A mobile hard disk robustness test method, device, mobile hard disk and test system

Abstract

The application discloses a mobile hard disk robustness test method, device, mobile hard disk and test system. The method comprises the following steps: controlling a to-be-tested mobile hard disk to execute a preset first test mode, and acquiring first performance data, wherein the first test mode is used for investigating interface bandwidth; controlling the to-be-tested mobile hard disk to execute a preset second test mode, and acquiring second performance data, wherein the second test mode is used for investigating protocol overhead; applying a preset channel interference condition to the to-be-tested mobile hard disk, and acquiring third performance data under the channel interference condition; calculating a performance quantitative index representing protocol conversion efficiency according to the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data; and calculating a performance quantitative index representing channel tolerance according to the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data. The method effectively distinguishes the influence of interface bandwidth and host control efficiency on performance, quantifies the influence of channel interference such as cable quality and power supply fluctuation on stability, and provides a comprehensive robustness evaluation index.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of portable hard drive testing technology, specifically to a portable hard drive robustness testing method, apparatus, portable hard drive, and testing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for data storage, portable hard drives have become essential tools for data storage and transmission. Existing portable hard drive testing methods typically only measure absolute transfer speeds using simple large file copying operations, making it difficult to accurately assess the overall performance of portable hard drives in complex real-world usage environments. Specifically, traditional testing has the following shortcomings: First, it cannot effectively distinguish whether slow transfer speeds are caused by insufficient performance of the internal storage media or by low protocol conversion efficiency of the USB bridge chip, i.e., "interface bandwidth" and "controller efficiency" are often confused; Second, it lacks a quantitative assessment of the impact of cable channel quality (such as cable length and impedance characteristics) on performance, failing to reveal signal integrity degradation caused by inferior cables or long-distance transmission; Third, it cannot simulate the impact of extreme conditions such as power supply drops and electromagnetic interference on the stability of portable hard drives; Fourth, existing test results are mostly single speed values, lacking robust evaluation indicators that can comprehensively characterize the protocol conversion efficiency, channel tolerance, and sustained performance stability of portable hard drives. Therefore, a testing method that can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the overall stability of portable hard drives is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a robustness testing method, apparatus, portable hard drive, and testing system for portable hard drives, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that cannot distinguish the impact of protocol conversion efficiency and channel quality, and lack comprehensive robustness evaluation, thereby realizing independent quantification of the protocol conversion efficiency and channel tolerance of portable hard drives, as well as quantitative evaluation of comprehensive stability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: According to a first aspect of this application, a robustness testing method for a portable hard drive is provided, the method being executed by the testing side, comprising: The test device controls the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and obtains the first performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test. The first performance data is used to characterize the physical layer interface bandwidth and baseline transmission speed of the mobile hard drive under test after exhausting its internal cache. The test device controls the portable hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and obtains the second performance data reported by the portable hard drive under test. The second performance data includes the protocol overhead ratio between large block data transmission and small block protocol interaction. A preset channel interference condition is applied to the portable hard drive under test, and third performance data under the channel interference condition is obtained. The third performance data includes: the physical layer handshake bit error rate obtained under physical interference in the channel interference condition, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the portable hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference condition, and the link reconnection time required for the portable hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data, a performance quantification index is calculated to characterize the protocol conversion efficiency of the mobile hard drive under test. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data, a performance quantification index is calculated to characterize the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test. Based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance, a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test is generated. The robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

[0005] According to a second aspect of this application, a robustness testing apparatus for a portable hard drive is provided, the apparatus comprising: The first data acquisition module is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and acquire the first performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test. The first performance data is used to characterize the physical layer interface bandwidth and baseline transmission speed of the mobile hard drive under test after exhausting its internal cache. The second data acquisition module is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and acquire the second performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test, wherein the second performance data includes the protocol overhead ratio between large block data transmission and small block protocol interaction. The third data acquisition module is used to apply preset channel interference conditions to the mobile hard drive under test and acquire third performance data under the channel interference conditions. The third performance data includes: the physical layer handshake bit error rate obtained by statistics under physical interference in the channel interference conditions, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the mobile hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference conditions, and the link reconnection time required for the mobile hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. An efficiency calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index that characterizes the protocol conversion efficiency of the portable hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data. The tolerance calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index characterizing the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data. An index generation module is used to generate a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance. The robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

[0006] According to a third aspect of this application, a portable hard drive is provided, comprising: The instruction response module is used to receive the first test instruction and the second test instruction from the test side. The test execution module is used to execute a preset first test mode according to the first test instruction to generate first performance data, and execute a preset second test mode according to the second test instruction to generate second performance data; The data reporting module is used to report the first performance data and the second performance data to the test side; The portable hard drive is also used to maintain operation under preset channel interference conditions applied by the test side, and to report third performance data through the data reporting module so that the test side can generate a robustness index.

