A gearbox housing inspection apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the gearbox production detection technical field, specifically relates to a kind of gearbox shell detection equipment and method, the detection equipment includes rotary clamping assembly, impact resistance detection assembly, inner roundness detection assembly and outer roundness detection assembly;Rotary clamping assembly can realize the bidirectional stable clamping of gearbox shell and horizontal, vertical multi-posture adjustment;Impact resistance detection assembly is driven by pulse blowing to impact shell at high speed by stamping part, simulates severe working condition impact load, completes main shell impact resistance detection;Inner and outer roundness detection assembly respectively through self-adapting detection head to adhere to the inner and outer wall surface of pipe cover, cooperate linear displacement to collect size data, realize roundness error accurate detection.The present application integrates strength detection and roundness detection function, high degree of automation, strong adaptability, can effectively screen unqualified gearbox shell, adapt to the shell batch detection operation demand under complex working conditions of loader.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transmission production and testing technology, specifically relating to a transmission housing testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The loader gearbox housing is a load-bearing and protective component of the loader's transmission system. Its structural stability, dimensional accuracy, and structural strength directly determine the assembly precision, operational stability, and service life of the loader gearbox. Currently, mainstream loader gearbox housings adopt an integrated composite structure, mainly consisting of a rectangular main housing, an input shaft housing located on the upper part of one side of the main housing, and an output shaft housing located on the lower part of the other side of the main housing. The main housing, as the load-bearing base, bears the installation and load transmission of internal gearbox components such as gears, bearings, and drive shafts. During long-term operation, it must withstand complex working conditions such as vibration and load impact. The input and output shaft housings correspond to the assembly positions of the input and output shafts, respectively. Their inner and outer roundness accuracy directly affects the coaxiality and rotational smoothness of the shaft assembly, and are key structural parameters ensuring stable power transmission of the gearbox.

[0003] After the gearbox housing is manufactured, it is necessary to use professional testing equipment to test and screen the various performance and dimensional parameters of the housing, eliminate unqualified products, and ensure the production quality of the entire gearbox.

[0004] Existing gearbox housing testing equipment has several shortcomings. First, it lacks a specific impact strength testing function. Loaders operate in complex and harsh environments, and the gearbox housing is highly susceptible to impacts from gravel, bumps, and sudden load changes. If the main housing's impact strength is insufficient, long-term use can lead to cracking, deformation, and damage, causing not only gearbox oil leaks and abnormal noises but also, in severe cases, transmission system failure and equipment accidents. Second, it lacks roundness testing functions for the input and output shaft housings. Excessive inner roundness deviation can cause uneven shaft assembly clearances, rotational jamming, and accelerated wear. Insufficient outer roundness accuracy can affect the sealing and fit of the housing with external protective and sealing structures, leading to water and oil leaks, dust accumulation, and accelerated component aging and damage.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a gearbox housing inspection device and method that can simultaneously perform housing strength testing and tube cover roundness testing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and to provide a gearbox housing testing device and method.

[0007] This invention provides a gearbox housing testing device, which includes a rotary clamping assembly, an impact strength testing assembly, an inner roundness testing assembly, and an outer roundness testing assembly. The rotary clamping assembly is used to clamp the loader gearbox housing to be tested and drive it to rotate horizontally or vertically. The loader gearbox housing to be tested includes a cuboid main housing, an input shaft tube cover located on the upper part of one side of the main housing, and an output shaft tube cover located on the lower part of the other side of the main housing. The outer ends of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover are provided with flanges with flange holes. The impact strength testing component is positioned above the rotary clamping component and is used to test the impact strength of the main housing. The impact strength testing component includes a vertical box, a horizontal displacement driving mechanism, a stamping part, a pulse blowing mechanism, and a stamping part reset mechanism. The vertical box is driven by the horizontal displacement driving mechanism to perform horizontal displacement. The stamping part is internally slidably restricted by the vertical box. A pulse blowing mechanism for pushing the stamping part downward is installed on the top of the vertical box, and a stamping part reset mechanism is installed on the side of the vertical box. The inner roundness detection component is located on the side of the rotary clamping component and is used to detect the inner roundness of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover. The outer roundness detection component is located in the area between the impact strength detection component and the inner roundness detection component, and is used to detect the outer roundness of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary clamping assembly includes a horizontal rotary base plate, a horizontal rotary driver, a horizontal turntable, a first lead screw frame, a first lead screw motor, a first lead screw, a vertical carrier plate, a vertical rotating plate, a support tube, a flange mating plate, positioning protrusions, a first horizontal push rod, a vacuum suction cup, and a vertical rotary drive mechanism. The horizontal rotary base plate is supported by the horizontal rotary driver on the horizontal turntable. The first lead screw frame is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the horizontal turntable. The first lead screw frame movably supports the first lead screw driven to rotate by the first lead screw motor. A vertical carrier plate with restricted rotation is sleeved on the outer side of the first lead screw. The vertical carrier plate is supported by the vertical rotary drive mechanism on the vertical rotating plate. One end of the vertical rotating plate is supported by the support tube on the flange mating plate. The flange mating plate is evenly distributed with a plurality of positioning protrusions that mate with flange holes. The other end of the vertical rotating plate is supported by the first horizontal push rod on the vacuum suction cup.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical rotation drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a gearbox, a steering gear set, a transmission shaft, an electromagnetic clutch, and a support shaft. The drive motor is mounted on the corresponding vertical carrier plate via a bracket. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft via the steering gear set placed in the gearbox. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the support shaft via the electromagnetic clutch. The other end of the support shaft passes through the vertical carrier plate and is fixedly connected to the vertical rotating plate. The vertical rotating plate has an L-shaped anti-detachment ring on the side near the vertical carrier plate. The vertical carrier plate has an anti-detachment groove on the side near the vertical rotating plate that mates with the anti-detachment ring. The vertical carrier plate has a detection window that communicates with the inner cavity of the corresponding support tube. The support tube and the first horizontal push rod on the other side are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical box has a rectangular sliding cavity inside, a number of top ball plungers are embedded in the top side wall of the vertical box, the bottom plate of the vertical box is supported by an anti-collision plate by an anti-collision spring, the side of the vertical box has a reset clearance groove, and both the bottom plate and the anti-collision plate of the vertical box have impact clearance holes. The horizontal displacement driving mechanism includes a second lead screw frame, a second lead screw motor, a second lead screw, and a vertical box carrier plate. The second lead screw frame movably supports a second lead screw that is driven to rotate by the second lead screw motor. A vertical box carrier plate with restricted rotation is sleeved on the outer side of the second lead screw. The stamping part consists of a slider and a punch rod located on its lower side. The slider slides within a rectangular cavity inside the vertical box. The side wall of the slider has a positioning groove that mates with the top ball plunger.

