Narrow cable trench cable support facilitating maintenance

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of narrow cable trench cable support convenient for overhaul, it is related to cable laying technical field, including first vertical frame and being installed on first vertical frame several first support arm;Further include: second vertical frame, several second support arms are installed on second vertical frame;Cross frame is fixedly connected between first vertical frame and second vertical frame, several mounting holes are opened in cross frame, for being installed in cable trench inner side wall by expansion screw;The top of first support arm is equipped with first wire holder by adjusting assembly.The application drives first wire holder to generate transverse displacement by adjusting assembly, positioning assembly pulls cable wave crest to move to outside, while floating assembly provides passive follow-up retreat, so as to realize the characteristics of work space to give way without disassembling cable, solve the problem that lower layer cable cannot be maintained or detected due to insufficient operation space in narrow cable trench.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable laying technology, and more specifically to a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to inspect and maintain. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of power, communication and industrial utility tunnels, cable trenches are the main underground structures that accommodate and protect power cables and control cables. In order to achieve orderly cable arrangement and improve space utilization in the limited underground space, cable supports are usually installed on the inner sidewall of the cable trench. The support arms arranged vertically on the supports provide horizontal support and load for the multi-layer cables.

[0003] Existing cable supports mainly adopt rigid fixed structures. In order to counteract the thermomechanical forces (i.e., axial stress generated by thermal expansion and contraction) of large cross-section cables during operation, existing technologies also employ "serpentine" or "wavy" laying paths. These schemes absorb thermomechanical stress by reserving axial margin for the cable. Such schemes typically place the cable on the fixed base of each layer of support arm with a fixed curvature.

[0004] However, existing technologies exhibit the following shortcomings when applied to narrow cable trench environments: due to limited lateral clearance in the trench, the upper-layer cables and their supports physically obstruct the lower-layer cables and the trench bottom area. When performing maintenance or repair operations on the lower-layer equipment, the fixed position of the support arms of the existing supports and the lack of an active lateral displacement adjustment mechanism prevent maintenance personnel from obtaining sufficient working clearance without disassembling the cables, making it impossible for operators to perform maintenance or inspection operations on the lower-layer cables. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain. By constructing a wave-like cable routing through staggered arrangement, and by using active adjustment and passive follow-up mechanisms to achieve non-destructive cable displacement, the problem of maintenance avoidance and cable protection in narrow spaces is solved.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A cable support for narrow cable trenches, designed for easy maintenance, includes a first vertical frame and several first support arms mounted on the first vertical frame; it also includes a second vertical frame, on which several second support arms are mounted; a horizontal frame, fixedly connected between the first and second vertical frames, having several mounting holes for mounting to the inner wall of the cable trench using expansion screws; a first cable holder is mounted on the top of each first support arm via an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly being used to adjust the position of the first cable holder in the width direction of the cable trench; several positioning components are equidistantly mounted on the top of the first cable holder, the positioning components being used to fix the cable; a second cable holder is mounted on the top of each second support arm via a floating assembly, the floating assembly being used to control the movement of the second cable holder in sync with the adjustment of the adjusting assembly; several guide components are provided on the top of the second cable holder; each guide component includes two rotating columns rotatably connected to the top of the second cable holder; the positioning components and guide components are staggered in the horizontal direction, so that the cable forms a wavy cable path in the cable trench with the guide components and positioning components as inflection points.

[0007] By employing the above technical solution, the cable is constrained into a wavy path through the staggered arrangement of the positioning and guiding components. A axial allowance for deformation is reserved within the cable trench, abandoning the rigid straight-line fixing method. On different support arms, an active adjustment fulcrum (first cable holder) capable of lateral movement and a passive follow-up fulcrum (second cable holder) with elastic yielding capability are established respectively. When it is necessary to avoid maintenance space, the adjustment component drives the first cable holder to generate lateral displacement, the positioning component pulls the cable crest outward, and the floating component provides passive follow-up yielding. This allows for the clearing of work space without disassembling the cable, solving the problem of insufficient operating space in narrow cable trenches that prevents maintenance or inspection of lower-level cables.

[0008] In the prior art, the adjustment mechanism of cable brackets mostly adopts lateral push-pull or bottom drive. In narrow cable trenches with limited lateral clearance, there is insufficient space for tool operation, and the thrust required due to the superposition of multiple heavy-load cables exceeds the limit of direct drive by a single person. The present invention further provides an optimized technical solution.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the adjustment component includes an adjustment groove opened at the top of the first support arm, the cross-section of the adjustment groove is T-shaped, an adjustment screw is rotatably connected in the adjustment groove, and an adjustment block that slides with the adjustment groove is threadedly connected to the adjustment screw; the adjustment block is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat; one end of the adjustment screw extends to the outside of the first support arm and is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear; a driving bevel gear that meshes with the driven bevel gear is rotatably connected to the side of the first support arm near the first vertical frame, and an axially penetrating regular hexagonal hole is opened in the center of the driving bevel gear.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the mechanical gain characteristics of the screw drive pair are utilized to convert rotational motion into linear thrust, thereby achieving the need for labor saving and the technical characteristic of self-locking by screw friction in a static state. It also has the protective function of preventing the mechanism from reversing and disengaging due to the tension of heavy-load cables. Furthermore, the bevel gear set is used to achieve orthogonal conversion of the power input direction. Combined with the vertically upward internal spline interface formed by the regular hexagonal hole, it is suitable for maintenance personnel to use extended sleeve tools to exert vertical force above the groove. This structure can transfer the operating space from the narrow support side to the unobstructed top, completely eliminating spatial interference of tool operation.

