A household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid intelligent control box and system

Abstract

The application relates to a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control box and system, and belongs to the field of new energy micro-grid systems, which comprises a box body, a mounting bottom plate and a system topology. The box body is composed of a rainproof roof, a fixed angle iron, a mounting bottom plate, an inner door and an outer door. The inner door is provided with a touch screen, an operation indicator lamp, a fault indicator lamp and an emergency stop button, and the outer door is provided with a transparent glass panel and a door lock. The mounting bottom plate is provided with a conversion power supply, an exchange, an IOT module, a controller, a communication converter, a relay module, a terminal strip, a meter, a light-storage switch, a fan switch, a load switch, a grid-connected switch, surge protection, a socket and a ground strip. After the system is integrated with a light-storage system and a fan system, the system can not only supply power to a household load in an off-grid mode, but also operate in a grid-connected mode, and the system can be controlled to be connected to or disconnected from the grid, and has multiple working modes to be selected. The system adopts a design of a roof and a double-layer door, meets outdoor protection grade requirements, and is provided with surge protection to ensure the safety of electrical elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy microgrid system technology, specifically to a smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, power grids in some developing countries, remote areas, and island nations still suffer from insufficient coverage, poor power supply reliability, and high electricity prices. Meanwhile, even in regions with developed power grids, frequent extreme weather events threaten the stability of the main power grid, leading to a growing demand from users for energy self-sufficiency and power security. Integrating local distributed renewable energy technologies (such as photovoltaics and small wind turbines), energy storage technologies (such as lithium batteries), energy conversion devices (inverters and controllers), and intelligent control technologies to construct efficient, reliable, and economical home energy systems is a key and crucial pathway to achieving uninterrupted power supply to critical home loads, energy liberalization, and improved home energy resilience. Therefore, designing a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control box and system has become one of the key technologies for solving this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a smart control box and system for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid, which has advantages such as high system compatibility, modular structure configuration, and multiple operating modes to choose from, thus solving the problem of unstable power supply for existing household users.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid, comprising a box body, the box body being composed of a rainproof roof, fixed angle iron, mounting base plate, inner door and outer door, the outer door being equipped with a transparent acrylic plate and a door lock, and the inner door being equipped with a touch screen, a running indicator light, a fault indicator light and an emergency stop button; The mounting base plate is equipped with a power conversion device, switch, IoT module, controller, communication converter, relay module, terminal block, metering instrument, optical storage switch, fan switch, load switch, grid connection switch, surge protection, socket and grounding bar; The rainproof roof is fixed to the top of the box, the fixing angle iron is used for outdoor installation and fixing of the box, and the inner door and the outer door form a double door structure.

[0005] Preferably, the conversion power supply is used to enable the system to perform a black start function without relying on an external power source.

[0006] Preferably, the switch and communication converter are used to realize communication connection with the photovoltaic storage system and the wind turbine system, and the communication converter supports RS485, CAN or Ethernet communication protocols.

[0007] Preferably, the surge protection is used for lightning protection when installed outdoors, and the surge protection is installed between the AC busbar and the grounding bar.

[0008] Preferably, the IoT module is used to realize remote monitoring and control of the system, and the IoT module supports 4G, Wi-Fi or Ethernet uplink.

[0009] Preferably, the controller provides a programming platform for the system, and the controller is a PLC or an embedded microcontroller.

[0010] A residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control system includes the aforementioned residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control box, and further includes photovoltaic modules, a BMS system, a BMS controller, a wind turbine generator, a solar-storage converter, a wind turbine controller, a DC bus, a control bus, a communication bus, an AC bus, electrical loads, and a power grid, wherein: The controller inside the control box is a power distribution EMS controller. The photovoltaic modules, BMS system and photovoltaic-storage converter are connected to the DC bus. The DC bus is connected to the AC bus via the photovoltaic-storage switch inside the control box. The wind turbine is connected to the AC bus via the wind turbine controller and the wind turbine switch in the control box; The electrical load is connected to the AC bus via a load switch inside the control box; The power grid is connected to the AC bus via a grid-connected switch inside the control box; The metering instruments inside the control box are connected to the AC busbar; The controller is connected to the BMS controller via the control bus to achieve black start; the controller is also connected to the photovoltaic energy storage converter, BMS controller, wind turbine controller and metering instruments via the communication bus, and realizes the switching of multiple working modes and grid-connected and grid-off control through software strategy scheduling. The relay module inside the control box is controlled by the controller and is used to perform the opening and closing operations of the photovoltaic energy storage switch, wind turbine switch, load switch and grid connection switch.

