A high voltage switch and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage switch and a use method thereof. The high-voltage switch comprises a protection resistor, a conductive assembly, a common electrode assembly, a high-voltage electrode plate, a low-voltage electrode plate, a transmission mechanism and an insulating support assembly. The common electrode assembly is divided into a fixed part and a moving part, and is arranged from top to bottom along an axial direction. The through holes of the fixed part, the high-voltage electrode plate, the moving part and the low-voltage electrode plate are coaxially aligned to form an axial penetration structure, thereby providing a convenient, reliable and non-degrading connection mode for the uniformity of the electric field between the protection resistor and the moving part. Meanwhile, the axial conductive channel formed by the penetration structure and the conductive assembly realizes the integrated connection of the protection resistor and the common electrode of the switch, the wiring path is direct, the wiring is compact, and the connection is easy. The application considers the protection resistor connection, the insulating support and the double-throw switching function from the high-voltage switch body structure, and is suitable for being used as a high-voltage switch special for polarization / depolarization current test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage electrical and insulation testing technology, and in particular to a high-voltage switch and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In electrical equipment insulation diagnosis and electrical performance testing of insulating materials, polarization / depolarization current (PDC) testing is an important non-destructive testing method. This method polarizes the insulator under test by applying a high-voltage DC voltage, and then grounds it to measure the depolarization current, thereby assessing the insulation state of the insulator. In existing polarization / depolarization current test circuits, a cascaded DC high-voltage generator is typically used to provide the test voltage, which is connected to the device under test via a protective resistor and a single-pole double-throw high-voltage switch. During the polarization test, the high-voltage electrode is short-circuited with the common electrode (movable electrode) and is at a high potential, while the low-voltage electrode is grounded; during the depolarization test, the low-voltage electrode is short-circuited with the common electrode and is at a low potential, while the high-voltage electrode is at a high potential. Because the polarization / depolarization current is a slow polarization current and is very weak, generally below the microampere level, or even reaching the picoampere level, a higher test voltage, such as tens of kilovolts or higher, is required to improve the sensitivity of the test. However, current high-voltage switches have many shortcomings, making it difficult to achieve more accurate polarization / depolarization current testing: (1) Traditional high-voltage circuit breakers or disconnectors are mainly designed for high-current breaking, equipped with complex arc-extinguishing systems and large operating mechanisms, resulting in large size and high cost, and poor practicality in polarization / depolarization test equipment. (2) Existing double-throw switches mostly set the common pole as the movable pole, making it difficult to connect the movable pole to the high-voltage lead, and it is even more difficult to connect it to the protection resistor for testing. The overall integrity of the high-voltage switch and the protection resistor combination is poor. (3) Using a simple knife-edge structure or rigid linkage to drive the movable pole, when used under high voltage, the mechanical linkage needs to be long. Due to the limitations of machining tolerances, thermal expansion and contraction, and deformation effects of long-term use, the rigid linkage often cannot simultaneously ensure the accurate positioning of the two positions of "high-voltage closing" and "grounding opening". This leads to contact noise caused by poor contact of the contacts, which seriously interferes with the accuracy of measuring weak polarization / depolarization current. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a high-voltage switch and its method of use, to solve the problems of poor practicality of existing high-voltage switches and difficulties in connecting the movable pole to the protective resistor.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A high-voltage switch, comprising: Protective resistor; A conductive component connected to the protective resistor; A common electrode assembly includes a fixed part and a movable part, the movable part being movable relative to the fixed part, and the fixed part and the movable part maintaining an electrical connection through the conductive component during the movement; A high-voltage electrode plate has a first through hole for the conductive component to pass through, and the high-voltage electrode plate is used to contact the moving part to form a polarization circuit. A low-voltage electrode plate has a second through hole, and the low-voltage electrode plate is coaxially arranged with the conductive component, the fixed part, the moving part and the high-voltage electrode plate in the axial direction. The low-voltage electrode plate is used to contact the moving part to form a depolarization circuit. A transmission mechanism is connected to the moving part via a connector, and the connector passes through the second through hole, for driving the moving part to move between the low-pressure electrode plate and the high-pressure electrode plate; An insulating support assembly has an internal hollow cavity for accommodating the conductive components and the connectors, and provides electrical isolation and mechanical insulation support in the polarization circuit and the depolarization circuit.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this application, the width of the movable part is greater than the width of the first through hole and the second through hole, so as to form a surface contact when the movable part contacts the high voltage plate or the low voltage plate, and the movement of the movable part is limited by the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, the conductive component includes a conductive rod and a first sleeve. The first sleeve is hollow inside, with one end passing through the fixed part and electrically connected to the protective resistor, and the other end making slidable electrical contact with the conductive rod. The conductive rod is fixedly connected to one end of the moving part, and the other end of the moving part is connected to the transmission mechanism through a connector, and the connector can pass through a second through hole.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the high-voltage switch further includes an elastic component, one end of which is connected to the connector and the other end of which is connected to the transmission mechanism. The elastic component is used to apply an axial preload force toward the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate to the moving part to ensure that the moving part and the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate form a stable electrical connection in the contact state.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the elastic component includes a second sleeve, an elastic element, and an elastic connecting rod. The second sleeve is hollow inside to accommodate the elastic connecting rod. One end of the connecting element can extend into the second sleeve and is connected to one end of the elastic connecting rod. The elastic element is sleeved on the outer surface of the elastic connecting rod and located inside the second sleeve. The diameter of the connecting element is smaller than the diameter of the second sleeve to form an axial limiting structure inside the second sleeve to limit the compression stroke of the elastic element.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the elastic element includes a first spring and a second spring. The inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with an annular limiting protrusion. The first spring is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod and located above the annular limiting protrusion. One end of the first spring is connected to the connecting member, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the annular limiting protrusion. The second spring is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod and located below the annular limiting protrusion. One end of the second spring is connected to the lower end face of the annular limiting protrusion, and the other end is connected to the lower end face of the elastic connecting rod.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the insulating support assembly includes a first support member, a second support member, and a third support member. The first support member is fixedly disposed between the fixing part and the high-voltage electrode plate. The second support member is disposed between the high-voltage electrode plate and the low-voltage electrode plate. The third support member is disposed between the low-voltage electrode plate and a mounting base located below the low-voltage electrode plate. The mounting base is used to support the low-voltage electrode plate.

