Flexible movable and fixed contact combined vertical telescopic isolator and working method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible movable and static contact combined vertical telescopic isolator and a working method thereof. A circular platform-shaped protective cover is fixed on a static contact seat in the static contact, and a static contact rod is arranged in the circular platform-shaped protective cover and fixed with the static contact seat; a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of a groove arranged on a movable contact seat in the movable contact, and a radial sliding groove is arranged on the circumference of the through hole, and a contact finger assembly is arranged in each sliding groove; a contact finger seat and the corresponding sliding groove form a sliding pair in the contact finger assembly, one arm of a U-shaped contact finger is fixed with the contact finger seat and is arranged outwardly and obliquely, and the other arm is suspended and closer to the through hole than the one arm fixed with the contact finger seat; a circular ring-shaped pressing ring is arranged outside each U-shaped contact finger and fixed with an upper transmission rod in a transmission mechanism, and the upper transmission rod forms a sliding pair with the through hole. The application can realize uniform distribution of contact pressure of each contact position between the movable and static contacts, and has high safety protection performance between the movable and static contacts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-voltage electrical equipment technology, specifically relating to a flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage disconnect switches are key switching devices in power systems, primarily used for power isolation, switching operations, and connecting and disconnecting low-current circuits. They are widely used in high-voltage transmission lines and substations for equipment maintenance, line switching, and system reconfiguration, and are crucial components for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Currently, the mainstream vertical telescopic disconnect switches on the market mainly suffer from the following problems: First, uneven pressure distribution between the moving and stationary contacts can easily lead to localized overheating at single or multiple contact points, potentially causing contact erosion under prolonged high current; second, the contacts have a completely open structure, making them susceptible to corrosion from wind, sand, and moisture, resulting in poor structural stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector and its working method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The present invention relates to a flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnect switch, comprising a stationary contact, a moving contact, a transmission mechanism, and a base.

[0006] The stationary contact includes a stationary contact bracket, a stationary contact seat, and a stationary contact rod. Two symmetrically arranged stationary contact brackets are fixed to the upper end of the stationary contact seat, and a coaxially arranged frustum-shaped protective cover is fixed to the lower end, with the upper diameter of the frustum-shaped protective cover being smaller than the lower diameter. The stationary contact rod is placed inside the frustum-shaped protective cover, and the upper end of the stationary contact rod is fixed to the stationary contact seat.

[0007] The moving contact includes a moving contact seat, a contact finger assembly, and an annular pressure ring. The moving contact seat has a groove with a through hole on its bottom surface. Multiple circumferentially distributed sliding grooves are located outside the through hole, each groove arranged radially along the through hole, and each groove contains a contact finger assembly. The contact finger assembly includes a U-shaped contact finger and a contact finger seat. The contact finger seat is placed in a corresponding sliding groove, forming a sliding pair with the corresponding groove. One arm of the U-shaped contact finger is fixed to the end of the contact finger seat away from the through hole and is arranged outwardly at an angle. The other arm of the U-shaped contact finger is suspended and closer to the through hole than the arm fixed to the contact finger seat. Insulating plates are fixed to the ends of the contact finger seat and the corresponding sliding grooves near the through hole, and the two insulating plates are connected by a compression spring. The annular pressure ring is placed outside each U-shaped contact finger and contacts the outer surface of the arm of each U-shaped contact finger away from the through hole.

[0008] The transmission mechanism includes an upper guide tube, an upper transmission rod, a roller, a U-shaped connector, a lower guide tube, a lower transmission rod, a gearbox, a cam, a connecting shaft, a gear, and a rack. One end of the upper guide tube is fixed to the end of the through hole away from the groove, and the other end is fixed to a hole (1) in the middle of the U-shaped connector. The upper transmission rod passes through the hole (1), the upper guide tube, and the through hole, forming a sliding pair with each of these components. The end of the upper transmission rod located within the groove is fixed to an annular pressure ring via multiple connecting rods arranged circumferentially, and a roller is hinged to the end near the hole (1). A cam is fixed to one end of the gearbox, and a hole (2) is opened at the other end. Both ends of the connecting shaft form a rotating pair with the middle of the gearbox and are fixed to the two ends of the U-shaped connector, respectively. The connecting shaft is fixed with a gear in the middle; one end of the lower guide tube is fixed coaxially with hole two, and the other end is fixed with hole three in the middle of the rotating seat. One end of the rotating seat is hinged to the base, and the other end forms a ball joint with one end of connecting rod one. The other end of connecting rod one is hinged to one end of the crank, and the other end of the crank is driven to rotate by the drive motor; the lower transmission rod passes through hole two, the lower guide tube and hole three, and a rack is fixed at the end of the lower transmission rod near hole two. The rack meshes with the gear, and the end near hole three is hinged to one end of connecting rod two. The other end of connecting rod two is hinged to the base.