[0011] Preferably, the operating modes of the system include photovoltaic-storage grid-connected mode, wind-storage grid-connected mode, wind-solar-storage grid-connected mode, photovoltaic-storage off-grid mode, wind-storage off-grid mode, and wind-solar-storage off-grid mode. In grid-connected mode, the controller monitors the power at the grid connection point through metering instruments and controls the photovoltaic-storage converter and wind turbine controller to make the power fed by the system to the grid zero, thus achieving grid connection without grid connection.

[0012] Preferably, in off-grid mode, the system restricts photovoltaic or wind turbine power generation when the battery SOC reaches a high limit, and prompts the user and disconnects the load switch when the SOC is insufficient. When the emergency stop button is triggered, the controller immediately disconnects the photovoltaic-storage switch, wind turbine switch, load switch and grid connection switch, and stops the operation of the photovoltaic-storage converter and wind turbine controller.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a smart control box and system for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid intelligent control box and system can be powered by the original household power grid or by wind, solar, and storage microgrids. Users can choose freely, and the system can control grid connection without connecting to the grid, making the system more compatible.

[0014] 2. The household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid intelligent control box and system offers multiple modes to choose from, including solar-storage grid-connected mode, wind-storage grid-connected mode, wind-solar-storage grid-connected mode, solar-storage off-grid mode, wind-storage off-grid mode, and wind-solar-storage off-grid mode. It features a high degree of automation, reduces the risk of power outages in the household grid, and enhances system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a side sectional view of a smart control box for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid and the control box in the system proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer door structure of a smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base structure of a smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a system topology diagram of a smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid proposed in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Rainproof roof, 2. Fixed angle iron, 3. Mounting base plate, 4. Inner door, 5. Outer door, 6. Transparent acrylic panel, 7. Touch screen, 8. Operation indicator light, 9. Fault indicator light, 10. Emergency stop button, 11. Door lock, 12. Power conversion, 13. Switch, 14. IoT module, 15. Controller, 16. Communication converter, 17. Relay module, 18. Terminal block, 19. Metering instrument, 20. Photovoltaic energy storage switch, 21. Wind turbine switch, 22. Load switch, 23. Grid connection switch, 24. Surge protection, 25. Socket, 26. Grounding bar, 27. Photovoltaic module, 28. BMS system, 29. BMS controller, 30. Wind turbine, 31. Photovoltaic energy storage converter, 32. Wind turbine controller, 33. DC bus, 34. Control bus, 35. Communication bus, 36. AC bus, 37. Electrical load. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1 to 3 A smart control box for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid includes a box body, which consists of a rainproof roof 1, fixed angle iron 2, mounting base 3, inner door 4, and outer door 5 to ensure that the box can be used outdoors. The outer door 5 is equipped with a transparent acrylic panel 6 and a door lock 11 to facilitate observation of the system's operating status and protect the electrical components inside the cabinet. The inner door 4 is equipped with a touch screen 7, a running indicator light 8, a fault indicator light 9, and an emergency stop button 10 to facilitate customer operation and intuitive understanding of the system's operating status, while also facilitating timely emergency shutdown of the system.

[0019] The mounting base plate 3 houses a power conversion power supply 12, a switch 13, an IoT module 14, a controller 15, a communication converter 16, a relay module 17, a terminal block 18, metering instruments 19, a photovoltaic energy storage switch 20, a fan switch 21, a load switch 22, a grid connection switch 23, a surge protection device 24, a socket 25, and a grounding bar 26. The photovoltaic energy storage switch 20, fan switch 21, load switch 22, and grid connection switch 23 enable power connection between the system and the photovoltaic energy storage system, fan system, household loads, and the power grid. The socket 25 on the mounting base plate facilitates the connection of other equipment during system maintenance.

[0020] The rainproof roof 1 is fixed to the top of the box, the fixing angle iron 2 is used for outdoor installation and fixing of the box, and the inner door 4 and the outer door 5 form a double door structure.