[0007] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a portable hard drive testing system is provided, comprising: The portable hard drive robustness testing apparatus as described in the second aspect of this application; and... The external hard drive to be tested.

[0008] In the portable hard drive robustness testing method, apparatus, and system provided in this application, first performance data for examining interface bandwidth and second performance data for examining protocol overhead are obtained through a first test mode and a second test mode, respectively. The difference between the two is used to calculate a performance quantification index of protocol conversion efficiency, thereby effectively eliminating the confusion between interface bandwidth and main control efficiency. By applying preset channel interference conditions to the portable hard drive under test, third performance data is obtained and compared with the first performance data to calculate a performance quantification index of channel tolerance, thereby quantifying the impact of environmental factors such as cable quality and power supply fluctuations on the stability of the portable hard drive. Finally, a robustness index is generated based on the above two indicators, realizing a quantitative evaluation of the overall stability of the portable hard drive. Therefore, this application solves the problems of existing technologies being unable to distinguish the source of performance bottlenecks and lacking environmental tolerance assessment, providing users with more accurate purchasing guidance and providing manufacturers with product optimization basis. Furthermore, by weighting and summing the indicators and setting preset thresholds for comparison, the stability level can be output intuitively, facilitating the rapid identification of types such as "highly environmentally sensitive hard drives." By using specific data block sizes of 1MB and 4KB for testing, the effectiveness of interface bandwidth assessment and protocol overhead assessment is ensured. By simulating power drops through gradual reduction of the power supply voltage, the working stability of the portable hard drive under power shortage conditions can be accurately assessed. By configuring a protocol sniffer, cable impedance simulator, and anomaly injector, accurate simulation of channel conditions and real-time capture of performance data are achieved, improving the reliability and repeatability of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand this application, making other features, objectives, and advantages of this application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a robustness testing method for a portable hard drive, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mobile hard drive robustness testing device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0012] The technical solutions provided in this application are mainly applied to the performance testing and evaluation of portable hard drives. The aim is to conduct a comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of the protocol conversion efficiency, channel tolerance, and overall stability of portable hard drives by constructing different test conditions and interference environments.

[0013] Terminology Explanation: The first test mode refers to a test task applied to the external hard drive under relatively ideal or preset basic conditions to evaluate its maximum data transfer capability of its physical interface. Its core is to simulate the transmission of large blocks of continuous data to examine the upper limit of interface bandwidth utilization.

[0014] The second test mode refers to a test task applied to the external hard drive under relatively ideal or preset conditions to evaluate its protocol processing and data block management overhead. Its core is to simulate the transmission of small, discrete data blocks. In this mode, the performance bottleneck often lies in the processing efficiency of the protocol stack and the management capabilities of the main control chip.

[0015] Protocol conversion efficiency: refers to the efficiency of the main control unit (often containing a USB bridge chip) inside the portable hard drive in handling the conversion between the host computer transmission protocol and the internal storage media access protocol, and represents the amount of overhead at the protocol level of the portable hard drive.

[0016] Channel tolerance: refers to the ability of a portable hard drive to maintain stable data transmission performance when external physical transmission channel conditions deteriorate, such as voltage drops or signal attenuation.

[0017] Robustness Index: A quantitative indicator used to comprehensively evaluate the stability of portable hard drives. It combines the hard drive's performance in terms of protocol conversion efficiency and channel tolerance. The higher the index, the stronger the overall stability of the hard drive in various complex or non-ideal environments.

[0018] Figure 1 This illustration shows a flowchart of a robustness testing method for a portable hard drive provided in an embodiment of this application. This application provides a robustness testing method for a portable hard drive, which is executed by the testing side and includes: S101. Control the portable hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and obtain the first performance data reported by the portable hard drive under test, wherein the first test mode is used to examine the interface bandwidth; S102. Control the portable hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and obtain the second performance data reported by the portable hard drive under test, wherein the second test mode is used to examine protocol overhead; S103. Apply a preset channel interference condition to the mobile hard drive under test, and obtain third performance data under the channel interference condition. The third performance data includes: the physical layer handshake bit error rate obtained under physical interference in the channel interference condition, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the mobile hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference condition, and the link reconnection time required for the mobile hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. S104. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data, calculate the performance quantification index used to characterize the protocol conversion efficiency of the portable hard drive under test; S105. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data, calculate the performance quantification index used to characterize the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test; S106. Based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance, a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test is generated, wherein the robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

