Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using a plug-in technique

Abstract

The application provides a Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using a plug-in technology, comprising, from top to bottom, a radome layer, a radiation slot layer, a first coupling feed layer, a second coupling feed layer and an H-T waveguide feed network layer; wherein the radiation slot layer, the first coupling feed layer, the second coupling feed layer and the H-T waveguide feed network layer are four-layer metal laminated structures, and adjacent functional layers share the same metal plate as a cavity partition wall. The H-T waveguide feed network layer adopts a three-stage H-T branch structure feed network, and uses a hybrid weighting strategy to distribute the amplitude and phase of the excitation signal, thereby realizing low sidelobe characteristics. The two sub-arrays on the antenna surface are connected using an eccentric plug-in splicing structure, so that the splicing seam deviates from the central axis of the waveguide wide side, thereby reducing energy leakage and reflection loss. The application has the advantages of high gain, low sidelobe, low profile, high space utilization and easy processing and manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, specifically to a Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna employing interpolation technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information communication systems, satellite communication, remote sensing, missile-borne communication, and electronic warfare are placing increasingly higher demands on antennas. In recent years, with the rapid iteration of modern military, electronic warfare, and various types of guided weapon systems, the functions of communication systems are becoming more diversified, integrated, and miniaturized—that is, maximizing the use of antenna space to achieve maximum functionality within a limited area. Waveguide slot array antennas, due to their advantages of high power capacity, high radiation efficiency, and compact structure, are widely used in radar, communication, and microwave detection systems. As wireless systems continue to demand higher antenna performance, achieving high gain, low sidelobes, and high efficiency radiation performance within a limited aperture, while simultaneously reducing processing difficulty and manufacturing costs, is currently a key research focus.

[0003] However, existing waveguide slot array antennas mainly face the following technical challenges: First, there is a conflict between space utilization and electrical performance. Feed networks often occupy a significant amount of space, resulting in low antenna space utilization and an increased overall antenna profile. This also hinders amplitude reduction and antenna aperture size. While some compact designs reduce size, coupling interference between the feed network and the radiating layer degrades antenna electrical performance.

[0004] Second, the balance between sidelobe suppression and gain. Low sidelobe design usually uses amplitude weighting or phase weighting, but single weighting often sacrifices main lobe gain or increases feed complexity. Sidelobe weighting often uses a single Taylor or Chebyshev function, which makes it difficult to balance low sidelobes, narrow beam, and gain flatness, thus limiting overall performance.

[0005] Third, the limitations of large-size antenna manufacturing. The overall size of array antennas of 16×16 and above often exceeds the processing range of precision machining equipment, necessitating the use of modular manufacturing followed by splicing. However, traditional splicing techniques are prone to problems such as energy leakage and enhanced reflection at waveguide connections, especially when splicing in areas where waveguide energy is most concentrated, which significantly increases insertion loss and reduces antenna efficiency.

[0006] Fourth, the design complexity of the feed network is high. Although the HT waveguide feed structure can achieve a flat design, achieving uniform amplitude and phase distribution over a wide bandwidth remains a design challenge.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes an innovative planar array antenna structure and design method. By employing structural layer optimization, hybrid weighted algorithms, and eccentric interlocking splicing technology, it comprehensively solves multiple defects of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology, which solves the technical problems of low space utilization, difficulty in balancing sidelobe suppression and gain, and large splicing loss in the processing of large-size antennas in the prior art, and realizes an antenna structure with high gain, low sidelobe characteristics and easy processing and manufacturing.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology comprises an antenna assembly consisting of an antenna radome, a radiating slot layer, a first coupling feed layer, a second coupling feed layer, and an HT waveguide feed network layer stacked sequentially from top to bottom; The radiation slot layer, the first coupling feed layer, the second coupling feed layer, and the HT waveguide feed network layer are four-layer metal stacked structures that form the antenna surface. Adjacent functional layers of the radiation slot layer, the first coupling feed layer, the second coupling feed layer, and the HT waveguide feed network layer share the same metal plate as the cavity partition wall. The HT waveguide feed network layer adopts a three-level HT branch structure feed network and uses a hybrid weighting strategy to allocate the amplitude and phase of the input excitation signal. The antenna surface is formed by splicing two subarrays together through an eccentric interlocking splicing structure, which causes the splicing seam to be offset from the waveguide energy center region.

