A sampling device for geological exploration

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and specifically discloses a sampling device for geological exploration, which comprises a base outer pipe, a sampling cylinder is coaxially and closely arranged in the base outer pipe, a plurality of through holes penetrating in the radial direction are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the base outer pipe in a ring shape, a connecting pipe is coaxially arranged on the upper end of the sampling cylinder, a base probe rod is coaxially arranged on the upper end of the connecting pipe, a plurality of gas sampling pipes which are the same in number as the through holes are uniformly and communicatively distributed on the side wall of the connecting pipe in a ring shape, and a lifting gas sampling mechanism is arranged in the gas sampling pipe and the connecting pipe. The application fills up the through holes of the outer pipe and blocks the one-way valve nozzle by the rammer penetration into the stratum and the action of the pressure spring on the slide column, prevents the invasion of impure gas, lifts the probe rod after reaching the depth, drives the slide column to move inward by the pull rope, opens the through hole and the valve nozzle, and makes the in-situ gas flow into the gas bag through the one-way valve, so that the soil sample and the gas can be taken out synchronously by continuous lifting, thereby realizing the synchronous sampling of the gas and the soil and the pollution-free extraction of the gas, the slide column fills up the through hole, and the pipe body is prevented from being broken, and the overall structure is simple and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological exploration technology, specifically referring to a sampling device for geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of geological exploration and geotechnical engineering, obtaining deep, undisturbed soil samples is a crucial step in assessing the physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition of strata. Currently, the industry commonly employs dual-tube casing drilling sampling technology. Its typical workflow is as follows: using portable impact or vibration power equipment, a sampling assembly consisting of an outer casing and an inner sampling tube is driven into the formation. The inner tube is then pulled out separately to obtain soil samples. As the sampling depth increases, the outer casing is extended step-by-step using threaded joints. Simultaneously, after the inner tube is lowered to the initial depth at the bottom of the hole, it is extended using an extendable probe connected to the top, with the probe tip locked relative to the top of the outer casing. The power unit then applies axial drilling pressure and vibration force to the top of the outer casing, driving the inner and outer tubes to simultaneously penetrate into the next stratum. The probe is then pulled out again to retrieve the inner tube and soil sample, and this cycle is repeated to complete continuous sampling of deep strata.

[0003] However, in specific exploration operations such as environmental geological surveys, shallow gas exploration, and contaminated site assessments, volatile organic compounds or other gases of significant analytical value are often present in the pores of the soil. To ensure the integrity and accuracy of the exploration data, it is essential to simultaneously collect in-situ gases while collecting soil samples.

[0004] To address the aforementioned need for simultaneous gas and soil extraction, existing geological sampling devices suffer from the following significant drawbacks: Existing dual-tube drilling tools are primarily designed for coring solid soil, lacking dedicated gas collection channels and airtightness-compatible structures, thus failing to achieve effective in-situ gas collection and non-destructive extraction. While conventional structural modifications, such as directly creating lateral gas guide holes in the outer casing wall to meet gas extraction requirements, often result in distorted mixing of gases from different formations and pose serious safety hazards. Furthermore, because the outer casing must withstand high-frequency, intense vibrations and significant axial compressive stress during penetration, the poor support at the side holes in the casing wall easily leads to severe stress concentration, causing plastic deformation and even fatigue fracture of the casing, significantly shortening the equipment's service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above issues, this invention provides a sampling device for geological exploration. By tamping the soil into the strata, a sliding column, under the action of a compression spring, fills the through-hole of the outer tube and seals the one-way valve, preventing the intrusion of impurities. Upon reaching the required depth, pulling the probe causes the sliding column to move inward, opening the through-hole and valve. In-situ gas then flows into the gas bladder through the one-way valve. Continued pulling allows for the simultaneous extraction of soil and gas samples, achieving simultaneous gas and soil sampling and pollution-free gas extraction. The sliding column filling the through-hole prevents tube breakage. The overall structure is simple and practical.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a sampling device for geological exploration, including a base outer tube, a sampling tube is coaxially and tightly placed inside the base outer tube, the lower end of the sampling tube is open and the upper end is closed, and a plurality of radially penetrating through holes are evenly distributed in a ring on the side wall of the base outer tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper end of the sampling tube is coaxially provided with a connecting pipe, the upper end of the connecting pipe is coaxially provided with a basic probe rod, and the middle side wall of the connecting pipe is evenly connected with gas sampling pipes of the same number as the through holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas sampling pipe and the connecting pipe are provided with a lifting gas sampling mechanism. The lifting gas sampling mechanism includes a sliding column that is slidably disposed inside the gas sampling pipe. A spring seat is fixedly disposed inside the end of the gas sampling pipe near the connecting pipe. A compression spring is connected between the spring seat and the sliding column. A pull rope for connecting the sliding column and the foundation probe is inserted inside the compression spring.