[0011] Furthermore, the pulse blowing mechanism includes a suspension frame, a gas storage bottle, an air pipe, and a pulse air pump. The suspension frame is installed on the side of the vertical box, and the gas storage bottle is installed on the suspension frame. The outlet end of the gas storage bottle is connected to the pulse air pump via the air pipe. The pulse air pump is installed at the top of the vertical box and can inflate the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box with air.

[0012] Furthermore, the stamping part reset mechanism includes an upper frame, a drive steering wheel, a reset motor, a lower frame, a driven steering wheel, a transmission line, and a push block. The upper frame and the lower frame are fixed to the side of the vertical box. The upper frame is movably supported by the drive steering wheel, which is driven to rotate by the reset motor. The lower frame is movably supported by the driven steering wheel. The outer sides of the drive steering wheel and the driven steering wheel are jointly fitted with a transmission line. A push block that extends into the reset clearance groove is fixed to the outer side of the transmission line.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner roundness detection assembly includes a third lead screw frame, a third lead screw motor, a third lead screw, a first push rod carrier plate, a second horizontal push rod, an ear seat, a flip motor, a drive roller, a movable block, an adjustable push rod, and a first detection head. The third lead screw frame movably supports the third lead screw, which is driven to rotate by the third lead screw motor. The outer side of the third lead screw is fitted with a first push rod carrier plate that restricts rotation. The first push rod carrier plate is supported by an ear seat via a second horizontal push rod. The ear seat rotatably supports the drive roller, which is driven to rotate by the flip motor, and the movable block. One end of the movable block is provided with a semi-cylindrical portion, and the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical portion is evenly distributed with roller tooth grooves that mesh with the drive roller. The other end of the movable block is provided with a boss that fixes the adjustable push rod. The movable end of the adjustable push rod is equipped with the first detection head.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer roundness detection component includes a fourth lead screw frame, a fourth lead screw motor, a fourth lead screw, a second push rod carrier plate, a lifting push rod, and a second detection head. The fourth lead screw frame movably supports a fourth lead screw that is driven to rotate by the fourth lead screw motor. The outer side of the fourth lead screw is fitted with a second push rod carrier plate that restricts rotation. The second push rod carrier plate supports the second detection head via the lifting push rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the first detection head and the second detection head have the same structure. The first detection head includes a sliding sleeve, a compression spring, a sliding plate, a cam shaft, a universal ball sleeve, a universal ball, and a distance sensor. The inner end of the sliding sleeve is supported by a compression spring, and the outer end of the sliding plate is supported by a universal ball sleeve via a cam shaft. The universal ball sleeve contains a universal ball that is restricted in its movement. The inner end of the sliding plate is embedded with a distance sensor, which can detect the distance between itself and the inner end of the sliding sleeve.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for inspecting a gearbox housing, implemented based on the aforementioned gearbox housing inspection equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the gearbox housing to be inspected in the clamping position of the rotary clamping assembly. Drive the first lead screw to rotate via the first lead screw motor, causing the vertical carrier plates on both sides to move towards each other, so that the positioning protrusions of the flange mating plate are engaged in the flange holes at the ends of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover. At the same time, activate the first horizontal push rod to push the vacuum suction cup to adhere to the side wall of the main housing, completing the bidirectional fixed clamping of the housing. According to the inspection requirements, the horizontal rotary drive can drive the horizontal turntable to rotate the housing horizontally in the circumferential direction, or the vertical rotary drive mechanism can drive the vertical rotating plate to rotate the housing vertically, adjusting the housing to the specified inspection posture. S2. Drive the second lead screw to rotate via the second lead screw motor, causing the vertical box carrier plate to shift horizontally, adjusting the vertical box and stamped parts to be directly above the impact area to be tested on the main housing; in the initial state, the slider of the stamped parts is positioned and fixed by the cooperation of the top ball plunger and the positioning groove. Start the pulse air pump to pulse the high-pressure gas in the gas storage bottle into the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box. The high-pressure airflow pushes the slider to overcome the limiting effect of the top ball plunger and slide down quickly. The punch passes through the impact avoidance hole and hits the detection area of ​​the main housing, completing the pulse impact test; after the impact is completed, start the reset motor to drive the active steering wheel, transmission line and driven steering wheel to rotate, drive the push block to move vertically along the reset avoidance groove, push the slider and punch to reset, and the top ball plunger re-engages into the positioning groove to complete the positioning of the stamped parts. At the same time, observe and detect whether there are cracks, dents or deformation defects in the impact area of ​​the main housing, and determine whether the impact resistance of the housing meets the standard; S3. After completing the strength test, adjust the rotary clamping assembly to align the input shaft tube cover or output shaft tube cover with the inner roundness detection assembly; drive the third lead screw to rotate via the third lead screw motor, causing the first push rod carrier plate to move horizontally, while the second horizontal push rod pushes the detection mechanism closer to the tube cover port, and drive the active roller to rotate via the flipping motor, engaging and causing the movable block to flip, so that the first detection head is aligned with the inner hole of the tube cover; start the adjustable push rod to push the first detection head into the inner hole of the tube cover, use the universal ball to fit against the inner hole wall, collect the inner hole wall dimension data, and obtain the inner roundness error of the tube cover through data calculation and analysis, thus completing the inner roundness detection; S4. After the inner roundness test is completed, adjust the equipment position, drive the fourth lead screw to rotate through the fourth lead screw motor, drive the second push rod carrier plate to move, and at the same time raise and lower the push rod to adjust the height position of the second detection head, so that the universal ball of the second detection head fits against the outer circular wall of the tube cover, collect the outer surface dimension data of the tube cover, calculate and analyze to obtain the outer roundness error of the tube cover, and complete the outer roundness test.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention enables comprehensive and accurate testing of the gearbox housing's impact resistance and the inner and outer roundness of the tube covers. Through an independently designed impact resistance testing component, pulsed air impact simulates the impact of gravel and sudden load changes experienced during loader operation, accurately screening for hidden defects such as cracks and deformation in the main housing, thus preventing gearbox oil leaks, transmission failures, and safety accidents at the source. The inner and outer roundness testing components respectively detect the inner and outer roundness of the input and output shaft tube covers, effectively solving problems such as shaft assembly jamming, accelerated wear, and sealing leaks, comprehensively ensuring the gearbox assembly accuracy and power transmission stability.