[0011] A method of using a high-voltage switch, comprising: Assemble the test circuit by sequentially connecting the high-voltage power supply, high-voltage switch, test sample and measuring device to form a test circuit. The high-voltage switch is controlled to be in a high-voltage conducting state to polarize the test sample, and the measuring device collects polarization current data. After the preset polarization time ends, the high-voltage switch is controlled to switch to the grounding conduction state, and the test sample is depolarized. The measuring device collects the depolarization current data. The electrical performance of the test sample is evaluated based on the polarization current data and the depolarization current data.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, controlling the high-voltage switch to be in a high-voltage conducting state, polarizing the test sample, and the measuring device collecting polarization current data include: The control transmission mechanism drives the moving part to approach the high-voltage plate along the axial direction until the moving part contacts the high-voltage plate and forms a stable electrical connection. At this time, the DC high voltage is applied to the test sample through the high-voltage power supply, the high-voltage switch, and the protective resistor to polarize the test sample. At the same time, the measuring device collects the polarization current data flowing through the test sample in real time.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, after the preset polarization time ends, the high-voltage switch is controlled to switch to the grounding conduction state, and the test sample is depolarized. The measuring device collects depolarization current data, including: After the preset polarization time ends, the control transmission mechanism drives the moving part to approach the low-voltage plate along the axial direction until the moving part contacts the low-voltage plate and forms a stable electrical connection. At this time, the high-voltage switch switches to the grounding conduction state to form a grounding discharge circuit for the test sample to generate depolarization current. The measuring device collects the depolarization current data flowing through the test sample in real time.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application divides the common electrode assembly into a fixed part and a movable part, arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction. The high-voltage and low-voltage electrode plates each have through holes. The through holes of the fixed part, high-voltage electrode plate, movable part, and low-voltage electrode plate are coaxially aligned, forming an axially penetrating structure. The purpose of this penetrating structure is to provide a convenient, reliable connection between the protective resistor and the movable part without degrading the electric field uniformity between the electrode plates. This application is specifically designed for polarization / depolarization tests with high voltage and low current, eliminating the need for complex arc extinguishing and heavy breaking structures. The structure is simpler, lighter, and easier to operate. The fixed part facilitates the installation of the protective resistor. Through the axial conductive channel formed by the penetrating structure and conductive components, an integrated connection between the protective resistor and the switch's common electrode is achieved. The wiring path is direct, the wiring is compact, and it is easy to connect, offering a significant advantage in ease of connection. This application, starting from the structure of the high-voltage switch body, takes into account the connection of the protective resistor, insulation support, and double-throw switching function, making it suitable as a dedicated high-voltage switch for polarization / depolarization current testing.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the contact between the moving part and the low-voltage plate in this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the contact between the moving part and the high-voltage plate in this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the high-voltage electrode.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the low-voltage electrode.