[0009] Preferably, the stationary contact support consists of a horizontally arranged transverse support and two vertical supports fixed at both ends of the transverse support; the middle part of the transverse support is fixed to the stationary contact seat.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the stationary contact rod is provided with an integrally formed drum-shaped body.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of one arm of the U-shaped finger near the through hole is provided with an integrally formed protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting seat is fixed on the base, the end of the rotating seat away from the first connecting rod is hinged to the connecting seat, and the end of the second connecting rod away from the lower transmission rod is hinged to the connecting seat.

[0013] Preferably, a hinge shaft is fixed on the rotating seat, and the connecting rod and the hinge shaft form a ball hinge.

[0014] The working method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector of the present invention is as follows:

[0015] Each longitudinal support is connected to the power transmission bus or power supply incoming side of the substation. The base is installed on the main foundation frame of the substation and located below the stationary contact rod. When the stationary contact and the moving contact are in the open state, the stationary contact rod and each U-shaped contact finger are not in contact, and the transmission mechanism is in the folded state.

[0016] When the controller controls the drive motor to drive the crank to rotate forward, the crank pulls the rotating seat through connecting rod one, causing the lower guide tube to rotate upward. This causes the lower transmission rod to drive connecting rod two to rotate. At the same time, the lower transmission rod moves upward relative to the lower guide tube, and drives the rack and pinion to mesh with the gear. The gear drives the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod to rotate upward through the connecting shaft, causing the upper and lower guide tubes to unfold. As the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod rotate upward, the cam contacts the roller, and pushes the upper transmission rod to move upward relative to the upper guide tube through the roller. The upper transmission rod drives the annular pressure ring to move upward through each connecting rod. The annular pressure ring pushes each U-shaped contact finger to move along the corresponding slide groove towards the direction of the upper transmission rod through each U-shaped contact finger, and pushes each U-shaped contact finger to bend and deform towards the direction of the upper transmission rod, so that each U-shaped contact finger contacts the stationary contact rod. The compression springs are further compressed, thereby completing the closing action.

[0017] When the controller controls the drive motor to reverse the crank, the crank pushes the rotating seat through connecting rod one, causing the lower guide tube to rotate downwards. This causes the lower transmission rod to rotate through connecting rod two. Simultaneously, the lower transmission rod moves downwards relative to the lower guide tube, causing the rack and pinion to mesh with the gear. The gear, through the connecting shaft, drives the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod to rotate downwards, causing the upper and lower guide tubes to fold. As the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod rotate downwards, the cam disengages from the roller. Under its own gravity, the upper transmission rod moves downwards relative to the upper guide tube. The upper transmission rod, through each connecting rod, drives the annular pressure ring to move downwards. The annular pressure ring disengages from each U-shaped contact finger, and each U-shaped contact finger returns to its original position. The restoring force of each compression spring pushes each contact finger seat, causing each U-shaped contact finger to move along the corresponding slide groove away from the upper transmission rod to its original position. The stationary contact rod no longer contacts each U-shaped contact finger, thus completing the tripping action.

[0018] Preferably, after the closing action is achieved, the U-shaped contact finger contacts the stationary contact rod, and the current flows through the stationary contact rod to the U-shaped contact finger. Because the U-shaped contact finger has a U-shaped structure, the current flow direction in the stationary contact rod is opposite to the current flow direction in one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod. The current flows in opposite directions in the two arms of the U-shaped contact finger, and these opposing currents repel each other. Let the total repulsive force exerted on the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod by the other arm of the U-shaped contact finger and the middle section of the U-shaped contact finger be... The stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger, on one arm closest to the stationary contact rod, experience a total repulsive force from the stationary contact rod. The dimensions of the stationary contact rod, the drum-shaped body, and the U-shaped contact finger, as well as the magnitude of the current flowing through them, are designed to ensure that... .

[0019] More preferably, the total repulsive force is one The principal repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger And the local repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by one arm near the stationary contact rod and the middle section. Composition, that is

[0020]

[0021] The primary repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger for

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, For the current flowing through the arm furthest from the stationary contact rod, For the current flowing through one arm closest to the stationary contact rod, and , To calculate the principal repulsive force The loop coefficient;

[0024] For two arms of unequal length and parallel, the loop coefficient for

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, A is the distance between the axes of the two arms, L1 is the length of the arm furthest from the stationary contact rod, L2 is the length of the arm closest to the stationary contact rod, and L1 is greater than L2; b1 is the length difference between the upper ends of the two arms; GMD1 is the geometric mean distance between the cross sections of the two arms.

[0027] The cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped contact finger is rectangular. Let the length of the U-shaped contact finger be h and the width be w. The geometric mean distance between the cross-sections of the two arms is:

[0028]

[0029] Localized repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor for

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, The current flowing through the middle section, and The equivalent radius of L-shaped conductor one The geometric mean distance of a rectangular cross section .