[0018] 2. This invention employs a rotary clamping assembly to achieve precise multi-position adjustment and stable clamping of the housing, eliminating the need for repeated manual disassembly and repositioning, thus significantly simplifying the inspection process. Each inspection station utilizes a lead screw for precise feeding, combined with an adaptive universal ball joint inspection structure, which can automatically adapt to the workpiece's structural dimensions, eliminating manual inspection errors and ensuring stable and reliable inspection data. A single clamping operation can complete all aspects of housing strength and internal / external roundness inspection, replacing the traditional multi-device, step-by-step inspection mode, effectively reducing production costs, and adapting to standardized batch inspection operations on production lines.

[0019] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the overall usage state of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is the overall usage state of the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loader gearbox housing in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary clamping assembly in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the anti-detachment ring in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical rotation drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the impact strength testing component in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical box in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal displacement driving mechanism in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stamped part in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse blowing mechanism in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the stamping part reset mechanism in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the inner roundness detection component in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the flipping principle of the active block in this invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first detection head in this invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the outer roundness detection component in this invention; In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 1-Rotary clamping assembly; 101-Horizontal rotary base plate; 102-Horizontal rotary driver; 103-Horizontal turntable; 104-First lead screw frame; 105-First lead screw motor; 106-First lead screw; 107-Vertical carrier plate; 108-Vertical rotating plate; 109-Support tube; 110-Flange mating plate; 111-Positioning protrusion; 112-First horizontal push rod; 113-Vacuum suction cup; 114-Drive motor; 115-Gearbox; 116-Transmission shaft; 117-Electromagnetic clutch; 118-Support shaft; 119-Anti-detachment ring; 2-Impact strength testing component, 21-Vertical box, 211-Top ball plunger, 212-Anti-collision spring, 213-Anti-collision plate, 214-Reset clearance groove, 22-Horizontal displacement drive mechanism, 221-Second lead screw frame, 222-Second lead screw motor, 223-Second lead screw, 224-Vertical box carrier plate, 23-Stamped part, 231-Slider, 232-Punch rod, 233-Positioning groove, 24-Pulse blowing mechanism, 241-Suspension frame, 242-Gas storage bottle, 243-Air pipe, 244-Pulse air pump, 25-Stamped part reset mechanism, 251-Upper frame, 252-Active steering wheel, 253-Reset motor, 254-Lower frame, 255-Driven steering wheel, 256-Transmission line, 257-Push block; 3-Inner roundness detection component, 301-Third lead screw bracket, 302-Third lead screw motor, 303-Third lead screw, 304-First push rod carrier plate, 305-Second horizontal push rod, 306-Ear seat, 307-Tilting motor, 308-Active roller, 309-Moving block, 3091-Roller tooth groove, 3092-Boss, 310-Adjusting push rod, 311-First detection head, 3111-Sliding sleeve, 3112-Compression spring, 3113-Slide plate, 3114-Magnifying shaft, 3115-Universal ball sleeve, 3116-Universal ball, 3117-Distance sensor; 4-Outer roundness detection assembly, 401-Fourth lead screw bracket, 402-Fourth lead screw motor, 403-Fourth lead screw, 404-Second push rod carrier plate, 405-Lifting push rod, 406-Second detection head; 5-Loader gearbox housing, 501-Main housing, 502-Input shaft tube cover, 503-Output shaft tube cover, 504-Flange, 505-Flange hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a gearbox housing inspection device, which includes a rotary clamping assembly 1, an impact strength inspection assembly 2, an inner roundness inspection assembly 3, and an outer roundness inspection assembly 4. The rotary clamping assembly 1 is used to clamp the loader gearbox housing 5 to be inspected and drive it to rotate horizontally or vertically. The impact strength inspection assembly 2 is located above the rotary clamping assembly 1 and is used to inspect the impact strength of the main housing 501. The inner roundness inspection assembly 3 is located on the side of the rotary clamping assembly 1 and is used to inspect the inner roundness of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503. The outer roundness inspection assembly 4 is located in the area between the impact strength inspection assembly 2 and the inner roundness inspection assembly 3 and is used to inspect the outer roundness of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the loader gearbox housing 5 to be tested includes a cuboid main housing 501, an input shaft tube cover 502 located on the upper part of one side of the main housing 501, and an output shaft tube cover 503 located on the lower part of the other side of the main housing 501. The outer ends of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503 are provided with flanges 504 with flange holes 505. like Figures 5-6As shown, the rotary clamping assembly 1 includes a horizontal rotary base plate 101, a horizontal rotary driver 102, a horizontal turntable 103, a first lead screw frame 104, a first lead screw motor 105, a first lead screw 106, a vertical carrier plate 107, a vertical rotating plate 108, a support tube 109, a flange mating plate 110, a positioning protrusion 111, a first horizontal push rod 112, a vacuum suction cup 113, and a vertical rotary drive mechanism. The horizontal rotary base plate 101 is supported by the horizontal rotary driver 102 on the horizontal turntable 103. The first lead screw frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the horizontal turntable 103. 104. The first lead screw 106, driven to rotate by the first lead screw motor 105, is movably supported in the first lead screw frame 104. A vertical carrier plate 107 with restricted rotation is sleeved on the outer side of the first lead screw 106. A vertical rotating plate 108 is supported on the vertical carrier plate 107 by a vertical rotation drive mechanism. A flange docking plate 110 is supported at one end of the vertical rotating plate 108 by a support tube 109. A number of positioning protrusions 111 that mate with the flange holes 505 are evenly distributed on the flange docking plate 110. A vacuum suction cup 113 is supported at the other end of the vertical rotating plate 108 by a first horizontal push rod 112.