[0010] Furthermore, the radiation slot layer is composed of a 16×16 square radiation slot array, with the radiation slots arranged in a longitudinal parallel manner, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent radiation slots is 0.8 to 0.9 times the waveguide wavelength.

[0011] Furthermore, the three-level HT branch structure of the HT waveguide feeding network layer is as follows: the first level divides the input signal into two equal paths, the second level divides the two paths into four equal paths, and the third level divides the four paths into sixteen equal paths; the sixteen outputs are respectively connected to sixteen coupled waveguides, and vertical feeding is achieved through coupling gaps.

[0012] Furthermore, the hybrid weighting strategy includes: The amplitude weight of each unit is calculated using the Taylor distribution function to determine the power allocation ratio of the feeder network; Based on amplitude weighting, diaphragms or asymmetric steps are introduced into the power supply network to achieve amplitude weighting; The phase distribution of each port is extracted by full-wave simulation, and a phase compensation structure is designed to achieve phase weighting.

[0013] Furthermore, the phase compensation structure is implemented by adjusting the length of the branch waveguide, so that the phase error of each output port is controlled within ±5°.

[0014] Furthermore, the waveguide channels at the splicing position of the eccentric interlocking splicing structure are staggered on both sides of the splicing seam, so that the waveguide splicing seam deviates from the central axis of the wide side of the waveguide.

[0015] Furthermore, in the eccentric interlocking splicing structure, the lateral offset of the main waveguide on both sides of the center line of the splicing area is 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 of the width of the waveguide, and the eccentricity e = 0.18a, where a is the width of the waveguide, and the splicing surface is located at 1 / 3 of the width.

[0016] Furthermore, the eccentric interlocking splicing structure also includes multiple interlocking teeth spaced apart along the splicing seam direction, with adjacent interlocking teeth forming interlocking slots, and the interlocking teeth of the upper and lower rectangular parts meshing with the interlocking slots; the width of the interlocking teeth is 1 / 10 to 1 / 6 of the waveguide wavelength, and the interlocking depth is 2 to 3 times the waveguide wall thickness.

[0017] Furthermore, the radome is made of composite material and coated with an anti-reflective coating on the inside. An air gap is left between the radome and the radiation gap layer, and the height of the gap is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0018] Furthermore, the interlocking interface of the eccentric interlocking splicing structure is provided with a positioning tenon, a guide groove, and an elastic conductive contact.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention improves space utilization through a compact structural design and optimizes sidelobe characteristics by using a hybrid weighted strategy at the performance level, achieving a dual breakthrough in product performance and space utilization efficiency, and avoiding interference or heat dissipation problems caused by high-density antenna integration in traditional designs.

[0020] (2) To address the challenges of fabricating large-size antennas, this invention innovatively employs waveguide interlocking splicing technology and eccentrically designs the main waveguide, causing the splicing seam to actively deviate from the area where the waveguide energy is most concentrated, significantly reducing energy leakage and reflection loss at the splicing point, ensuring antenna efficiency, and reducing fabrication difficulty.

[0021] (3) A hybrid weighting strategy is adopted to finely control the sidelobes, which takes into account both low spurious interference and high gain requirements, improves energy concentration, and significantly enhances the anti-interference capability of the system. Single weighting often sacrifices gain or increases complexity. Hybrid weighting of amplitude and phase can take the best of both worlds and achieve extremely low sidelobe levels while ensuring minimal gain loss. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the antenna of the present invention; Figure 2This is a topology diagram of the HT waveguide feed network of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the layered structure of the antenna of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna insertion structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of a traditional symmetrically distributed waveguide interpolation structure. Figure 6 The graph shows the influence of waveguide structures (centered symmetric and asymmetric) on the antenna radiation gain at the same frequency. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, this invention proposes a Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology. The antenna comprises, from top to bottom, a radome layer 1, a radiating slot layer 2, two coupled feed layers 3, and an HT waveguide feed network layer 4, for a total of five layers. Removing the radome, the four compact layers of the antenna surface utilize HT waveguide coupling feed, maximizing space utilization. The coupling slots precisely match the radiating waveguide impedance, eliminating the need for additional matching components and cross-wiring, resulting in a space utilization improvement of ≥25% and a profile reduction of ≥15% compared to traditional solutions.