[0011] When performing lateral forced displacement on cables laid in a wavy pattern within a narrow cable trench, the cable not only slides horizontally, but its cross-section also experiences slight undulations and bending stress changes in the vertical direction. Existing rigid cable clamps have two shortcomings: First, since the clamping openings are mostly right-angled edges, the insulation sheath is easily cut by the sharp angle when the cable is displaced and bent; second, if a sliding gap is reserved and the clamps are not fully locked, the clamp components are prone to coming off along the screw and falling off under long-term vibration or maintenance and construction contact.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the positioning component includes several corresponding upper wire clamps, lower wire clamps, and semi-threaded screws; several lower wire clamps are fixedly connected to the top of the first wire fixing seat; both sides of the upper and lower wire clamps are provided with arc-shaped transition surfaces; the semi-threaded screw passes through the first through hole opened on the upper wire clamp, and the end of the semi-threaded screw is threadedly connected to an anti-loosening nut; the diameter of the anti-loosening nut is larger than the diameter of the first through hole; the lower wire clamp is provided with a screw hole, and the end of the semi-threaded screw passes through the anti-loosening nut and is threadedly engaged with the screw hole; the unthreaded part of the semi-threaded screw slides against the inner wall of the first through hole.

[0013] The above technical solution uses an upper and lower clamp to form a fixed structure similar to a hoop. Both sides of the upper and lower clamps have arc-shaped transition surfaces that fit the cable's bending radius. When the cable changes its bending posture due to lateral traction, this eliminates the stress concentration effect at the original right-angle edge, effectively preventing mechanical damage or excessive bending of the insulation layer when the cable frequently changes curvature. The connection uses a partially threaded semi-threaded screw, which can rotate freely when the upper clamp is not tightened, facilitating the placement of the cable in the clamping position.

[0014] In narrow cable trenches, due to limited width, the lower clamps of the above-mentioned scheme are arranged closely side by side on the same fixed base in a "piano key" style. When it is necessary to assemble large-diameter heavy-duty cables, there is no room for the cable to move laterally between adjacent clamps. If a completely separate clamp is used, parts are very easy to fall off during disassembly. If a vertical guide rod is simply used to prevent the upper clamp from falling off, the effective sliding stroke of the guide rod will be absolutely limited by the height of the space, which means that the upper clamp cannot be raised to a height higher than the outer diameter of the large-diameter cable.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the positioning component also includes guide rods symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of each lower clamp, and sliding buckles are slidably connected to both guide rods; the upper clamp is rotatably connected between the two sliding buckles through a rotating shaft; an embedding groove is opened on one side of the bottom of several upper clamps, and a lifting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft and inside the embedding groove; a second through hole is opened on the lifting block, and the diameter of the second through hole is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the anti-loosening nut; the guide rod is set as an inverted U-shaped structure.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, an inverted U-shaped limiting structure is set to block the sliding buckle at the physical end, preventing the upper clamp and the sliding buckle from slipping off during maintenance or installation. Through the size difference between the second through hole on the lifting block and the anti-loosening nut, when the half-thread screw is pulled out of the second through hole, the circumferential rotation constraint between the upper clamp and the lifting block is released, allowing the upper clamp to be rotated and opened at a large angle around the axis of rotation. This is suitable for the cable to fall directly into the lower clamp from directly above the bracket along the vertical radial direction. This solution perfectly avoids the physical limitations of the "piano key" type lateral interference and insufficient linear travel of the guide rod.

[0017] When a cable bends, it generates an upward normal force. If the guiding mechanism lacks top restraint, the cable can easily come loose.

[0018] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the guide assembly further includes a mounting base fixedly connected to the top of the second cable holder, and a U-shaped rod horizontally sliding through the mounting base; the U-shaped rod includes two horizontally arranged limiting rods arranged side by side, and a positioning plate is fixedly connected to one end of the two limiting rods near their curved portion, and the positioning plate is connected to the mounting base by screws; an anti-detachment block is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod away from the positioning plate; two limiting posts are rotatably connected to the top of the second cable holder near the second vertical frame; the limiting posts have the same structure as the rotating posts, and their outer periphery is provided with an annular groove for limiting the cable.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a rotating component with an annular groove to form a conformal fit with the outer sheath of the cable, the sliding friction during the axial movement of the cable is completely converted into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the pulling resistance and eliminates mechanical wear of the insulation layer. Furthermore, by using a pull-out U-shaped rod in conjunction with an anti-detachment block on the limiting rod, when opened, the U-shaped rod is intercepted by the anti-detachment block and will not completely separate from the mounting base, eliminating the risk of parts scattering; when closed, the upper and lower limiting rods clamp and constrain the cable from top to bottom, allowing the cable to be quickly inserted radially without disassembling any independent parts, while preventing the cable from jumping and disengaging in the vertical direction.

[0020] In actual power duct or narrow cable trench projects, due to the undulating terrain, water depth, and interference from existing pipelines in different trench sections, the fixed-elevation welded cable support arms often cannot adapt to the complex physical avoidance requirements on site. In addition, for the specific working conditions of the wave-shaped laying and lateral displacement adopted in this invention, if the support arms on both sides of the cable trench are at the same absolute horizontal height, when the cable is subjected to force and lateral displacement across the trench, it is very easy to have horizontal tangential interference with the support structure on the opposite side, which limits the maximum degree of freedom of cable deformation and yielding.

[0021] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: both the first vertical frame and the second vertical frame are provided with adjustment holes in the vertical direction, and the first support arm and the second support arm are respectively detachably installed in the corresponding adjustment holes by bolts.