[0025] The rotary clamping assembly 1 is the equipment's load-bearing and attitude adjustment mechanism. It primarily achieves precise clamping, stable fixation, and multi-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment of the gearbox housing, providing a stable working foundation for subsequent testing operations. The specific working process is as follows: In the initial state of the equipment, the horizontal turntable 103 is in a horizontal reference position, and the vertical carrier plates 107 on both sides are in an open state. After the gearbox housing to be tested is in place, the first lead screw motor 105 is started to drive the first lead screw 106 to rotate. Relying on the lead screw transmission characteristics, the vertical carrier plates 107 on both sides are precisely displaced towards each other, causing the positioning protrusions 111 on the flange mating plate 110 at the end of the vertical turntable 108 to precisely engage with the flange holes 505 at the ends of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503, achieving precise positioning and limiting at both ends of the housing. Simultaneously, the first horizontal push rod 112 is extended, pushing the vacuum suction cup 113 to tightly adhere to the side wall of the main housing 501. Through vacuum adsorption combined with flange mechanical positioning, a two-way fixed clamping structure is formed, completely eliminating housing shaking and displacement during testing and ensuring testing accuracy. During attitude adjustment, the horizontal rotary driver 102 drives the horizontal turntable 103 to rotate horizontally in the entire circumferential direction, enabling the housing to complete a 360° horizontal angle adjustment to meet the impact testing requirements of different areas of the main housing 501. The vertical rotary drive mechanism is used to realize the vertical flipping of the housing. During operation, the drive motor 114 changes the transmission direction through the steering gear set, and drives the support shaft 118 to rotate via the transmission shaft 116 and the electromagnetic clutch 117, thereby driving the vertical rotating plate 108 and the entire housing to flip vertically. The electromagnetic clutch 117 can achieve precise on / off of power, ensuring that the flipping angle is precise and controllable. At the same time, the L-shaped anti-detachment ring 119 set between the vertical rotating plate 108 and the vertical carrier plate 107 cooperates with each other to effectively withstand the housing load during the flipping process, prevent the structure from falling off or shaking, and improve the stability of the flipping operation. The detection window on the vertical carrier plate 107 facilitates the smooth entry of the detection head of the inner roundness detection component 3 into the tube cover, ensuring the smooth progress of the detection operation.

[0026] like Figure 7As shown, the vertical rotation drive mechanism includes a drive motor 114, a gearbox 115, a steering gear set, a transmission shaft 116, an electromagnetic clutch 117, and a support shaft 118. The drive motor 114 is mounted on a corresponding vertical carrier plate 107 via a bracket. The output shaft of the drive motor 114 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 116 via the steering gear set located in the gearbox 115. One end of the transmission shaft 116 is connected to one end of the support shaft 118 via the electromagnetic clutch 117. The other end of the support shaft 118... One end passes through the vertical carrier plate 107 and is fixedly connected to the vertical rotating plate 108; the vertical rotating plate 108 is provided with an L-shaped anti-detachment ring 119 on the side near the vertical carrier plate 107, and the vertical carrier plate 107 is provided with an anti-detachment groove that cooperates with the anti-detachment ring 119 on the side near the vertical rotating plate 108; the vertical carrier plate 107 is provided with a detection window that communicates with the inner cavity of the corresponding support tube 109, and the support tube 109 and the first horizontal push rod 112 on the other side are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support shaft 118.

[0027] like Figure 8 As shown, the impact strength testing component 2 includes a vertical box 21, a horizontal displacement driving mechanism 22, a stamping part 23, a pulse blowing mechanism 24, and a stamping part reset mechanism 25. The vertical box 21 is driven by the horizontal displacement driving mechanism 22 to perform horizontal displacement. The stamping part 23 is internally slidably restricted by the vertical box 21. The pulse blowing mechanism 24 for pushing the stamping part 23 downward is installed on the top of the vertical box 21. The stamping part reset mechanism 25 is installed on the side of the vertical box 21. like Figure 9 As shown, the interior of the vertical box 21 is provided with a rectangular sliding cavity. Several top ball plungers 211 are embedded in the top side wall of the vertical box 21. The bottom plate of the vertical box 21 is supported by an anti-collision plate 213 by an anti-collision spring 212. The side of the vertical box 21 is provided with a reset clearance groove 214. The bottom plate of the vertical box 21 and the anti-collision plate 213 are both provided with impact clearance holes.

[0028] like Figure 10 As shown, the horizontal displacement drive mechanism 22 includes a second lead screw frame 221, a second lead screw motor 222, a second lead screw 223, and a vertical box carrier plate 224. The second lead screw frame 221 movably supports the second lead screw 223, which is driven to rotate by the second lead screw motor 222. The rotation-restricted vertical box carrier plate 224 is sleeved on the outside of the second lead screw 223. like Figure 11 As shown, the stamping part 23 is composed of a slider 231 and a punch 232 located on its lower side. The slider 231 slides and is restricted to sliding in a rectangular cavity inside the vertical box 21. The side wall of the slider 231 is provided with a positioning groove 233 that cooperates with the top ball plunger 211.