[0021] The system includes a power conversion unit 12 for enabling black-start functionality without external power supply. A switch 13 and a communication converter 16 establish communication connections with the photovoltaic storage system and wind turbine system; the communication converter 16 supports RS485, CAN, or Ethernet communication protocols. A surge protector 24 provides lightning protection for outdoor installations and is located between the AC busbar 36 and the grounding busbar 26. An IoT module 14 enables remote monitoring and control of the system and supports 4G, Wi-Fi, or Ethernet uplink. A controller 15 provides the system's programming platform; the controller 15 can be a PLC or an embedded microcontroller.

[0022] Based on the aforementioned residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control box, this embodiment also provides a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control system, the system topology of which is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the system specifically includes photovoltaic modules 27, BMS system 28, BMS controller 29, wind turbine generator 30, photovoltaic-storage converter 31, wind turbine controller 32, DC bus 33, control bus 34, communication bus 35, AC bus 36, electrical load 37, and power grid. Among them, the controller 15 in the control box is a distribution EMS controller. The photovoltaic modules 27, BMS system 28, and photovoltaic-storage converter 31 are connected to the DC bus 33. The DC bus 33 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the photovoltaic-storage switch 20 in the control box.

[0023] The wind turbine generator 30 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the wind turbine controller 32 and the wind turbine switch 21 in the control box; the electrical load 37 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the load switch 22 in the control box.

[0024] The power grid is connected to the AC bus 36 via the grid connection switch 23 in the control box. The metering instrument 19 in the control box is connected to the AC bus 36. The controller 15 is connected to the BMS controller 29 via the control bus 34 to achieve black start; the controller 15 is also connected to the photovoltaic-storage converter 31, the BMS controller 29, the wind turbine controller 32, and the metering instrument 19 via the communication bus 35, and realizes the switching of various working modes and grid-connected / non-grid-connected control through software strategy scheduling.

[0025] The relay module 17 in the control box is controlled by the controller 15 and is used to perform the opening and closing operations of the photovoltaic energy storage switch 20, the fan switch 21, the load switch 22 and the grid connection switch 23.

[0026] It should be noted that the system's operating modes include photovoltaic-storage grid-connected mode, wind-storage grid-connected mode, wind-solar-storage grid-connected mode, photovoltaic-storage off-grid mode, wind-storage off-grid mode, and wind-solar-storage off-grid mode. In grid-connected mode, the controller 15 monitors the power at the grid connection point through the metering instrument 19 and controls the photovoltaic-storage converter 31 and the wind turbine controller 32 to make the system's power supply to the grid zero, thus achieving grid connection without grid connection.

[0027] In off-grid mode, when the battery SOC reaches the high limit, the photovoltaic or wind turbine power generation is restricted. When the SOC is insufficient, the user is notified and the load switch 22 is disconnected. When the emergency stop button 10 is triggered, the controller 15 immediately disconnects the photovoltaic-storage switch 20, the wind turbine switch 21, the load switch 22 and the grid connection switch 23, and stops the operation of the photovoltaic-storage converter 31 and the wind turbine controller 32.

[0028] Specifically, in the photovoltaic-storage grid-connected mode: the photovoltaic module 27, BMS system 28, and photovoltaic-storage converter 31 intersect at the DC bus 33, and then are fed to the AC bus 36 via the photovoltaic-storage switch 20. The electrical load 37 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the load switch 22, and the metering instrument 19 is connected to the AC bus 36. The AC bus 36 is connected to the power grid via the grid connection switch 23. The BMS controller 29 and controller 15 are connected via the control bus 34 to achieve system black start. The controller 15, photovoltaic-storage converter 31, BMS controller 29, and metering instrument 19 are connected via the communication bus 35, and software strategy scheduling is used to achieve photovoltaic-storage grid connection without grid connection.