[0020] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the elastic component structure.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of the elastic component when the moving part is not in contact with the high-voltage plate and the low-voltage plate.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state of the elastic component when the moving part contacts the high-voltage plate.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the elastic component when the moving part contacts the low-voltage plate.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a high-voltage switch usage method according to this application.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the test path.

[0026] Figure label: 100. Protective resistor; 200. Conductive component; 210. Conductive rod; 220. First sleeve; 300. High-voltage electrode plate; 310. First through hole; 400. Low-voltage electrode plate; 410. Second through hole; 500. Transmission mechanism; 510. Transmission shaft; 600. Insulation support assembly; 610. First support member; 611. Insulation body; 612. Umbrella skirt; 620. Second support member; 630. Third support member; 640. Mounting base 641, Bushing; 700, Fixed part; 800, Moving part; 900, Connecting part; 1000, Resistance connecting plate; 2000, Elastic component; 2100, Second sleeve; 2110, Annular limiting protrusion; 2200, Elastic component; 2210, First spring; 2220, Second spring; 2300, Elastic connecting rod; 3000, High voltage power supply; 4000, Test sample; 5000, Measuring device; 6000, Ground. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if directional descriptions are involved, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, if words such as several, greater than, less than, exceeding, above, below, or within appear, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0030] In the description of this application, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0031] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 10 The following are specific embodiments of this application.

[0033] Depend on Figures 1 to 4As shown, this application provides a high-voltage switch, including a protective resistor 100, a conductive component 200, a common electrode assembly, a high-voltage electrode plate 300, a low-voltage electrode plate 400, a transmission mechanism 500, and an insulating support assembly 600. The conductive component 200 is connected to the protective resistor 100. The common electrode assembly includes a fixed part 700 and a movable part 800. The movable part 800 is movable relative to the fixed part 700, and during the movement, the fixed part 700 and the movable part 800 are electrically connected through the conductive component 200. A first through hole 310 is provided on the high-voltage electrode plate 300 for the conductive component 200 to pass through, and the high-voltage electrode plate 300 is used to contact the movable part 800 to form a polarization circuit. A second through hole 410 is provided on the low-voltage electrode plate 400, and the low-voltage electrode plate 400 is coaxially arranged with the conductive component 200, the fixed part 700, the movable part 800, and the high-voltage electrode plate 300, and the low-voltage electrode plate 400 is used to contact the movable part 800 to form a depolarization circuit. The transmission mechanism 500 is connected to the moving part 800 through the connector 900, and the connector 900 passes through the second through hole 410 to drive the moving part 800 to move between the low-voltage plate 400 and the high-voltage plate 300 to realize the single-pole double-throw switching function; the insulating support assembly 600 forms a hollow cavity inside to accommodate the conductive component 200 and the connector 900, and provides electrical isolation and mechanical insulation support in the polarization circuit and depolarization circuit.

