A smart temperature control mobile power supply with high-voltage side intelligent power-off and self-charging function and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent temperature control mobile power supply with high voltage side intelligent power-off and self-charging function and method.The mobile power supply includes shell and high voltage alternating current input, switch relay, gallium nitride step-down module, direct current output interface, microcontroller, battery pack, heating film and bidirectional boost-buck charging and discharging module arranged in it.Through the intelligent control of microcontroller, three core functions are realized: first, according to the load and battery state control relay physical on-off high voltage input, realize intrinsic safety and zero standby power consumption;Second, according to the battery temperature control heating film start-stop and charging enable, guarantee all-weather safe charging;Third, when connecting to power, control gallium nitride module and bidirectional module to work together, realize simultaneous fast charging for external multiple devices and self-charging for internal battery.The application is highly integrated, solves the safety hazard, low-temperature charging difficulty and single-function problem of traditional two-in-one mobile power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile power technology, specifically to an intelligent mobile power supply and its control method that integrates intelligent physical power-off on the high-voltage side, gallium nitride self-charging, and active temperature control functions. Background Technology

[0002] Portable power banks and chargers are two devices that users often need to carry together when traveling. To simplify carrying, "2-in-1 portable power banks" that combine the two have appeared on the market. However, these products still have significant drawbacks: Safety hazards and energy consumption: When used as a charger, its internal high-voltage AC-DC circuit is always connected to the mains power, generating no-load power consumption. Furthermore, the long-term operation under power accelerates component aging and increases the risk of short circuits and fires.

[0003] Low-temperature performance degradation: In low-temperature environments, lithium batteries have low charging efficiency. Forced charging can easily lead to lithium plating inside the battery, causing short circuits or even thermal runaway, threatening safety.

[0004] Limited functionality and single charging mode: When used as a power bank, it cannot utilize its own efficient gallium nitride fast charging module to quickly replenish the internal battery, still requiring an external charger. Furthermore, existing products often cannot simultaneously achieve full-power fast charging across multiple output ports when connected to a power source.

[0005] A search of existing technologies revealed no portable power bank products or patent documents that simultaneously integrate high-voltage side relay intelligent physical power-off, gallium nitride self-charging, and active battery temperature control management. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly integrated intelligent portable power bank that achieves intrinsic safety from the high-voltage side, is adaptable to all climates, and possesses self-charging and multi-port simultaneous fast charging capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved This invention aims to solve the following problems existing in the prior art: This addresses the energy consumption and safety issues caused by the lack of a physical power-off mechanism on the high-voltage input side in existing 2-in-1 power banks.

[0007] This solves the problem of power banks being unable to charge safely and efficiently in low-temperature environments.

[0008] This solves the problem that power banks cannot use their own fast charging module to quickly charge their internal batteries (self-charging), and cannot achieve efficient fast charging from multiple ports simultaneously when connected to AC power.

[0009] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A smart temperature-controlled power bank and its control method are disclosed. The power bank includes a housing, and a high-voltage AC input port, a switching relay, a gallium nitride step-down module, a DC output interface, a status display, a microcontroller, a battery pack, a heating film, and a bidirectional step-up / step-down charging / discharging module disposed within the housing. Its features are: The high-voltage AC input port is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch relay; The output terminal of the switching relay is electrically connected to the input terminal of the gallium nitride buck module; The output terminal of the gallium nitride buck module is electrically connected to the DC output interface; The bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is connected between the battery pack and the DC output interface; The control terminals of the switching relay, the gallium nitride buck module, the bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module, and the heating film are all electrically connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is configured to execute the following control logic: A. High-voltage side intelligent on / off control: Based on the load status of the DC output interface and the power status of the battery pack, send on / off commands to the switching relay to physically connect or disconnect the high-voltage AC input; B. Active temperature control management: Based on the temperature of the battery pack, control the activation and deactivation of the heating film, and enable or disable the charging process of the battery pack.

[0010] Furthermore, the DC output interface includes at least three independent physical interfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is a DC-DC converter circuit capable of realizing bidirectional energy flow.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific logic of the high-voltage side intelligent on / off control is as follows: when the microcontroller detects that there is no load connected to the DC output interface and the battery pack's charge status reaches the full charge threshold and continues to reach the first preset delay time, it sends a disconnect command to the switching relay; when it detects that there is a load connected to the DC output interface or the battery pack's charge status is lower than the charging threshold, it sends a engage command to the switching relay.