[0029] Wind-storage grid-connected mode: The BMS system 28 and the photovoltaic-storage converter 31 intersect at the DC bus 33, and then the power is transmitted to the AC bus 36 via the photovoltaic-storage switch 20. The wind turbine generator 30 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the wind turbine switch 21, and the wind turbine controller 32 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The electrical load 37 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the load switch 22, and the metering instrument 19 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The AC bus 36 is connected to the power grid via the grid connection switch 23. The BMS controller 29 and the controller 15 are connected via the control bus 34 to achieve system black start. The controller 15 is connected to the photovoltaic-storage converter 31, the BMS controller 29, the wind turbine controller 32, and the metering instrument 19 via the communication bus 35, and wind-storage grid connection without grid connection is achieved through software strategy scheduling.

[0030] In the wind-solar-storage grid-connected mode: the photovoltaic module 27, BMS system 28, and photovoltaic-storage converter 31 intersect at the DC bus 33, and then are fed to the AC bus 36 via photovoltaic-storage switch 20. The wind turbine 30 is connected to the AC bus 36 via wind turbine switch 21, and the wind turbine controller 32 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The electrical load 37 is connected to the AC bus 36 via load switch 22, and the metering instrument 19 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The AC bus 36 is connected to the power grid via grid connection switch 23. The BMS controller 29 and controller 15 are connected via control bus 34 to achieve system black start. The controller 15, photovoltaic-storage converter 31, BMS controller 29, wind turbine controller 32, and metering instrument 19 are connected via communication bus 35, and software strategy scheduling is used to achieve wind-solar-storage grid connection without grid connection.

[0031] Off-grid mode for photovoltaic and energy storage: Photovoltaic modules 27, BMS system 28, and photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31 intersect at DC bus 33, and then are fed to AC bus 36 via photovoltaic-energy storage switch 20. Electrical load 37 is connected to AC bus 36 via load switch 22, and metering instrument 19 is connected to AC bus 36. BMS controller 29 and controller 15 are connected via control bus 34 to achieve system black start. Controller 15 is connected to photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31, BMS controller 29, and metering instrument 19 via communication bus 35. Software strategy scheduling is used to achieve stable off-grid operation of the photovoltaic-energy storage system, limiting photovoltaic power generation when SOC reaches a high limit, and alerting users and promptly disconnecting load switch 22 when SOC is insufficient.

[0032] Off-grid wind and energy storage mode: The BMS system 28 and the photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31 intersect at the DC bus 33, and then the power is transmitted to the AC bus 36 via the photovoltaic-energy storage switch 20. The wind turbine generator 30 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the wind turbine switch 21, and the wind turbine controller 32 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The electrical load 37 is connected to the AC bus 36 via the load switch 22, and the metering instrument 19 is also connected to the AC bus 36. The BMS controller 29 and the controller 15 are connected via the control bus 34 to achieve system black start. The controller 15 is connected to the photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31, the BMS controller 29, the wind turbine controller 32, and the metering instrument 19 via the communication bus 35. Software strategy scheduling is used to achieve stable off-grid operation of the wind and energy storage system, and the system limits wind turbine power generation when the SOC reaches the high limit, and prompts users and disconnects the load switch 22 in a timely manner when the SOC is insufficient.

[0033] Off-grid mode for wind, solar, and energy storage: Photovoltaic modules 27, BMS system 28, and photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31 intersect at DC bus 33, and then are fed to AC bus 36 via photovoltaic-energy storage switch 20. Wind turbine 30 is connected to AC bus 36 via wind turbine switch 21, and wind turbine controller 32 is also connected to AC bus 36. Electrical load 37 is connected to AC bus 36 via load switch 22, and metering instrument 19 is also connected to AC bus 36. BMS controller 29 and controller 15 are connected via control bus 34 to achieve system black start. Controller 15 is connected to photovoltaic-energy storage converter 31, BMS controller 29, wind turbine controller 32, and metering instrument 19 via communication bus 35. Software strategy scheduling is used to achieve stable off-grid operation of the wind, solar, and energy storage system, and to limit photovoltaic and wind turbine power generation when SOC reaches a high limit, and to alert users and disconnect load switch 22 in a timely manner when SOC is insufficient.