[0019] In this embodiment, the above steps work together to provide a systematic solution to the problems of confusion between "interface bandwidth" and "controller efficiency" and the inability to quantify environmental impact in traditional testing methods. Step S101 establishes a baseline for interface bandwidth; step S102, under the premise that the baseline bandwidth is sufficient, focuses on exposing protocol processing overhead; step S104 quantifies the implicit indicator of protocol conversion efficiency by comparing the differences between the results of S101 and S102. Simultaneously, step S103 introduces environmental factors into the test by simulating non-ideal channel conditions (such as poor cable quality or unstable power supply); step S105 quantifies the portable hard drive's tolerance to channel degradation by comparing the performance differences under ideal channel conditions (S101) and non-ideal conditions (S103). Finally, step S106 integrates the quantitative indicators of these two dimensions to generate a robustness index that directly and comprehensively reflects the stability of the portable hard drive in real complex environments, thereby achieving accurate location of the performance bottleneck of the portable hard drive and objective evaluation of its environmental tolerance. The external joint testing hardware system, consisting of a protocol sniffer, a cable impedance simulator, and an anomaly injector, captures the link data of the mobile hard drive under test when it executes the preset first test mode, second test mode, and third test mode through the protocol sniffer, and obtains the first performance data, second performance data, and third performance data based on the link data.

[0020] Taking a specific application scenario as an example, the test side first sends a first test command to control a USB 3.0 external hard drive with a nominal speed of 1050MB / s to perform large-block sequential read and write operations, and obtains its out-of-cache write speed, obtaining the first performance data, for example, V_seq = 920MB / s. Next, the test side sends a second test command to control the external hard drive to perform small-block random read and write operations, and obtains its equivalent speed of 4KB random write, obtaining the second performance data. Subsequently, the test side simulates channel interference conditions by changing the cable impedance through a programmable RLC network, or by gradually reducing the voltage from 5.0V to 4.6V through a programmable power supply, and obtains the write speed at this time, obtaining the third performance data, for example, V_third = 720MB / s. The test side then calculates the performance data according to the formula (V_seq - V_rand) / V_seq. The performance quantification metric for protocol conversion efficiency, calculated with 100% accuracy, yields α≈6.61%. Meanwhile, according to the formula (V_third / V_seq)... The channel tolerance performance quantification index is calculated using 100% (or a more complex attenuation ratio formula), yielding β≈78.3%. Finally, the test side performs a weighted sum of these two indices, for example (α weight 0.4 + β weight 0.4), and adds the sustained performance score to generate the final robustness index. If this index is higher than a preset threshold, the portable hard drive is determined to be a highly robust product; if it is lower than the threshold, it may be determined to be a "highly environmentally sensitive hard drive".

[0021] In one embodiment, regarding step S101 mentioned above: the test host controls the portable hard drive under test to perform large-sample stress read / write operations in the first test mode and obtains first performance data. The test host, as the initiator, continuously sends uninterrupted large-block sequential read / write primitives to the portable hard drive under test, for example, a block size ≥ 128kb. To thoroughly expose the true performance of the portable hard drive under extreme stress, the total data volume of the large-sample stress read / write must be much larger than the SLC Cache or dynamic cache capacity configured in the firmware of the portable hard drive under test. In this embodiment, the test host uses a continuous data sample of 64GB or higher for uninterrupted write stress testing. During this process, the test host uses internal timers and data counters, or the transmission completion signal captured by a protocol sniffer, to calculate the actual average bandwidth of the physical layer interface after the portable hard drive under test has exhausted its internal cache. This first performance data does not include complex upper-layer file system overhead and directly reflects the baseline physical hardware capabilities of the portable hard drive's internal flash memory chips during full-disk continuous writing, as well as the maximum throughput of the current interface protocol when the full bandwidth is utilized.

[0022] In one embodiment, regarding step S102 mentioned above: the test host controls the portable hard drive under test to execute the second test mode and obtains the second performance data through a protocol sniffer. After completing the benchmark test, the test host switches to the second test mode. This mode mainly simulates the scenario of transmitting a large number of small file fragments in daily user use, such as operating system log reading and writing, compiling small file code, etc. The test host issues dense small block file continuous random read and write commands to the portable hard drive under test, for example, 4KB random read and write, queue depth QD=32. At this time, although the physical layer clock frequency does not change, the small file transmission will cause high-frequency handshake switching. The protocol sniffer captures the data link in the communication channel in real time and strips off the data payload, specifically parsing the transaction control overhead packets of the link layer and protocol layer, such as IN / OUT transaction packets, ACK / NAK response frames in the USB protocol, and command trace frames in the UASP protocol. The second performance data is calculated through the data link captured by the protocol sniffer. Meanwhile, by analyzing the ratio of control frames to data frames, the protocol overhead ratio α is calculated, and its mathematical formula is as follows: in, The total physical channel time detected by the protocol sniffer that is solely due to command handshakes and protocol interactions; This represents the total duration of the test cycle. This metric accurately quantifies the burden that protocol encapsulation places on the system in small file scenarios.