[0032] More preferably, the total repulsive force is two The Lorentz force generated between the stationary contact rod and one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near one arm of the stationary contact rod. And the Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact point between the drum-shaped body and the corresponding arm of the U-shaped contact finger. composition;

[0033] Lorentz force for

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, The current flowing through the stationary contact rod. To calculate the Lorentz force The loop coefficient, GMD2 is the geometric mean distance between the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod, L3 is the length of the stationary contact rod, and b2 is the length difference between the lower end of the stationary contact rod and the lower end of the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod.

[0037] Let the distance between the center of the stationary contact rod cross-section and the center of the cross-section of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod be... The inner and outer diameters of the stationary contact rod are r and R, respectively. The geometric mean distance between the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near one arm of the stationary contact rod is:

[0038]

[0039] The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod and one arm of the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod. for

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, L d The radius of the drum-shaped body is given by the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor. The drum-shaped cross-section is replaced with a circular cross-section conductor with equal geometrical spacing and area. The equivalent radius of the drum-shaped cross-section is... , The area of ​​the cross-section of the drum-shaped body;

[0042] The Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact point between the drum-shaped body and the corresponding arm for

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, For contact coefficient, The Brinell hardness is for the U-shaped finger material. It is the contact force.

[0045] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. This invention achieves uniform contact pressure distribution at each contact point between the moving and stationary contacts, and provides high safety protection performance between the moving and stationary contacts. Specifically, during the closing process, the invention pushes the annular pressure ring upward by an upper transmission rod that moves upward relative to the upper guide tube, causing the annular pressure ring to contact each U-shaped contact finger. This pushes each U-shaped contact finger to move inward synchronously, causing each U-shaped contact finger to contact the stationary contact rod. Furthermore, the force between each U-shaped contact finger and the stationary contact rod is uniform, avoiding the problem of localized overheating at single or multiple contact points due to uneven force distribution, and reducing the risk of overheating under long-term high-current conditions. To mitigate the risk of contact erosion, each U-shaped contact finger is made of chromium-zirconium-copper alloy, possessing both strong conductivity and flexibility. The annular pressure ring pushes each U-shaped contact finger into contact with the stationary contact rod, causing the U-shaped contact finger to bend inwards and deform, achieving flexible clamping of the stationary contact rod and ensuring reliable contact between the U-shaped contact finger and the stationary contact rod. Furthermore, a frustum-shaped protective cover is fixed to the stationary contact seat, ensuring that the contact position between the stationary contact rod and each U-shaped contact finger is within the frustum-shaped protective cover after closing. This reduces the erosion of the moving and stationary contacts by harsh environments such as wind, sand, and moisture, ensuring the safety and reliability of high-voltage power system switch operation.

[0047] 2. In this invention, the U-shaped contact finger has a U-shaped structure, which means that when the current flows through the stationary contact rod to the U-shaped contact finger after the circuit is closed, the current flow direction in the stationary contact rod is opposite to the current flow direction in one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod. The current flows in opposite directions in the two arms of the U-shaped contact finger. Due to the mutual repulsion of the opposite currents, and through design, the total repulsive force I on the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod is greater than the total repulsive force II on the stationary contact rod (including the drum-shaped body). This causes the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod to squeeze the stationary contact rod, thereby causing the arm of each U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod to clamp the stationary contact rod, making the contact between each U-shaped contact finger and the stationary contact rod more reliable and ensuring the contact stability between the moving and stationary contacts.

[0048] 3. The U-shaped contact finger of the present invention has an integrally formed protrusion on the outer side of one arm near the through hole, and an integrally formed drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod. This makes the contact between the U-shaped contact finger and the stationary contact rod a point contact with high contact pressure and strong ice-breaking ability. This can avoid the problem of contact point freezing due to low winter temperature, and further ensure the reliability of high-voltage power system switch operation. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stationary contact in this invention;

[0051] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact and part of the transmission mechanism in this invention;

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the finger-touch component in this invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the stationary contact in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the transmission mechanism after removing the upper and lower conduits in this invention;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing the stationary contact in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0057] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of section A;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the current flow direction in the stationary contact, drum-shaped body, and U-shaped contact finger after the circuit is closed according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector includes a stationary contact 1, a moving contact 2, a transmission mechanism 3, and a base 4.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the stationary contact 1 includes a stationary contact bracket, a stationary contact seat 13, and a stationary contact rod 15. The stationary contact bracket consists of a horizontally arranged transverse bracket 12 and two vertical brackets 11 fixed at both ends of the transverse bracket 12. The stationary contact bracket has two symmetrically arranged components. The upper end of the stationary contact seat 13 is fixed to the middle of the transverse bracket 12 of the two stationary contact brackets, and the lower end is fixed with a coaxially arranged frustum-shaped protective cover 14, and the upper diameter of the frustum-shaped protective cover 14 is smaller than the lower diameter. The stationary contact rod 15 is placed inside the frustum-shaped protective cover 14, and the upper end of the stationary contact rod 15 is fixed to the stationary contact seat 13, and the lower end is provided with an integrally formed drum-shaped body.

