Charging device, control method and control apparatus therefor, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a charging device and a control method, a control device and a storage medium thereof. The method comprises the following steps: when the input electrical parameter meets the activation condition, the power conversion device is controlled to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode; if the input state parameter is abnormal, it is determined that the activation fails, the power conversion device is controlled to shut down, a preset delay window is started when the input electrical parameter meets the activation condition again, and the activation is restarted after the window ends; if the disturbance state parameter meets the output condition, it is determined that the activation succeeds and charging is performed. By introducing the preset delay window mechanism, the problem of high-frequency cycle retry of the system caused by insufficient input energy can be alleviated. During the output of the activation signal, the disturbance state parameter and the input state parameter are detected in parallel in real time, the activation process is monitored from the output side and the input side respectively, the response timeliness and accuracy of the activation success and the activation failure are improved, and the control accuracy and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic power technology, and in particular to a charging device and its control method, control device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic charging systems, charging equipment typically uses the DC voltage output from photovoltaic modules as input energy to charge energy storage devices (such as large-capacity battery packs). Since the energy storage device is initially in a powered-off state, the charging equipment must first wake up the internal control unit of the energy storage device to put it into a rechargeable state before starting the charging process.

[0003] However, under low light conditions (such as early morning or cloudy days), the available power on the photovoltaic input side is limited. When the input electrical parameters reach the activation threshold, the system attempts to output an activation signal to the energy storage device. However, since the power conversion device and its internal auxiliary circuits both require power from the input side, the input voltage is rapidly pulled down at the moment of loading, resulting in insufficient input energy to support the successful completion of the activation process, and the energy storage device fails to activate. After the failure, the system resets, and the input voltage briefly recovers after unloading, triggering the activation conditions again. The system then attempts activation again, and this cycle repeats, causing the charging system to fall into a continuous loop of "attempt to start—activation failure—system reset—re-triggering." This results in poor system stability and an inability to reliably complete the activation and charging process of the energy storage device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a charging device and its control method, control device and storage medium. After activation failure, a preset delay window is first started, and the next activation is performed after the preset delay window ends. This improves the problem of repeated triggering of startup and high-frequency cyclic retry of the system after the energy storage device fails to activate due to insufficient input energy. Moreover, the disturbance state parameters and input state parameters are detected in parallel in real time, and the situation that occurs during the activation process is responded to in a timely manner, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of control.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control method for a charging device, wherein the charging device is electrically connected to an energy storage device, and the charging device includes a power conversion device. The control method includes: responding to the input electrical parameters of the charging device meeting activation conditions, controlling the power conversion device to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode; real-time detection of the input state parameters and disturbance state parameters of the charging device; responding to the abnormal input state parameters of the charging device, determining that the energy storage device has failed to activate, controlling the power conversion device to shut down; when the input electrical parameters of the charging device meet the activation conditions again, starting a preset delay window; when the preset delay window ends, re-outputting the activation signal to the energy storage device, and re-detecting the input state parameters and disturbance state parameters of the charging device; responding to the disturbance state parameters of the charging device meeting the output conditions, determining that the energy storage device has successfully activated, and charging the energy storage device.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the control method includes: determining that the input state parameters of the charging device are abnormal when the input state parameters of the charging device meet any one of the following conditions: (a1) the input voltage of the charging device is less than a first voltage threshold; (a2) the input voltage change rate of the charging device is negative and the input voltage change rate is less than a first change rate threshold; (a3) ​​the input energy integral value of the charging device is less than a preset integral threshold.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, before activating the preset delay window, the control method further includes: obtaining the cumulative number of activation failures of the energy storage device; determining the window length of the preset delay window based on a preset mapping relationship and the cumulative number of failures, wherein the window length increases as the cumulative number of failures increases.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the disturbance state parameter includes the output voltage of the charging device and the duration for which the output voltage is greater than a second voltage threshold. The control method further includes: determining that the disturbance state parameter satisfies an output condition when the output voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold and the duration is greater than a first preset time threshold; or, the disturbance state parameter includes the output current of the charging device, and the control method further includes: determining that the disturbance state parameter satisfies an output condition when the output current is greater than a first current threshold.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the disturbance state parameter includes the phase shift angle between the primary and secondary sides of the power conversion device; controlling the power conversion device to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode includes: adjusting the phase shift angle according to a preset rule under the preset disturbance mode, so that the power conversion device outputs the activation signal to the energy storage device; the control method further includes: determining that the disturbance state parameter satisfies the output condition when the phase shift angle is greater than the preset phase shift angle threshold.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the preset rule is: controlling the phase shift angle to gradually increase from the initial phase shift angle by a first preset step size until the phase shift angle reaches the target phase shift angle, wherein the target phase shift angle is greater than or equal to the preset phase shift angle threshold.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the charging device further includes a switching device. After determining that the energy storage device has been successfully activated, the control method further includes: detecting the switching state of the switching device; and performing a corresponding processing operation on the switching device based on a comparison result between the switching state and a preset state.

[0012] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control device, which includes: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor, cause the control device to perform the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a charging device, which includes a power conversion device, a switching device, and a control device as described in the second aspect. The control device is electrically connected to the power conversion device and the switching device, respectively, and the power conversion device is used to electrically connect to a photovoltaic device and an energy storage device.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer storage medium storing instructions or programs that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method described in any of the first aspects above.

[0015] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a charging device and its control method, control apparatus, and storage medium. The control method includes: responding to the input electrical parameters of the charging device meeting the activation conditions, controlling the power conversion device to output an activation signal to the energy storage device; real-time detection of the input state parameters and disturbance state parameters of the charging device; responding to an abnormal input state parameter of the charging device, determining that the energy storage device has failed to activate, controlling the power conversion device to shut down, and when the input electrical parameters of the charging device again meet the activation conditions, starting a preset delay window; after the preset delay window ends, re-outputting the activation signal to the energy storage device, and re-detecting the input state parameters and disturbance state parameters of the charging device; responding to the disturbance state parameters of the charging device meeting the output conditions, determining that the energy storage device has successfully activated, and charging the energy storage device. By introducing a preset delay window mechanism after activation failure, and executing the next activation after the preset delay window ends, the problem of repeated system triggering and high-frequency cyclic retries after the energy storage device activation failure due to insufficient input energy is effectively improved. In addition, during the activation signal output process, the disturbance state parameters and input state parameters are detected in parallel in real time. The activation process is comprehensively monitored from two dimensions: the activation response state on the output side and the energy supply state on the input side. This improves the timeliness and accuracy of the response to activation success and failure, and helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are designated as similar elements.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a charging device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a power conversion device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0022] Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter topologies have been widely used in photovoltaic energy storage, on-board charging, and battery testing systems due to their significant advantages such as bidirectional power flow, electrical isolation, and wide input voltage range. In some charging applications, the device being charged must receive an external activation signal from the charging device in the off state before it can enter a charging state.

[0023] In photovoltaic charging applications, the charging equipment uses the DC voltage output from the photovoltaic modules as the sole input energy source. Before entering the normal charging process, the charging equipment must first send an activation signal to the energy storage device (such as a large-capacity battery pack) which is in a powered-off state. After recognizing the activation signal, the internal control unit of the energy storage device will automatically power on and switch to a rechargeable state.