[0034] This application divides the common electrode assembly into a fixed part and a movable part, arranged from top to bottom along the axial direction. The fixed part, high voltage electrode plate, movable part, and low voltage electrode plate are respectively provided. The high voltage electrode plate and the low voltage electrode plate are provided with through holes. The through holes of the fixed part, high voltage electrode plate, movable part, and low voltage electrode plate are coaxially aligned to form an axially penetrating structure. The purpose of the penetrating structure is to provide a convenient and reliable connection method between the protection resistor and the movable part without degrading the uniformity of the electric field between the electrodes. If both the high voltage electrode plate and the low voltage electrode plate are made into solid discs, the connection between the movable part and the protection resistor needs to pass between the high voltage electrode plate and the low voltage electrode plate. This connection method will cause distortion of the electric field. By setting coaxial through holes and using axial channels for wiring, such interference can be effectively avoided, ensuring the uniformity of the electric field distribution. Meanwhile, a fixing part is set to facilitate the installation of the protective resistor. Through the axial conductive channel formed by the penetrating structure and conductive components, the protective resistor and the common pole of the switch are integrated. The wiring path is direct, the wiring is compact, and it is easy to connect. This application starts from the structure of the high-voltage switch body, taking into account the protective resistor connection, insulation support and double-throw switching function. It is highly practical and suitable as a high-voltage switch for polarization / depolarization current testing.

[0035] Furthermore, the opening edges of the first through hole 310 and the second through hole 410 are chamfered to eliminate the problem of electric field concentration caused by the sharp corner structure, thereby reducing the risk of partial discharge and improving insulation reliability.

[0036] Furthermore, the moving part 800 and the fixed part 700 are sheet metal structures.

[0037] In some embodiments, the width of the movable part 800 is greater than the width of the first through hole 310 and the second through hole 410, so as to form a surface contact when the movable part 800 contacts the high voltage plate 300 or the low voltage plate 400, and to limit the movement of the movable part 800 through the first through hole 310 and the second through hole 410.

[0038] In some embodiments, the conductive component 200 includes a conductive rod 210 and a first sleeve 220. The first sleeve 220 is hollow inside, with one end passing through the fixed part 700 and electrically connected to the protective resistor 100, and the other end making sliding electrical contact with the conductive rod 210. The conductive rod 210 is fixedly connected to one end of the moving part 800, and the other end of the moving part 800 is connected to the transmission mechanism 500 through a connector 900. The connector 900 can pass through the second through hole 410 to realize the drive of the moving part 800 by the transmission mechanism 500 while maintaining electrical isolation.

[0039] Specifically, the upper surface of the moving part 800 is connected to the conductive rod 210 to achieve electrical conduction. One end of the conductive rod 210 is slidably inserted into the first sleeve 220, maintaining a metallic electrical connection between the two, while the other end is fixedly connected to the moving part 800. The lower surface of the moving part 800 is connected to the transmission mechanism 500 via the connector 900; the upper half of the first sleeve 220 is connected to the fixed part 700, allowing potential to be transferred from the moving part 800 to the fixed part 700, and then to the protective resistor 100.

[0040] Preferably, the conductive rod 210 is a rigid metal rod; the connector 900 is made of nylon or polymethyl methacrylate; the resistor connection plate 1000, the fixing part 700, the moving part 800, the low-voltage electrode plate 400, the conductive rod 210 and the first sleeve 220 are all made of stainless steel or other metal materials with good conductivity.

[0041] In some embodiments, the insulating support assembly 600 includes a first support member 610, a second support member 620, and a third support member 630. The first support member 610 is fixedly disposed between the fixing part 700 and the high-voltage electrode plate 300. The second support member 620 is disposed between the high-voltage electrode plate 300 and the low-voltage electrode plate 400. The third support member 630 is disposed between the low-voltage electrode plate 400 and a mounting base 640 located below the low-voltage electrode plate 400. The mounting base 640 is used to support the low-voltage electrode plate 400.

[0042] Furthermore, the mounting base 640 is provided with a bushing 641 to facilitate the insertion of the drive shaft 510. The bushing 641 is used to provide axial guidance for the drive shaft 510, ensuring that the moving part 800 moves axially and improving the stability of the high-voltage switch operation.