[0034] In summary, the smart control box and system for the residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid, with controller 15 communicating with the solar-storage converter 31, BMS controller 29, wind turbine controller 32, and metering instrument 19 via communication bus 35, achieves flexible and adjustable power supply and controllable power flow through software strategies, and can be linked with grid-connected switch 23 for safer grid connection.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart control box and system for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid, comprising a box body, characterized in that: The enclosure consists of a rainproof roof (1), a fixed angle iron (2), a mounting base plate (3), an inner door (4) and an outer door (5). The outer door (5) is equipped with a transparent acrylic panel (6) and a door lock (11). The inner door (4) is equipped with a touch screen (7), a running indicator light (8), a fault indicator light (9) and an emergency stop button (10). The mounting base plate (3) is equipped with a power conversion power supply (12), a switch (13), an IOT module (14), a controller (15), a communication converter (16), a relay module (17), a terminal block (18), a metering instrument (19), a photovoltaic energy storage switch (20), a fan switch (21), a load switch (22), a grid connection switch (23), a surge protection device (24), a socket (25), and a grounding bar (26). The rainproof roof (1) is fixed to the top of the box, the fixed angle iron (2) is used for outdoor installation and fixing of the box, and the inner door (4) and the outer door (5) form a double door structure.

2. The intelligent control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion power supply (12) is used to enable the system to start without relying on an external power source.

3. The intelligent control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch (13) and communication converter (16) are used to realize communication connection with the photovoltaic storage system and the wind turbine system. The communication converter (16) supports RS485, CAN or Ethernet communication protocols.

4. The intelligent control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surge protection (24) is used for lightning protection when installed outdoors. The surge protection (24) is installed between the AC busbar (36) and the grounding bar (26).

5. The intelligent control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IOT module (14) is used to realize remote monitoring and control of the system. The IOT module (14) supports 4G, Wi-Fi or Ethernet uplink.

6. The intelligent control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (15) provides the system's programming platform, and the controller (15) is a PLC or an embedded microcontroller.

7. A residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control system, characterized in that: The residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected intelligent control box, as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, further includes photovoltaic modules (27), a BMS system (28), a BMS controller (29), a wind turbine (30), a solar-storage converter (31), a wind turbine controller (32), a DC bus (33), a control bus (34), a communication bus (35), an AC bus (36), electrical loads (37), and a power grid, wherein: The controller (15) in the control box is a power distribution EMS controller. The photovoltaic module (27), BMS system (28) and photovoltaic-storage converter (31) are connected to the DC bus (33). The DC bus (33) is connected to the AC bus (36) via the photovoltaic-storage switch (20) in the control box. The wind turbine (30) is connected to the AC bus (36) via the wind turbine controller (32) and the wind turbine switch (21) in the control box. The electrical load (37) is connected to the AC bus (36) via the load switch (22) in the control box. The power grid is connected to the AC bus (36) via the grid connection switch (23) in the control box. The metering instrument (19) inside the control box is connected to the AC bus (36); The controller (15) is connected to the BMS controller (29) via the control bus (34) to achieve black start; the controller (15) is also connected to the photovoltaic energy storage converter (31), the BMS controller (29), the wind turbine controller (32) and the metering instrument (19) via the communication bus (35) to achieve switching of multiple working modes and grid connection without grid connection control through software strategy scheduling; The relay module (17) in the control box is controlled by the controller (15) and is used to perform the opening and closing operations of the photovoltaic energy storage switch (20), the wind turbine switch (21), the load switch (22) and the grid connection switch (23).

8. The intelligent control box and system for a residential wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system's operating modes include photovoltaic-storage grid-connected mode, wind-storage grid-connected mode, wind-solar-storage grid-connected mode, photovoltaic-storage off-grid mode, wind-storage off-grid mode, and wind-solar-storage off-grid mode. In grid-connected mode, the controller (15) monitors the grid-connected power through the metering instrument (19) and controls the photovoltaic-storage converter (31) and the wind turbine controller (32) to make the system's power supply to the grid zero, thus achieving grid connection without grid connection.

9. A smart control box and system for a household wind-solar-storage grid-connected microgrid according to claim 7, characterized in that: In off-grid mode, the system restricts photovoltaic or wind turbine power generation when the battery SOC reaches the high limit. When the SOC is insufficient, it prompts the user and disconnects the load switch (22). When the emergency stop button (10) is triggered, the controller (15) immediately disconnects the photovoltaic-storage switch (20), the wind turbine switch (21), the load switch (22), and the grid connection switch (23), and stops the operation of the photovoltaic-storage converter (31) and the wind turbine controller (32).

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