[0024] However, under low light conditions (such as early morning or cloudy days), the effective power output from the photovoltaic input side is very limited. When the photovoltaic bus voltage rises to the system's minimum start-up threshold, the system immediately attempts to start up: on the one hand, the auxiliary power module inside the charging equipment must continuously draw power from the photovoltaic input side to maintain the normal operation of core components such as the controller and drive circuit; on the other hand, during the output activation signal process, the power conversion device also needs to draw power from the photovoltaic input side. The superimposed effect of the two loads causes the photovoltaic bus voltage to be rapidly pulled down at the moment of startup. When the input voltage drops below the auxiliary power supply's maintenance limit, the auxiliary power supply loses power, the controller and drive circuit stop working, the system is forced to reset, and the activation fails. After the system resets, the photovoltaic input voltage briefly rises due to the load being removed, meeting the start-up threshold again, the controller powers on and restarts, and triggers the activation process again; however, the available energy on the photovoltaic side is still insufficient, the bus voltage is pulled down again, and the system resets again. This cycle repeats itself, and the system falls into a continuous, high-frequency vicious cycle of "attempt to start—activation failure—system reset—re-triggering," unable to reliably complete the activation and charging process of the energy storage device.

[0025] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a charging device and its control method, control apparatus, charging system, and storage medium. After the system meets the startup conditions, it first outputs an activation signal and simultaneously monitors the status parameters of the photovoltaic input and output sides. If an abnormality is detected in the input side status parameters, it is determined that the current input energy is insufficient, and the system is immediately shut down. After the input voltage returns to the normal range, the system retryes after a preset delay window. This mechanism avoids the system falling into a high-frequency dead loop, improving the problem of repeated startup triggering and high-frequency retries after the energy storage device fails to activate due to insufficient input energy, thereby improving system startup reliability and enhancing the user experience. Simultaneously, during the activation signal output process, disturbance status parameters and input status parameters are detected in parallel in real time, providing comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the activation process from two dimensions: the output side activation response status and the input side energy supply status. Real-time monitoring of input state parameters helps the control device to promptly detect and respond to deterioration trends in input-side energy, reducing the risk of continuous system operation under insufficient energy conditions due to detection lag. Synchronous detection of disturbance state parameters helps the control device better understand the actual response status of the energy storage device to the activation signal, promptly confirming successful activation after the energy storage device switches to a rechargeable operating state, reducing the possibility of affecting the timing of subsequent charging process initiation due to judgment delays. The two detection mechanisms cooperate and operate in synergy, helping to improve the timeliness and accuracy of identification and response to both successful and failed activation states, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the control logic and enhancing the stability of the charging system in completing the energy storage device activation and charging process under various lighting conditions. To facilitate understanding of the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application will first be described in detail. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 The charging system 1000 includes a photovoltaic device 100, an energy storage device 300, and a charging device 200. The charging device 200 is electrically connected to both the photovoltaic device 100 and the energy storage device 300.

[0026] Photovoltaic equipment 100 refers to a power generation device that can convert solar energy into direct current (DC) electricity. The output terminal of photovoltaic equipment 100 provides a DC bus voltage within a certain range to charging equipment 200. The output power of photovoltaic equipment 100 varies with the intensity of sunlight. Under weak sunlight conditions (such as early morning, evening, or cloudy days), the maximum current that photovoltaic equipment 100 can output is extremely limited. Once a load is connected, if the current required by the load exceeds the maximum supply capacity of photovoltaic equipment 100, photovoltaic equipment 100 will be unable to maintain a stable output voltage, resulting in a rapid and significant drop in output voltage.

[0027] Energy storage device 300 refers to a rechargeable energy storage device capable of storing electrical energy and supplying power to external devices, such as a large-capacity battery pack. Initially, energy storage device 300 is in a powered-off state. It requires an activation signal from charging device 200 to wake up its internal control unit, enabling it to enter a rechargeable state before subsequent charging operations can begin. After successful activation and power-on, energy storage device 300's output will continuously provide a stable voltage, which can be used to power the auxiliary power supply within charging device 200, thereby reducing energy dependence on photovoltaic device 100.

[0028] Charging equipment 200 refers to a power conversion device that uses the DC power output from photovoltaic equipment 100 as its input source to manage the charging of energy storage equipment 300. (See also...) Figure 2 The charging device 200 includes a power conversion device 110 and a control device 120. The control device 120 is electrically connected to the power conversion device 110.

[0029] The power conversion device 110 adopts a dual active bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter topology, which has advantages such as bidirectional power flow transmission capability, high-frequency isolation conversion characteristics, and a wide input voltage range, making it widely applicable to photovoltaic energy storage charging applications. For details, please refer to... Figure 3 The power conversion device 110 includes a primary-side H-bridge 111, a transformer 112, and two secondary-side H-bridges (113A and 113B, respectively). A control device 120 is electrically connected to the control terminals of the power switching transistors in the primary-side H-bridge 111 and the secondary-side H-bridges. The input side of the primary-side H-bridge 111 serves as the DC input side of the power conversion device 110, and is electrically connected to the photovoltaic device 100 via DC buses (BUS+, BUS-) to receive the DC power output from the photovoltaic device 100. The primary-side H-bridge 111 inverts the DC power into high-frequency AC power, which is then transmitted to the secondary side via the transformer 112. The two secondary-side H-bridges then rectify the AC power converted by the transformer 112 back into DC power and output it to the energy storage device 300. To meet the requirement of synchronous charging of multiple energy storage devices 300, the power conversion device 110 in this application is equipped with two secondary-side H-bridges, whose output terminals are connected in parallel to achieve coordinated charging of the energy storage devices 300. It should be noted that the specific circuit connection method and selected switching transistor structure of the primary and secondary H-bridges can be implemented with reference to existing technologies, and will not be elaborated here; in practical applications, the number and connection method of the secondary H-bridges can also be flexibly configured according to specific application requirements. Figure 3 In the diagram, BAT+ is the positive terminal of the energy storage device 300, and BAT- is the negative terminal of the energy storage device 300.

[0030] The control device 120 refers to a processing unit that performs unified scheduling and control of the overall operating logic of the charging device 200. It can be a microcontroller unit (MCU), a central processing unit (CPU), a hardware chip, or any combination thereof. The aforementioned hardware chip can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The aforementioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the control device 120 can employ a controller of model TMS320F280039C, which executes the method steps provided in the embodiments of this application by running control program instructions stored in memory.

[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the control device 120 provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the control device 120 includes at least one processor 121 and a memory 122 connected in communication. Figure 4 Taking a bus system connection and a processor 121 as an example. Understandably, the various components in the control device 120 are coupled together through a bus system, which is used to realize communication between the various components. It is easy to understand that the bus system, in addition to the data bus, can also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus, etc. However, for clarity and brevity, in... Figure 4 The general refers to all buses as bus systems. This is understandable. Figure 4 The structures shown in the embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the structure of the control device 120 described above. For example, the control device 120 may also include components that are more... Figure 4 The structure shown has more or fewer components, or has the same as Figure 4 The diagram shows different configurations of the structure.

[0033] Specifically, the processor 121 provides computational and control capabilities to support the control device 120 in executing corresponding business logic, such as supporting the control device 120 in executing the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, or executing the steps in any possible implementation of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the processor 121 can be a general-purpose processor 121, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0034] The memory 122, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, instructions, and modules, such as the programs, instructions, and modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the memory 122 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the processor 121. The processor 121 executes various functional applications and data processing of the control device 120 by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 122, to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, or to perform the steps in any possible implementation of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the memory 122 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory. For example, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 122 may also include memory remotely located relative to the processor 121, and these remotely located memories may be connected to the processor 121 via a communication network. It is understood that examples of the aforementioned communication networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0035] As can be understood from the foregoing, the implementing entity of any method provided in the embodiments of this application can be any suitable type of control device 120 with certain computing and control capabilities, such as the aforementioned control device 120. In some feasible implementations, any method provided in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by the processor 121 executing computer program instructions stored in the memory.