[0029] like Figure 12As shown, the pulse blowing mechanism 24 includes a suspension frame 241, a gas storage bottle 242, an air pipe 243, and a pulse air pump 244. The suspension frame 241 is installed on the side of the vertical box 21, and the gas storage bottle 242 is installed on the suspension frame 241. The gas outlet of the gas storage bottle 242 is connected to the pulse air pump 244 via the air pipe 243. The pulse air pump 244 is installed at the top of the vertical box 21 and can inflate the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box 21.

[0030] like Figure 13 As shown, the stamping part reset mechanism 25 includes an upper frame 251, a drive steering wheel 252, a reset motor 253, a lower frame 254, a driven steering wheel 255, a transmission line 256, and a push block 257. The upper frame 251 and the lower frame 254 are fixed to the side of the vertical box 21. The upper frame 251 is movably supported by the drive steering wheel 252, which is driven to rotate by the reset motor 253. The lower frame 254 is movably supported by the driven steering wheel 255. The outer sides of the drive steering wheel 252 and the driven steering wheel 255 are jointly fitted with the transmission line 256. The outer side of the transmission line 256 is fixed with a push block 257 that extends into the reset clearance groove 214.

[0031] The impact strength testing component 2 operates based on the principle of pulsed pneumatic impact. It uses instantaneous high-pressure airflow to drive the stamped part 23 to impact the housing at high speed, simulating severe impact loads to complete the impact performance test of the main housing 501. The collaborative working principle of each component is as follows: The horizontal displacement drive mechanism 22 is responsible for the precise adjustment of the testing position. The second lead screw motor 222 drives the second lead screw 223 to rotate, causing the vertical box carrier plate 224 and the overall vertical box 21 structure to shift horizontally. This allows the stamped part 23 to be precisely adjusted to be directly above any impact area to be tested on the main housing 501, achieving precise point-to-point impact testing. Before the impact test, the slider 231 of the stamped part 23 is embedded inside the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box 21. The top ball plunger 211 at the top of the vertical box 21 is engaged in the positioning groove 233 on the side wall of the slider 231, achieving initial positioning and fixing of the stamped part 23 and preventing slippage of the stamped part 23 when not in operation. After the test is initiated, the pulse air pump 244 rapidly extracts high-pressure gas from the gas storage cylinder 242 and injects it into the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box 21 in a pulsed manner. The air pressure inside the sliding cavity increases instantaneously, pushing the slider 231 to slide downwards rapidly, overcoming the limiting resistance of the top ball plunger 211. This causes the bottom punch 232 to quickly pass through the impact avoidance hole between the bottom plate of the vertical box 21 and the anti-collision plate 213, and impact the detection area of ​​the main housing 501 at high speed, completing the instantaneous pulse impact test and accurately simulating the impact load under actual working conditions. The anti-collision spring 212 and the anti-collision plate 213 at the bottom of the vertical box 21 can buffer the impact rebound force, preventing damage to the equipment structure and extending the service life of the equipment. After a single impact test, the stamping part reset mechanism 25 is activated. The reset motor 253 drives the active steering wheel 252 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven steering wheel 255 to rotate synchronously via the transmission line 256. This drives the push block 257 on the transmission line 256 to move vertically downward along the reset clearance groove 214 on the side of the vertical box 21, pushing the slider 231 and the punch rod 232 to reset as a whole. After the reset is completed, the top ball plunger 211 re-engages into the positioning groove 233, locking the stamping part 23 and preparing it for the next test. Workers can observe the surface of the shell after the impact to determine if there are defects such as cracks, dents, or deformation, thus completing the strength test assessment.

[0032] like Figures 14-15As shown, the inner roundness detection assembly 3 includes a third lead screw frame 301, a third lead screw motor 302, a third lead screw 303, a first push rod carrier plate 304, a second horizontal push rod 305, an ear seat 306, a flipping motor 307, a drive roller 308, a movable block 309, an adjustable push rod 310, and a first detection head 311. The third lead screw frame 301 movably supports the third lead screw 303, which is driven to rotate by the third lead screw motor 302. The first push rod carrier plate 304, which restricts the rotation of the third lead screw 303, is sleeved on the outer side of the third lead screw 303. 04. The first push rod carrier plate 304 is supported by the second horizontal push rod 305 and has an ear seat 306. The ear seat 306 rotatably supports the active roller 308 driven by the flip motor 307 and the movable block 309. One end of the movable block 309 is provided with a semi-cylindrical part, and the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical part is evenly distributed with roller tooth grooves 3091 that mesh with the active roller 308. The other end of the movable block 309 is provided with a boss 3092 for fixing the adjustable push rod 310. The movable end of the adjustable push rod 310 is equipped with a first detection head 311.

[0033] like Figure 16 As shown, the first detection head 311 includes a sliding sleeve 3111, a compression spring 3112, a sliding plate 3113, a convex shaft 3114, a universal ball sleeve 3115, a universal ball 3116, and a distance sensor 3117. The sliding plate 3113 is supported at the inner end of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 3111 by the compression spring 3112. The universal ball sleeve 3115 is supported at the outer end of the sliding plate 3113 by the convex shaft 3114. The universal ball 3116 is movable and restricted within the universal ball sleeve 3115. The distance sensor 3117 is embedded at the inner end of the sliding plate 3113, and the distance sensor 3117 can detect the distance between itself and the inner end of the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 3111. When the detection head is working, the universal ball 3116 directly contacts the inner and outer circular walls of the tube cover, allowing free rotation to reduce wall friction, avoid scratching the workpiece surface, and ensure smooth dimensional acquisition. When there are dimensional deviations or roundness errors on the pipe wall surface, the universal ball 3116 is compressed, causing the universal ball sleeve 3115, the convex shaft 3114, and the sliding plate 3113 to move slightly inside the sliding sleeve 3111. The compression spring 3112 adaptively compresses or extends according to the degree of deformation, realizing flexible fine-tuning of the detection position and ensuring that the universal ball 3116 is always in close contact with the pipe wall surface without any detection gap. This structure can effectively adapt to minor dimensional deviations of the pipe cover, eliminate detection errors caused by rigid detection, and significantly improve the accuracy and stability of roundness detection.