[0013] A method for controlling the intelligent temperature-controlled power bank includes the following steps: The high-voltage side intelligent on / off control steps are as follows: monitor the load status of the DC output interface and the battery pack charge status; when the conditions of the load being unloaded and the battery pack charge reaching the full charge threshold are met simultaneously, and this condition is maintained for a first preset time, the microcontroller drives the switching relay to perform a physical disconnection action to cut off the high-voltage AC input; when the load is detected to be connected or the battery pack charge is lower than the charging threshold, the switching relay is driven to perform a physical engagement action to restore high-voltage power supply. Active temperature control management steps: Real-time acquisition of battery pack temperature, and control of the heating film's activation and deactivation and battery pack charging enable based on preset temperature thresholds; Self-charging and multi-port output management steps: When the device is connected to mains power, the gallium nitride buck module is controlled to work to output DC power; if there is an external load connected to the DC output interface and an internal battery pack that needs to be charged at the same time, the bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is controlled to work in buck charging mode, so that the DC power output by the gallium nitride buck module can simultaneously power the external load and charge the battery pack.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Intrinsic safety and zero standby power consumption: Through intelligent control of the high-voltage side switching relay by a microcontroller, physical power-off is achieved, completely eliminating safety hazards and no-load energy consumption.

[0015] All-weather safe charging: The active temperature control system ensures that the battery is safely preheated at low temperatures before charging, expanding the application scenarios.

[0016] Innovative self-charging and multi-port fast charging capabilities: Enables "dual charging with a single cable," utilizing a gallium nitride (GaN) module to simultaneously charge external devices and its own battery at high speed. Thanks to the high-power GaN solution and intelligent management, multiple DC output ports can simultaneously provide efficient fast charging for different devices, greatly enhancing convenience.

[0017] High integration and intelligence: Integrating multiple functions such as safe power outage, environmental adaptability, and intelligent energy management, it represents the development direction of the next generation of mobile power banks. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal circuit structure and energy flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the intelligent on / off control method for the high-voltage side of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4This is a flowchart of the self-charging mode control logic of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the active temperature control system control method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, a further detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example

[0024] See Figure 1 This power bank has a housing 101. In a preferred embodiment, the housing 101 is an insulating plastic housing. The housing 101 has a foldable high-voltage AC input port (AC plug) 102, three DC output ports 103 (e.g., one USB Type-A port and two Type-C ports), and a status display 104 for displaying power, voltage, temperature, and operating mode.

[0025] See Figure 2 The core electronic components and electrical connections inside the equipment are as follows: The high-voltage AC input port 102 is connected to the input terminal of the switching relay 201 via a wire. In this embodiment, the switching relay 201 is a normally open electromagnetic relay, and its main contacts are connected in series in the live wire circuit of the AC input, serving as the main switch on the high-voltage side.

[0026] The output terminal of the switching relay 201 is connected to the AC input terminal of the gallium nitride buck module 202. The gallium nitride buck module 202 uses GaN (gallium nitride) power devices to achieve high-efficiency, small-size AC-DC conversion, and can output multiple DC voltage levels (such as 5V / 9V / 12V / 15V / 20V) of up to 100W or more, providing sufficient power for simultaneous fast charging of multiple ports.

[0027] The DC output terminal of the gallium nitride buck module 202 is directly connected to the DC output interface 103 to enable fast direct charging of external devices.

[0028] The bidirectional buck-boost charging / discharging module 203 is a DC-DC converter circuit that supports bidirectional energy flow. Its high-voltage side is connected to the DC output bus of the gallium nitride buck module 202, and its low-voltage side is connected to the battery pack 204. Simultaneously, the module's output is also connected to the DC output interface 103. This module can both boost the voltage of the battery pack 204 for output and step down an externally input voltage to charge the battery pack 204.

[0029] The battery pack 204 is a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery, and a heating film 205 (such as a flexible silicone heating film) is tightly attached to its surface. A temperature sensor (such as an NTC thermistor) is installed near or on the surface of the battery pack 204 to detect the battery temperature.

[0030] The microcontroller 206 (MCU) is the control core of the entire system. Its general purpose input / output (GPIO) ports are connected to the control coil of the switching relay 201 via a driver circuit to control its activation and deactivation. Its pulse width modulation (PWM) or enable signal port is connected to the control terminals of the gallium nitride buck module 202 and the bidirectional buck-boost charging / discharging module 203 to control their operating mode and start / stop. Its analog-to-digital converter (ADC) port is connected to the load detection circuit (for sampling the output current) and the temperature sensor to acquire load status and battery temperature signals. Another GPIO port controls the power supply to the heating film 205.

[0031] Working principle and process: High-voltage side intelligent switching and safe standby (combined) Figure 3 When the device is connected to AC power, after the microcontroller 206 powers on and initializes, it first controls the switch relay 201 to engage, connecting the AC power and starting the system. The microcontroller 206 continuously monitors the load current of the DC output interface 103 and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack 204. When it detects that all external loads have been removed and the battery pack 204 has reached its full charge threshold (e.g., SOC=100%), and this state continues for a preset delay time (e.g., 10 minutes, to prevent false alarms), the microcontroller 206 determines that the device has entered a safe standby state and immediately controls the switch relay 201 to disconnect. At this time, the high-voltage AC input is completely cut off, and only the microcontroller 206 is in a low-power monitoring state, achieving "zero standby power consumption" and intrinsic safety. When it detects that a load is connected or the battery pack's SOC is below the charging threshold (e.g., SOC<95%), the microcontroller 206 immediately controls the switch relay 201 to engage, restoring high-voltage power supply.