[0036] In this application, after detecting activation failure, the control device 120 actively enters a low-power standby state and starts a delay window timer. During the delay window, even if the system meets the activation conditions, the control device 120 will not issue an activation command to the power conversion device 110, thereby avoiding triggering high-power power extraction again. This allows the photovoltaic device 100 to continuously input energy to the input side of the charging device 200, and the bus voltage will steadily recover. After the delay window ends, the control device 120 will initiate another activation attempt when the bus voltage has fully recovered and the photovoltaic device 100 has relatively sufficient available energy. At this time, the photovoltaic device 100 has sufficient energy margin to support the instantaneous power demand during the activation process, reducing the phenomenon of sudden drop in bus voltage due to activation power extraction, improving the activation success rate, breaking the vicious cycle of high-frequency cyclic retries, and improving the problem of repeated triggering of startup after the energy storage device 300 fails to activate due to insufficient input energy.

[0037] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 2 The charging device 200 includes a switching device 130, which is electrically connected to a control device 120. Specifically, the switching device 130 includes a soft-start switch and / or an insulation detection switch. One end of the soft-start switch is connected to the photovoltaic device 100, and the other end is connected to the input side of the power conversion device 110. The soft-start switch is used to perform a pull-in action when the soft-start condition is met (such as the voltage difference across the soft-start switch being less than a preset voltage difference threshold) to prevent surge current impact. Two insulation detection switches are installed in the insulation detection device. By sequentially controlling the on / off combination of two insulation detection relays, the device detects whether there are insulation abnormalities (such as cable damage, leakage risk, etc.) in the circuit of the charging device 200. The system can only enter normal charging mode after ensuring that it meets safety requirements. The preset voltage difference threshold refers to the upper limit of the voltage difference across the two ends that allows the soft-start switch to perform the pull-in action; its specific value can be set according to actual needs.

[0038] In related technologies, after the charging device 200 meets the start-up conditions, it first performs a closing action on the switching device 130 (e.g., a relay performs an engaging action), and then outputs an activation signal. That is, the switching device 130 performs a closing action (e.g., a relay performs an engaging action) every time activation is attempted, and the switching device 130 turns off (the relay then releases) after each failed activation and reset. Under low-light conditions, the aforementioned high-frequency cycle directly causes the switching device 130 to repeatedly perform turn-off and turn-on actions at an extremely high frequency. If a relay is used as the switching device 130, it not only generates continuous mechanical impact noise, seriously affecting the user experience, but also significantly consumes the mechanical life of the relay, resulting in a significant decrease in the overall reliability of the device. To address this, the control device 120 provided in this application embodiment is also used to perform a preset action on the switching device 130 only after the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. In this way, before the energy storage device 300 is fully activated, the switching device 130 does not need to perform a corresponding action with each activation attempt, which helps to reduce the situation where the switching device 130 is triggered with each activation attempt. In low-light conditions, even if the system undergoes multiple activation attempts, the number of times the switch 130 operates can be effectively controlled, which helps to reduce the operating frequency of the switch 130, slow down the wear and tear on its mechanical life, improve the overall reliability of the machine, and also help to reduce the mechanical noise caused by the frequent operation of the switch 130, thus improving the user experience.

[0039] In some embodiments, the charging device 200 further includes an input status parameter acquisition device electrically connected to the control device 120, for real-time acquisition of electrical status information on the input side of the charging device 200, so that the control device 120 can perform activation energy assessment and anomaly judgment.

[0040] Specifically, the input state parameters include the input voltage, the rate of change of the input voltage, and the integral value of the input energy.

[0041] Input voltage refers to the DC bus voltage between the output terminal of photovoltaic device 100 and the input terminal of power conversion device 110 of charging device 200. The output voltage of photovoltaic device 100 is the input voltage of power conversion device 110. Under normal operating conditions with good and stable lighting, the output voltage of photovoltaic device 100 is usually maintained at a high level, providing ample and stable energy input for charging device 200. However, when the light intensity decreases or lighting conditions fluctuate, the output voltage of photovoltaic device 100 decreases accordingly, and the input voltage of charging device 200 also decreases accordingly. When the input voltage drops to a certain level, the available energy of the system may not meet the minimum energy requirements for normal activation of energy storage device 300.

[0042] The input voltage change rate refers to the magnitude of the input voltage change per unit time, reflecting the rate at which the output voltage of the photovoltaic device 100 drops over time. Under normal operating conditions with sufficient and stable sunlight, the output voltage of the photovoltaic device 100 usually remains at a relatively stable level, with a relatively small voltage change rate. However, under low-light conditions, when the light intensity drops sharply or the light is continuously unstable, the output voltage of the photovoltaic device 100 often shows a rapid downward trend. At this time, the voltage change rate is negative, and the absolute value will increase significantly. By monitoring the input voltage change rate in real time, the control device 120 can promptly sense the deterioration trend of the energy supply on the input side. Thus, before the input voltage drops to the undervoltage protection threshold (the lower limit of the input voltage that triggers the system to perform undervoltage protection), it can predict in advance whether the current input energy conditions are sufficient to support the activation of the energy storage device 300, and then make corresponding control decisions.

[0043] The input energy integral value refers to the cumulative energy obtained by integrating the input power over time within a specific time window. Essentially, it reflects the total usable energy actually supplied by the photovoltaic device 100 to the charging system 1000 over a period of time. Specifically, the control device 120 integrates the product of the collected input voltage and input current (i.e., instantaneous power) within a set time window to obtain the input energy integral value for that time period. A larger value indicates a more abundant supply of energy from the input side during that time period, and a higher probability that the energy storage device 300 will successfully activate. Conversely, a lower input energy integral value indicates insufficient energy supply from the input side. The input current refers to the DC current flowing into the input side of the power conversion device 110.

[0044] In other words, by judging the above-mentioned input state parameters, it can be determined whether the activation has failed. The input state parameter acquisition device may include an input voltage sampling circuit for acquiring the input voltage, and may also include a current sampling circuit for acquiring the input current. Subsequently, the input energy integral value is calculated based on the input voltage and input current. The specific circuit structure of the voltage sampling circuit and the current sampling circuit can be referred to the existing technology, and is not limited here.

[0045] In some embodiments, the charging device 200 further includes a disturbance state parameter acquisition device electrically connected to the control device 120, for real-time acquisition of disturbance state parameters of the charging device 200, so that the control device 120 can determine whether the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated.

[0046] Specifically, the disturbance state parameters include the output voltage and the duration for which the output voltage exceeds a second voltage threshold. The output voltage refers to the DC voltage at the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 (i.e., the connection terminal of the energy storage device 300). The duration for which the output voltage exceeds the second voltage threshold refers to the cumulative time during which the output voltage continuously exceeds the second voltage threshold, used to characterize the stability of the energy storage device 300 voltage after activation at an effective level. The second voltage threshold is a voltage judgment benchmark used by the control device 120 to determine whether the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated; its value is preset according to the electrochemical characteristics of the energy storage device 300 and system design requirements. The disturbance state parameter acquisition device may include an output voltage sampling circuit for acquiring the input voltage. The disturbance state parameter acquisition device also includes a timer for calculating the duration. The specific circuit structure of the voltage sampling circuit and the timer can be referenced from existing technologies and is not limited here.