[0025] Conventional waveguide slot arrays typically employ laterally bifurcated feeding and a multi-stage power divider network arranged in a planar layout. The power divider branches extend laterally along the aperture plane, and the power divider branches and coupling feed lines occupy a significant amount of the array's aperture plane space. Furthermore, in traditional schemes, the radiating layer and the feeding layer are placed in separate cavities, with reserved space between layers for assembly and wiring, further occupying horizontal and vertical layout area, thus limiting the effective radiating aperture ratio of the array. Traditional structures also require reserved space for cross-layer wiring and the installation of external matching accessories, further encroaching on the radiating unit layout space, resulting in a relatively low effective radiating area ratio.

[0026] This antenna features a vertically stacked radiating slot layer, a double-layer coupled feed layer, and a HT power distribution layer. The entire feed and power distribution network is vertically stacked directly below the radiating elements, eliminating redundant feed branches and cross-layer wiring, thus completely eliminating the aperture area occupied by lateral feed traces. Simultaneously, the coupling slots directly perform waveguide impedance matching, saving the installation space for external matching components. Areas previously used for feed wiring and component assembly are now entirely converted into effective radiating element placement areas. This is within the original 500mm design... With a 500mm size profile, by changing the array element size and re-laying the waveguide feed network, the physical size of the antenna is reduced and the effective area is expanded.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the HT waveguide vertical stacked feeding structure of this invention can accommodate more radiating slot elements under the same external diameter constraint, resulting in an actual antenna size of <470mm. With a diameter of 470mm, the effective radiation area ratio is significantly increased, and the gain is improved by 0.5~1dB; compared with traditional planar feed arrays of the same specifications, the effective space utilization rate is improved by ≥25%.

[0028] 1. Equivalent area transformation: The effective area before optimization is denoted as S. 有效1 The optimized effective area is denoted as S. 有效2 The efficiencies are denoted as η1 and η2, respectively.

[0029] ; ; ; That is, the change in physical dimensions increases the effective space utilization rate by 13.17%.

[0030] 2. Gain Boost The optimized gain is increased by 0.5~1dB, which is equivalent to an increase of 12.2~15.27% in the effective size of the antenna. Therefore, overall, the effective space utilization is improved by ≥25%.

[0031] ; 3. Gain Calculation Standard definition of antenna maximum gain: ; Where G is the antenna peak gain, λ is the antenna operating wavelength, and Seffective is the effective area of ​​the antenna.

[0032] Based on the relationship between antenna gain and effective area, and combining the gains before and after optimization (Seffective1, Seffective2), we can calculate G1 and G2. The gain difference is expressed in decibels. ; This leads to the calculation of the improvement in effective space utilization: ; In addition, traditional layered antennas require space for assembly gaps and routing avoidance between functional layers (radiating layer, coupled feeding layer, and power layer), in addition to the cavity wall thickness. Furthermore, the independent cavity power distribution structure itself has a large waveguide cavity height. After multiple independent cavities are stacked, the overall profile thickness of the antenna is accumulated by the multiple cavities and the multiple assembly redundancy gaps, resulting in a bulky overall profile.

[0033] This invention employs a shared cavity wall reuse technology, enabling four metal layers to be tightly laminated and stacked. Adjacent functional layers share the same metal plate as the cavity partition wall, eliminating the need for separate base plates and cover plates for each cavity layer in traditional solutions. By eliminating redundant interlayer gaps, electromagnetic wave coupling between layers is achieved through coupling seams, eliminating the need for pre-reserved wiring and assembly clearances, and removing multiple layers of redundant gap thickness. Under the same electrical performance constraints, the overall cross-sectional height is only 15mm thick, a reduction of ≥15% compared to traditional discrete cavity structures.