[0062] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the moving contact 2 includes a moving contact base 21, a contact finger assembly 22, a compression spring 25, an insulating plate 26, and an annular pressure ring 27. The moving contact base 21 has a groove, a through hole on the bottom surface of the groove, and six circumferentially distributed sliding grooves located outside the through hole. Each sliding groove is radially arranged along the through hole, and each sliding groove contains a contact finger assembly 22. The contact finger assembly 22 includes a U-shaped contact finger 23 and a contact finger base 24. The contact finger base 24 is placed in a corresponding sliding groove, forming a sliding pair with the corresponding sliding groove. One arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23 is fixed to the end of the contact finger base 24 away from the through hole. The U-shaped contact finger 23 is arranged at an outward angle, with the other arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23 suspended in the air and closer to the through hole than the arm fixed to the contact finger seat 24. The outer side of the arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23 near the through hole is provided with an integrally formed protrusion. The contact finger seat 24 and the corresponding slide groove are both fixed with an insulating plate 26 at the end near the through hole. The two insulating plates 26 are connected by a compression spring 25. The U-shaped contact finger 23 is made of chromium zirconium copper alloy. Each compression spring 25 is in a compressed state. The annular compression ring 27 is placed on the outside of each U-shaped contact finger 23 and contacts the outer side of the arm of each U-shaped contact finger 23 away from the through hole.

[0063] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the transmission mechanism 3 includes an upper guide tube 31, an upper transmission rod 32, a roller 33, a U-shaped connector 34, a lower guide tube 35, a lower transmission rod 36, a gearbox 37, a cam 38, a connecting shaft 39, a gear 310, and a rack 311. One end of the upper guide tube 31 is fixed to the end of the through hole away from the groove, and the other end is fixed to the hole one opened in the middle of the U-shaped connector 34; the upper transmission rod 32 passes through the hole one, the upper guide tube 31 and the through hole, and forms a sliding pair with the hole one, the upper guide tube 31 and the through hole, and the end of the upper transmission rod 32 located in the groove is fixed to the annular pressure ring 27 by a plurality of connecting rods 28 arranged circumferentially, and the end near the hole one is hinged with a roller 33; one end of the gearbox 37 is fixed with a cam 38, and the other end is provided with a hole two; both ends of the connecting shaft 39 form a rotating pair with the middle of the gearbox 37, and are respectively fixed to the two ends of the U-shaped connector 34, and a gear 310 is fixed in the middle of the connecting shaft 39; the lower guide tube 35 One end is fixed coaxially with hole two, and the other end is fixed with hole three in the middle of rotating seat 312. One end of rotating seat 312 is hinged to connecting seat 314, and the other end is connected to one end of connecting rod one 315 to form a ball hinge. The other end of connecting rod one 315 is hinged to one end of crank 316, and the other end of crank 316 is driven to rotate by drive motor 318. Lower transmission rod 36 passes through hole two, lower guide tube 35 and hole three, and a rack 311 is fixed at the end of lower transmission rod 36 near hole two. The rack 311 meshes with gear 310. The end near hole three is hinged to one end of connecting rod two 317. The other end of connecting rod two 317 is hinged to connecting seat 314, and connecting seat 314 is fixed on base 4.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, a hinge shaft 313 is fixed on the rotating seat 312, and the connecting rod 315 and the hinge shaft 313 form a ball hinge.

[0065] The working method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector of the present invention is as follows:

[0066] Each longitudinal support 11 is connected to the power transmission bus or power supply incoming side of the substation. The base 4 is installed on the main foundation frame of the substation and located below the stationary contact rod 15. When the stationary contact 1 and the moving contact 2 are in the open state, the stationary contact rod 15 is not in contact with each U-shaped contact finger 23, and the transmission mechanism 3 is in the folded state.

[0067] When the controller controls the drive motor 318 to drive the crank 316 to rotate forward, the crank 316 pulls the rotating seat 312 through the connecting rod 315, causing the lower guide tube 35 to rotate upward. This causes the lower transmission rod 36 to drive the connecting rod 317 to rotate. At the same time, the lower transmission rod 36 moves upward relative to the lower guide tube 35, and drives the rack 311 to mesh with the gear 310. The gear 310 drives the U-shaped connector 34, the upper guide tube 31, and the upper transmission rod 32 to rotate upward through the connecting shaft 39, causing the upper guide tube 31 and the lower guide tube 35 to unfold. As the U-shaped connector 34, the upper guide tube 31, and the upper transmission rod 32... Rotating upwards, the cam 38 contacts the roller 33 and pushes the upper transmission rod 32 upwards relative to the upper guide tube 31 through the roller 24. The upper transmission rod 32 drives the annular pressure ring 27 upwards through each connecting rod 28. The annular pressure ring 27 pushes each contact finger seat 24 along the corresponding slide groove towards the upper transmission rod 32 through each U-shaped contact finger 23, and pushes each U-shaped contact finger 23 to bend and deform towards the upper transmission rod 32, so that each U-shaped contact finger 23 contacts the stationary contact rod 15 (the drum-shaped body at the lower end). Each compression spring 25 is further compressed, thereby realizing the closing action.