[0043] Specifically, the first support member 610 includes an insulating body 611 and a skirt 612. The insulating body 611 is a hollow shell structure with one open end and the other closed end. The open end faces the high-voltage electrode plate 300, and the closed end is located on the side away from the high-voltage electrode plate 300. The open end is fixedly connected to the high-voltage electrode plate 300 through a flange structure. A sleeve nut is provided at the center of the closed end. The sleeve nut is electrically connected to the resistor connection plate 1000 through bolts. The resistor connection plate 1000 is also fixedly connected to the protective resistor 100. The skirt 612 is distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the insulating body 611 and consists of several annular protrusions to increase the surface creepage distance. The first support member 610 provides mechanical support for the high-voltage electrode plate 300 and achieves electrical isolation between it and the fixing part 700.

[0044] Meanwhile, the first sleeve 220 penetrates the center of the closed end of the insulating body 611 and is fixedly connected to the resistor connection plate 1000 through the fixing part 700. As a result, the conductive rod 210 forms an axial conductive channel inside the first support member 610, and the protection resistor 100 is reliably electrically connected to the conductive component 200 through the resistor connection plate 1000.

[0045] In some embodiments, the top of the first sleeve 220 penetrates the center of the closed end of the insulating body 611 and is fixedly connected to the fixing part 700. It is not necessary to penetrate the fixing part 700 and the resistor connection plate 1000. It is only necessary to ensure that the first sleeve 220 and the fixing part 700 are electrically connected.

[0046] The second support member 620 consists of two insulating support members, spaced apart between the high-voltage plate 300 and the low-voltage plate 400. The second support member 620 is used to maintain the electrical clearance between the high-voltage plate 300 and the low-voltage plate 400 and to provide mechanical positioning. The third support member 630 consists of two metal support members, spaced apart between the low-voltage plate 400 and the mounting base.

[0047] The first support 610 and the second support 620 are both made of nylon or polymethyl methacrylate; the third support 630 is made of stainless steel or other metal materials with good electrical conductivity.

[0048] In terms of electrical configuration, the high-voltage plate 300 is connected to the high-voltage power supply 3000, which provides DC high voltage. The low-voltage plate 400 is grounded. The moving part 800 switches between DC high voltage and ground. The high-voltage plate 300 and the low-voltage plate 400, the high-voltage plate 300 and the moving part 800, and the moving part 800 and the low-voltage plate 400 all experience DC high voltage. The high-voltage plate 300 and the low-voltage plate 400 are electrically insulated from each other by the second support member 620, and the high-voltage plate 300 and the fixed part 700 are electrically insulated from each other by the first support member 610. The interior of the high-voltage plate 300 is insulated from the moving part 800 by air. The moving part 800 is insulated from the low-voltage plate 400 and the ground 6000 by the connector 900. The drive shaft 510 is grounded.

[0049] Depend on Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the high-voltage switch further includes an elastic component 2000, one end of which is connected to the connector 900 and the other end is connected to the transmission mechanism 500. The elastic component 2000 is used to apply an axial preload force to the moving part 800 toward the high-voltage plate 300 or the low-voltage plate 400 to ensure that the moving part 800 and the high-voltage plate 300 or the low-voltage plate 400 form a stable electrical connection in the contact state.

[0050] Furthermore, the elastic component 2000 includes a second sleeve 2100, an elastic element 2200, and an elastic connecting rod 2300. The second sleeve 2100 is hollow inside to accommodate the elastic connecting rod 2300. One end of the connecting member 900 can extend into the second sleeve 2100 and connect to one end of the elastic connecting rod 2300. The elastic element 2200 is sleeved on the outer surface of the elastic connecting rod 2300 and located inside the second sleeve 2100. The diameter of the connecting member 900 is smaller than the diameter of the second sleeve 2100 to form an axial limiting structure within the second sleeve 2100 to limit the compression stroke of the elastic element 2200.

[0051] Depend on Figure 6As shown, specifically, the elastic element 2200 includes a first spring 2210 and a second spring 2220. The inner wall of the second sleeve 2100 is provided with an annular limiting protrusion 2110. The first spring 2210 is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod 2300 and located above the annular limiting protrusion 2110. One end of the first spring 2210 is connected to the connecting member 900, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the annular limiting protrusion 2110. The second spring 2220 is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod 2300 and located below the annular limiting protrusion 2110. One end of the second spring 2220 is connected to the lower end face of the annular limiting protrusion 2110, and the other end is connected to the lower end face of the elastic connecting rod 2300. The annular limiting protrusion 2110 serves as a support for the first spring 2210 and the second spring 2220, and provides a limit for their movement. The first spring 2210 and the second spring 2220 are coaxially mounted.