[0023] In one embodiment, regarding step S103 mentioned above: the test host applies physical interference and abnormal level conditions through a cable impedance simulator and an anomaly injector to generate third-party performance data. This step is used to simulate complex, non-ideal user environments in reality, such as using inferior counterfeit cables, or insufficient USB power supply and voltage fluctuations due to aging of the computer motherboard. The test host sends control commands to the cable impedance simulator to adjust its internal programmable RLC network to a preset high impedance and high attenuation state, artificially creating signal integrity degradation and channel attenuation. At the same time, the anomaly injector is controlled to apply sudden voltage drop interference to the power supply circuit, for example, instantly dropping the voltage from the standard 5.0V to 4.4V for 500ms. Under this harsh environment, the controller of the mobile hard drive under test is prone to internal digital circuit reset due to voltage instability, or a large number of physical layer errors due to channel attenuation. This invention completely abandons the impractical logic of relying on "the mobile hard drive itself to report data," and instead relies entirely on external protocol sniffers and the test host for active monitoring and closed-loop capture. Specifically, when interference is applied, the test host continuously sends probe commands, and the protocol sniffer monitors in real time whether the link layer triggers re-training and whether a loss of sync occurs, and records CRC errors and link layer bit error rate (BER) captured on the high-speed differential link. Once a link disconnect occurs, the test host immediately starts a high-precision hardware timer to record the "link reconnection time" from disconnecting from the external hard drive to recompleting the physical layer handshake and restoring the READY state; if the link does not disconnect but the link quality deteriorates, the current "handshake BER" ​​is recorded. The aforementioned link reconnection time and handshake BER together constitute the third performance data.

[0024] Specifically, in the step of applying the aforementioned channel interference conditions, in order to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the anti-interference capability and stability of the mobile hard drive under test in a non-ideal usage environment from multiple dimensions such as physical signal transmission, electrical characteristics of power supply voltage fluctuations, and link layer self-healing capability, this solution defines and acquires third performance data. The third performance data includes physical layer handshake bit error rate, minimum voltage tolerance threshold, and link reconnection time. Its specific testing acquisition logic and technical content are as follows: The physical layer handshake error rate is statistically obtained under physical interference conditions in the channel interference scenario. In practical applications, users often use damaged, excessively long, or unshielded inferior connection cables, causing severe channel attenuation and reflection of differential signals in high-speed transmission channels. Therefore, the preset channel interference conditions in this embodiment include physical interference. The physical interference is introduced through a cable impedance simulator in the test system. The impedance simulator, such as a programmable RLC attenuation network, is mainly used to simulate a harsh physical channel with high impedance and strong high-frequency attenuation. When the mobile hard drive under test performs read and write transactions under this physical interference, the protocol sniffer connected in parallel on the bus is in a passive listening state, capturing and parsing the underlying physical bit stream on the differential channel in real time. By decoding the data frames of the physical layer, the protocol sniffer calculates the proportion of the number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error packets, the number of loss of sync (LOS) words, or the number of physical layer decoding error bits caused by channel attenuation to the total number of transmitted bits within the preset test period, thereby statistically obtaining the physical layer handshake error rate. This bit error rate metric can directly and quantitatively reflect the error correction and signal reconstruction capabilities of the internal controller and front-end physical layer chip (PHY) of the mobile hard drive under test in poor channel conditions.

[0025] The minimum voltage tolerance threshold for the portable hard drive under test to experience a disk drop and reset under abnormal voltage levels during channel interference conditions. As a typical bus-powered peripheral, the operational stability of a portable hard drive is highly dependent on the power supply quality of the host interface. In reality, due to aging of the computer motherboard, transient power supply overload, or multiple peripherals competing for power, significant fluctuations or transient drops in the VBUS power supply voltage are easily caused. Therefore, the preset channel interference conditions in this embodiment also include abnormal voltage levels. These abnormal voltage levels are introduced through an abnormality injector (voltage modulation module) connected in series in the power supply path. Under the control of the test host, the VBUS voltage supplied to the portable hard drive under test is dynamically reduced, for example, from the standard 5.0V, in 0.1V steps. When the power supply voltage drops to a certain level, due to the excessively low voltage, it will trigger the undervoltage lockout (UVLO) protection of the portable hard drive's internal controller, bridge chip, or power management chip (PMIC), or cause its internal digital logic to reset. On the bus, this manifests as a momentary disconnection of the device and the disappearance of the handshake signal, i.e., a "disk drop and reset." At the moment the disk failure is detected, the test host or anomaly injector records the actual bias voltage value applied at that time. This value is the minimum voltage tolerance threshold. The lower this threshold, the stronger the external hard drive's wide voltage adaptability and electrical robustness to low voltage and unstable power supply environments.