[0034] The antenna consists of two parts: the radome and the antenna surface. The radome is made of multi-layered composite material, with each layer coated with an anti-reflective coating on the inside. An air gap exists between the radome and the radiating slot layer, with the gap height being 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating band. The antenna surface has a four-layer metal stacked structure: a radiating slot layer, a first coupling feed layer, a second coupling feed layer, and a HT waveguide power layer. The feed network uses HT waveguide power dividers and coupling slot feeds, arranged vertically in a stacked configuration, with no lateral redundancy and a thin profile in the longitudinal direction.

[0035] The first layer is a radiating slot layer, consisting of a 16×16 square array of radiating slots. It is fabricated from an alloy plate with a thickness of approximately 2 mm and has 256 longitudinal slots. The radiating slots in the radiating slot layer are arranged in parallel longitudinally, with the center-to-center spacing between adjacent radiating slots being 0.8 to 0.9 times the waveguide wavelength.

[0036] The second and third layers are both coupled feed layers. The second layer is the cavity signal coupling layer, and the third layer is the waveguide slot coupled feed layer. A High-Level (HT) waveguide structure is used to achieve coupled feeding, with energy vertically transmitted from the feed network to the radiation slot through coupling slots. The coupled feed layer and the HT waveguide feed network layer share the same plane and employ an HT waveguide structure. The feed network is a tree-like three-level HT branch: the first level divides the input signal into two equal paths, the second level divides the two paths into four equal paths, and the third level divides the four paths into sixteen equal paths. The sixteen outputs are connected to sixteen coupled waveguides, achieving vertical feeding through coupling slots, greatly improving space utilization and realizing the miniaturization and low-profile design of the high-gain antenna.

[0037] The fourth layer is an HT waveguide feed network topology, employing a three-stage HT branch to achieve 16 outputs. The HT waveguide feed network layer contains an HT-type feed network composed of multiple waveguides, using a hybrid weighting strategy to allocate amplitude and phase of the input excitation signal. Hybrid weighting avoids sidelobe rise or gain loss inherent in single-algorithm approaches. The design first uses a Taylor distribution function to calculate the amplitude weight of each unit, determining the power distribution ratio of the feed network. Then, based on the amplitude weights, diaphragms or asymmetric steps are introduced into the feed network to achieve amplitude weighting. Finally, the phase distribution of each port is extracted through full-wave simulation, and a phase compensation structure is designed to achieve hybrid weighting. The phase compensation structure is implemented by adjusting the branch waveguide length, ensuring that the phase error of each output port is controlled within ±5°. In the second and third-stage HT branches, amplitude weighting is achieved by adjusting the branch waveguide width, with the amplitude weight of each port set according to a Taylor distribution.

[0038] The HT-type feed network, coupled with amplitude and phase hybrid weighted sidelobe fine control, features a compact stacked structure that eliminates the need for additional cavity thickening or increased wiring space to optimize sidelobe levels. This achieves low sidelobes and high gain while maintaining a small profile and high space utilization. During simulation, different weights are allocated according to the power divider network hierarchy. Gaussian distribution coefficients are used to shape the antenna sidelobes based on these weights. After calculating the specific power values, the unequal power divider network is further optimized.

[0039] The eccentric interlocking splicing structure design of the present invention is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a 16×16 array is divided into two 8×16 subarrays, with an off-center interlocking splicing structure designed so that the splicing seam is off-center from the waveguide energy center. Large-size antenna surfaces have high overall processing costs and low yield rates; segmented splicing is often located on the central axis of the main waveguide (where the field strength is maximum), leading to large mismatch losses, reduced efficiency, and worsened standing wave ratios. This invention's 16×16 square antenna surface is composed of two 8×16 rectangular sections spliced ​​together, with the seam between the two rectangular sections located on the antenna's geometric center line. The two rectangular sections are spliced ​​using waveguide interlocking technology, and the main waveguide is designed off-center: the waveguide channels at the splicing location are staggered on both sides of the seam, causing the waveguide splicing seam to deviate from the central region of the waveguide energy distribution, avoiding the location of the most concentrated energy, thereby reducing energy leakage and reflection losses at the splicing point.