[0022] Using the above technical solution, construction personnel can adjust the height of each layer at any time according to the density of pipelines on site, adapting to the technical characteristics of bending radii of cables with different diameters; at the same time, the hole array design provides an installation basis for the asymmetrical staggered arrangement of the support arms on both sides. Through the artificially created height difference, the cable obtains a three-dimensional tilting avoidance margin when moving laterally in a wave-like motion, eliminating lateral interference of the same layer structure and avoiding the problem of not being able to implement the above in narrow cable trenches due to insufficient space.

[0023] The environment inside the cable trench is extremely humid, and it is often subject to water seepage from the top of the trench, condensation dripping, and accidental splashing during maintenance. Since this solution has precision transmission components such as adjusting screws and bevel gears, if water flows directly into the support or seeps into the adjusting mechanism along the cable holder, it will cause the lubricating grease to fail, metal parts to rust, and the adjustment resistance to increase.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: rain covers are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the first vertical frame and the second vertical frame; the first wire fixing seat and the second wire fixing seat each have a top plate and side plates symmetrically connected to both sides of the top plate, and a chamfer is provided at the connection between the top plate and the side plate; a wedge-shaped flow-blocking part is provided on the side of the first wire fixing seat and the second wire fixing seat near the rain cover.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, a rain cover is installed on the outside of the vertical frame. The rain cover, together with the top plate and side plate of the cable holder, forms multiple physical shielding barriers, which physically isolate the vertically dripping water from the precision adjustment components inside the support. The chamfered design of the support arm, combined with the wedge-shaped flow-blocking part, uses the surface tension and gravity of water to guide the accumulated water to the edge of the cable holder and discharge it to both sides, avoiding affecting the next layer and effectively extending the fault-free operation cycle of the adjustment components.

[0026] Even with an external protective structure, condensation will inevitably accumulate inside the support arm and its adjustment groove in a high humidity environment. In addition, if the water is discharged directly from the conventional vertical drain hole at the bottom of the support arm, the sewage discharged from the upper support will drip directly onto the lower cable and its clamps, causing the lower cable sheath to be corroded by sewage for a long time and easily accumulate dirt.

[0027] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the bottom of the first support arm is provided with a plurality of first drainage holes communicating with the bottom of the adjustment groove, and the bottom of the second support arm is provided with a plurality of second drainage holes communicating with its inner bottom; the first drainage holes and the second drainage holes are both inclined to the side of the first support arm or the second support arm relative to the vertical direction.

[0028] Using the above technical solution, the first and second drainage holes provide drainage channels inside the support arm, timely draining the water accumulated in the adjustment groove and preventing the adjustment screw from being immersed in water for a long time, which would cause corrosion. The inclined design of the first and second drainage holes changes the falling trajectory of the water flow, guiding the accumulated water to an area away from the central axis of the lower support arm for discharge, effectively preventing the vertical splashing of the upper layer of dirt on the lower cable system.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the technical effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. This invention provides a cable support for narrow cable trenches that facilitates maintenance. By staggering the positioning and guiding components, the cable is constrained into a wavy path, allowing for axial deformation within the cable trench. It abandons the rigid, straight-line fixing method, establishing a first, laterally movable cable support and a second, elastically retractable cable support on different support arms. When maintenance space is needed, the adjusting component drives the first cable support to lateral displacement, the positioning component pulls the cable crest outward, and the floating component provides passive, follow-up retraction. This allows for space clearing without disassembling the cable, solving the problem of insufficient operating space in narrow cable trenches that prevents maintenance or inspection of lower-level cables.

[0030] 2. This invention provides a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain. It uses a bevel gear set to achieve orthogonal conversion of the power input direction. Combined with the vertically upward internal spline interface formed by the regular hexagonal hole, it is suitable for maintenance personnel to use extended sleeve tools to exert vertical force above the trench. This structure can transfer the operating space from the side of the narrow support to the unobstructed top, completely eliminating spatial interference for tool operation.

[0031] 3. This invention provides a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain. By setting an upper clamp and a lower clamp, a fixed structure similar to a hoop is formed. Arc-shaped transition surfaces are set on both sides of the upper and lower clamps. The arc-shaped transition surfaces fit the bending radius of the cable. When the cable changes its bending posture due to lateral traction, the stress concentration effect of the original right-angle edge is eliminated, effectively preventing the insulation layer of the cable from being mechanically cut or excessively bent when the curvature of the cable changes frequently. The connection in the solution uses a partially threaded semi-threaded screw, which can rotate freely when the upper clamp is not tightened, making it convenient to put the cable into the clamping position.

[0032] 4. This invention provides a cable bracket for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain. By setting an inverted U-shaped limiting structure to block the sliding buckle at the physical end, the problem of the upper clamp and the sliding buckle slipping off and falling off during maintenance or installation is prevented. Through the size difference between the second through hole on the lifting block and the anti-loosening nut, when the half-thread screw is pulled out of the second through hole, the circumferential rotation constraint between the upper clamp and the lifting block is released, so that the upper clamp can be flipped open at a large angle around the axis of rotation. This is suitable for the cable to fall directly into the lower clamp from directly above the bracket along the vertical radial direction. This solution perfectly avoids the physical limitations of the "piano key" type lateral interference and insufficient linear stroke of the guide rod.