[0047] Alternatively, the disturbance state parameters may include the output current. Here, the output current refers to the DC current output by the power conversion device 110 to the energy storage device 300. Under the output current disturbance mode, the control device 120 uses a preset output current target value (first current threshold) as the closed-loop control target, and issues a current control command to the power conversion device 110. This drives the output current of the power conversion device 110 to gradually climb from zero to the preset output current target value, causing the power conversion device 110 to continuously output a controlled activation current to the energy storage device 300, thereby applying an activation signal to the energy storage device 300. The output current reflects the actual degree of external energy reception by the energy storage device 300 during the activation process. When the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, its internal control unit responds and completes the power-on process, the internal resistance decreases, and the loop current increases significantly. Therefore, the output current can be used as an effective characteristic parameter for judging whether the activation is successful. In this embodiment, the disturbance state parameter acquisition device may include an output current sampling circuit for real-time acquisition of the DC current at the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 and real-time reporting of the acquisition results to the control device 120. The specific circuit structure of the output current sampling circuit can be implemented with reference to existing technologies, and is not limited here.

[0048] Alternatively, the disturbance state parameters include the phase shift angle of the power conversion device 110. The phase shift angle refers to the phase difference between the drive signals of the primary-side H-bridge switches and the secondary-side H-bridge switches in the phase-shift control mode of the power conversion device 110. Its magnitude has a monotonic relationship with the energy transfer capability of the power conversion device 110; the larger the phase shift angle, the stronger the voltage or current excitation established on the output side. In the phase shift angle disturbance mode, the control device 120 sends a drive command to the power conversion device 110, controlling the phase shift angle to continuously increase from zero according to a preset rule (e.g., linear increase or piecewise step increase). This causes the voltage or current output by the power conversion device 110 to the energy storage device 300 to gradually increase with the increase of the phase shift angle, thereby applying an activation signal to the energy storage device 300. The control device 120 monitors the current phase shift angle in real time. If the current phase shift angle reaches a preset phase shift angle threshold as the phase shift angle continues to increase, it indicates that the power conversion device 110 has successfully established sufficient voltage or current excitation to the energy storage device 300 under this phase shift angle condition. The internal control unit of the energy storage device 300 has responded and completed the startup. The control device 120 then determines that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions and confirms that the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. The preset phase shift angle threshold can be calibrated based on the topology parameters of the power conversion device 110, the turns ratio design of the transformer 112, and the minimum activation voltage or current required by the energy storage device 300 to ensure that the output of the power conversion device 110 can establish the electrical quantity required for the activation of the energy storage device 300 when this phase shift angle is reached. In this embodiment, the disturbance state parameter acquisition device may include a phase detection circuit for real-time detection of the phase difference between the primary and secondary switching drive signals of the power conversion device 110 and feeding the detection result back to the control device 120. The specific circuit structure of the phase detection circuit can be implemented with reference to existing technologies, and is not limited here.

[0049] In some embodiments, the charging device 200 further includes an auxiliary power supply device. This auxiliary power supply device is electrically connected to the input side of the power conversion device 110 and the output terminal of the energy storage device 300, and simultaneously electrically connected to internal power-consuming components such as the control device 120 and the drive circuit of the power conversion device 110, providing a stable low-voltage operating power supply for these components. The auxiliary power supply device has a dual-power supply switching capability, automatically switching its power source according to the system's operating state. Specifically, during the initial system startup phase, the energy storage device 300 is still in a shutdown state, and its output terminal cannot provide effective voltage. At this time, the auxiliary power supply device uses the DC bus voltage output by the photovoltaic device 100 as its sole power source, stepping down the high-voltage DC power to provide a stable low-voltage operating power supply for internal core components such as the control device 120. After the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated and powered on, its output terminal will continuously output a stable voltage. At this time, the auxiliary power supply device automatically switches its power source to the energy storage device 300 to continuously power internal components such as the control device 120. It should be noted that the specific circuit topology and power switching implementation method of the auxiliary power supply device can be flexibly selected with reference to existing technologies, and are not limited here.

[0050] The control method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the exemplary application and implementation of the control device 120 provided in the embodiments of this application. This method is applied to the control device 120 described above. Specifically, the execution subject of this method is one or at least two processors 121 of the control device 120. Please refer to... Figure 5 The control method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps S100 to S400.

[0051] Step S100: In response to the input electrical parameters of the charging device meeting the activation conditions, the power conversion device is controlled to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode.

[0052] The input electrical parameters of the charging device 200 refer to electrical quantities that reflect the energy supply status of the input side of the charging device 200, including but not limited to input voltage and input current. The activation condition refers to the judgment condition that the input electrical parameters meet the minimum energy requirements for the system to trigger an activation attempt. Taking the input voltage as an example, the activation condition can be set to the input voltage continuously exceeding a preset start-up voltage threshold. That is, when the control device 120 detects that the DC bus voltage is greater than the start-up voltage threshold and the duration reaches a second preset time threshold, it determines that the photovoltaic device 100 currently has the basic energy conditions to initiate an activation attempt, and then proceeds with the subsequent activation process. The start-up voltage threshold refers to the lower limit of the input voltage that allows the system to initiate an activation attempt. The specific value can be comprehensively calibrated based on factors such as the output characteristics of the photovoltaic device 100, the activation energy requirements of the energy storage device 300, and the system topology design to ensure that the photovoltaic device 100 has sufficient and stable energy supply when initiating an activation attempt. For example, the start-up voltage threshold can be set to 150V. The second preset time threshold refers to the shortest duration for which the input voltage must continuously exceed the start-up voltage threshold. The purpose of introducing this duration requirement is to filter out instantaneous disturbances in the input voltage, avoid erroneous triggering of the activation process due to brief voltage fluctuations, and thus improve the stability and reliability of the activation start-up judgment.

[0053] The preset disturbance mode refers to the method by which the power conversion device 110 applies electrical excitation to the energy storage device 300 according to a preset control strategy. The activation signal refers to the electrical excitation signal applied from the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 to the energy storage device 300 to wake up the internal control unit of the energy storage device 300 and enable it to enter a rechargeable operating state. Specifically, the control device 120 sends a drive command to the power conversion device 110 to control the on / off timing of each power switch transistor inside the primary-side H-bridge 111 and the secondary-side H-bridge, so that the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 continuously applies excitation to the energy storage device 300 according to the preset disturbance mode. After the energy storage device 300 detects that the excitation signal meets its internal preset activation judgment conditions, its internal control unit autonomously powers on and switches its state to the rechargeable operating mode. The complete process from the power conversion device 110 outputting the activation signal until the energy storage device 300 completes the state switch constitutes a complete activation attempt by the power conversion device 110 on the energy storage device 300.

[0054] Specifically, the control device 120 collects input electrical parameters in real time, such as input voltage, through an input status parameter acquisition device. It then analyzes and processes the acquired data, comparing the current input electrical parameters with preset thresholds corresponding to the activation conditions (e.g., comparing the input voltage with a start-up voltage threshold, and comparing the duration of the input voltage exceeding the start-up voltage threshold with a second preset time threshold). Once it is confirmed that the input electrical parameters meet the activation conditions, the control device 120 immediately sends a drive command to the power conversion device 110, controlling each bridge arm switch of the power conversion device 110 to start working in a predetermined sequence, driving its output voltage to gradually rise from zero, thereby applying an activation signal to the energy storage device 300 and initiating the current activation attempt process.