[0040] The 16×16 square radiating surface is equally divided into upper and lower rectangular subarrays, connected mechanically and electromagnetically by a waveguide interlocking structure. The main waveguide is eccentrically designed: the splicing surface is offset from the central axis of the waveguide's wide side (where the electric field of the TE10 mode is maximum), and placed in an eccentric region with a weaker field strength. The eccentricity e = 0.18a (where a is the wide side of the waveguide), and the splicing surface is located at 1 / 3 of the wide side. The square array is divided into upper 8×16 and lower 8×16 rectangular subarrays along the horizontal centerline; the main feed waveguide is eccentrically positioned at the splicing point, with the splicing surface located in the non-central axis low field strength region. The eccentric interlocking splicing structure includes a positioning tenon, a guide groove, and an elastic conductive contact to ensure electrical contact and structural strength. According to the invention's design method, the interlocking structure includes multiple interlocking teeth spaced apart along the joint direction. Adjacent interlocking teeth form interlocking slots. The interlocking teeth and interlocking slots of the upper and lower rectangular sections interlock with each other. Mutually cooperating protruding and recessed interlocking structures are respectively provided on the mating surfaces of the upper and lower rectangular sections. The width of the interlocking teeth is 1 / 10 to 1 / 6 of the waveguide wavelength, and the interlocking depth is 2 to 3 times the waveguide wall thickness. The lateral offset of the main waveguide on both sides of the centerline of the splicing area is 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 of the waveguide's wide side dimension, placing the splicing seam in the waveguide's weak energy region, controlling the splicing loss to within 0.2 dB, and improving antenna efficiency by 5% to 8%.

[0041] Figure 4 The design employs an asymmetric waveguide interlocking structure. The lateral offset of the main waveguide on both sides of the centerline of the splicing area is 3.5 mm, which is 1 / 6 of the wide side dimension of the waveguide, ensuring that the splicing seam is located in the waveguide's weak energy region. The splicing loss is controlled within 0.2 dB, and the antenna efficiency is improved by 5% to 8%. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the main waveguide is located on both sides of the center line of the splicing area, and the splicing seam is located in the center of the waveguide. The splicing seam is generated in the place where the energy intensity is the highest, which will lead to serious energy leakage and efficiency loss. Figure 6 The influence of waveguide structure on the antenna radiation gain at the same frequency is shown for the centrally symmetrical waveguide interpolation structure (red line) and the asymmetric waveguide interpolation structure (blue line).

[0042] In summary, this invention provides a high-gain, low-sidelobe 16×16 planar slot array antenna operating in the Ku band, employing HT waveguide coupling feed, hybrid weighted sidelobe suppression, and eccentric interlocking splicing technology. This solves the technical problems of low space utilization, difficulty in balancing sidelobe suppression and gain, and high processing and splicing losses in large-size antennas in the prior art, achieving an antenna structure with high gain, low sidelobe characteristics, and ease of processing and manufacturing.

[0043] By improving space utilization through a compact structural design and optimizing sidelobe characteristics through a hybrid weighted strategy, a dual breakthrough in product performance and space utilization efficiency has been achieved, avoiding interference or heat dissipation problems caused by high-density antenna integration in traditional designs.

[0044] Meanwhile, addressing the challenges of fabricating large-size antennas, this invention innovatively employs waveguide interlocking splicing technology and an eccentric design for the main waveguide. This actively deviates the splicing seam from the area of ​​highest energy concentration in the waveguide, significantly reducing energy leakage and reflection loss at the splicing point, ensuring antenna efficiency, and reducing fabrication difficulty. This design reduces splicing loss to below 0.2dB, superior to the 0.5~0.8dB loss of traditional mating structures. The designed Ku-band waveguide slotted planar array antenna features low sidelobe synthesis and a waveguide splicing structure, further reducing the antenna's storage volume. It is suitable for high-gain, low-sidelobe, high-efficiency, and miniaturized applications such as satellite communication, radar detection, and point-to-point broadband transmission.