[0052] By setting a first spring and a second spring to provide bidirectional elastic clamping force along the axial direction, the moving part can stably contact the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate in both switching positions, significantly measuring noise and improving the stability of the test.

[0053] The transmission mechanism 500 has a transmission shaft 510 at its output end. One end of the transmission shaft 510 is hollow and is used to accommodate the elastic connecting rod 2300. The transmission shaft 510 is connected to the second sleeve 2100 and the connecting end abuts against the annular limiting protrusion 2110.

[0054] Depend on Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the stroke of the transmission mechanism 500 is greater than the stroke of the moving part 800. When the transmission mechanism 500 drives the second sleeve 2100 to move axially, the second sleeve 2100 drives the moving part 800 to move axially via the connecting member 900. After the moving part 800 contacts the high-voltage plate 300 or the low-voltage plate 400, the second sleeve 2100 continues to move, applying a thrust to the corresponding plate via the connecting member 900, causing the corresponding first spring 2210 (corresponding to the high-voltage plate 300) or second spring 2220 (corresponding to the low-voltage plate 400) to be compressed. The compression force of the first spring 2210 and the second spring 2220 provides a stable contact pressure, ensuring that the moving part 800 forms a reliable and stable electrical contact with the high-voltage plate 300 or the low-voltage plate 400.

[0055] Therefore, reliable contact between the moving part and the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate is achieved through a mechanically preset stroke and an elastic component. This is achieved by making the total stroke of the transmission mechanism greater than the theoretical switching of the moving part between the high-voltage plate and the low-voltage plate. After the moving part contacts the target plate, it still retains a predetermined overstroke, which causes the first spring or the second spring to compress and deform and output contact pressure.

[0056] Specifically, when the moving part 800 moves upward and contacts the high-voltage plate 300, the drive shaft 510 continues to move upward by 5mm, causing the first spring 2210 to be compressed and transmitting the compressive force between the high-voltage plate 300 and the moving part 800, ensuring a reliable metal connection between them. At this time, the second spring 2220 is in a fully released state and will not exert a reverse pulling force on the first spring 2210. When the moving part 800 moves downward and contacts the low-voltage plate 400, the drive shaft 510 continues to move downward by 5mm, causing the second spring 2220 to be compressed and transmitting the compressive force between the low-voltage plate 400 and the moving part 800, ensuring a reliable metal connection between them. At this time, the first spring 2210 is in a fully released state and will not exert a reverse pulling force on the second spring 2220.

[0057] The second sleeve 2100 serves as a mounting housing for the elastic component 2000 and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 510.

[0058] Depend on Figure 9 As shown, this application also provides a method for using a high-voltage switch, which is implemented using a high-voltage switch, including: S100. Assemble the test circuit by sequentially connecting the high-voltage power supply 3000, high-voltage switch, test sample 4000, and measuring device 5000 to form a test circuit. Simultaneously, grounding wires are installed to connect the high-voltage power supply 3000 and the low-voltage plate 400 to ground respectively. Initially, the high-voltage switch is in the grounded position, indicating a grounding conduction state. Figure 10 As shown, one end of the protective resistor 100 is connected to the fixed part 700 through the resistor connecting plate 1000, and the other end is connected to the test sample 4000 through the wire. At this time, the moving part 800 falls to the lowest point and connects with the low-voltage plate 400. Then the first spring 2210 is in a stretched state and the second spring 2220 is in a compressed state, so that the connecting piece 900 drives the moving part 800 to apply a downward force to the low-voltage plate 400, thereby pressing the moving part 800 onto the low-voltage plate 400, and the two form a stable electrical connection.