[0034] The inner roundness detection component 3 is used to accurately detect the roundness error of the inner hole of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503. Based on the principles of precise screw feeding, adaptive structural rotation, and universal ball joint contact detection, it achieves full-circumferential dimensional acquisition of the inner hole of the tube cover. The specific working principle is as follows: After the strength test is completed, the rotary clamping component 1 adjusts the tube cover port to align with the inner roundness detection station. The third screw motor 302 drives the third screw 303 to rotate, driving the first push rod carrier plate 304 to feed horizontally, achieving coarse positioning of the detection mechanism; subsequently, the second horizontal push rod 305 extends, pushing the ear seat 306 and the end detection structure smoothly through the detection window. For tube cover inner holes of different diameters, the flipping motor 307 drives the active roller 308 to rotate, and through the meshing of the roller tooth groove 3091, drives the movable block 309 to precisely rotate, adjusting the angle of the first detection head 311 so that the detection head is precisely aligned with the central axis of the inner hole of the tube cover. After angle adjustment, the adjusting push rod 310 extends, pushing the first detection head 311 deep into the inner hole of the pipe cover. The universal ball 3116 at the end of the detection head adaptively conforms to the inner hole wall under the elastic force of the compression spring 3112. Subsequently, the first push rod carrier plate 304 drives the first detection head 311 to move axially along the pipeline. The universal ball 3116 can rotate freely within the universal ball sleeve 3115. At the same time, the compression spring 3112 and the sliding plate 3113 can adaptively fine-tune the extension and retraction according to the dimensional deviation of the inner hole wall, ensuring seamless contact with the inner hole wall of the pipe cover throughout the entire process, and continuously collecting dimensional data at various points on the "straight line" of the inner hole wall. The equipment's back-end system performs calculations and analysis on the collected circumferential data, fits the inner hole roundness error, and accurately determines whether the inner roundness of the pipe cover meets the production standard.

[0035] like Figure 17 As shown, the outer roundness detection assembly 4 includes a fourth lead screw frame 401, a fourth lead screw motor 402, a fourth lead screw 403, a second push rod carrier plate 404, a lifting push rod 405, and a second detection head 406. The fourth lead screw frame 401 movably supports the fourth lead screw 403, which is driven to rotate by the fourth lead screw motor 402. The second push rod carrier plate 404, which restricts rotation, is sleeved on the outside of the fourth lead screw 403. The second push rod carrier plate 404 supports the second detection head 406 via the lifting push rod 405. The second detection head 406 has the same structure as the first detection head 311.