[0009] Furthermore, each gas sampling pipe is connected to a one-way valve at the same radial position on its lower side, and an air inlet is detachably inserted into the one-way valve. An elastic air bladder is sealed to the lower end of the air inlet.

[0010] Furthermore, a tapered cutting ring is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the foundation outer tube. The inner diameter of the tapered cutting ring is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder. The lower side of the tapered cutting ring is cone-shaped. A retaining strip is provided on the inner wall of the foundation outer tube below the through hole along the length direction. A limiting vertical groove is opened through the outer wall of the sampling cylinder along the length direction. The retaining strip slides in conjunction with the limiting vertical groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the foundation probe is coaxially fixed with a second limiting ring and a first limiting ring of the same shape from top to bottom. The upper end of the connecting pipe is fixed with a retaining ring. The inner ring of the retaining ring has a limiting opening. The side wall of the foundation probe is provided with a limiting strip between the second limiting ring and the first limiting ring. The retaining ring is tightly fitted onto the foundation probe located between the second limiting ring and the first limiting ring. The limiting strip engages and slides within the limiting opening.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the slide column, and the other end of the pull rope passes through the spring seat and extends upward to be fixedly connected to the first limiting ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe is equal to the diameter of the through hole, the outer end face of the gas sampling pipe is in close contact with the inner arc surface of the foundation outer pipe and slides to fit it, and the outer end face of the sliding column is set as a curved surface with the same curvature as the outer surface of the foundation outer pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, when the card strip is aligned with the limiting vertical groove and the lower end of the sampling cylinder abuts against the upper side of the conical cutting ring, the gas sampling pipe is coaxially and directly connected to the corresponding through hole.

[0015] Furthermore, if there is no obstruction in front of the slide column, during the process of the second limiting ring moving down and approaching the retaining ring, the compression spring resets and pushes the slide column outward to pass through the through hole until the second limiting ring contacts and stops. At this point, the outer end face of the slide column coincides and aligns with the outer surface of the base outer tube, and the outer wall of the slide column completely seals the upper opening of the one-way valve nozzle.

[0016] Furthermore, when the base probe is pulled upward to move the first limiting ring upward and make it contact the lower surface of the retaining ring, the sliding pin retracts to the radially inner side of the one-way valve to open the one-way valve.

[0017] Furthermore, the one-way valve nozzle has a one-way flow direction from the inside of the gas sampling pipe to the inside of the elastic airbag.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper end of the base outer tube is threadedly connected to an extension outer tube, the upper end of the base probe is threadedly connected to an extension probe, and the upper end of the uppermost extension outer tube is threadedly connected to a cap, the lower surface of which can abut against the upper end of the uppermost extension probe.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (1) The present invention cleverly utilizes the lifting gas extraction mechanism. When the device is lowered and tamped into the stratum, the sliding column always blocks the one-way valve to prevent impurities from non-target strata from entering the emptied elastic airbag. When the foundation probe is lifted at the designated depth, the pull rope drives the sliding column to move inward, opening the through hole and the one-way valve. High-pressure gas from the stratum flows into the elastic airbag. During the subsequent lifting process, thanks to the one-way shut-off characteristic of the one-way valve and the elasticity of the elastic airbag itself, shallow low-pressure gas cannot overcome the resistance to enter the airbag, and the internal gas does not leak out, thus achieving the absolute purity extraction of in-situ gas at a specific depth.

[0020] (2) This invention does not deviate from the dual-tube drilling and sampling system commonly used in the industry, but upgrades its structure. By setting a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring on the basic probe rod, and cooperating with the retaining ring and limiting port on the connecting pipe, the actions of rotating the probe rod and lifting the probe rod in the traditional sampling operation are directly converted into mechanical trigger signals for gas sampling pipe alignment and valve opening and closing. There is no need to add complicated electronic control cables or pneumatic circuits. It is perfectly compatible with the power unit and operation process of existing geological exploration equipment, which greatly improves the practicality of on-site operation.