[0026] The test device's reconnection time is the time required for the mobile hard drive under test to re-complete the physical layer handshake and return to a ready state after the link is disconnected. In non-ideal user environments, transient electromagnetic interference or poor contact jitter may cause the link to disconnect momentarily. For users, the ability of a device to "quickly self-heal" after the interference is eliminated to avoid operating system crashes or complete transmission errors is a core user experience indicator of its robustness. Based on this, in the test scheme of this invention, once the mobile hard drive under test is detected to have a link disconnection (LinkDown) due to the aforementioned physical interference or abnormal level, the test system will immediately eliminate the interference (e.g., instantly restore the voltage to the standard 5.0V, and adjust the impedance network back to the zero-attenuation reference state), and the high-precision hardware timer of the test host will immediately start timing. After power and channel restoration, the internal firmware of the mobile hard drive under test begins to perform power-on initialization, master control self-test, and re-initiate physical layer training and bidirectional handshake negotiation on the bus, such as Receiver Detection and Polling. When the test host detects that the physical connection to the device has been re-established, and the device successfully responds to the host's bus query and returns the "READY" status word, the test host stops timing. The cumulative time from the moment the physical link is broken to the moment the device re-establishes the link and returns to the READY state is the link reconnection time. The length of this time directly quantifies the disaster recovery reconstruction speed and self-healing efficiency of the tested external hard drive firmware after an anomaly occurs.

[0027] In one embodiment, regarding step S104 mentioned above, a performance quantification index characterizing the protocol conversion efficiency of the portable hard drive under test is calculated based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data. Specifically, this includes calculating the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency based on the difference between the sequential read / write speed (V_seq) in the first performance data and the random read / write speed (V_rand) in the second performance data. Specifically, the performance loss caused by non-physical bandwidth bottlenecks such as protocol handshaking, packet management, and flash page addressing is quantified by calculating the ratio of the difference between the sequential read / write speed and the random read / write speed to the sequential read / write speed. The larger the difference, the greater the overhead of protocol processing per unit time, meaning the lower the efficiency of the portable hard drive when handling a large number of small file requests. This method can directly and quantitatively reveal the efficiency of the USB bridge chip and main controller firmware in handling protocol conversion within the portable hard drive, effectively eliminating the interference of interface physical bandwidth on test results, thereby accurately identifying the performance degradation caused by insufficient bridge chip performance, and providing clear optimization directions for users and manufacturers.

[0028] In one embodiment, regarding the aforementioned method of calculating performance quantification metrics based on the difference between sequential read / write speed and random read / write speed, the formula for calculating the performance quantification metric α of the protocol conversion efficiency is as follows: , in which, is the sequential read-write speed in the first performance data, is the random read-write speed in the second performance data. As a specific implementation, the sequential read-write speed can be obtained by recording the average transmission speed over a long period of time, for example, continuously writing a large file of 64GB or more to exhaust the cache, so as to ensure that the measured is the stable capability of the interface and the main controller under continuous high load. The random read-write speed can be converted by multiplying the measured IOPS value by the data block size. This formula normalizes the data of hard disks of different performance levels in the form of a ratio, making the comparison of the protocol overhead ratio more fair. For example, the difference between V_seq and V_rand of a high-speed hard disk may be large, but its α value may be very small, indicating that its protocol conversion efficiency is very high; while a low-speed hard disk has a small difference, its α value may be very large, indicating that its protocol conversion efficiency is low, and the bottleneck lies in the main controller rather than the interface.

[0029] In one embodiment, for the above-mentioned step S106, generating the robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard disk to be tested according to the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance includes: performing weighted summation on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance to generate the robustness index. Specifically, a weight w1 can be assigned to the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency, and a weight w2 can be assigned to the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance, where 0<w1, w2<1, and w1 + w2 = 1, or the results can be summed with scores of other dimensions, and the weighted results of the two are added to obtain a comprehensive score. The weighted summation method can flexibly adjust the evaluation criteria according to different degrees of emphasis on protocol efficiency and channel tolerance in actual application scenarios. For example, if the user scenario mostly processes a large number of small files and the cable environment is good, the weight of protocol efficiency can be increased; if the user often uses long cables or uses the device in a mobile environment with unstable power supply, the weight of channel tolerance can be increased. Further, the weighted summation method can integrate the indicators of two independent dimensions into an intuitive and easy-to-understand single score, which facilitates horizontal comparison and rapid classification of mobile hard disks of different models.

[0030] In another embodiment, in addition to weighted summation, if S106 further includes performance indicators of other dimensions, these indicators are also subjected to weighted summation. At this time, this step performs weighted summation on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance to generate the robustness index.

[0031] In one embodiment, after generating the robustness index, the method further includes comparing the robustness index with a preset threshold and outputting a stability level determination for the tested portable hard drive based on the comparison result. For example, the preset threshold can be set to 60 points. When the calculated robustness index is below 60 points, the portable hard drive is determined to be a "highly environmentally sensitive hard drive" or a "delicate hard drive," and is not recommended for use in scenarios with high stability requirements. When the index is between 60 and 85 points, it is determined to be a "mainstream consumer-grade hard drive." When the index is greater than or equal to 85 points, it is determined to be an "industrial-grade stable hard drive." This method simplifies complex quantitative analysis results into clear and easy-to-understand level determinations, providing intuitive and reliable purchasing guidance for ordinary consumers and a strong basis for quality grading and marketing for manufacturers.