[0068] When the controller controls the drive motor 318 to drive the crank 316 in reverse, the crank 316 pushes the rotating seat 312 through the connecting rod 315, causing the lower guide tube 35 to rotate downwards. This causes the lower transmission rod 36 to drive the connecting rod 317 to rotate. At the same time, the lower transmission rod 36 moves downwards relative to the lower guide tube 35, and drives the rack 311 to mesh with the gear 310. The gear 310 drives the U-shaped connector 34, the upper guide tube 31, and the upper transmission rod 32 to rotate downwards through the connecting shaft 39, causing the upper guide tube 31 and the lower guide tube 35 to fold. As the U-shaped connector 34, the upper guide tube 31, and the upper transmission rod 32 rotate downwards, the upper guide tube 31 and the lower guide tube 35 fold. As rod 32 rotates downward, cam 38 disengages from roller 33. Under its own weight, upper transmission rod 32 moves downward relative to upper guide tube 31. Upper transmission rod 32 drives annular pressure ring 27 downward through connecting rods 28. Annular pressure ring 27 disengages from each U-shaped contact finger 23, and each U-shaped contact finger 23 returns to its original position. The restoring force of each compression spring 25 pushes each contact finger seat 24 to drive each U-shaped contact finger 23 to move along the corresponding slide groove away from upper transmission rod 32 to its original position. The stationary contact rod 15 does not contact each U-shaped contact finger 23, thereby realizing the opening action.

[0069] Among them, after the closing action is completed, such as Figure 10 As shown, the U-shaped contact finger 23 is in contact with the stationary contact rod 15, and the current flows through the stationary contact rod 15 to the U-shaped contact finger 23. Because the U-shaped contact finger 23 has a U-shaped structure, the current flow direction in the stationary contact rod 15 is opposite to the current flow direction in one arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23 closest to the stationary contact rod 15. The current flows in opposite directions in the two arms of the U-shaped contact finger 23, and the two objects with opposite currents repel each other. Let the total repulsive force exerted on the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 by the other arm of the U-shaped contact finger and the middle section of the U-shaped contact finger be... The arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23 closest to the stationary contact rod 15 is subjected to a total repulsive force from the stationary contact rod 15 (including the drum-shaped body). ;

[0070] (1) Total repulsive force The calculation process is as follows:

[0071] Total repulsive force one The principal repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger And the local repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by one arm and the middle section near the stationary contact rod 15. Composition, that is

[0072]

[0073] The primary repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger for

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, For the current flowing through one arm away from the stationary contact rod 15, For the current flowing through one arm closest to the stationary contact rod 15, and , To calculate the principal repulsive force The loop coefficient;

[0076] For two arms of unequal length and parallel, the loop coefficient for

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, A is the distance between the axes of the two arms, L1 is the length of the arm farther away from the stationary contact rod 15, L2 is the length of the arm closer to the stationary contact rod 15, and L1 is greater than L2, and b1 is the length difference between the upper ends of the two arms (0 in this invention).

[0079] To account for the influence of the conductor cross-sectional area, the distance A between the axes of the two arms is replaced with the geometric mean distance GMD1 between the cross-sections of the two arms for correction, resulting in...

[0080]

[0081] The cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped contact finger 23 is rectangular. Let the length of the cross-section of the U-shaped contact finger 23 be h and the width be w. Establish coordinate system one with the center of the cross-section of the arm furthest from the stationary contact rod 15 as the origin, the width direction of the cross-section as the Y-axis, the length direction of the cross-section as the Z-axis, and the length direction of this arm as the X-axis. Establish coordinate system two with the center of the cross-section of the arm closest to the stationary contact rod 15 as the origin, the width direction of the cross-section as the Y-axis, the length direction of the cross-section as the Z-axis, and the length direction of this arm as the X-axis. The geometric mean distance GMD1 between the cross-sections of the two arms is calculated as follows:

[0082] ①

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, The cross-sectional area of ​​one arm away from the stationary contact rod 15. The cross-sectional area of ​​one arm near the stationary contact rod 15, and , The area of ​​the cross-section of the two arms is a small element. and The distances Y1 and Z1 are arbitrary area infinitesimal elements on a cross-section of an arm far from the stationary contact rod 15. The Y-axis and Z-axis coordinates are located in coordinate system one, and Y2 and Z2 are arbitrary area infinitesimal elements on a cross-section of an arm near the stationary contact rod 15. The Y-axis and Z-axis coordinates located in coordinate system two.

[0087] The power series expansion is as follows:

[0088] ②

[0089] Substituting equation ② into equation ① and integrating term by term, we find that since the rectangular cross-section is centrally symmetric, all... odd power terms (such as) The integral result is zero, so only even-power terms are retained.