[0033] 5. The present invention provides a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain. The installation height of the first support arm and the second support arm can be determined according to the requirements. By artificially creating a height difference, the cable can obtain a three-dimensional tilting avoidance margin when moving laterally in a wave-like motion, eliminating lateral interference of the same layer structure and avoiding the problem of insufficient space to implement the above in narrow cable trenches. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cable rack in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the cable bracket structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the positioning component of the present invention in various states; Figure 4This is a second schematic diagram of the positioning component of the present invention in various states; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tension spring in the guide assembly of the present invention in its normal state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tension spring in the guide assembly of the present invention under tension. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the present invention, in which the cable brackets on both sides are installed in a staggered manner in the vertical direction. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the floating component of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 101, First vertical frame; 102, Horizontal frame; 103, Mounting hole; 104, Second vertical frame; 105, First support arm; 106, Second support arm; 107, First wire holder; 108, Second wire holder; 109, Adjustment hole; 2, Adjustment assembly; 201, Adjustment groove; 202, Adjustment screw; 203, Adjustment block; 204, Driven bevel gear; 205, Driving bevel gear; 206, Regular hexagonal hole; 3, Positioning assembly; 301, Lower wire clamp; 302, Upper wire clamp; 303, Semi-threaded screw; 304, Embedded part. 305. Screw hole; 306. First through hole; 307. Second through hole; 308. Anti-loosening nut; 309. Guide rod; 310. Sliding buckle; 311. Rotating shaft; 312. Lifting block; 313. Arc-shaped transition surface; 4. Guide assembly; 401. Rotating column; 402. Mounting base; 403. U-shaped rod; 404. Anti-loosening block; 405. Positioning plate; 406. Tension spring; 407. Slide groove; 408. Limiting column; 409. Follower block; 5. First drain hole; 6. Second drain hole; 7. Rain cover; 8. Wedge-shaped flow blocking part. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0038] Example 1 like Figures 1-11As shown, the present invention provides a cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain, including a first vertical frame 101 and a plurality of first support arms 105 mounted on the first vertical frame 101; it also includes: a second vertical frame 104, on which a plurality of second support arms 106 are mounted; a horizontal frame 102, fixedly connected between the first vertical frame 101 and the second vertical frame 104, the horizontal frame 102 having a plurality of mounting holes 103 for mounting to the inner wall of the cable trench by expansion screws; a first wire fixing seat 107 is mounted on the top of the first support arms 105 via an adjusting assembly 2, the adjusting assembly 2 being used to adjust the first wire fixing seat 107 in the width of the cable trench. The cable is positioned in the following directions: a number of positioning components 3 are equidistantly installed on the top of the first cable holder 107, and the positioning components 3 are used to fix the cable; a second cable holder 108 is installed on the top of the second support arm 106 through a floating component, and the floating component is used to control the movement of the second cable holder 108 in sync with the adjustment component 2; a number of guide components 4 are provided on the top of the second cable holder 108; the guide components 4 include two rotating columns 401 rotatably connected to the top of the second cable holder 108; the positioning components 3 and the guide components 4 are staggered in the horizontal direction, so that the cable forms a wavy line routing path in the cable trench with the guide components 4 and the positioning components 3 as inflection points.

[0039] like Figure 11 As shown, the floating assembly includes a groove 407 opened at the top of the second support arm 106, a follower block 409 slidably connected in the groove 407, and the follower block 409 is fixedly connected to the second wire fixing seat 108; a tension spring 406 is connected between the follower block 409 and the inner wall of the groove 407 near the second vertical frame 104.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cable is constrained into a wavy path by staggering the positioning component 3 and the guiding component 4, leaving axial margin for deformation within the cable trench. This eliminates the need for rigid straight-line fixing and establishes laterally movable active adjustment points (first cable holder 107) and passive follow-up points (second cable holder 108) with elastic yielding capabilities on different support arms. When maintenance space is needed, the adjustment component 2 drives the first cable holder 107 to generate lateral displacement, the positioning component 3 pulls the cable crest outward, and the floating component provides passive follow-up yielding. This allows for space clearing without disassembling the cable, solving the problem of insufficient operating space in narrow cable trenches preventing maintenance or inspection of lower-level cables.

[0041] During cable laying, the cable passes sequentially through the positioning component 3 of the first cable holder 107 and the guide component 4 of the second cable holder 108. By utilizing the horizontally staggered positions of the positioning component 3 and the guide component 4, the straight-laid cable is transformed into a "wave" shape with a tension buffer. It is important to note that this design does not unnecessarily increase the cable laying length, but strictly conforms to the engineering specifications for serpentine (wave-shaped) cable laying in the "GB50217 Power Engineering Cable Design Standard". Because cables generate huge thermomechanical forces (thermal expansion and contraction) due to temperature changes during operation, this wave-shaped path provides a geometric margin in the cable axial direction that is greater than the straight-laying distance, thereby absorbing axial thermal stress and preventing strain fatigue fracture of the cable's metal sheath.

[0042] Based on the above wiring path, the solution transforms the static expansion and contraction allowance used to cope with thermal expansion and contraction into a dynamic displacement compensation amount to obtain maintenance space. When the space below or the equipment at the bottom of the trench needs maintenance, the operator drives the adjustment component 2 on the first support arm 105 to force the first cable holder 107 to move laterally towards the center of the cable trench. During this process, the first cable holder 107 acts as an active displacement fulcrum, pushing the cable crest section outward, thereby exposing the vertical projection area directly below it and transforming it into a clear space for personnel to work.