[0021] (3) The present invention introduces a side hole filling mechanism. When the device is driven downward into the stratum, the sliding column is pushed outward under the action of the compression spring. Its outer end face is perfectly aligned with the outer surface of the foundation tube, which fills the through hole tightly. This design eliminates the stress concentration phenomenon at the edge of the hole when the foundation tube is under force, protects the through hole from deformation, and extends the overall service life of the sampling device.

[0022] (4) The core actions of this invention are all completed by pure mechanical linkage. On-site surveyors only need to operate according to the standard process of lowering, positioning, tamping and penetration, and lifting. They do not need to change their original operating habits. The complex process of in-situ gas extraction and simultaneous gas and soil extraction can be completed automatically. The overall structure is achieved only through the ingenious spatial layout of basic mechanical parts such as sliding columns, compression springs, and pull ropes. The manufacturing cost is low and the later maintenance is extremely simple, making it very suitable for large-scale promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA.

[0026] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the outer pipe and the sampling cylinder of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the sliding column and the gas sampling pipe of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B.

[0029] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the connecting pipe and the lifting gas extraction mechanism of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section C.

[0031] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the extended outer tube and the extended probe of a sampling device for geological exploration proposed in this invention.

[0032] The components include: 1. Basic outer tube; 11. Through hole; 12. Clamping strip; 13. Conical cutting ring; 2. Sampling cylinder; 21. Limiting vertical groove; 22. Connecting pipe; 23. Clamping ring; 24. Limiting port; 25. Gas sampling pipe; 3. Basic probe rod; 31. First limiting ring; 32. Second limiting ring; 33. Limiting strip; 4. Lifting gas sampling mechanism; 41. Sliding column; 42. One-way valve; 43. Air inlet; 44. Elastic airbag; 45. Spring seat; 46. Compression spring; 47. Pull rope; 5. Extension outer tube; 6. Extension probe rod; 7. Pressure cap.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, this invention proposes a sampling device for geological exploration. The main body of the device is a base outer tube 1. A sampling cylinder 2 is placed coaxially and tightly inside the base outer tube 1. The lower end of the sampling cylinder 2 is open to accommodate soil samples, and the upper end is closed. A conical cutting ring 13 is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the base outer tube 1. The inner diameter of the conical cutting ring 13 is strictly equal to the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder 2, and its lower side is conical. The conical cutting ring 13 can effectively cut the soil and significantly reduce the penetration resistance. At the same time, the equal diameter design ensures that the soil sample will not be subjected to radial compression disturbance when entering the sampling cylinder 2.

[0037] To meet the needs of deep exploration, the upper end of the base outer tube 1 is threaded with an extension outer tube 5. The extension outer tube 5 has the same diameter as the base outer tube 1 and can be extended step by step according to the exploration depth.

[0038] A connecting pipe 22 is coaxially fixed at the upper end of the sampling tube 2. A base probe 3 is coaxially fixed at the upper end of the connecting pipe 22. An extension probe 6 for progressively longer extensions is also threadedly connected to the upper end of the base probe 3. A cap 7 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the uppermost extension outer tube 5. The lower surface of the cap 7 can abut against the upper end of the uppermost extension probe 6. When the formation is penetrated, the external power equipment tamps the cap 7. The cap 7 synchronously transmits the axial excitation force to the extension outer tube 5 and the extension probe 6, thereby driving the inner and outer tubes to be inserted into the new formation synchronously.

[0039] To achieve precise alignment of the inner and outer pipe fittings at a specific depth, the lower end of the base probe 3 is coaxially fixed with a second limiting ring 32 and a first limiting ring 31 of the same shape from top to bottom. The upper end of the connecting pipe 22 is fixed with a retaining ring 23, which is tightly fitted onto the base probe 3 located between the second limiting ring 32 and the first limiting ring 31. The inner ring of the retaining ring 23 has a limiting opening 24. The side wall of the base probe 3 is fixed with a limiting strip 33 between the second limiting ring 32 and the first limiting ring 31. The limiting strip 33 is engaged and can slide axially within the limiting opening 24.