[0032] In one embodiment, for the aforementioned first and second test modes, the first test mode involves sequential read / write operations using a first data block size, and the second test mode involves random read / write operations using a second data block size smaller than the first data block size. Sequential read / write operations can fully utilize interface bandwidth and reduce addressing overhead, thereby reflecting the theoretical upper limit of the physical transmission channel to the greatest extent. Random read / write operations, on the other hand, frequently trigger command interactions at the protocol layer and random addressing of the storage medium, making protocol conversion and internal management overhead the main bottleneck, thus effectively exposing main control efficiency issues. By defining the first test mode as sequential read / write and the second test mode as random read / write, and limiting the comparison of data block sizes, it can be ensured that the two test modes stably and selectively trigger the "interface bandwidth bottleneck" and the "protocol overhead bottleneck," respectively, providing a clear and reliable performance data foundation for subsequent difference analysis and quantitative calculations.

[0033] In one embodiment, regarding the aforementioned data block sizes, the first data block size is 1MB, and the second data block size is 4KB. A 1MB data block size effectively avoids the extra overhead of small file management in the file system and triggers the batch write strategy of the hard drive's internal cache, making its performance primarily limited by the physical interface bandwidth. 4KB is the smallest operating unit commonly found in many file systems and application software. Random read / write operations of this size realistically simulate the scenario of handling a large number of small files in daily use. In this case, each I / O operation is accompanied by a complete protocol handshake process, which best tests the protocol conversion efficiency of the controller. Using 1MB and 4KB as standard test parameters ensures consistency and comparability of test results between different test environments and different brands and models of portable hard drives, laying the foundation for establishing a unified evaluation system.

[0034] In one embodiment, regarding step S103 mentioned above, applying a preset channel interference condition to the portable hard drive under test includes adjusting the power supply voltage parameters supplied to the portable hard drive under test to deviate from the rated value. Portable hard drives are highly sensitive to the stability of the power supply voltage. By actively and controllably adjusting the power supply voltage downwards or upwards from the rated value, real-world situations such as voltage drops or increased ripple caused by inferior power adapters, voltage drops from long cables, or multiple devices sharing power can be simulated. This interference directly affects the power management circuitry of the hard drive and may trigger the hard drive's protection mechanisms, such as slowing down, switching to read-only mode, or even disk disconnection, thereby assessing its operational stability and tolerance under power stress conditions.

[0035] In one embodiment, adjusting the power supply voltage parameters mentioned above, which supplies power to the portable hard drive under test, includes gradually reducing the power supply voltage from the rated voltage of 5.0V in preset steps. For example, the voltage can be gradually reduced from 5.0V to 4.5V and then to 4.0V in 0.1V steps, maintaining a test load for a period of time at each voltage level, such as continuous data writing, while monitoring the response of the portable hard drive. Using a gradual reduction rather than a sudden drop allows for a more detailed characterization of the stability inflection point of the portable hard drive at different voltage levels. For example, it may be found that a certain model of hard drive still works normally at 4.6V, but immediately experiences write errors when the voltage drops to 4.5V, providing accurate data for assessing its voltage tolerance. This step-by-step testing method allows for a safer and more controlled evaluation of the power supply robustness of the portable hard drive.

[0036] In one embodiment, the test side mentioned above is configured with at least one of a protocol sniffer, a cable impedance simulator, and an anomaly injector to control, acquire, and apply channel interference conditions. The protocol sniffer can capture and parse communication packets at the USB protocol layer, which can not only verify the correct execution of test commands but also independently obtain raw performance data and error information of the link layer, improving the accuracy and reliability of the acquisition of first, second, and third performance data. The cable impedance simulator can realistically simulate the signal attenuation and reflection effects produced by USB data cables of different lengths, specifications, and qualities by changing the parameters of its internal components. Applying channel interference conditions through this simulator provides a repeatable and standardized "inferior cable" test environment without the need for a large number of physical cables. The anomaly injector can accurately generate power supply fluctuations and electromagnetic interference signals, controllably reproducing extreme operating conditions. The combined or individual use of these tools greatly enhances the test side's ability to simulate and control environmental conditions.

[0037] In one embodiment, the aforementioned cable impedance simulator includes a programmable RLC network. The programmable RLC network consists of programmable resistors (R), programmable inductors (L), and programmable capacitors (C). By precisely setting the parameter values ​​of these components, such as setting R=2.5Ω, L=0.8μH, and C=50pF to simulate a specific length of AWG28 cable, the impedance characteristics, high-frequency signal attenuation, and delay of the target cable can be reproduced in the test circuit. This allows for quick and flexible switching of different "cable channel" conditions without replacing the physical cable. For example, during testing, the RLC network can first be set to "straight-through mode" to simulate a high-quality short cable and obtain initial performance data. Then, during the test, the RLC parameters can be dynamically switched to simulate a long cable or a low-quality cable, and the changes in the third performance data can be immediately monitored, thereby accurately evaluating the portable hard drive's instantaneous response and tolerance to sudden changes in channel quality. This is more efficient and provides more accurate parameters than testing with physical cables.