[0090]

[0091] in,

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Integrating each term yields:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] but

[0102]

[0103] Take the exponents from both sides and use Expand

[0104]

[0105] approximate

[0106]

[0107] Localized repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor for

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, The current flowing through the middle section, and , Let be the equivalent radius of L-shaped conductor 1;

[0110] In this case, one cross-section of the L-shaped conductor is rectangular, and the geometric mean distance of the rectangular cross-section is... The geometric mean distance (GMT) is used for self-inductance calculation. It represents the geometric mean of the distances between all points within the conductor's cross-section and is a measure of the "contraction effect" of the magnetic field distribution inside the conductor. In mutual inductance calculation, the GMT determines the effective center offset. A circular cross-section conductor with the same GMT can replace a rectangular cross-section conductor, meaning that the equivalent circle is equivalent to the original rectangle in terms of internal magnetic field energy (self-inductance), approximately maintaining the mutual inductance unchanged. The GMT of the circular cross-section is... Therefore, the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor is obtained as follows: .

[0111] (2) Total repulsive force II The calculation process is as follows:

[0112] Total repulsive force 2 The Lorentz force generated between the stationary contact rod 15 and the U-shaped contact finger 23 near one arm of the stationary contact rod 15 The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod 15 and the U-shaped contact finger 23 near one arm of the stationary contact rod 15. And the Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact position of the drum-shaped body and the corresponding arm of the U-shaped contact finger 23. composition;

[0113] Lorentz force for

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, The current flowing through the stationary contact rod 15, To calculate the Lorentz force The loop coefficient, GMD2 is the geometric mean distance between the stationary contact rod 15 and the U-shaped contact finger 23 near the arm of the stationary contact rod 15, L3 is the length of the stationary contact rod 15, and b2 is the length difference between the lower end of the stationary contact rod 15 and the lower end of the U-shaped contact finger 23 near the arm of the stationary contact rod 15.

[0117] Establish coordinate system three with the center of the cross-section of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 as the origin, the width direction of the cross-section as the x-axis, and the length direction of the cross-section as the y-axis. Then, establish coordinate system four with the center of the cross-section of the stationary contact rod 15 as the origin, with the x-axis and y-axis parallel to the x-axis and y-axis of coordinate system three, respectively. Let any infinitesimal area element on the cross-section of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 be... The coordinates within coordinate system three are (x, y), and Any infinitesimal element on the cross-section of the stationary contact rod 15 The coordinates located in coordinate system four are (u, v), and satisfy... exist Inside, the cross-sectional area of ​​the stationary contact rod 15 is... The area of ​​the cross-section of the two arms is infinitesimal. and The distance is The distance between the center of the section of the stationary contact rod 15 and the center of the section of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 is The coordinates of the center of the cross-section of the stationary contact rod 15 in coordinate system three are (a, 0), and the coordinates of any point on the cross-section of the stationary contact rod 15 in coordinate system three are (a + u, v). The stationary contact rod 15 is hollow, and its cross-section is annular. r and R are the inner and outer diameters of the stationary contact rod, respectively. The geometric mean distance GMD2 between the stationary contact rod 15 and one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 is defined as:

[0118] ③

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] The power series expansion is as follows: ④

[0122] Substituting equation ④ into equation ③ and integrating term by term, we find that since the cross-sections of the stationary contact rod 15 and the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod 15 are both centrally symmetrical, all... odd-order terms (e.g.) , The integral of is zero, therefore the non-zero terms come from even-degree terms, i.e.

[0123]

[0124] in, To express the double surface integral symbol, for example

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] because and If the elements are independent and each has a mean of zero, then we have:

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] in

[0131]

[0132] Integrating for the case where the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, we obtain...

[0133]

[0134] For the case where the cross-sectional shape is annular, let

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Integrating, we get

[0139]

[0140] By utilizing the independence and central symmetry of multiple integrals, we can integrate the second-order, fourth-order, and sixth-order terms to obtain...

[0141]

[0142] In this embodiment, we take Substituting the above calculations into the equation, we get...

[0143]

[0144] make Take the exponents on both sides and expand to Step

[0145]

[0146] but

[0147]

[0148] approximate

[0149]

[0150] The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod 15 and the U-shaped contact finger near one arm of the stationary contact rod 15. for

[0151]

[0152] In the formula, L d It is the radius of the drum-shaped body (half of its horizontal length). Let be the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor 2;

[0153] Since the cross-sectional shape of the drum-shaped conductor differs from that of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod 15, the arithmetic mean of the equivalent radius of the drum-shaped conductor and the equivalent radius of the arm is approximated as the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor. The drum-shaped conductor is replaced with a circular conductor with equal geometric mean distance and area, since the geometric mean distance of the circular conductor is... The equivalent radius of the drum-shaped body cross section can be derived as follows: , Let be the area of ​​the drum-shaped cross-section, then the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor II is:

[0154]

[0155] The Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact point between the drum-shaped body and the U-shaped contact finger 23 near one arm of the stationary contact rod 15 for

[0156]

[0157] In the formula, The contact coefficient is between 0.3 and 1. The Brinell hardness of the U-shaped finger 23 material. Contact force (which can be measured in advance);

[0158] In this embodiment, , , It is a U-shaped tactile index. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Through calculation, it can be obtained That is, the total repulsive force of the U-shaped contact finger on one arm near the stationary contact rod 15 is greater than the total repulsive force on the stationary contact rod 15 (including the drum-shaped body), which causes the arm of the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod 15 to squeeze the stationary contact rod, thereby making the contact between the U-shaped contact finger and the stationary contact rod more reliable.