[0043] When the space below needs maintenance, the operator drives the adjusting component 2 on the first support arm 105 to move the first fixed seat 107 laterally towards the center of the cable trench. This causes the local tension of the cable to exceed the initial preload of the tension spring 406. The cable tension traction follower block 409 passively slides outward in the groove 407. This action stretches the tension spring 406, passively and smoothly releasing the pre-reserved wavy length of the cable. At the same time, the rotating column 401 in the guide component 4 rotates, converting the axial pulling resistance of the cable outer sheath into rolling friction. This creates operating space above the lower cable to be maintained or inspected, allowing the operator to work on the lower cable in the narrow cable trench.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, preferably, the adjustment assembly 2 includes an adjustment groove 201 opened at the top of the first support arm 105. The adjustment groove 201 has a T-shaped cross-section. An adjustment screw 202 is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove 201. An adjustment block 203 that slides with the adjustment groove 201 is threaded onto the adjustment screw 202. The adjustment block 203 is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat 107. One end of the adjustment screw 202 extends to the outside of the first support arm 105 and is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear 204. A driving bevel gear 205 that meshes with the driven bevel gear 204 is rotatably connected to the side of the first support arm 105 near the first vertical frame 101. An axially penetrating regular hexagonal hole 206 is opened at the center of the driving bevel gear 205.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mechanical gain characteristics of the screw drive pair are utilized to convert rotational motion into linear thrust, thereby achieving the need for labor saving and the technical characteristic of self-locking by screw friction in a static state. It has an objective protective function to prevent the mechanism from reversing and disengaging due to the tension of heavy-load cables. Furthermore, the bevel gear set is used to achieve orthogonal conversion of the power input direction. Combined with the vertically upward internal spline interface formed by the regular hexagonal hole 206, it is suitable for maintenance personnel to use extended sleeve tools to exert vertical force above the groove. This structure can transfer the operating space from the narrow support side to the unobstructed top, completely eliminating spatial interference of tool operation.

[0046] During operation, the operator holds a long-handled tool with an external hexagonal drive end, extends it vertically from above the cable trench, and inserts it into the regular hexagonal hole 206 at the center of the drive bevel gear 205 corresponding to the side of the first support arm 105. Subsequently, the operator rotates the long-handled tool, transmitting rotational power to the drive bevel gear 205 through the external hexagonal end of the tool. The drive bevel gear 205 rotates accordingly, and through gear meshing, drives the driven bevel gear 204, which is orthogonal to its axis, to rotate synchronously. Since the driven bevel gear 204 is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw 202, the rotation of the driven bevel gear 204 drives the adjusting screw 202 to rotate in place inside the first support arm 105. Under the transmission action of the threaded pair, the adjusting block 203, which was originally sleeved outside the adjusting screw 202, is subjected to force and moves linearly along the preset trajectory of the adjusting groove 201. During this process, the adjusting block 203 drives the first cable holder 107, which is fixedly connected to it, to move synchronously in the width direction of the cable trench, thereby driving the positioning component 3 and the position of the cable above it.

[0047] When only the uppermost cable needs to be cleared for work, the operator holds a drive tool with an external hexagonal profile and inserts it vertically downward from above the cable trench into the regular hexagonal hole 206 of the uppermost drive bevel gear 205. The insertion depth is controlled to be within the thickness range of the uppermost drive bevel gear 205. Then, the drive tool is rotated, and the power is transmitted to the adjusting screw 202 only through the drive bevel gear 205 and the driven bevel gear 204 of this layer, thereby realizing the independent translational adjustment of the uppermost first cable holder 107. When a large-scale avoidance adjustment of multiple layers of cables is required simultaneously, the operator inserts the drive tool through the uppermost active bevel gear 205 and continues to push it downwards. Due to the different displacement degrees of each layer adjustment component 2 in the initial state, there is a high probability that the hexagonal holes 206 of the uppermost and second-layer active bevel gears 205 will deviate in circumferential angle (i.e., the hexagonal contours of the two are not aligned). At this time, the bottom end of the drive tool will physically abut against the end face of the second-layer active bevel gear 205. The operator applies a slight downward axial pressure to the drive tool while slowly applying rotational torque. During this process, the drive tool causes the uppermost active bevel gear 205 to rotate slightly. At the moment when the outer hexagonal contour of the drive tool coincides with the circumferential angle of the second-layer regular hexagonal hole 206, the drive tool continues to be inserted downwards under the action of the aforementioned axial pressure, and then penetrates into the second-layer regular hexagonal hole 206.

[0048] Example 2 like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the positioning component 3 includes a plurality of corresponding upper clamps 302, lower clamps 301, and semi-threaded screws 303; the plurality of lower clamps 301 are fixedly connected to the top of the first wire fixing base 107; both sides of the upper clamps 302 and the lower clamps 301 are provided with arc-shaped transition surfaces 313; the semi-threaded screws 303 pass through the first through hole 306 opened on the upper clamps 302, and the end of the semi-threaded screws 303 is threadedly connected to an anti-loosening nut 308; the diameter of the anti-loosening nut 308 is larger than the diameter of the first through hole 306; the lower clamps 301 are provided with screw holes 305, and the end of the semi-threaded screws 303 passes through the anti-loosening nut 308 and is threadedly engaged with the screw holes 305; the unthreaded part of the semi-threaded screws 303 is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the first through hole 306.

[0049] In this embodiment, an upper clamp 302 and a lower clamp 301 are combined to form a fixed structure similar to a hoop. An arc-shaped transition surface 313 is provided on both sides of the upper clamp 302 and the lower clamp 301. The arc-shaped transition surface 313 fits the bending radius of the cable. When the cable changes its bending posture due to lateral traction, the stress concentration effect of the original right-angle edge is eliminated, effectively preventing the insulation layer of the cable from being mechanically cut or excessively bent when the curvature of the cable changes frequently. The connection in the solution uses a partially threaded semi-threaded screw 303, which can rotate freely when the upper clamp 302 is not tightened, making it convenient to put the cable into the clamping position.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, before on-site installation, the assembler first inserts the semi-threaded screw 303 through the first through hole 306 of the upper clamp 302, and then screws the anti-loosening nut 308 into the threaded section at the front end of the semi-threaded screw 303. Since the diameter of the screw head of the semi-threaded screw 303 and the diameter of the anti-loosening nut 308 are both larger than the diameter of the first through hole 306, the upper clamp 302 is physically confined between the screw head and the anti-loosening nut 308. Through the pre-assembly action, the loose parts are combined into a whole module, eliminating the risk of parts falling off individually. The cable is then placed on the lower clamp 301. The operator aligns the pre-installed integrated module (upper clamp 302, half-threaded screw 303, and anti-loosening nut 308) with the lower clamp 301, and screws the half-threaded screw 303 downward into the screw hole 305 of the lower clamp 301. As the half-threaded screw 303 is screwed in, the upper clamp 302 and the lower clamp 301 tightly compress the cable. When the cable is forcibly pushed and bent into a wavy path, or when the degree of bending changes during the follow-up process, the outer sheath of the cable comes into close contact and relative friction with the two openings of the upper clamp 302 and the lower clamp 301. Since the two openings are provided with arc-shaped transition surfaces 313, the bending stress section of the cable is smoothly supported here, avoiding hard interference with the metal edge and eliminating the risk of the cable sheath being scratched during repeated avoidance and adjustment.