[0040] The above configuration is such that the circumferential engagement of the limiting strip 33 and the limiting port 24 allows the torque to be transmitted to the connecting pipe 22 and the sampling cylinder 2 when the upper extension probe 6 is rotated, thereby realizing the circumferential angle adjustment of the inner tube assembly; and the basic probe 3 can independently move axially relative to the retaining ring 23 within the stroke range set by the first limiting ring 31 and the second limiting ring 32, thereby providing power for the subsequent valve opening and closing.

[0041] The outer wall of the base pipe 1 has a number of radially penetrating through holes 11 evenly distributed in an annular pattern. The middle side wall of the connecting pipe 22 has the same number of gas sampling pipes 25 as the number of through holes 11 evenly distributed in an annular pattern. The inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe 25 is equal to the diameter of the through holes 11, and the outer end face of the gas sampling pipe 25 is closely fitted and slidably adapted to the inner arc surface of the outer wall of the base pipe 1, ensuring smooth sliding and airtightness between the two.

[0042] To ensure that the gas sampling tube 25 can be precisely connected to the through hole 11, a retaining strip 12 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the basic outer tube 1 along the length direction below the through hole 11. A limiting vertical groove 21 is opened through the outer wall of the sampling tube 2 along the length direction. The retaining strip 12 and the limiting vertical groove 21 are slidably engaged. When the retaining strip 12 is aligned with the limiting vertical groove 21 by rotation, and the lower end of the sampling tube 2 is pressed down to abut against the upper side of the conical cutting ring 13, the gas sampling tube 25 is just coaxially and directly connected to the corresponding through hole 11.

[0043] A gas sampling mechanism 4 is provided inside the gas sampling pipe 25 and the connecting pipe 22. The mechanism includes a sliding column 41 that is slidably installed inside the gas sampling pipe 25. A spring seat 45 is fixedly installed inside the gas sampling pipe 25 near the connecting pipe 22. A compression spring 46 is connected between the spring seat 45 and the sliding column 41. A pull rope 47 for connecting the sliding column 41 and the base probe 3 is passed through the compression spring 46. Specifically, one end of the pull rope 47 is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the sliding column 41, and the other end extends upward after passing through the spring seat 45 and is fixedly connected to the first limiting ring 31 on the base probe 3.

[0044] Each gas sampling tube 25 has a one-way valve 42 connected to the lower side at the same radial position. An air inlet 43 is detachably inserted into the one-way valve 42. The lower end of the air inlet 43 is sealed to an elastic air bladder 44. The one-way flow direction of the one-way valve 42 is limited to allow gas to flow from the inside of the gas sampling tube 25 to the inside of the elastic air bladder 44.

[0045] The outer end face of the sliding column 41 is set to be a curved surface with the same curvature as the outer surface of the base outer tube 1. When the second limiting ring 32 moves down and approaches the retaining ring 23, if there is no obstruction in front of the sliding column 41, the restoring force of the compression spring 46 will push the sliding column 41 to move outward and pass through the through hole 11. When the second limiting ring 32 moves down and stops in contact with the retaining ring 23, the taut rope 47 just stops the sliding column 41 from moving forward. At this time, the outer end face of the sliding column 41 is perfectly aligned with the outer surface of the base outer tube 1, forming a complete cylindrical surface. At the same time, the outer wall of the sliding column 41 just completely seals the upper opening of the one-way valve 42. Under this design, when the device is driven downward into the formation, the sliding column 41 fills the through hole 11, making it and the base outer tube 1 a whole under stress, avoiding deformation or breakage of the tube. At the same time, the sliding column 41 seals the one-way valve 42, preventing impurities from non-target formations from entering the elastic airbag 44.

[0046] When the base probe 3 is pulled upward, the first limiting ring 31 moves upward accordingly. During the process of the first limiting ring 31 moving upward to contact the lower surface of the retaining ring 23, the first limiting ring 31 overcomes the elastic force of the compression spring 46 through the pull rope 47 and pulls the sliding column 41 inward. When the first limiting ring 31 contacts the retaining ring 23, the sliding column 41 just retracts to the radial inner side of the one-way valve 42, thereby opening the one-way valve 42 and the through hole 11, allowing external gas to enter.