[0038] It should be noted that in some optional implementations, the channel interference conditions are not limited to adjusting the power supply voltage. For example... Figure 2 As shown, it may also include simulating cable quality attenuation by changing the impedance characteristics of the data transmission channel through the cable impedance simulator, or applying electromagnetic interference signals of a specific frequency and intensity through the anomaly injector. The first, second, and third performance data may be one or more combinations of average transmission speed (MB / s), IOPS (input / output operations per second), access delay, link layer bit error rate (BER), or error retransmission rate. When calculating the performance quantification indicators of channel tolerance, the formula can be used. Calculate the performance retention rate, where For the speed in the third performance data, The speed is the first performance data; or a more complex formula can be used. To calculate the performance degradation.

[0039] In some optional implementations, the total size of the test file for the first test mode and large data read / write should be significantly larger than the internal cache (such as SLC cache) capacity of the portable hard drive under test, to ensure that the test results reflect the true speed outside the cache, rather than a brief peak within the cache. For example, for a hard drive with several GB of cache, the test file can be 64GB or 128GB. The "control" and "acquisition" actions can be performed by intelligent analysis software (such as...) running on the test-side computer. Figure 2The software portion of the test is automated. This software sends standardized test commands (such as scripts generated based on FIO or Iometer) to the hard drive under test and receives its performance logs. The robustness index can be generated not only through weighted summation but also through multiplicative synthesis, rule-based scoring, and other multi-index comprehensive evaluation methods.

[0040] It should be noted that, in some optional implementations, the protocol sniffer can specifically employ a USB protocol analyzer such as the Keysight U2721A. The switching of the programmable RLC network in the cable impedance simulator can be controlled by a co-controller (such as an Arduino or Raspberry Pi) via a relay matrix. The power supply voltage regulation in the anomaly injector can be implemented using a programmable digital power supply such as the B&K Precision 870 series, and the electromagnetic interference generator can be implemented using a Tektronix AFG31000 series function signal generator. The specific scoring rule for the robustness index (CRI) can be: Protocol efficiency score = Value × 100 × weight; Channel tolerance score = Value × 100 × Weight; Sustained performance score = ( (Theoretical bandwidth) × 100 × weight; CRI is the sum of the three. The preset judgment threshold can be calibrated and set based on a large number of sample test data.

[0041] This application also provides a robustness testing device for portable hard drives. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the device includes: The first data acquisition module 10 is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and acquire the first performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test, wherein the first test mode is used to examine the interface bandwidth. The second data acquisition module 20 is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and acquire the second performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test, wherein the second test mode is used to examine protocol overhead. The third data acquisition module 30 is used to apply a preset channel interference condition to the mobile hard drive under test and acquire third performance data under the channel interference condition. The third performance data is used to calculate the physical layer handshake bit error rate under physical interference in the channel interference condition, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the mobile hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference condition, and the link reconnection time required for the mobile hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. The efficiency calculation module 40 is used to calculate a performance quantification index that characterizes the protocol conversion efficiency of the portable hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data. The tolerance calculation module 50 is used to calculate a performance quantification index characterizing the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data. The index generation module 60 is used to generate a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance. The robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

[0042] The various modules in this device work together to achieve automated, standardized testing and quantitative evaluation of the protocol conversion efficiency and channel tolerance of portable hard drives.

[0043] This application also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the program to implement the mobile hard drive robustness testing method described above. This electronic device can... Figure 2 The computer shown is equipped with intelligent analysis software.

[0044] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the mobile hard drive robustness testing method described above.

[0045] This application also provides a method for demonstrating the performance of a portable hard drive, applied to a portable hard drive under test, the method comprising: In response to a first test command from the test side, a preset first test mode is executed and first performance data is reported, wherein the first test mode is used to examine the interface bandwidth; In response to a second test command from the test side, a preset second test mode is executed, and second performance data is reported, wherein the second test mode is used to examine protocol overhead; It maintains operation under the preset channel interference conditions applied on the test side and reports third-party performance data; The first, second, and third performance data are used by the test side to calculate the performance quantification index of protocol conversion efficiency, the performance quantification index of channel tolerance, and to generate a robustness index.

[0046] This method enables the portable hard drive under test to cooperate with the testing side to generate and report various performance data in accordance with a standardized process.