[0055] Step S200: Real-time detection of input status parameters and disturbance status parameters of the charging device.

[0056] After the power conversion device 110 starts outputting the activation signal, the control device 120 simultaneously starts real-time monitoring of the electrical status of the input and output sides of the charging device 200 in order to continuously track and evaluate the activation process.

[0057] Specifically, regarding input-side monitoring, the control device 120 continuously collects the electrical status of the input side of the charging equipment 200 through an input status parameter acquisition device, acquiring input status parameters in real time. The control device 120 analyzes the input status parameters in real time, and based on preset anomaly judgment logic, continuously evaluates whether the energy supply on the input side is sufficient during the current activation process, and whether there are any abnormal situations such as a sudden drop in bus voltage caused by load power extraction, so that the system can promptly identify and respond to activation failure states.

[0058] Regarding output-side monitoring, the control device 120 synchronously collects the electrical status of the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 through a disturbance status parameter acquisition device, and obtains disturbance status parameters in real time. The control device 120 performs real-time analysis of the disturbance status parameters to determine whether the energy storage device 300 has successfully responded to the activation signal, completed the autonomous power-on of the internal control unit, and switched to the rechargeable working state, so that the system can promptly identify the successful activation status and respond.

[0059] The aforementioned input and output state detection is performed synchronously and in parallel, enabling the control device 120 to comprehensively and in real-time monitor and evaluate the activation process from two dimensions: energy supply status and energy storage device 300 activation response status, while the activation process is underway. This ensures that the control device 120 can promptly detect abnormal states or success characteristics during the activation process, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent control.

[0060] Step S300: In response to the abnormal input status parameters of the charging device, it is determined that the energy storage device has failed to activate. The power conversion device is controlled to shut down. When the input electrical parameters of the charging device meet the activation conditions again, a preset delay window is started. When the preset delay window ends, the activation signal is re-output to the energy storage device, and the input status parameters and disturbance status parameters of the charging device are re-detected.

[0061] The preset delay window refers to a waiting period set by the control device 120 before attempting another activation attempt after the input electrical parameters of the charging device 200 fail to meet the activation conditions in the current activation attempt. During this waiting period, the control device 120 does not issue any drive commands to the power conversion device 110, and the power conversion device 110 remains powered off until the preset delay window expires before attempting a new activation attempt. The duration of the preset delay window can be calibrated and configured based on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic device 100, the energy storage capacity of the DC bus, and the overall requirements of the system for startup response speed; it is not limited here. This waiting time can be a fixed value, meaning the window length of the preset delay window is a preset fixed value. The window length can range from 10 seconds to 120 seconds; for example, the window length can be set to 30 seconds.

[0062] During the real-time monitoring process in step S200, if the control device 120 detects an abnormality in the input status parameters, it determines that the available energy of the photovoltaic device 100 is insufficient to support the successful completion of this activation process, confirms the failure of the activation of the energy storage device 300, and immediately controls the power conversion device 110 to perform a shutdown operation, stopping the output of activation signals to the energy storage device 300. The system output voltage begins to slowly decrease, ensuring the discharge of internal energy storage elements. At the same time, the power conversion device 110 removes the power draw load from the DC bus, allowing the bus voltage, which was pulled down due to activation power draw, to gradually recover from its current level.

[0063] After the power conversion device 110 is powered off, the control device 120 continuously monitors the recovery status of the input electrical parameters. When the input electrical parameters meet the activation conditions again (e.g., the input voltage rises again to exceed the preset start-up voltage threshold), the control device 120 does not immediately trigger a new round of activation attempts. Instead, it first initiates a preset delay window and enters a forced waiting phase. During the duration of the preset delay window, even if the input electrical parameters have met the activation conditions, the control device 120 does not issue any drive commands to the power conversion device 110, and the power conversion device 110 remains powered off and does not draw power from the photovoltaic device 100. During this period, the photovoltaic device 100 continuously inputs energy to the DC bus, the bus voltage steadily recovers, and the available energy on the input side of the power conversion device 110 gradually accumulates to a more abundant level. After the preset delay window expires, the control device 120 sends a drive command to the power conversion device 110 again, controlling its output voltage to climb up from zero again, applying an activation signal to the energy storage device 300, starting a new round of activation attempts, and simultaneously entering a new round of real-time detection process for input state parameters and disturbance state parameters, so as to continuously monitor and evaluate the new round of activation process.

[0064] The aforementioned mechanism, by forcibly introducing a waiting buffer phase after each activation failure confirmation, allows the system sufficient energy accumulation time before re-triggering activation attempts. This breaks the high-frequency vicious cycle of "activation failure—brief voltage rebound—immediate re-triggering—input energy depletion—failure again" that the system is prone to fall into under low light conditions. It solves the problem of frequent invalid activation attempts caused by the lack of effective waiting strategies in traditional solutions, ensuring that each activation attempt is initiated under conditions of more abundant energy reserves on the input side. This improves the activation success rate of the energy storage device 300 and the overall startup reliability of the charging system 1000, while reducing unnecessary impacts and losses on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic device 100 and system components caused by frequent retries.

[0065] Step S400: In response to the disturbance state parameters of the charging device meeting the output conditions, determine that the energy storage device has been successfully activated, and charge the energy storage device.

[0066] In the real-time detection process, the control device 120 continuously monitors and evaluates the disturbance state parameters at the output of the power conversion device 110. If the control device 120 detects that the disturbance state parameters meet the preset output conditions, it determines that the energy storage device 300 has successfully responded to the activation signal and completed the autonomous power-on of the internal control unit, confirming the success of this activation attempt.

[0067] After confirming successful activation of the energy storage device 300, the control device 120 immediately controls the power conversion device 110 to exit the activation signal output mode and switch to the normal charging operation mode. Following a preset charging control strategy (e.g., constant current charging mode, constant voltage charging mode, or charging mode simulating the output voltage of the photovoltaic device 100), the control device 120 continuously outputs charging current to the energy storage device 300 to replenish its energy. The charging control strategy can be dynamically adjusted based on parameters such as the state of charge of the energy storage device 300, the available power output of the photovoltaic device 100, and the maximum allowable charging current of the energy storage device 300. This allows for refined management of the charging process, ensuring the charging safety and efficiency of the energy storage device 300.

[0068] Meanwhile, after successfully powering on and switching to a rechargeable operating state, the energy storage device 300 continuously provides a stable DC voltage at its output. Once the auxiliary power supply unit detects that the output voltage of the energy storage device 300 meets the power supply requirements, it automatically switches the power source of the auxiliary circuit from the photovoltaic device 100 to the energy storage device 300. The normal operation of the system's auxiliary circuit no longer depends on the continuous power supply from the photovoltaic DC bus. This switching mechanism effectively reduces the additional energy consumption of the photovoltaic device 100 by the auxiliary circuit during subsequent charging, allowing the available energy output from the photovoltaic device 100 to be more fully utilized for charging the energy storage device 300. This further improves the overall charging efficiency of the system and ensures the stable and reliable operation of the charging system 1000 under various lighting conditions.

[0069] The control method provided in this embodiment actively controls the power conversion device 110 to shut down after the energy storage device 300 fails to activate. Then, it continuously monitors the input electrical parameters until they recover to meet the activation conditions. Then, it starts a preset delay window for buffering and waiting. It reactivates only after the delay ends. This effectively improves the problem of the charging system 1000 failing to activate the energy storage device 300 due to insufficient output energy of the photovoltaic device 100 under low light conditions, which leads to a vicious cycle of high-frequency cyclic retry. This improves the activation success rate of the energy storage device 300 and the overall startup reliability of the charging system 1000.