[0051] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the positioning component 3 further includes guide rods 309 symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of each lower clamp 301. Each guide rod 309 is slidably connected to a sliding buckle 310. The upper clamp 302 is rotatably connected between the two sliding buckles 310 via a rotating shaft 311. Each of the bottom sides of several upper clamps 302 is provided with an embedding groove 304. A lifting block 312 is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 311 and inside the embedding groove 304. The lifting block 312 is provided with a second through hole 307. The diameter of the second through hole 307 is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the anti-loosening nut 308. The guide rods 309 are configured with an inverted U-shaped structure.

[0052] In this embodiment, by setting an inverted U-shaped limiting structure to block the sliding buckle 310 at the physical end, the problem of the upper wire clamp 302 and the sliding buckle 310 slipping off and falling off during maintenance or installation is prevented. By using the size difference between the second through hole 307 on the lifting block 312 and the anti-loosening nut 308, when the half-thread screw 303 is pulled out of the second through hole 307, the circumferential rotation constraint between the upper wire clamp 302 and the lifting block 312 is released, so that the upper wire clamp 302 can be rotated and opened at a large angle around the rotating shaft 311, which is suitable for the cable to fall directly from the top of the bracket into the lower wire clamp 301 along the vertical radial direction. This solution perfectly avoids the physical limitations of the above-mentioned "piano key" type lateral interference and insufficient linear stroke of the guide rod 309.

[0053] When the system is running normally or moving in a follow-up manner, the semi-threaded screw 303 passes through the first through hole 306 of the upper clamp 302 and the second through hole 307 of the lifting block 312, and is threaded into the lower clamp 301. At this time, the semi-threaded screw 303 rigidly locks the upper clamp 302 and the lifting block 312 in the circumferential direction, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other.

[0054] When the cable is subjected to vibration or radial expansion stress, generating an upward pushing force, the upper clamp 302 is subjected to force and drives the internal lifting block 312, rotating shaft 311 and the sliding buckles 310 on both sides to slide upward along the guide rod 309. During this process, the inverted U-shaped limiting structure formed by the connection of the top ends of the two guide rods 309 constitutes an absolute physical block. When the sliding buckle 310 slides to the highest point, it is forcibly intercepted, ensuring that the entire upper clamp 302 assembly will not detach from the guide rail under severe vibration. When new large-diameter heavy cables need to be laid or replaced on site, the operator uses a tool to unscrew the semi-threaded screw 303 from the screw hole 305 of the lower clamp 301 and pulls the semi-threaded screw 303 upward. As the semi-threaded screw 303 moves upward, the anti-loosening nut 308 at its bottom rises accordingly. Since the diameter of the second through hole 307 on the lifting block 312 is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the anti-loosening nut 308, the anti-loosening nut 308 can pass through and disengage from the second through hole 307 without any obstruction. At the same time, since the diameter of the first through hole 306 on the upper clamp 302 is smaller than that of the anti-loosening nut 308, the anti-loosening nut 308 can pass through and disengage from the second through hole 307 without any obstruction. 08. The semi-threaded screw 303 is finally confined inside the upper clamp 302 without falling off. At this point, the semi-threaded screw 303 is disengaged from the lifting block 312. After unlocking, the operator holds the upper clamp 302 and lifts it upwards with the pivot 311 as the center. The embedded groove 304 of the upper clamp 302 rotates relative to the stationary lifting block 312, realizing the flipping action. At this time, the top space of the lower clamp 301 is completely open. The construction personnel place the large-diameter cable radially from directly above the bracket along the vertical direction onto the arc-shaped support surface of the lower clamp 301, completely independent of the lateral gaps of adjacent clamps. Figure 3 and Figure 4In the middle, from left to right, the first, third and fifth positioning components are in the completed installation state, the second is the state where the half-threaded screw 303 is disengaged from the screw hole 305, the fourth is the state where the half-threaded screw 303 is disengaged from the second through hole 307, and the sixth is the state where the upper wire clamp 302 is flipped open relative to the lower wire clamp 301.

[0055] Example 3 like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, based on Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the guide assembly 4 further includes a mounting base 402 fixedly connected to the top of the second cable holder 108, and a U-shaped rod 403 horizontally slidably passing through the mounting base 402; the U-shaped rod 403 includes two horizontally arranged limiting rods arranged side by side, and a positioning plate 405 is fixedly connected to one end of the two limiting rods near their curved portion, and the positioning plate 405 is connected to the mounting base 402 by screws; an anti-detachment block 404 is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod away from the positioning plate 405; two limiting posts 408 are rotatably connected to the top of the second cable holder 108 near the side of the second vertical frame 104; the limiting posts 408 have the same structure as the rotating posts 401, and their outer periphery is provided with an annular groove for limiting the cable.