Claims

1. A flexible vertical telescopic disconnector with a combination of stationary and moving contacts, comprising a stationary contact, a moving contact, and a transmission mechanism, characterized in that: The stationary contact includes a stationary contact bracket, a stationary contact seat, and a stationary contact rod. Two symmetrically arranged stationary contact brackets are fixed to the upper end of the stationary contact seat, and a coaxially arranged frustum-shaped protective cover is fixed to the lower end, with the upper diameter of the frustum-shaped protective cover being smaller than the lower diameter. The stationary contact rod is placed inside the frustum-shaped protective cover, and the upper end of the stationary contact rod is fixed to the stationary contact seat. The moving contact includes a moving contact base, a contact finger assembly, and an annular pressure ring. The moving contact base has a groove with a through hole on its bottom surface. Multiple circumferentially distributed sliding grooves are located outside the through hole, each groove arranged radially along the through hole, and each groove contains a contact finger assembly. The contact finger assembly includes a U-shaped contact finger and a contact finger base. The contact finger base is placed in a corresponding sliding groove, forming a sliding pair with the corresponding groove. One arm of the U-shaped contact finger is fixed to the end of the contact finger base away from the through hole and is inclined outwards. The other arm of the U-shaped contact finger is suspended and closer to the through hole than the arm fixed to the contact finger base. Insulating plates are fixed to the ends of the contact finger base and corresponding sliding grooves near the through hole, and the two insulating plates are connected by a compression spring. The annular pressure ring contacts the outer surface of the arm of each U-shaped contact finger away from the through hole. The transmission mechanism includes an upper guide tube, an upper transmission rod, a U-shaped connector, a lower guide tube, and a lower transmission rod. One end of the upper guide tube is fixed to the end of the through hole away from the groove, and the other end is fixed to a hole in the middle of the U-shaped connector. The upper transmission rod passes through the hole, the upper guide tube, and the through hole, forming a sliding pair with each of the hole, the upper guide tube, and the through hole. The end of the upper transmission rod located in the groove is fixed to a circular pressure ring by multiple connecting rods arranged circumferentially, and a roller is hinged to the end near the hole. A cam is fixed to one end of the gearbox, and a hole is opened at the other end. Both ends of the connecting shaft rotate with the middle of the gearbox. The lower guide tube is fixed to both ends of the U-shaped connector, and a gear is fixed in the middle of the connecting shaft; one end of the lower guide tube is fixed coaxially with the second hole, and the other end is fixed to the third hole in the middle of the rotating seat. One end of the rotating seat is hinged to the base, and the other end forms a ball joint with one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the crank, and the other end of the crank is driven to rotate by the drive motor; the lower transmission rod passes through the second hole, the lower guide tube, and the third hole, and a rack is fixed to the end of the lower transmission rod near the second hole. The rack meshes with the gear, and the end near the third hole is hinged to one end of the connecting rod. The other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the base.

2. The flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stationary contact support consists of a horizontally arranged transverse support and two vertical supports fixed at both ends of the transverse support; the middle part of the transverse support is fixed to the stationary contact seat.

3. The flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the stationary contact rod is provided with an integrally formed drum-shaped body.

4. The flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of one arm of the U-shaped finger near the through hole is provided with an integrally formed protrusion.

5. The flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting seat is fixed on the base. The end of the rotating seat away from the first connecting rod is hinged to the connecting seat, and the end of the second connecting rod away from the lower transmission rod is hinged to the connecting seat.

6. The flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hinge shaft is fixed on the rotating seat, and the connecting rod and the hinge shaft form a ball hinge.