[0059] S200: Control the high-voltage switch to the high-voltage conducting state to polarize the test sample. The measuring device collects polarization current data. Specifically, the transmission mechanism 500 is equipped with a control knob (not shown) to control the transmission mechanism 500 to drive the transmission shaft 510 to move. By rotating the control knob, the transmission mechanism 500 pushes the transmission shaft 510 upward. At this time, the first spring 2210 is in a compressed state, and the second spring 2220 naturally extends. The moving part 800 moves upward away from the low-voltage plate 400. After a period of time, the moving part 800 contacts the lower edge of the high-voltage plate 300. The first spring 2210 begins to be compressed, and the second spring 2220 begins to be stretched. The transmission mechanism 500 continues to push the transmission shaft 510 upward until it stops after a set distance. At this time, the first spring 2210 is in a compressed state and can continuously apply an upward force to the moving part 800. This causes the moving part 800 to press against the high-voltage plate 300, forming a stable electrical connection between the two. At this time, the high-voltage switch enters the high-voltage conduction state. The DC high voltage is transmitted through the high-voltage power supply 3000, the high-voltage plate 300, and the conductive rod 210 to the first sleeve 220. The first sleeve 220 transmits the voltage to the resistor connection plate 1000, and then to the protective resistor 100. The protective resistor 100 is connected to the test sample 4000, and the polarization treatment of the test sample 4000 begins. The polarization data is collected by the acquisition card (not shown) in the measuring device 5000 and uploaded to the computer for processing.

[0060] S300. After the preset polarization time ends, the high-voltage switch is controlled to switch to the grounding conduction state, and the test sample is depolarized. The measuring device collects the depolarization current data. Specifically, after the preset polarization time, the control knob is rotated again to control the transmission mechanism 500 to drive the transmission shaft 510 downward until the second spring 2220 begins to be compressed and the first spring 2210 begins to be stretched. The transmission mechanism 500 continues to push the transmission shaft 510 downward until it stops after a set distance. At this time, the second spring 2220 is in a compressed state and can continuously apply a downward force to the moving part 800, so that the moving part 800 presses on the low-voltage plate 400, and the two form a stable electrical connection. The grounding conduction state is re-entered, and the test sample 4000 is depolarized. At the same time, the depolarization data is collected by the acquisition card and uploaded to the computer for processing.

[0061] S400. Based on the polarization current data and the depolarization current data, the electrical performance of the test sample is evaluated. Specifically, the computer processes and analyzes the polarization current data and the depolarization current data to evaluate the electrical performance of the test sample 4000.

[0062] This application achieves an integrated connection between the protective resistor and the high-voltage switch by coaxially aligning the through holes of the fixed part, high-voltage plate, moving part, and low-voltage plate to form an axial penetration structure and axial conductive channel. This offers advantages such as direct wiring, compact wiring, and ease of connection. Simultaneously, it eliminates the need for complex arc-extinguishing systems and heavy-duty breaking structures, resulting in a simple overall structure, light weight, and convenient operation, making it highly practical in polarization / depolarization testing equipment. Furthermore, an elastic component is provided between the transmission mechanism and the insulating support to ensure stable contact between the moving part and the high-voltage or low-voltage plate, and to act as a buffer, thereby eliminating the influence of mechanical noise on the weak polarization / depolarization current and ensuring the accuracy of current measurement. The high-voltage switch of this application facilitates integration with the protective resistor to maintain structural compactness while ensuring reliable contact between the plates under high-voltage, low-current operating conditions.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the use of terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," and "some examples" indicates that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-voltage switch, characterized in that, include: Protective resistor; A conductive component connected to the protective resistor; A common electrode assembly includes a fixed part and a movable part, the movable part being movable relative to the fixed part, and the fixed part and the movable part maintaining an electrical connection through the conductive component during the movement; A high-voltage electrode plate has a first through hole for the conductive component to pass through, and the high-voltage electrode plate is used to contact the moving part to form a polarization circuit. A low-voltage electrode plate has a second through hole, and the low-voltage electrode plate is coaxially arranged with the conductive component, the fixed part, the moving part and the high-voltage electrode plate in the axial direction. The low-voltage electrode plate is used to contact the moving part to form a depolarization circuit. A transmission mechanism is connected to the moving part via a connector, and the connector passes through the second through hole, for driving the moving part to move between the low-pressure electrode plate and the high-pressure electrode plate; An insulating support assembly has an internal hollow cavity for accommodating the conductive components and the connectors, and provides electrical isolation and mechanical insulation support in the polarization circuit and the depolarization circuit.