[0070] Furthermore, during the activation signal output process, disturbance state parameters and input state parameters are detected in parallel and in real time, providing comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the activation process from two dimensions: the activation response state on the output side and the energy supply state on the input side. Real-time monitoring of input state parameters helps the control device to promptly detect and respond to deterioration trends in input energy, reducing the risk of the system continuing to operate under insufficient energy conditions due to detection lag. Synchronous detection of disturbance state parameters helps the control device better understand the actual response state of the energy storage device to the activation signal, promptly confirming successful activation after the energy storage device switches to a rechargeable operating state, reducing the possibility of delays affecting the timing of subsequent charging process initiation. The two detection mechanisms work together to improve the timeliness and accuracy of identifying and responding to both successful and failed activation states, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the control logic and enhancing the stability of the charging system in completing the energy storage device activation and charging process under various lighting conditions.

[0071] In some embodiments, the control method includes: determining that the input state parameters of the charging device 200 are abnormal when the input state parameters of the charging device 200 meet any one of the following conditions: (a1) the input voltage of the charging device 200 is less than a first voltage threshold; (a2) the input voltage change rate of the charging device 200 is negative and the input voltage change rate is less than a first change rate threshold; (a3) ​​the input energy integral value of the charging device 200 is less than a preset integral threshold.

[0072] The first voltage threshold refers to the minimum voltage at which the control device 120 determines whether the current output energy level of the photovoltaic device 100 has dropped to a level that cannot sustain the activation process. In other words, when the input voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, it indicates that the photovoltaic device 100 can no longer provide sufficient energy support for the activation process. Therefore, the control device 120 compares the real-time collected input voltage with the first voltage threshold. Once it detects that the input voltage is lower than the first voltage threshold, it immediately determines that the input status parameters are abnormal and confirms that the activation has failed. It should be noted that the specific value of the first voltage threshold can be comprehensively calibrated based on the minimum sustaining voltage of the system's auxiliary power supply, the operating characteristics of the power conversion device 110, and the output characteristics of the photovoltaic device 100. It can be adaptively adjusted under different system configurations. For example, the first voltage threshold can be set to 135V, meaning that when the input voltage drops to 135V, the control device 120 determines that the input-side energy supply is severely insufficient during the activation process and confirms that the input status parameters are abnormal.

[0073] The first rate of change threshold is a negative value used by the control device 120 to determine whether the input voltage drop rate has exceeded the normal fluctuation range. The input voltage change rate refers to the amount of change in input voltage per unit time, which can be obtained by the control device 120 through differential calculation of continuously acquired input voltage samples. When the voltage change rate shows a clear and rapid decreasing trend (i.e., the input voltage change rate is negative, and the absolute value of the input voltage change rate is greater than the absolute value of the first rate of change threshold), the control device 120 can determine that the current input state parameters are abnormal and confirm that the activation has failed.

[0074] The preset integration threshold is a criterion used by the control device 120 to determine whether the available energy provided by the photovoltaic device 100 to the charging system 1000 within a specific time window meets the minimum energy requirement for completing a full activation process. The input energy integral value is the cumulative energy obtained by integrating the product of the input voltage and input current (i.e., instantaneous input power) collected in real time by the control device 120 within a set time window. Its calculation can be approximated by the processor 121 in the control device 120 using a discrete summation method, that is, by accumulating the product of the instantaneous power value and the sampling period duration in each sampling cycle to obtain the input energy integral value within that time window. When the input energy integral value is lower than the preset integration threshold, the control device 120 determines that the cumulative energy provided by the current input device to the system within that time window is insufficient to ensure the smooth completion of the activation process, judges the current input state parameters as abnormal, and confirms that the activation has failed.

[0075] This embodiment constructs a multi-dimensional anomaly judgment mechanism covering three dimensions: absolute amplitude of input voltage, rate of change of input voltage, and integral value of input energy. This helps to further improve the accuracy, real-time performance, and robustness of the control device 120 in identifying activation failure states. Compared with the traditional judgment method that relies solely on a single voltage threshold comparison, this multi-dimensional anomaly judgment mechanism can comprehensively and three-dimensionally evaluate the energy supply status on the input side from multiple perspectives. To a certain extent, it compensates for the limitations of a single criterion in terms of perception dimensions, helping to reduce the risk of missed or false judgments that may be caused by a single criterion. This, in turn, helps to improve the control device 120's ability to accurately and reliably identify and respond to activation failure states under complex operating conditions.

[0076] In some embodiments, before activating the preset delay window, the control method further includes the steps S301 to S302.

[0077] Step S301: Obtain the cumulative number of activation failures of the energy storage device.

[0078] The cumulative count refers to the total number of historical failures since the start of the current activation process, in which the control device 120 has initiated activation attempts but failed to successfully trigger the energy storage device 300 to complete activation. Before successful activation, each time an activation attempt is determined to have failed, the control device 120 increments the cumulative count by one and stores the updated cumulative count in the storage unit of the control device 120 for subsequent steps.

[0079] Step S302: Based on the preset mapping relationship and the cumulative number of times, determine the window length of the preset delay window, wherein the window length increases with the increase of the cumulative number of times.

[0080] After obtaining the cumulative count, the window length of the current delay window can be dynamically calculated based on a preset mapping relationship. The mapping relationship can include a linear mapping relationship or an exponential mapping relationship.

[0081] A linear mapping relationship means that the window length and the cumulative number of failures are directly proportional. For each additional failure, the window length increases by a fixed step size. For example, if the initial window length is 5 seconds and the fixed step size is 5 seconds, then the window length after the first failed activation is 5 + 1 × 5 = 10 seconds, after the second failed activation is 5 + 2 × 5 = 15 seconds, after the third failed activation is 5 + 3 × 5 = 20 seconds, and so on, with the window length increasing uniformly with the cumulative number of failures.

[0082] The exponential mapping relationship refers to the window length increasing exponentially with the cumulative number of failures. It is suitable for application scenarios that require a rapid increase in the waiting interval. For example, if the initial window length is 5 seconds and the exponent base is 2, then the window length after the first activation failure is 5 × 2¹ = 10 seconds, the window length after the second activation failure is 5 × 2² = 20 seconds, the window length after the third activation failure is 5 × 2³ = 40 seconds, and so on. The window length expands rapidly with the cumulative number of failures, which helps to quickly reduce the activation attempt frequency when the energy storage device 300 continues to fail to respond, thus avoiding continuous impact on the energy storage device 300.

[0083] Furthermore, to avoid the adverse effects of continuously increasing window length on system response performance, an upper limit value for the window length can be set. When the calculated window length exceeds this upper limit value, the upper limit value is used as the actual window length of the current preset delay window. For example, if the upper limit value for the window length is set to 120 seconds, then regardless of whether the window length calculated according to the above linear or exponential mapping relationship exceeds 120 seconds, the control device 120 will use 120 seconds as the actual window length of the current preset delay window for waiting, thereby protecting the energy storage device 300 while taking into account the overall response efficiency of the system.