[0047] The specific work process is as follows: Device lowering preparation: Before starting routine sampling or gas-soil combined sampling, the internal sampling component needs to be lowered into the base outer tube 1. Since the sliding column 41 will protrude outwards to the outside of the gas sampling tube 25 under the action of the compression spring 46 when there are no external restrictions, it cannot be smoothly lowered into the extension outer tube 5 initially. At this time, the operator needs to first pull the base probe 3 upwards, and then use the pull rope 47 to slightly drag the sliding column 41 inwards and hide it inside the gas sampling tube 25. Then it can be lowered smoothly. If gas samples need to be collected for this operation, before lowering, first... Insert the assembly of the air inlet 43 and the elastic airbag 44 into the one-way valve 42. Before insertion, the air inside the elastic airbag 44 must be emptied (the operator can squeeze the airbag by hand or use a convenient method such as water drainage to squeeze out the air). During the lowering process, due to friction, the second limiting ring 32 actually presses against the retaining ring 23 and moves down. Although the sliding column 41 is located inside the gas sampling pipe 25, its side wall still blocks and seals the one-way valve 42. Therefore, during the lowering process to the bottom, no non-target gas can enter the airbag from the one-way valve 42.

[0048] Precise alignment and ejection: When the sampling tube 2 is delivered to near the bottom, the operator rotates the uppermost extension probe 6 using a tool. The torque drives the connecting tube 22 and the sampling tube 2 to rotate synchronously through the limiting strip 33 and the limiting port 24. When the rotation reaches a predetermined specific angle position, the retaining strip 12 on the inner wall of the base outer tube 1 aligns with the limiting vertical groove 21 on the outer wall of the sampling tube 2. At this time, the extension probe 6 is pressed down, causing the sampling tube 2 to slide down along the retaining strip 12 until the lower end of the sampling tube 2 abuts and aligns with the upper side of the conical cutting ring 13, reaching the predetermined sampling position. At this instant, the gas sampling tube 25 is aligned with the through hole 11, and the sliding column 41 passes through the through hole 11 under the action of the compression spring 46. Its outer surface forms a complete smooth arc surface with the outer surface of the base outer tube 1. This through-hole action can completely squeeze out the gas remaining in the small space inside the through hole 11, ensuring the purity of the gas collected later.

[0049] Synchronous penetration into new strata: After alignment, the uppermost extension probe 6, extension outer tube 5, and pressure cap 7 are assembled. External power equipment tamps the pressure cap 7, causing all components to simultaneously begin to penetrate into the new strata to be explored. During this high-intensity tamping process, the sliding column 41 tightly fills the through hole 11, making the pipe wall a single unit under stress, effectively preventing plastic deformation at the edge of the through hole 11. Furthermore, the sliding column 41 always tightly blocks the one-way valve 42, keeping the elastic airbag 44 empty and preventing any impurities from mixing in.

[0050] In-situ gas sampling: After the tamping penetration reaches the designated depth, the tamping stops, and the extension probe 6 is pulled upwards for sampling. In the initial stage of the pull, the first limiting ring 31 moves upwards first, which drives the pull rope 47 to tighten and overcome the elasticity to move the sliding column 41 inwards. When the first limiting ring 31 contacts the retaining ring 23, the sliding column 41 completely leaves the top of the one-way valve 42, and both the through hole 11 and the one-way valve 42 are open. At this time, the high-pressure gas contained in the deep formation pores rushes in from the through hole 11 and fills the elastic airbag 44 through the one-way valve 42. The operator needs to wait for a period of time in this state until the formation gas is fully released and the volume of the elastic airbag 44 is stable before proceeding to the next step.