2. A high-voltage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the movable part is greater than the width of the first through hole and the second through hole, so as to form a surface contact when the movable part contacts the high voltage plate or the low voltage plate, and to limit the movement of the movable part through the first through hole and the second through hole.

3. A high-voltage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive component includes a conductive rod and a first sleeve. The first sleeve is hollow inside, with one end passing through the fixed part and electrically connected to the protective resistor, and the other end making slidable electrical contact with the conductive rod. The conductive rod is fixedly connected to one end of the moving part, and the other end of the moving part is connected to the transmission mechanism through a connector, and the connector can pass through the second through hole.

4. A high-voltage switch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-voltage switch also includes an elastic component, one end of which is connected to the connector and the other end of which is connected to the transmission mechanism. The elastic component is used to apply an axial preload force to the moving part toward the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate to ensure that the moving part and the high-voltage plate or the low-voltage plate form a stable electrical connection in the contact state.

5. A high-voltage switch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic component includes a second sleeve, an elastic element, and an elastic connecting rod. The second sleeve is hollow inside to accommodate the elastic connecting rod. One end of the connecting element can extend into the second sleeve and connect to one end of the elastic connecting rod. The elastic element is sleeved on the outer surface of the elastic connecting rod and located inside the second sleeve. The diameter of the connecting element is smaller than the diameter of the second sleeve to form an axial limiting structure inside the second sleeve to limit the compression stroke of the elastic element.

6. A high-voltage switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element includes a first spring and a second spring. The inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with an annular limiting protrusion. The first spring is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod and located above the annular limiting protrusion. One end of the first spring is connected to the connecting member, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the annular limiting protrusion. The second spring is sleeved on the elastic connecting rod and located below the annular limiting protrusion. One end of the second spring is connected to the lower end face of the annular limiting protrusion, and the other end is connected to the lower end face of the elastic connecting rod.

7. A high-voltage switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating support assembly includes a first support member, a second support member, and a third support member. The first support member is fixedly disposed between the fixing part and the high-voltage electrode plate. The second support member is disposed between the high-voltage electrode plate and the low-voltage electrode plate. The third support member is disposed between the low-voltage electrode plate and the mounting base located below the low-voltage electrode plate. The mounting base is used to support the low-voltage electrode plate.

8. A method of using a high-voltage switch, characterized in that, Implemented using any one of claims 1-7, comprising: Assemble the test circuit by sequentially connecting the high-voltage power supply, high-voltage switch, test sample and measuring device to form a test circuit. The high-voltage switch is controlled to be in a high-voltage conducting state to polarize the test sample, and the measuring device collects polarization current data. After the preset polarization time ends, the high-voltage switch is controlled to switch to the grounding conduction state, and the test sample is depolarized. The measuring device collects the depolarization current data. The electrical performance of the test sample is evaluated based on the polarization current data and the depolarization current data.

9. A method of using a high-voltage switch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control of the high-voltage switch to a high-voltage conducting state, polarizing the test sample, and the measurement device acquiring polarization current data include: The control transmission mechanism drives the moving part to approach the high-voltage plate along the axial direction until the moving part contacts the high-voltage plate and forms a stable electrical connection. At this time, the DC high voltage is applied to the test sample through the high-voltage power supply, the high-voltage switch, and the protective resistor to polarize the test sample. At the same time, the measuring device collects the polarization current data flowing through the test sample in real time.

10. A method of using a high-voltage switch according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the preset polarization time ends, the high-voltage switch is controlled to switch to the grounding conduction state, and the test sample is depolarized. The measuring device collects depolarization current data, including: After the preset polarization time ends, the control transmission mechanism drives the moving part to approach the low-voltage plate along the axial direction until the moving part contacts the low-voltage plate and forms a stable electrical connection. At this time, the high-voltage switch switches to the grounding conduction state to form a grounding discharge circuit for the test sample to generate depolarization current. The measuring device collects the depolarization current data flowing through the test sample in real time.

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