[0084] Compared to a fixed delay window approach, this embodiment dynamically correlates the window length with the cumulative number of activation failures, giving the delay strategy a degree of adaptive adjustment capability. When the number of activation failures is low, the window length is relatively short, which helps maintain high activation response efficiency. As the number of failures accumulates, the window length gradually increases, which helps to avoid continuous invalid retries caused by persistently insufficient energy conditions, thereby reducing the system's invalid power consumption and unnecessary losses. When the external environment is continuously unstable (such as persistently low light intensity or frequent power grid fluctuations) causing repeated activation failures, the gradually increasing delay window mechanism helps the control device 120 adapt to the current energy supply situation to a certain extent, reducing the risk of system state disorder caused by frequent retries, thereby helping to improve the stability and reliability of the control device 120 under complex operating conditions.

[0085] In some embodiments, the disturbance state parameters include the output voltage of the charging device 200 and the duration for which the output voltage is greater than a second voltage threshold. The control method further includes step S401A: when the output voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold and the duration is greater than a first preset time threshold, it is determined that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions.

[0086] The second voltage threshold refers to the lower limit of the output voltage of the charging device 200 used to determine whether the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. The specific value of the second voltage threshold can be determined comprehensively based on factors such as the activation response characteristics of the internal control unit of the energy storage device 300, the output capability of the power conversion device 110, and the system topology design. For example, the second voltage threshold can be set to 21V. The first preset time threshold refers to the shortest duration for which the output voltage must continuously exceed the second voltage threshold. The purpose of introducing this duration requirement is to filter out instantaneous fluctuations in the output voltage, avoiding misjudgment that the output condition is met due to the output voltage briefly exceeding the second voltage threshold, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the disturbance state parameter judgment. Only when the output voltage remains above the second voltage threshold for the duration specified by the first preset time threshold can the control device 120 confirm that the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. For example, the first preset time threshold can be set to 8 seconds.

[0087] The preset disturbance modes include an output voltage disturbance mode. In the output voltage disturbance mode, the control device 120 sends a drive command to the power conversion device 110 to control the turn-on and turn-off sequence of the power switches inside the primary-side H-bridge 111 and the secondary-side H-bridge, so that the output terminal of the power conversion device 110 establishes a DC voltage that continuously rises from zero. After the energy storage device 300 continuously detects that the DC voltage exceeds its internal preset activation voltage threshold and the maintenance time meets the requirements, the internal control unit of the energy storage device 300 autonomously completes the power-on and switches its own state to the rechargeable working mode.

[0088] In this embodiment, by introducing two dimensions of judgment conditions—voltage amplitude and duration—simultaneously, the accuracy and reliability of the activation success judgment conclusion are improved, and the risk of misjudgment caused by short-term fluctuations in output voltage is reduced.

[0089] In some embodiments, the disturbance state parameter includes the output current of the charging device, and the control method further includes step S401B: when the output current is greater than a first current threshold, determine that the disturbance state parameter satisfies the output condition.

[0090] The first current threshold refers to the lower limit of the output current of the charging device 200 used to determine whether the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. The first current threshold can be pre-calibrated based on the electrochemical characteristics of the energy storage device 300 and the system design requirements.

[0091] The preset disturbance mode includes an output current disturbance mode. In the output current disturbance mode, the control device 120 sends a current control command to the power conversion device 110 with a preset disturbance current amplitude as the target value. The power conversion device 110 then periodically injects charging current into the energy storage device 300 according to a first current threshold as the target value. This current signal is then applied to the energy storage device 300 as an activation signal. Specifically, the control device 120 collects the output current of the power conversion device 110 in real time and performs closed-loop control with it against the first current threshold, driving the output current to converge towards the first current threshold. When the output current of the power conversion device 110 reaches the first current threshold, it indicates that the energy storage device 300 has completed the activation response. Based on this, the activation attempt is considered successful, and the energy storage device 300 has entered a rechargeable operating state.

[0092] In this embodiment, the output current is used as the disturbance state parameter, which can directly reflect the actual response capability of the energy storage device 300 to the charging power from the current dimension, thereby improving the reliability of the activation success judgment.

[0093] In some embodiments, the disturbance state parameters include the phase shift angle of the power conversion device. Controlling the power conversion device to output an activation signal to the energy storage device under a preset disturbance mode includes step S110: under the preset disturbance mode, adjusting the phase shift angle according to a preset rule so that the power conversion device outputs an activation signal to the energy storage device. The control method further includes step S401C: when the phase shift angle is greater than a preset phase shift angle threshold, determining that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions.

[0094] In this context, the phase shift angle refers to the phase difference between the switching drive signals of the primary-side H-bridge and the secondary-side H-bridge in phase-shift control mode of the power converter 110. In a dual active bridge (DAB) topology, there is a monotonic relationship between the output voltage transmitted from the power converter 110 to the energy storage device 300 and the phase shift angle. A larger phase shift angle results in stronger energy transfer between the primary and secondary sides, a higher output voltage amplitude established at the output terminal of the power converter 110, and consequently, a greater activation energy received by the energy storage device 300.

[0095] The preset disturbance methods include phase shift angle disturbance. In phase shift angle disturbance mode, the control device sends a phase shift disturbance command to the power conversion device 110 in phase shift control mode. By periodically adjusting the phase shift angle of the power conversion device 110, it dynamically controls the amount of energy transferred to the energy storage device 300, thereby forming an activation signal with regular power fluctuation characteristics. Specifically, the control device controls the phase shift angle of the power conversion device 110 to gradually increase from its initial value according to a preset rule, and monitors the dynamic changes of the phase shift angle in real time. This causes the voltage at the output of the power conversion device 110 to continuously rise with the increase of the phase shift angle, thereby applying an activation signal with gradually increasing amplitude to the energy storage device 300. After continuously receiving this activation signal and determining that it meets the internally preset activation judgment conditions, the energy storage device 300's internal control unit autonomously completes power-on and switches its state to rechargeable operating mode.

[0096] The preset phase shift angle threshold refers to the lower limit of the phase shift angle of the power conversion device 110 used to determine whether the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated. It is based on the topology parameters of the power conversion device 110, the transformer turns ratio design, and the minimum activation voltage or current required by the energy storage device 300, pre-calibrated as a phase reference for successful activation. Its specific value can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual system parameters to ensure that when the phase shift angle reaches this threshold, the output of the power conversion device 110 can establish the electrical quantity required for the activation of the energy storage device 300. The control device monitors the current phase shift angle in real time: if the current phase shift angle reaches the preset phase shift angle threshold during a continuous increase, it indicates that the power conversion device 110 has successfully established sufficient output voltage excitation for the energy storage device 300 under this phase shift angle condition. The internal control unit of the energy storage device 300 has responded and completed startup. The control device then determines that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions and judges that the energy storage device 300 has been successfully activated.

[0097] In this embodiment, the phase shift angle is used as the disturbance state parameter, which can indirectly and in real time reflect the ability and excitation intensity of the power conversion device 110 to transfer energy to the energy storage device 300 from the dimension of the internal control state. It can effectively determine the activation success state without adding a dedicated voltage or current sensor at the output end of the charging device, which helps to reduce the system hardware complexity and overall cost. It also simplifies the acquisition link of the disturbance state parameter and is conducive to improving the system integration.

[0098] In some embodiments, the preset rule is: the phase shift angle is controlled to gradually increase from the initial phase shift angle by a first preset step size until the phase shift angle reaches the target phase shift angle, and the target phase shift angle is greater than or equal to the preset phase shift angle threshold.