[0051] Sample Pulling: After the elastic airbag 44 stabilizes, continue to pull the extension probe 6 upwards. At this time, the first limiting ring 31 has already abutted the retaining ring 23. The pulling force will drive the connecting pipe 22 and the sampling cylinder 2 to move upwards as a whole through the retaining ring 23, thereby pulling the sampling cylinder 2 and the soil sample inside it out of the stratum. During the upward pulling process, although the through hole 11 will contact the stratum at different depths above, the air pressure is lower as the stratum is shallower, and the elastic airbag 44 has a contraction elasticity. The low-pressure gas in the upper stratum does not have a sufficiently high air pressure to reach the sample. The elastic resistance of the elastic airbag 44 is overcome to enter the interior; at the same time, due to the one-way shut-off effect of the one-way valve 42, the gas collected inside the elastic airbag 44 can never leak out. Finally, when the device is pulled directly out of the ground, the operator obtains the original soil sample and the high-purity gas sample near the location. At this time, it is only necessary to seal the top of the elastic airbag 44 and then remove the air inlet 43 to achieve pollution-free collection of gas at this specific depth and from multiple angles, and the collection of the next layer can be restarted.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0054] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling device for geological exploration, comprising a base outer tube (1), wherein a sampling cylinder (2) is coaxially and tightly placed inside the base outer tube (1), the sampling cylinder (2) being open at the lower end and closed at the upper end, characterized in that: The outer wall of the base tube (1) is circumferentially distributed with multiple radially penetrating through holes (11). The sampling tube (2) is coaxially provided with a connecting pipe (22) at the upper end, and a basic probe rod (3) is coaxially provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe (22). The middle side wall of the connecting pipe (22) is evenly connected with gas sampling pipes (25) of the same number as the through holes (11). The gas sampling pipe (25) and the connecting pipe (22) are provided with a lifting gas sampling mechanism (4). The lifting gas sampling mechanism (4) includes a sliding column (41) that is slidably installed in the gas sampling pipe (25). A spring seat (45) is fixedly installed inside the gas sampling pipe (25) near the connecting pipe (22). A compression spring (46) is connected between the spring seat (45) and the sliding column (41). A pull rope (47) for connecting the sliding column (41) and the foundation probe (3) is threaded through the compression spring (46). Each gas sampling pipe (25) has a one-way valve (42) connected to the same radial position on the lower side. An air inlet (43) is detachably inserted into the one-way valve (42), and an elastic air bag (44) is sealed at the lower end of the air inlet (43).

2. The sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the base outer tube (1) is coaxially fixed with a conical cutting ring (13). The inner diameter of the conical cutting ring (13) is equal to the inner diameter of the sampling tube (2). The lower side of the conical cutting ring (13) is cone-shaped. The inner wall of the base outer tube (1) is provided with a retaining strip (12) below the through hole (11) along the length direction. The outer wall of the sampling tube (2) is provided with a limiting vertical groove (21) along the length direction. The retaining strip (12) and the limiting vertical groove (21) are slidably engaged.

3. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the base probe (3) is coaxially fixed with a second limiting ring (32) and a first limiting ring (31) of the same shape from top to bottom. The upper end of the connecting pipe (22) is fixed with a retaining ring (23). The inner ring of the retaining ring (23) has a limiting opening (24). The side wall of the base probe (3) is provided with a limiting strip (33) between the second limiting ring (32) and the first limiting ring (31). The retaining ring (23) is tightly fitted on the base probe (3) located between the second limiting ring (32) and the first limiting ring (31). The limiting strip (33) is engaged and slid within the limiting opening (24).

4. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the pull rope (47) is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the slide column (41), and the other end of the pull rope (47) passes through the spring seat (45) and extends upward to be fixedly connected to the first limiting ring (31).

5. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the gas sampling pipe (25) is equal to the diameter of the through hole (11). The outer end face of the gas sampling pipe (25) is closely fitted and slidably adapted to the inner arc surface of the base outer pipe (1). The outer end face of the sliding column (41) is set as a curved surface with the same curvature as the outer surface of the base outer pipe (1).

6. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the card strip (12) is aligned with the limiting vertical groove (21) and the lower end of the sampling tube (2) abuts against the upper side of the conical cutting ring (13), the gas sampling tube (25) and the corresponding through hole (11) are coaxially connected.

7. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: If there is no obstruction in front of the slide column (41), during the process of the second limiting ring (32) moving down and approaching the retaining ring (23), the compression spring (46) resets and pushes the slide column (41) to move outward through the through hole (11) until the second limiting ring (32) contacts the retaining ring (23) and stops. At this time, the outer end face of the slide column (41) coincides and aligns with the outer surface of the base outer tube (1), and the outer wall of the slide column (41) completely blocks the upper opening of the one-way valve nozzle (42).

8. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the base probe (3) is pulled upward to make the first limiting ring (31) move upward and contact the lower surface of the retaining ring (23), the slide (41) retracts to the radial inside of the one-way valve (42) to open the one-way valve (42).

9. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way valve (42) has a one-way flow direction from the inside of the gas sampling pipe (25) to the inside of the elastic air bag (44).

10. A sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end of the base outer tube (1) is threaded with an extension outer tube (5), the upper end of the base probe (3) is threaded with an extension probe (6), and the upper end of the uppermost extension outer tube (5) is threaded with a cap (7). The lower surface of the cap (7) can abut against the upper end of the uppermost extension probe (6).

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