the preload spring 303.

[0077] Reference Figure 9 During the clamping and adjustment process of the ball cage 104 under test, the first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 respectively collect the initial displacement of the detection target surfaces 304 on both sides in the detection phase, and the detection unit calculates the initial displacement difference between the two sides. The operator drives the lead screw 407 through the handle 408, so that the sliding seat 404 of the first clamp 401 moves along the guide rail seat 403 to adjust the position of the ball cage 104 under test relative to the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101. As the clamping position of the ball cage 104 under test changes, the compression of the ball head probe 302 on the tested side changes accordingly. When the initial displacement difference between the two sides reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range, the detection unit outputs a clamping alignment signal, indicating that the inner cavity center of the ball cage 104 under test approaches the rotation axis of the first indexing table 101, and the tested side and the standard side enter a comparable initial detection state.

[0078] It should be noted that the initial displacement difference reaching its minimum value or entering the preset allowable range is an auxiliary judgment based on the standard ball cage 103 being in a relatively stable standard side reference state. This judgment does not require the tested ball cage 104 to achieve absolute geometric concentricity in actual clamping, nor does it mean that all displacement differences between the tested side and the standard side must be eliminated during the formal testing process. During formal testing, the effective difference between the displacement curve of the tested side groove and the displacement curve of the standard side groove is retained and used as the basis for judging the contour deviation or allowance difference of the groove of the tested ball cage 104 relative to the groove of the standard ball cage 103.

[0079] During the formal scanning, the first indexing stage 101 and the second indexing stage 102 respectively drive the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 to rotate at corresponding angles. The ball head probe 302 in the first detection head 206, which is in the detection phase, scans along the groove contour of the tested ball cage 104, and the ball head probe 302 in the second detection head 207, which is in the detection phase, scans along the corresponding groove contour of the standard ball cage 103. The first sensor 208 and the second sensor 209 respectively collect the displacement data of the detection target surface 304 in the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207, which are in the detection phase.

[0080] During the formal scanning process, the axially floating detection shaft 202 remains axially floating. The detection heads at both ends are elastically pressed against the corresponding grooves of the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103 via ball-end probes 302 and preload springs 303, respectively. The detection unit can control the first electromagnetic coil 204 and the second electromagnetic coil 205 to apply electromagnetic force to the magnetic disk 203 based on the fluctuation state of the standard side groove displacement curve, or based on the abnormal fluctuation state between the tested side groove displacement curve and the standard side groove displacement curve, thereby adjusting the axial force state of the axially floating detection shaft 202. In this way, while maintaining the axial floating detection shaft 202's floating capability, non-contour fluctuation interference caused by unstable detection head contact, instantaneous impacts, ball-end probe jumps, or micro-movements of the detection shaft can be suppressed.

[0081] Reference Figure 10 The detection unit generates a measured side channel displacement curve based on the displacement data collected by the first sensor 208, and a standard side channel displacement curve based on the displacement data collected by the second sensor 209. It also generates a channel contour deviation curve based on the comparison between the measured side channel displacement curve and the standard side channel displacement curve. The channel scanning angle can be a preset scanning angle range for a single channel, for example, a scanning range from negative to positive angles with the center of the channel as the zero point. For an inner ball cage with six channels, the transposition angle between adjacent channels is 60°. However, the scanning angle of a single channel does not refer to the angle at which the ball cage rotates completely around its own axis, but rather to the relative angle range corresponding to the detection head scanning along the contour of a single channel.

[0082] In one detection logic, if the displacement curve of the measured side channel shifts upward or downward relative to the displacement curve of the standard side channel, it indicates that there is an overall allowance difference between the corresponding channel of the measured ball cage 104 and the corresponding channel of the standard ball cage 103. This overall allowance difference may be related to under-machining, over-machining, or channel depth deviation. If the displacement curve of the measured side channel shows small fluctuations in a local area, it indicates that the corresponding channel has local machining irregularities, local burrs, local transition irregularities, or abnormal surface conditions. The specific correspondence between the displacement direction and the channel size can be determined according to the displacement definition of the ball head probe 302, the sensor installation direction, and calibration rules. This embodiment does not limit its positive and negative directions.

[0083] Reference Figure 11 The detection unit stores the reference curves for each groove of the standard ball cage 103. During the detection process, the detection unit compares the displacement curve of the standard side groove with the reference curve of the corresponding groove of the standard ball cage 103. When the deviation between the standard side groove displacement curve and the corresponding reference curve does not exceed a preset threshold, the detection unit determines that the standard side detection data is reliable, and further generates a groove profile deviation curve based on the displacement curve of the tested side groove and the standard side groove displacement curve. When the deviation between the standard side groove displacement curve and the corresponding reference curve exceeds a preset threshold, the detection unit outputs an abnormal detection status signal, or stops outputting the qualified judgment result of the groove profile of the tested ball cage 104.