[0056] In this embodiment, by setting a rotating component with an annular groove to form a conformal fit with the outer sheath of the cable, the sliding friction during the axial movement of the cable is completely converted into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the pulling resistance and eliminates mechanical wear of the insulation layer. Furthermore, by using a pull-out U-shaped rod 403 in conjunction with an anti-detachment block 404 on a limiting rod, when opened, the U-shaped rod 403 is intercepted by the anti-detachment block 404 and will not completely separate from the mounting base 402, eliminating the risk of parts falling out; when closed, the upper and lower limiting rods clamp and constrain the cable from top to bottom, allowing the cable to be quickly inserted radially without disassembling any independent parts, while preventing the cable from jumping and disengaging in the vertical direction.

[0057] During cable laying, the operator first loosens and removes the screws connecting the positioning plate 405 and the mounting base 402. Then, the operator grasps the curved part of the U-shaped rod 403 and pulls it horizontally outward. The two horizontal limiting rods of the U-shaped rod 403 slide outward within the mounting base 402. When the sliding reaches its maximum stroke, the anti-detachment block 404 at the end of the limiting rod physically interferes (abuts) with the side wall of the mounting base 402. This interception action forcibly stops the sliding of the U-shaped rod 403, causing the U-shaped rod 403 to hover in the open state. The process involves completely opening the vertical assembly space at the top of the second cable holder 108, while the U-shaped rod 403 remains suspended on the bracket. Once the space is open, the operator lowers the cable radially from top to bottom into the space above the second cable holder 108, ensuring it passes around the rotating column 401. After the cable is in place, the operator pushes the U-shaped rod 403 horizontally inward. The two parallel limiting rods of the U-shaped rod 403 pass through the cable from above and below, forming a vertical enclosure around it. Once the positioning plate 405 re-attaches to the mounting base 402, screws are tightened to complete the rigid fixation. This creates a physical beam, preventing the cable from jumping upwards out of the guide assembly 4 when subjected to vibration or bending stress.

[0058] Example 4 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, both the first vertical frame 101 and the second vertical frame 104 are provided with adjustment holes 109 in the vertical direction, and the first support arm 105 and the second support arm 106 are respectively detachably installed in the corresponding adjustment holes 109 by bolts.

[0059] In this embodiment, construction personnel can adjust the height of each layer at any time according to the density of pipelines on site, adapting to the technical characteristics of bending radii of cables with different diameters; at the same time, the hole array design provides an installation basis for the asymmetrical staggered arrangement of the support arms on both sides. Through the artificially created height difference, the cable obtains a three-dimensional tilting avoidance margin when moving laterally in a wave-like motion, eliminating lateral interference of the same layer structure and avoiding the problem of insufficient space when carrying out the above in narrow cable trenches.

[0060] The first vertical frame 101 and the second vertical frame 104 are prefabricated with an array of equidistant adjustment holes 109 in the vertical direction. When the construction personnel assemble on site, they select the corresponding adjustment holes 109 according to the outer diameter of the cable to be laid and the required layer spacing. After attaching the first support arm 105 or the second support arm 106 to the vertical frame, they pass high-strength bolts through the mounting holes 103 of the support arm and the adjustment holes 109 on the vertical frame, and lock them with nuts. Under preferred on-site installation conditions, the support arms located on the same side of the cable trench (i.e., on the same vertical frame) maintain a consistent installation spacing; however, on both sides of the cable trench (i.e., between the first vertical frame 101 and the second vertical frame 104), the first support arm 105 and the second support arm 106 are deliberately installed in adjustment holes 109 at different elevations.

[0061] Because of the preset height difference between the first support arm 105 and the second support arm 106, the cable forms an S-shaped wavy path on the horizontal plane when passing through the first cable holder 107 and the second cable holder 108, and also presents a gentle sloping transition on the vertical plane. When the operating adjustment component 2 causes the first cable holder 107 to move laterally towards the center of the trench and pull the cable to avoid it, since the second support arm 106 on the opposite side (including its structural components) is lower (or higher) in height than the horizontal plane where the translation trajectory is located, the cable and its active adjustment end will not spatially interfere with the support mechanism on the opposite side during the entire translation stroke. like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, preferably, rain covers 7 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the first vertical frame 101 and the second vertical frame 104; the first cable holder 107 and the second cable holder 108 each have a top plate and side plates symmetrically connected to both sides of the top plate, and a chamfer is provided at the connection between the top plate and the side plate; a wedge-shaped flow-blocking part 8 is provided on the side of the first cable holder 107 and the second cable holder 108 near the rain cover 7.

[0062] In this embodiment, by setting a rain cover 7 on the outside of the vertical frame, the rain cover 7, together with the top plate and side plate of the cable holder, forms multiple physical shielding barriers, which physically isolate the vertically dripping water flow from the precision adjustment component 2 inside the support; the chamfered design of the support arm, together with the wedge-shaped flow blocking part 8, uses the surface tension and gravity of water to guide the accumulated water to the edge of the cable holder and discharge it to both sides, avoiding affecting the next layer, and effectively extending the fault-free operation cycle of the adjustment component 2.

[0063] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, preferably, the bottom of the first support arm 105 is provided with a plurality of first drainage holes 5 communicating with the bottom of the adjustment groove 201, and the bottom of the second support arm 106 is provided with a plurality of second drainage holes 6 communicating with its inner bottom; the first drainage holes 5 and the second drainage holes 6 are both inclined to the side of the first support arm 105 or the second support arm 106 relative to the vertical direction.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first drain hole 5 and the second drain hole 6 provide drainage channels inside the first support arm 105 and the second support arm 106, respectively, to drain the water accumulated in the regulating groove 201 in a timely manner and prevent the regulating screw 202 from being immersed in water for a long time and causing corrosion. The inclined design of the first drain hole 5 and the second drain hole 6 changes the falling trajectory of the water flow, guiding the accumulated water to an area away from the central axis of the lower support arm for discharge, effectively preventing the vertical splashing of the upper dirt on the lower cable system.