[0036] The outer roundness detection component 4 is used to detect the roundness accuracy of the outer circle of the shaft tube cover. In conjunction with the rotation of the clamping component, it completes the full circumferential dimension detection of the outer circle. Its working principle is simple and efficient, and the specific process is as follows: After the inner roundness detection is completed, the equipment switches to the detection station. The fourth lead screw motor 402 drives the fourth lead screw 403 to rotate, causing the second push rod carrier plate 404 to move horizontally, achieving a coarse adjustment of the horizontal position of the second detection head 406. Then, the lifting push rod 405 drives the second detection head 406 to move vertically, precisely adapting to the input shaft tube cover 502 and output shaft tube cover 503 with different pipe diameters and installation heights, so that the universal ball 3116 at the end of the second detection head 406 precisely fits the outer wall surface of the tube cover. During the detection process, the second push rod carrier plate 404 drives the second detection head 406, relying on the adaptive compensation characteristics of the internal compression spring 3112, to always closely fit the outer surface of the pipe, collecting the dimensional parameters of each point on the "straight line" of the outer surface of the tube cover in real time. The back-end system filters, calculates, and fits the collected data to accurately calculate the outer roundness error of the tube cover, determines whether the outer roundness assembly accuracy meets the standard, and completes the outer roundness inspection operation.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a method for inspecting a gearbox housing, including the following steps: S1. Place the gearbox housing to be inspected in the clamping position of the rotary clamping assembly 1. Drive the first lead screw 106 to rotate through the first lead screw motor 105, causing the vertical carrier plates 107 on both sides to move towards each other, so that the positioning protrusions 111 of the flange mating plate 110 are correspondingly engaged into the flange holes 505 at the ends of the input shaft tube cover 502 and the output shaft tube cover 503. At the same time, start the first horizontal push rod 112 to push the vacuum suction cup 113 to adhere to the side wall of the main housing 501, completing the bidirectional fixed clamping of the housing. According to the inspection requirements, the horizontal rotary drive 102 can drive the horizontal turntable 103 to drive the housing to rotate horizontally in the circumferential direction, or the vertical rotary drive mechanism can drive the vertical rotating plate 108 to drive the housing to rotate vertically, adjusting the housing to the specified inspection posture. S2. The second lead screw 223 is driven to rotate by the second lead screw motor 222, causing the vertical box carrier plate 224 to move horizontally, adjusting the vertical box 21 and the stamping part 23 to be directly above the impact area to be tested on the main housing 501; in the initial state, the slider 231 of the stamping part 23 is positioned and fixed by the cooperation of the top ball plunger 211 and the positioning groove 233. The pulse air pump 244 is started, and the high-pressure gas in the gas storage bottle 242 is pulsed into the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box 21. The high-pressure airflow pushes the slider 231 to overcome the limiting effect of the top ball plunger 211 and slide downward quickly, impacting the vertical box 21. Rod 232 passes through the impact avoidance hole and impacts the detection area of ​​the main housing 501 to complete the pulse impact test. After the impact is completed, the reset motor 253 is started to drive the active steering wheel 252, transmission line 256 and driven steering wheel 255 to rotate, drive the push block 257 to move vertically along the reset avoidance groove 214, push the slider 231 and the punch rod 232 to reset, and the top ball plunger 211 is re-engaged into the positioning groove 233 to complete the positioning of the stamped part 23. At the same time, observe and detect whether there are cracks, dents or deformation defects in the impact area of ​​the main housing 501 to determine whether the impact resistance of the housing meets the standard. S3. After completing the strength test, adjust the rotary clamping assembly 1 to align the input shaft tube cover 502 or the output shaft tube cover 503 with the inner roundness detection assembly 3; drive the third lead screw 303 to rotate through the third lead screw motor 302, causing the first push rod carrier plate 304 to move horizontally, while the second horizontal push rod 305 pushes the detection mechanism closer to the tube cover port, and drive the active roller 308 to rotate through the flipping motor 307, engaging and driving the movable block 309 to flip, so that the first detection head 311 is aligned with the inner hole of the tube cover; start the adjusting push rod 310 to push the first detection head 311 into the inner hole of the tube cover, use the universal ball 3116 to fit against the inner hole wall, collect the inner hole wall size data, and obtain the inner roundness error of the tube cover through data calculation and analysis, thus completing the inner roundness detection; S4. After the inner roundness test is completed, adjust the equipment position, drive the fourth lead screw 403 to rotate through the fourth lead screw motor 402, drive the second push rod carrier plate 404 to move, and at the same time, lift the push rod 405 to adjust the height position of the second detection head 406, so that the universal ball of the second detection head 406 is in contact with the outer circular wall of the tube cover, collect the outer surface dimension data of the tube cover, calculate and analyze to obtain the outer roundness error of the tube cover, and complete the outer roundness test.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A gearbox housing testing device, characterized in that, The testing equipment includes a rotary clamping assembly, an impact strength testing assembly, an inner roundness testing assembly, and an outer roundness testing assembly. The rotary clamping assembly is used to clamp the loader gearbox housing to be inspected and drive it to rotate horizontally or vertically. The loader gearbox housing to be inspected includes a cuboid main housing, an input shaft tube cover located on the upper part of one side of the main housing, and an output shaft tube cover located on the lower part of the other side of the main housing. The outer ends of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover are provided with flanges with flange holes. The rotary clamping assembly includes a horizontal rotary base plate, a horizontal rotary driver, a horizontal turntable, a first lead screw frame, a first lead screw motor, a first lead screw, a vertical carrier plate, a vertical rotating plate, a support tube, a flange mating plate, a positioning protrusion, and a first... The system comprises a horizontal push rod, a vacuum suction cup, and a vertical rotary drive mechanism. The horizontal rotary base plate is supported by a horizontal rotary driver and has a horizontal turntable. The horizontal turntable has symmetrical first lead screw frames on both sides. The first lead screw frames movably support a first lead screw driven by a first lead screw motor. A vertical carrier plate with restricted rotation is sleeved on the outer side of the first lead screw. The vertical carrier plate is supported by a vertical rotary drive mechanism and has a vertical rotating plate. One end of the vertical rotating plate is supported by a flange mating plate via a support tube. The flange mating plate has several positioning protrusions evenly distributed to mate with flange holes. The other end of the vertical rotating plate is supported by a vacuum suction cup via a first horizontal push rod. The impact strength testing component is positioned above the rotary clamping component and is used to test the impact strength of the main housing. The impact strength testing component includes a vertical box, a horizontal displacement driving mechanism, a stamped part, a pulse air blowing mechanism, and a stamped part reset mechanism. The vertical box is driven by the horizontal displacement driving mechanism to move horizontally. The stamped part is internally slidably restricted within the vertical box. A pulse air blowing mechanism is installed on the top of the vertical box to push the stamped part downwards. A stamped part reset mechanism is installed on the side of the vertical box. The vertical box has a rectangular sliding cavity inside. Several ball plungers are embedded in the top side wall of the vertical box. The bottom plate of the vertical box is supported by an anti-collision plate via anti-collision springs. A reset clearance groove is provided on the side of the vertical box. Both the bottom plate and the anti-collision plate of the vertical box have punches. The horizontal displacement driving mechanism includes a second lead screw frame, a second lead screw motor, a second lead screw, and a vertical box carrier plate. The second lead screw frame movably supports the second lead screw, which is driven to rotate by the second lead screw motor. The outer side of the second lead screw is fitted with a vertical box carrier plate that restricts rotation. The stamping part consists of a slider and a punch rod located on its lower side. The slider slides within a rectangular sliding cavity inside the vertical box. The side wall of the slider has a positioning groove that mates with the top ball plunger. The pulse blowing mechanism includes a suspension frame, a gas cylinder, an air pipe, and a pulse air pump. The suspension frame is installed on the side of the vertical box. A gas cylinder is installed on the suspension frame. The outlet of the gas cylinder is connected to the pulse air pump via an air pipe. The pulse air pump is installed at the top of the vertical box and can inflate the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box. The inner roundness detection component is located on the side of the rotary clamping component and is used to detect the inner roundness of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover. The outer roundness detection component is located in the area between the impact strength detection component and the inner roundness detection component, and is used to detect the outer roundness of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover.