[0047] This application also provides a portable hard drive, including: The instruction response module is used to receive the first test instruction and the second test instruction from the test side. The test execution module is used to execute a preset first test mode according to the first test instruction to generate first performance data, and execute a preset second test mode according to the second test instruction to generate second performance data; The data reporting module is used to report the first performance data and the second performance data to the test side; The portable hard drive is also used to maintain operation under preset channel interference conditions applied on the test side, and reports third performance data through the data reporting module so that the test side can generate a robustness index.

[0048] This application also provides a portable hard drive testing system, including: The robustness testing device for portable hard drives described above; and... The external hard drive to be tested.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A robustness testing method for portable hard drives, characterized in that, The method is executed by the testing side and includes: The test device controls the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and obtains the first performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test. The first performance data is used to characterize the physical layer interface bandwidth and baseline transmission speed of the mobile hard drive under test after exhausting its internal cache. The test device controls the portable hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and obtains the second performance data reported by the portable hard drive under test. The second performance data includes the protocol overhead ratio between large block data transmission and small block protocol interaction. A preset channel interference condition is applied to the mobile hard drive under test, and third performance data under the channel interference condition is obtained. The third performance data includes: the physical layer handshake bit error rate obtained by statistics under physical interference in the channel interference condition, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the mobile hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference condition, and the link reconnection time required for the mobile hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data, a performance quantification index is calculated to characterize the protocol conversion efficiency of the mobile hard drive under test. Based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data, a performance quantification index is calculated to characterize the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test. Based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance, a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test is generated. The robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance. The step of calculating a performance quantification index to characterize the protocol conversion efficiency of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data includes: calculating the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency based on the difference between the sequential read / write speed in the first performance data and the random read / write speed in the second performance data. The step of calculating a performance quantification index to characterize the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data includes: calculating a performance retention rate based on the ratio of the speed in the third performance data to the speed in the first performance data, and using the performance retention rate as the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency The calculation formula is: ,in, This refers to the sequential read / write speed in the first performance data. This refers to the random read / write speed in the second performance data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The robustness index is compared with a preset threshold, and the stability level of the tested portable hard drive is determined based on the comparison result.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first test mode is a sequential read / write operation using a first data block size, and the second test mode is a random read / write operation using a second data block size smaller than the first data block size.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application of preset channel interference conditions to the mobile hard drive under test includes: Adjust the power supply voltage parameters supplied to the portable hard drive under test so that they deviate from the rated value.

6. A robustness testing device for portable hard drives, characterized in that, The device includes: The first data acquisition module is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset first test mode and acquire the first performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test. The first performance data is used to characterize the physical layer interface bandwidth and baseline transmission speed of the mobile hard drive under test after exhausting its internal cache. The second data acquisition module is used to control the mobile hard drive under test to execute a preset second test mode and acquire the second performance data reported by the mobile hard drive under test, wherein the second performance data includes the protocol overhead ratio between large block data transmission and small block protocol interaction. The third data acquisition module is used to apply preset channel interference conditions to the mobile hard drive under test and acquire third performance data under the channel interference conditions. The third performance data includes: the physical layer handshake bit error rate obtained by statistics under physical interference in the channel interference conditions, the minimum voltage tolerance threshold when the mobile hard drive under test experiences disk drop and reset under abnormal level in the channel interference conditions, and the link reconnection time required for the mobile hard drive under test to complete the physical layer handshake and restore the ready state from the link disconnection. An efficiency calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index that characterizes the protocol conversion efficiency of the portable hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data. The tolerance calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index characterizing the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data. An index generation module is used to generate a robustness index for evaluating the overall stability of the mobile hard drive under test based on the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance. The robustness index is generated by weighted summation of the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency and the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance. The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index for characterizing the protocol conversion efficiency of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the second performance data, including: calculating the performance quantification index of the protocol conversion efficiency based on the difference between the sequential read / write speed in the first performance data and the random read / write speed in the second performance data. The tolerance calculation module is used to calculate a performance quantification index characterizing the channel tolerance of the mobile hard drive under test based on the difference between the first performance data and the third performance data, including: calculating the performance retention rate based on the ratio of the speed in the third performance data to the speed in the first performance data, and using the performance retention rate as the performance quantification index of the channel tolerance.

7. A portable hard drive, characterized in that, The portable hard drive is used in the robustness testing method for portable hard drives according to any one of claims 1-5, and the portable hard drive comprises: The instruction response module is used to receive the first test instruction and the second test instruction from the test side. The test execution module is used to execute a preset first test mode according to the first test instruction to generate first performance data, and execute a preset second test mode according to the second test instruction to generate second performance data; The data reporting module is used to report the first performance data and the second performance data to the test side; The portable hard drive is also used to maintain operation under preset channel interference conditions applied by the test side, and to report third performance data through the data reporting module so that the test side can generate a robustness index.

8. A portable hard drive testing system, characterized in that, include: The portable hard drive robustness testing device as described in claim 6; as well as, The external hard drive to be tested.

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