[0084] The deviation between the standard side groove displacement curve and the corresponding reference curve can include one or more of the following: maximum absolute deviation, root mean square deviation, local peak-to-valley difference, and local slope change. Through the above reliability assessment, this embodiment can avoid misjudging abnormal detection component status as groove size defects in the tested ball cage 104. For example, when the axial floating detection shaft 202 experiences abnormal micro-motion, the ball head probe 302 becomes stuck, the preload changes abruptly, the first indexing table 101 and the second indexing table 102 rotate asynchronously, the angle signal is abnormal, the groove repositioning is not in place, or the sensor sampling is abnormal, the standard side groove displacement curve may also show abnormal offset or fluctuation relative to the reference curve. Since the standard ball cage 103 itself is a pre-calibrated ball cage, if the standard side real-time curve deviates significantly from its reference curve, it indicates that the current detection status may be unstable. In this case, the detection unit first outputs an abnormal detection status signal, rather than directly judging the abnormality of the tested side curve as a dimensional defect in the tested ball cage 104.

[0085] Reference Figure 12After completing the detection of one channel, the sleeve 405 can be rotated by the servo motor 410 without disassembling the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103, or the first detection head 206 and the second detection head 207 can be synchronously adjusted by the axial floating detection shaft 202 to bring the next set of corresponding channels into the detection position. The detection unit determines whether the corresponding channel has reached the preset detection angle based on the angle signal collected by the angle sensor 411, and repeats the above-mentioned initial displacement detection, clamping alignment judgment, channel scanning and reliability judgment process after it is in place.

[0086] For an inner ball cage with six channels, the testing unit can sequentially store the displacement curves of the tested side, the displacement curves of the standard side, and the channel profile deviation curves for each channel according to their channel numbers. Since neither the tested ball cage 104 nor the standard ball cage 103 needs repeated disassembly and reassembly during multiple channel testing processes, and the same standard ball cage 103 is always used as the reference object on the standard side, the testing results for each channel have a unified reference system. When the tested ball cage 104 is retested after repair, the baseline curves, standard side data, or historical deviation curves of the corresponding channels of the same standard ball cage 103 can be used for re-inspection and comparison, thereby improving the comparability and traceability of the testing results before and after repair.

[0087] In this embodiment, Figures 9 to 12 The curves shown are schematic diagrams used to illustrate the data processing logic of the detection unit and are not intended to limit specific detection values, curve amplitudes, threshold values, or actual detection curve shapes. During actual testing, the detection unit can set corresponding thresholds and judgment criteria based on the specifications, number of channels, channel scanning angle, sensor installation method, and calibration rules of the tested ball cage 104 and the standard ball cage 103.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel inside a constant velocity universal joint, characterized in that, It includes a body (100), a first indexing table (101), a second indexing table (102), a standard ball cage (103), a double-end balance detection assembly, and a detection unit; The first indexing table (101) is used to clamp and drive the ball cage (104) under test to rotate, and the second indexing table (102) is used to clamp and drive the pre-calibrated standard ball cage (103) to rotate in an angle corresponding to the ball cage (104) under test, and the distance between the rotation axis of the first indexing table (101) and the rotation axis of the second indexing table (102) is L; The dual-end balance detection assembly includes a support base (201), an axial floating detection shaft (202), a magnetic disk (203), a first electromagnetic coil (204), a second electromagnetic coil (205), a first detection head (206), a second detection head (207), a first sensor (208), and a second sensor (209). The axial floating detection shaft (202) is mounted on the support base (201) and can slide along the axial direction and rotate around its own axis. The magnetic disk (203) is disposed on the axial floating detection shaft (202). The first electromagnetic coil (204) and the second electromagnetic coil (205) are located on opposite sides of the magnetic disk (203) along the axial direction, respectively, for adjusting the axial force state of the axial floating detection shaft (202). The first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) are respectively disposed at both ends of the axial floating detection shaft (202), and the center distance between the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) is L; the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) each include a base (301), multiple ball-head probes (302), a preload spring (303) and a detection target surface (304), and the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) are respectively used to detect the displacement of the detection target surface (304) in the detection phase; The detection unit is used to determine the clamping and alignment status of the ball cage (104) under test based on the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) at the initial detection position, and to generate the displacement curve of the test side groove and the standard side groove based on the displacement data collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) during the rotation scanning process, so as to obtain the groove profile deviation of the ball cage (104) under test; the detection unit is also used to compare the standard side groove displacement curve with the reference curve of the standard ball cage (103) to determine whether the detection status is abnormal.

2. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first clamp (401) is provided on the first indexing table (101), and a second clamp (402) is provided on the second indexing table (102). The first clamp (401) is used to clamp the ball cage (104) under test, and the second clamp (402) is used to clamp the standard ball cage (103). Both the first clamp (401) and the second clamp (402) include a guide rail seat (403), a sliding seat (404), a sleeve (405), a spring chuck (406), and a lead screw. (407), handle (408) and locking nut (409), the sliding seat (404) is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat (403), the sleeve (405) is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat (404), the clamping spring chuck (406) is set at the end of the sleeve (405), the lead screw (407) is connected to the sliding seat (404) in a transmission, the handle (408) is set at the end of the lead screw (407), and the locking nut (409) is used to lock the sliding seat (404).

3. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The handle (408) is used to drive the lead screw (407) to rotate, so as to adjust the position of the sliding seat (404) relative to the guide rail seat (403), so that the inner cavity center of the ball cage (104) being tested is basically coincided with the rotation axis of the first indexing table (101), and the inner cavity center of the standard ball cage (103) is basically coincided with the rotation axis of the second indexing table (102).

4. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection unit is used to read the initial displacement difference collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) during the adjustment of the sliding seat (404), and outputs a clamping and alignment signal when the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range.

5. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fixture (401) is equipped with a servo motor (410), which is used to drive the sleeve (405) of the first fixture (401) to rotate, so as to drive the ball cage (104) under test to rotate around its own axis and switch different channels; the sleeve (405) of the second fixture (402) is rotatably mounted on the corresponding sliding seat (404) for cooperating with the standard ball cage (103) to adjust the channel phase; both the first fixture (401) and the sliding seat (404) of the second fixture (402) are equipped with angle sensors (411), which are used to detect the rotation angle of the corresponding sleeve (405).

6. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial floating detection shaft (202) is used to drive the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) to rotate synchronously around the axis of the axial floating detection shaft (202) during the channel repositioning process, so that the corresponding ball head probes (302) in the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) enter the detection phase synchronously; the detection phase is the position where the axis of the ball head probe (302) is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the corresponding indexing table; the detection unit is used to determine whether the corresponding channel has reached the preset detection angle based on the angle signal collected by the angle sensor (411), and after the corresponding channel reaches the preset detection angle, trigger the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) to collect the displacement data of the detection target surface (304) in the detection phase.

7. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first indexing table (101) and the second indexing table (102) both include a rotary table (105). The first indexing table (101) is connected to an indexing drive motor (106). The rotary table (105) of the first indexing table (101) and the rotary table (105) of the second indexing table (102) are connected by a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt to make the first indexing table (101) and the second indexing table (102) rotate synchronously. The first indexing table (101) and / or the second indexing table (102) are equipped with angle encoders. The detection unit is used to generate the measured side channel displacement curve and the standard side channel displacement curve by using the angle position collected by the angle encoder as the abscissa and the displacement amount collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) as the ordinate.

8. The device for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel in a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple ball-head probes (302) in the first detection head (206) are all slidably arranged along the radial direction of the first detection head (206), and the extension line of the axis of each ball-head probe (302) passes through the center of the first detection head (206); the multiple ball-head probes (302) in the second detection head (207) are all slidably arranged along the radial direction of the second detection head (207), and the extension line of the axis of each ball-head probe (302) passes through the center of the second detection head (207).

9. A method for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel inside a constant velocity universal joint, characterized in that, The constant velocity universal joint inner ball cage groove contour detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1, install the standard ball cage (103) on the second indexing table (102) so that the center of the inner cavity of the standard ball cage (103) is basically coincident with the rotation axis of the second indexing table (102), and install the ball cage to be tested (104) on the first indexing table (101) so that the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) extend into the ball cage to be tested (104) and the standard ball cage (103) respectively; S2, the initial displacement of the detection target surface (304) in the detection phase of the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) is collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) respectively, and the difference between the initial displacements on both sides is calculated by the detection unit; S3, adjust the clamping position of the ball cage (104) under test relative to the rotation axis of the first indexing table (101). When the initial displacement difference reaches the minimum value or enters the preset allowable range, the detection unit outputs a clamping alignment signal. S4, the first indexing table (101) and the second indexing table (102) respectively drive the ball cage under test (104) and the standard ball cage (103) to rotate in the corresponding angle, so that the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) respectively scan the corresponding channel; S5, the displacement data of the detection target surface (304) in the detection phase in the first detection head (206) and the second detection head (207) are collected by the first sensor (208) and the second sensor (209) respectively; S6, the detection unit generates the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel based on the displacement data, and obtains the channel profile deviation of the measured ball cage (104) based on the comparison results of the displacement curve of the measured side channel and the displacement curve of the standard side channel.

10. The method for detecting the contour of the ball cage channel inside a constant velocity universal joint according to claim 9, characterized in that, In S6, the detection unit compares the standard side channel displacement curve with the reference curve of the corresponding channel of the standard ball cage (103); when the deviation between the standard side channel displacement curve and the corresponding reference curve exceeds a preset threshold, an abnormal detection status signal is output; when the deviation does not exceed the preset threshold, a channel profile deviation curve is generated based on the measured side channel displacement curve and the standard side channel displacement curve. After completing the test of a channel, without disassembling the test ball cage (104) and the standard ball cage (103), the next set of corresponding channels is brought into the test position, and the displacement curve of the test side channel, the displacement curve of the standard side channel and the channel profile deviation curve of each channel are stored according to the channel number for re-inspection and comparison after the test ball cage (104) is repaired.

Images