2. The gearbox housing testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical rotation drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a gearbox, a steering gear set, a transmission shaft, an electromagnetic clutch, and a support shaft. The drive motor is mounted on a corresponding vertical carrier plate via a bracket. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the transmission shaft via the steering gear set located in the gearbox. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the support shaft via the electromagnetic clutch. The other end of the support shaft passes through the vertical carrier plate and is fixedly connected to the vertical rotating plate. The vertical rotating plate has an L-shaped anti-detachment ring on the side near the vertical carrier plate. The vertical carrier plate has an anti-detachment groove on the side near the vertical rotating plate that mates with the anti-detachment ring. The vertical carrier plate has a detection window that communicates with the inner cavity of the corresponding support tube. The support tube and the first horizontal push rod on the other side are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the support shaft.

3. The gearbox housing testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stamping part reset mechanism includes an upper frame, a drive steering wheel, a reset motor, a lower frame, a driven steering wheel, a transmission line, and a push block. The upper frame and the lower frame are fixed to the side of the vertical box. The upper frame is movably supported by the drive steering wheel, which is driven to rotate by the reset motor. The lower frame is movably supported by the driven steering wheel. The drive steering wheel and the driven steering wheel are both sleeved on the outer side. A push block that extends into the reset clearance groove is fixed on the outer side of the transmission line.

4. The gearbox housing testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner roundness detection assembly includes a third lead screw frame, a third lead screw motor, a third lead screw, a first push rod carrier plate, a second horizontal push rod, an ear seat, a flip motor, a drive roller, a movable block, an adjustable push rod, and a first detection head. The third lead screw frame movably supports the third lead screw, which is driven to rotate by the third lead screw motor. The outer side of the third lead screw is fitted with a first push rod carrier plate that restricts rotation. The first push rod carrier plate is supported by an ear seat via a second horizontal push rod. The ear seat rotatably supports the drive roller, which is driven to rotate by the flip motor, and the movable block. One end of the movable block has a semi-cylindrical portion, and the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical portion is evenly distributed with roller tooth grooves that mesh with the drive roller. The other end of the movable block has a boss for fixing the adjustable push rod. The movable end of the adjustable push rod is equipped with the first detection head.

5. The gearbox housing testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer roundness detection assembly includes a fourth lead screw frame, a fourth lead screw motor, a fourth lead screw, a second push rod carrier plate, a lifting push rod, and a second detection head. The fourth lead screw frame movably supports the fourth lead screw, which is driven to rotate by the fourth lead screw motor. The outer side of the fourth lead screw is fitted with a second push rod carrier plate that restricts rotation. The second push rod carrier plate supports the second detection head via the lifting push rod.

6. The gearbox housing testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first detection head and the second detection head have the same structure. The first detection head includes a sliding sleeve, a compression spring, a sliding plate, a cam shaft, a universal ball sleeve, a universal ball, and a distance sensor. The sliding plate is supported by the compression spring at the inner end of the sliding sleeve, and the universal ball sleeve is supported by the cam shaft at the outer end of the sliding plate. The universal ball sleeve has a universal ball that is restricted in its movement. The distance sensor is embedded in the inner end of the sliding plate and can detect the distance between itself and the inner end of the sliding sleeve.

7. A method for inspecting a transmission housing, implemented based on the transmission housing inspection equipment described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the gearbox housing to be inspected in the clamping position of the rotary clamping assembly. Drive the first lead screw to rotate via the first lead screw motor, causing the vertical carrier plates on both sides to move towards each other, so that the positioning protrusions of the flange mating plate are engaged in the flange holes at the ends of the input shaft tube cover and the output shaft tube cover. At the same time, activate the first horizontal push rod to push the vacuum suction cup to adhere to the side wall of the main housing, completing the bidirectional fixed clamping of the housing. According to the inspection requirements, the horizontal rotary drive can drive the horizontal turntable to rotate the housing horizontally in the circumferential direction, or the vertical rotary drive mechanism can drive the vertical rotating plate to rotate the housing vertically, adjusting the housing to the specified inspection posture. S2. Drive the second lead screw to rotate via the second lead screw motor, causing the vertical box carrier plate to shift horizontally, adjusting the vertical box and stamped parts to be directly above the impact area to be tested on the main housing; in the initial state, the slider of the stamped parts is positioned and fixed by the cooperation of the top ball plunger and the positioning groove. Start the pulse air pump to pulse the high-pressure gas in the gas storage bottle into the rectangular sliding cavity of the vertical box. The high-pressure airflow pushes the slider to overcome the limiting effect of the top ball plunger and slide down quickly. The punch passes through the impact avoidance hole and hits the detection area of ​​the main housing, completing the pulse impact test; after the impact is completed, start the reset motor to drive the active steering wheel, transmission line and driven steering wheel to rotate, drive the push block to move vertically along the reset avoidance groove, push the slider and punch to reset, and the top ball plunger re-engages into the positioning groove to complete the positioning of the stamped parts. At the same time, observe and detect whether there are cracks, dents or deformation defects in the impact area of ​​the main housing, and determine whether the impact resistance of the housing meets the standard; S3. After completing the strength test, adjust the rotary clamping assembly to align the input shaft tube cover or output shaft tube cover with the inner roundness detection assembly; drive the third lead screw to rotate via the third lead screw motor, causing the first push rod carrier plate to move horizontally, while the second horizontal push rod pushes the detection mechanism closer to the tube cover port, and drive the active roller to rotate via the flipping motor, engaging and causing the movable block to flip, so that the first detection head is aligned with the inner hole of the tube cover; start the adjustable push rod to push the first detection head into the inner hole of the tube cover, use the universal ball to fit against the inner hole wall, collect the inner hole wall dimension data, and obtain the inner roundness error of the tube cover through data calculation and analysis, thus completing the inner roundness detection; S4. After the inner roundness test is completed, adjust the equipment position, drive the fourth lead screw to rotate through the fourth lead screw motor, drive the second push rod carrier plate to move, and at the same time raise and lower the push rod to adjust the height position of the second detection head, so that the universal ball of the second detection head fits against the outer circular wall of the tube cover, collect the outer surface dimension data of the tube cover, calculate and analyze to obtain the outer roundness error of the tube cover, and complete the outer roundness test.

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