[0065] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain, comprising a first vertical frame (101) and a plurality of first support arms (105) mounted on the first vertical frame (101); characterized in that, Also includes: The second vertical frame (104) is equipped with several second support arms (106). A horizontal frame (102) is fixedly connected between the first vertical frame (101) and the second vertical frame (104). The horizontal frame (102) has several mounting holes (103) for mounting on the inner wall of the cable trench by expansion screws. The top of the first support arm (105) is equipped with a first cable fixing seat (107) via an adjustment component (2). The adjustment component (2) is used to adjust the position of the first cable fixing seat (107) in the width direction of the cable trench. A plurality of positioning components (3) are equidistantly installed on the top of the first cable fixing seat (107). The positioning components (3) are used to fix the cable. The top of the second support arm (106) is equipped with a second wire fixing seat (108) via a floating component. The floating component is used to control the movement of the second wire fixing seat (108) in sync with the adjustment component (2). The top of the second wire fixing seat (108) is provided with a plurality of guide components (4). The guide components (4) include two rotating columns (401) rotatably connected to the top of the second wire fixing seat (108). The positioning component (3) and the guiding component (4) are staggered in the horizontal direction, so that the cable forms a wavy line path in the cable trench with the guiding component (4) and the positioning component (3) as inflection points.

2. The cable support for narrow cable trenches that facilitates maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (2) includes an adjustment groove (201) opened at the top of the first support arm (105). The adjustment groove (201) has a T-shaped cross section. An adjustment screw (202) is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove (201). An adjustment block (203) that slides with the adjustment groove (201) is threaded onto the adjustment screw (202). The adjustment block (203) is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat (107). One end of the adjustment screw (202) extends to the outside of the first support arm (105) and is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear (204). The first support arm (105) is rotatably connected to a driving bevel gear (205) that meshes with the driven bevel gear (204) on the side near the first vertical frame (101). The center of the driving bevel gear (205) has an axially penetrating regular hexagonal hole (206).

3. The cable support for narrow cable trenches that facilitates maintenance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning component (3) includes several corresponding upper wire clips (302), lower wire clips (301), and semi-threaded screws (303); several lower wire clips (301) are fixedly connected to the top of the first wire fixing base (107); both sides of the upper wire clips (302) and the lower wire clips (301) are provided with arc-shaped transition surfaces (313); the semi-threaded screws (303) pass through the first through hole (306) opened on the upper wire clips (302), and the... The end of the semi-threaded screw (303) is threaded with an anti-loosening nut (308); the diameter of the anti-loosening nut (308) is larger than the diameter of the first through hole (306); the lower clamp (301) has a screw hole (305), and the end of the semi-threaded screw (303) passes through the anti-loosening nut (308) and is threaded into the screw hole (305); the unthreaded part of the semi-threaded screw (303) slides in contact with the inner wall of the first through hole (306).

4. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to inspect and maintain, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: The positioning component (3) further includes guide rods (309) symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of each lower clamp (301), and sliding buckles (310) are slidably connected to both guide rods (309). The upper clamp (302) is rotatably connected between the two sliding buckles (310) through a rotating shaft (311). An embedding groove (304) is provided on one side of the bottom of several upper clamps (302). A lifting block (312) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft (311) and inside the embedding groove (304). A second through hole (307) is provided on the lifting block (312). The diameter of the second through hole (307) is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the anti-loosening nut (308). The guide rod (309) is set as an inverted U-shaped structure.

5. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to maintain, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The guide assembly (4) further includes a mounting base (402) fixedly connected to the top of the second cable holder (108), and a U-shaped rod (403) horizontally sliding through the mounting base (402); the U-shaped rod (403) includes two horizontally arranged limiting rods arranged side by side, and a positioning plate (405) is fixedly connected to one end of the two limiting rods near their curved portion, and the positioning plate (405) is connected to the mounting base (402) by screws; an anti-detachment block (404) is fixedly connected to one end of the limiting rod away from the positioning plate (405); two limiting posts (408) are rotatably connected to the top of the second cable holder (108) near the second vertical frame (104); the limiting posts (408) have the same structure as the rotating posts (401), and their outer periphery is provided with an annular groove for limiting the cable.

6. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to inspect and maintain, as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first vertical frame (101) and the second vertical frame (104) are both provided with adjustment holes (109) in the vertical direction. The first support arm (105) and the second support arm (106) are respectively detachably installed in the corresponding adjustment holes (109) by bolts.

7. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that facilitates maintenance according to claim 6, characterized in that: Rain covers (7) are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the first vertical frame (101) and the second vertical frame (104); the first wire fixing seat (107) and the second wire fixing seat (108) each have a top plate and side plates symmetrically connected to both sides of the top plate, and a chamfer is provided at the connection between the top plate and the side plate; a wedge-shaped flow blocking part (8) is provided on the side of the first wire fixing seat (107) and the second wire fixing seat (108) near the rain cover (7).

8. A cable support for narrow cable trenches that is easy to inspect and maintain, as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the first support arm (105) is provided with a plurality of first drainage holes (5) communicating with the bottom of the adjustment groove (201), and the bottom of the second support arm (106) is provided with a plurality of second drainage holes (6) communicating with its inner bottom; the first drainage holes (5) and the second drainage holes (6) are both inclined to the side of the first support arm (105) or the second support arm (106) relative to the vertical direction.

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