7. The operating method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: Specifically as follows: Each longitudinal support is connected to the power transmission bus or power supply incoming side of the substation. The base is installed on the main foundation frame of the substation and located below the stationary contact rod. When the stationary contact and the moving contact are in the open state, the stationary contact rod and each U-shaped contact finger are not in contact, and the transmission mechanism is in the folded state. When the controller controls the drive motor to drive the crank to rotate forward, the crank pulls the rotating seat through connecting rod one, causing the lower guide tube to rotate upward. This causes the lower transmission rod to drive connecting rod two to rotate. At the same time, the lower transmission rod moves upward relative to the lower guide tube and drives the rack and gear to mesh. The gear drives the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod to rotate upward through the connecting shaft, causing the upper and lower guide tubes to unfold. As the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod rotate upward, the cam contacts the roller and pushes the upper transmission rod to move upward relative to the upper guide tube through the roller. The upper transmission rod drives the annular pressure ring to move upward through each connecting rod. The annular pressure ring pushes each contact finger seat along the corresponding slide groove towards the direction of the upper transmission rod through each U-shaped contact finger, and pushes each U-shaped contact finger to bend and deform towards the direction of the upper transmission rod, so that each U-shaped contact finger contacts the stationary contact rod. Each compression spring is further compressed, thereby completing the closing action. When the controller controls the drive motor to reverse the crank, the crank pushes the rotating seat through connecting rod one, causing the lower guide tube to rotate downwards. This causes the lower transmission rod to rotate through connecting rod two. Simultaneously, the lower transmission rod moves downwards relative to the lower guide tube, causing the rack and pinion to mesh with the gear. The gear, through the connecting shaft, drives the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod to rotate downwards, causing the upper and lower guide tubes to fold. As the U-shaped connector, upper guide tube, and upper transmission rod rotate downwards, the cam disengages from the roller. Under its own gravity, the upper transmission rod moves downwards relative to the upper guide tube. The upper transmission rod, through each connecting rod, drives the annular pressure ring to move downwards. The annular pressure ring disengages from each U-shaped contact finger, and each U-shaped contact finger returns to its original position. The restoring force of each compression spring pushes each contact finger seat, causing each U-shaped contact finger to move along the corresponding slide groove away from the upper transmission rod to its original position. The stationary contact rod no longer contacts each U-shaped contact finger, thus completing the tripping action.

8. The operating method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the closing action is completed, the U-shaped contact finger contacts the stationary contact rod, and the current flows through the stationary contact rod to the U-shaped contact finger. Because the U-shaped contact finger has a U-shaped structure, the current flow direction in the stationary contact rod is opposite to the current flow direction in one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod. The current flows in opposite directions in the two arms of the U-shaped contact finger, and these opposing currents repel each other. Let the total repulsive force exerted on the arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod by the other arm of the U-shaped contact finger and the middle section of the U-shaped contact finger be... The stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger, on one arm closest to the stationary contact rod, experience a total repulsive force from the stationary contact rod. The dimensions of the stationary contact rod, the drum-shaped body, and the U-shaped contact finger, as well as the magnitude of the current flowing through them, are designed to ensure that... .

9. The operating method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 8, characterized in that: Total repulsive force one The principal repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger And the local repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by one arm near the stationary contact rod and the middle section. Composition, that is The primary repulsive force generated between the two parallel arms of the U-shaped finger for In the formula, For the current flowing through the arm furthest from the stationary contact rod, For the current flowing through one arm closest to the stationary contact rod, and , To calculate the principal repulsive force The loop coefficient; For two arms of unequal length and parallel, the loop coefficient for In the formula, A is the distance between the axes of the two arms, L1 is the length of the arm furthest from the stationary contact rod, L2 is the length of the arm closest to the stationary contact rod, and L1 is greater than L2; b1 is the length difference between the upper ends of the two arms; GMD1 is the geometric mean distance between the cross sections of the two arms. The cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped contact finger is rectangular. Let the length of the U-shaped contact finger be h and the width be w. The geometric mean distance between the cross-sections of the two arms is: Localized repulsive force generated on the L-shaped conductor for In the formula, The current flowing through the middle section, and The equivalent radius of L-shaped conductor one The geometric mean distance of a rectangular cross section .

10. The operating method of the flexible moving and stationary contact combination type vertical telescopic disconnector according to claim 8, characterized in that: Total repulsive force 2 The Lorentz force generated between the stationary contact rod and one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near one arm of the stationary contact rod. And the Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact point between the drum-shaped body and the corresponding arm of the U-shaped contact finger. composition; Lorentz force for In the formula, The current flowing through the stationary contact rod. To calculate the Lorentz force The loop coefficient, GMD2 is the geometric mean distance between the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near the arm of the stationary contact rod, L3 is the length of the stationary contact rod, and b2 is the length difference between the lower end of the stationary contact rod and the lower end of the U-shaped contact finger near the arm of the stationary contact rod. Let the distance between the center of the stationary contact rod cross-section and the center of the cross-section of one arm of the U-shaped contact finger closest to the stationary contact rod be... The inner and outer diameters of the stationary contact rod are r and R, respectively. The geometric mean distance between the stationary contact rod and the U-shaped contact finger near one arm of the stationary contact rod is: The electrodynamic force generated on the L-shaped conductor formed by the drum-shaped body at the lower end of the stationary contact rod and one arm of the U-shaped contact finger near the stationary contact rod. for In the formula, L d The radius of the drum-shaped body is given by the equivalent radius of the L-shaped conductor. The drum-shaped cross-section is replaced with a circular cross-section conductor with equal geometrical distance and area. The equivalent radius of the drum-shaped cross-section is... , The area of ​​the cross-section of the drum-shaped body; The Holm force generated by the current contraction at the contact point between the drum-shaped body and the corresponding arm for In the formula, For contact coefficient, The Brinell hardness is for the U-shaped finger material. It is the contact force.

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