[0032] Self-charging and multi-port fast charging (core innovation, combined with...) Figure 2 , Figure 4When a device is plugged into a wall outlet and simultaneously charging two devices (such as a laptop and a mobile phone) via both the Type-C and USB-A ports, the microcontroller 206 recognizes this state. The gallium nitride buck module 202 operates at full power, outputting high-power DC power. If the internal battery pack 204 also needs charging at this time (its charge level is below the charging threshold), the microcontroller 206 controls the bidirectional buck-boost charging module 203 to operate in "buck charger" mode. In this mode, the energy output from the gallium nitride buck module 202 is intelligently allocated: the main path directly fast charges the two connected external devices simultaneously; the other part of the energy is stepped down by the bidirectional buck-boost charging module 203 to fast charge the battery pack 204. This mode achieves "connected to mains power, multiple ports fast charging simultaneously, and self-charging without delay."

[0033] Active temperature control and low temperature protection (combined) Figure 5 In any operating state, the microcontroller (206) pre-stores a low-temperature protection threshold (e.g., 0°C), an allowable charging threshold (e.g., 5°C), and a high-temperature protection threshold (e.g., 45°C). Its control logic is as follows: (1) Low temperature heating mode: When the battery temperature T ≤ low temperature protection threshold (0℃), charging is prohibited and the heating film is activated.

[0034] (2) Charging enable mode: When the battery temperature T rises to the allowable charging threshold (5°C), heating stops and charging of the battery pack is allowed.

[0035] (3) High temperature protection mode: When the battery temperature T ≥ the high temperature protection threshold (45℃), charging and discharging are prohibited at the same time.

[0036] By setting a charging threshold that allows charging to exceed a low-temperature protection threshold, a hysteresis range for temperature control is created, ensuring control stability and battery safety.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart temperature-controlled mobile power supply with intelligent power-off and self-charging functions on the high-voltage side, comprising a shell, and a high-voltage AC input port, a switching relay, a gallium nitride step-down module, a DC output interface, a status display, a microcontroller, a battery pack, a heating film, and a bidirectional step-up and step-down charging and discharging module disposed therein; Its features are: The high-voltage AC input port is electrically connected to the input terminal of the switch relay; The output terminal of the switching relay is electrically connected to the input terminal of the gallium nitride buck module; The output terminal of the gallium nitride buck module is electrically connected to the DC output interface; The bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is connected between the battery pack and the DC output interface; The control terminals of the switching relay, the gallium nitride buck module, the bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module, and the heating film are all electrically connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is configured to execute the following control logic: A. High-voltage side intelligent on / off control: Based on the load status of the DC output interface and the power status of the battery pack, send on / off commands to the switching relay to physically connect or disconnect the high-voltage AC input of the whole machine; B. Active temperature control management: Based on the temperature of the battery pack, control the activation and deactivation of the heating film, and enable or disable the charging process of the battery pack.

2. The intelligent temperature-controlled power bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC output interface includes at least three independent physical interfaces.

3. The intelligent temperature-controlled portable power bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is a DC-DC converter circuit capable of realizing bidirectional energy flow.

4. The intelligent temperature-controlled portable power bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific logic of the high-voltage side intelligent on / off control is as follows: when the microcontroller detects that there is no load connected to the DC output interface and the battery pack's charge status reaches the full charge threshold and continues for a first preset delay time, it sends a disconnect command to the switching relay; when it detects that there is a load connected to the DC output interface or the battery pack's charge status is lower than the charging threshold, it sends a engage command to the switching relay.

5. A method for controlling a smart temperature-controlled mobile power supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The high-voltage side intelligent on / off control steps are as follows: monitor the load status of the DC output interface and the battery pack charge status; when the conditions of the load being unloaded and the battery pack charge reaching the full charge threshold are met simultaneously, and this condition is maintained for a first preset time, the microcontroller drives the switching relay to perform a physical disconnection action to cut off the high-voltage AC input; when the load is detected to be connected or the battery pack charge is lower than the charging threshold, the switching relay is driven to perform a physical engagement action to restore high-voltage power supply. Active temperature control management steps: Real-time acquisition of battery pack temperature, and control of the heating film's activation and deactivation and battery pack charging enable based on preset temperature thresholds; Self-charging and multi-port output management steps: When the device is connected to mains power, the gallium nitride buck module is controlled to work to output DC power; if there is an external load connected to the DC output interface and an internal battery pack that needs to be charged at the same time, the bidirectional buck-boost charging and discharging module is controlled to work in buck charging mode, so that the DC power output by the gallium nitride buck module can simultaneously power the external load and charge the battery pack.

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