[0045] Simultaneously, a hybrid weighting strategy is employed to finely control the sidelobes, balancing low spurious interference with high gain requirements, improving energy concentration, and significantly enhancing the system's anti-interference capability. Single weighting often sacrifices gain or increases complexity; hybrid weighting of amplitude and phase can compensate for these shortcomings, achieving extremely low sidelobe levels while minimizing gain loss.

[0046] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna employing interpolation technology, characterized in that, The antenna assembly consists of an antenna radome, a radiating slot layer, a first coupling feed layer, a second coupling feed layer, and an HT waveguide feed network layer, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The radiation slot layer, the first coupling feed layer, the second coupling feed layer, and the HT waveguide feed network layer are four-layer metal stacked structures that form the antenna surface. Adjacent functional layers of the radiation slot layer, the first coupling feed layer, the second coupling feed layer, and the HT waveguide feed network layer share the same metal plate as the cavity partition wall. The HT waveguide feed network layer adopts a three-level HT branch structure feed network and uses a hybrid weighting strategy to allocate the amplitude and phase of the input excitation signal. The antenna surface is formed by splicing two subarrays together using an eccentric interlocking splicing structure, which causes the splicing seam to be offset from the waveguide energy center region.

2. The Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation slot layer consists of a 16×16 square radiation slot array, with the radiation slots arranged in a longitudinal parallel manner, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent radiation slots is 0.8 to 0.9 times the waveguide wavelength.

3. The Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-level HT branch structure of the HT waveguide feed network layer is as follows: the first level divides the input signal into 2 equal paths, the second level divides the two paths into 4 equal paths, and the third level divides the 4 paths into 16 equal paths. The 16 outputs are connected to 16 coupled waveguides respectively, and vertical feeding is achieved through coupling gaps.

4. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hybrid weighting strategy includes: The amplitude excitation weights of each of the 16×16 radiating slot elements in the radiating slot layer are calculated based on the Taylor distribution function, and the amplitude excitation weights are converted into the power allocation ratios of the sixteen output ports according to the feeding correspondence between the sixteen output ports of the HT waveguide feed network layer and each radiating slot element. According to the power distribution ratio, in the second and third level HT branch structures of the HT waveguide feed network layer, amplitude weighting of each output port is achieved by adjusting the width of the branch waveguide or introducing a diaphragm. The phase distribution information of the sixteen output ports is extracted by full-wave simulation, and a phase compensation structure is designed based on the extracted phase distribution to compensate for the phase deviation of the power supply network and achieve phase weighting.

5. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, The phase compensation structure is achieved by adjusting the length of the branch waveguide, so that the phase error of each output port is controlled within ±5°.

6. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide channels at the splicing position of the eccentric interlocking splicing structure are staggered on both sides of the splicing seam, so that the waveguide splicing seam is deviated from the central axis of the wide side of the waveguide.

7. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the eccentric interlocking splicing structure, the lateral offset of the main waveguide on both sides of the center line of the splicing area is 1 / 8 to 1 / 4 of the width of the waveguide, and the eccentricity e = 0.18a, where a is the width of the waveguide, and the splicing surface is located at 1 / 3 of the width.

8. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The eccentric interlocking splicing structure includes multiple interlocking teeth spaced apart along the splicing seam direction, with adjacent interlocking teeth forming interlocking slots, and the interlocking teeth of the upper and lower rectangular parts meshing with the interlocking slots; the width of the interlocking teeth is 1 / 10 to 1 / 6 of the waveguide wavelength, and the interlocking depth is 2 to 3 times the waveguide wall thickness.

9. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radome is made of composite material and coated with an anti-reflective coating on the inside. An air gap is left between the radome and the radiating slot layer, and the height of the air gap is 1 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band.

10. A Ku-band planar waveguide slot array antenna using interpolation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking interface of the eccentric interlocking splicing structure is provided with a positioning tenon, a guide groove and an elastic conductive contact.

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