[0099] The initial phase shift angle is the starting value of the phase shift angle of the power conversion device 110 when outputting the activation signal. It is usually set to a small value or even close to zero to ensure that the power conversion device 110 outputs only a very low amplitude energy excitation to the energy storage device 300 at the initial stage of the activation signal application. This avoids the power conversion device 110 drawing excessive current from the input side due to an excessively large phase shift angle at the moment of activation, thereby effectively preventing the photovoltaic DC bus voltage from suddenly dropping due to a large power draw. The first preset step size refers to the fixed angle increment of the phase shift angle in each step cycle. Its magnitude determines the rate of increase of the activation signal amplitude. The specific value of the first preset step size can be comprehensively calibrated based on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic equipment, the dynamic response characteristics of the power conversion device 110, and the activation energy requirements of the energy storage device 300, and is not limited here. The target phase shift angle is the maximum value that the phase shift angle can reach during this activation disturbance process. Its value is greater than or equal to the preset phase shift angle threshold to ensure that, under the condition that the activation process proceeds smoothly, the phase shift angle has the opportunity to grow to the preset phase shift angle threshold and trigger the activation success judgment logic.

[0100] During the activation process of the phase shift angle disturbance mode, the control device continuously sends phase shift step commands to the power conversion device 110 according to the aforementioned preset rules, driving the phase shift angle to increase uniformly from the initial phase shift angle in units of the first preset step size, so that the amplitude of the activation signal output by the power conversion device 110 to the energy storage device 300 increases smoothly accordingly. After each step cycle, the control device reads the current phase shift angle in real time and compares it with the preset phase shift angle threshold and the target phase shift angle. If the current phase shift angle reaches the preset phase shift angle threshold during the increment process, the control device immediately determines that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions, confirms that the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, terminates the phase shift angle increment process, and switches to the normal charging control mode. In addition, based on the real-time monitoring results of the input state parameters, the control device determines whether it is necessary to enter the activation failure handling process.

[0101] This embodiment regulates the phase shift angle adjustment process into a linear incremental control strategy with a first preset step size, so that the power absorbed by the power conversion device 110 from the input side can rise smoothly from low to high. This effectively mitigates the impact of power sudden change on the photovoltaic DC bus at the moment of activation and reduces the risk of the input voltage dropping suddenly due to activation power absorption and triggering abnormal protection, which helps to improve the stability and success rate of the activation process.

[0102] In some embodiments, the charging device 200 further includes a switching device, and after determining that the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, the control method further includes the following steps S510 to S520.

[0103] Step S510: Detect the switching status of the switching device.

[0104] The switch state refers to the current on / off state of the switch device 130. After the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, the control device 120 detects the current switch state of the switch device 130 to obtain its real-time on / off state information, which serves as the basis for subsequent processing operations.

[0105] Step S520: Based on the comparison result between the switch state and the preset state, perform the corresponding processing operation on the switch device 130.

[0106] The preset state refers to the target on / off state that the switching device 130 should be in after the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, such as the off state. The control device 120 compares the current state of the switching device 130 detected in step S510 with the preset state, and performs the corresponding processing operation based on the comparison result.

[0107] In practical applications, the charging device 200 may include multiple switching devices 130. After successful activation confirmation, the control device 120 can sequentially perform status detection on each switching device 130 according to a preset detection sequence, and perform corresponding processing operations based on their respective comparison results, thereby ensuring that each switching device 130 is in the correct working state.

[0108] In this embodiment, the operation timing of the switching device 130 is postponed until after the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated. This reduces the situation where the switching device 130 is forced to perform frequent switching actions due to each activation failure, significantly reducing the frequency of invalid actions of the switching device 130. This helps to slow down the wear and tear on the mechanical life of the switching device 130, reduce the mechanical noise caused by frequent switching actions, improve the user experience, and is more conducive to improving the overall operational reliability and service life of the system.

[0109] In some embodiments, based on the comparison result between the switch state and the preset state, the corresponding processing operation is performed on the switch device, including but not limited to the following steps S511 to S512.

[0110] Step S511: If the switch state is in the preset state, then control the switch device to perform the preset action.

[0111] When the current switching state of the switch device 130 is detected to be consistent with the preset state, it indicates that the switch device 130 is operating normally and has the basic conditions to perform subsequent actions. At this time, the control device 120 sends a control command to the switch device 130 to drive the switch device 130 to perform the preset action. The preset action may include, but is not limited to, driving the switch device 130 to switch from the current state to the closed state.

[0112] Step S512: If the switch state is not in the preset state, generate fault information.

[0113] When the current switching state of the switch device 130 is detected to be inconsistent with the preset state, it indicates that the switch device 130 may have a fault such as sticking, jamming or abnormal drive. The control device 120 stops issuing action commands to the switch device 130, instead generates corresponding fault information, and reports the fault information to the upper monitoring system or notifies relevant personnel to intervene and handle it in a timely manner through the local alarm device.

[0114] Specifically, when the switching device 130 includes a soft-start relay, after the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, the control device 120 detects the voltage difference across the soft-start relay and determines the current switching state of the soft-start relay based on the voltage difference. If the soft-start relay is detected to be in the off state, it indicates that the soft-start relay is in the preset state and is working normally. The control device 120 then sends a conduction command to the soft-start relay to drive it to perform a closing action, such as short-circuiting the surge suppression circuit to establish a normal charging circuit. If the soft-start relay is detected to be in the conduction state, it indicates that the soft-start relay has a fault such as contact sticking or abnormal conduction and is not in the preset state. The control device 120 stops executing subsequent action commands and generates corresponding fault information for fault diagnosis and maintenance troubleshooting.

[0115] When the switching device 130 includes two insulation detection relays, after the energy storage device 300 is successfully activated, the control device 120 detects the current switching status of the two insulation detection relays. Under normal operating conditions, the two insulation detection relays should be in the off state to ensure effective isolation between the insulation detection circuit and the main charging circuit. If both insulation detection relays are detected as being in the off state, it indicates that they are in a preset state and operating normally. The control device 120 then drives the two insulation detection relays to sequentially perform closing actions, causing the insulation detection circuit to detect the insulation resistance between the charging system 1000 and the chassis ground. Only after confirming that the system's insulation performance meets safety requirements can the subsequent charging process begin. If any insulation detection relay is detected as being in the on state, it indicates a fault such as contact adhesion or abnormal conduction, and the relay is not in the preset state. The control device 120 stops executing subsequent action commands, generates corresponding fault information, and triggers an alarm to remind relevant personnel to intervene and investigate in a timely manner to prevent the system from continuing to operate under abnormal insulation detection circuit conditions, which could lead to safety risks.

[0116] In this embodiment, before driving the switch device 130 to perform a preset action, its current state is actively verified. The subsequent action command is only executed after confirming that the switch device 130 is in the preset state. This helps to reduce the risk of blindly driving the switch device 130 to perform its actions when it is in an abnormal state. To a certain extent, it reduces the probability of potential safety hazards such as abnormal charging circuit, overcurrent or insulation failure caused by switch device 130 failure, and helps to improve the overall operational safety of the system.

[0117] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing an electronic device to perform the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0118] In some embodiments, the storage medium may be a memory such as FRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disk, or CD-ROM; or it may be a variety of devices including one or any combination of the above-mentioned memories.

[0119] In some embodiments, executable instructions may take the form of a program, software, software module, script, or code, written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and may be deployed in any form, including as a standalone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0120] As an example, executable instructions may, but do not necessarily, correspond to files in the file system. They may be stored as part of a file that holds other programs or data, for example, in one or more scripts in a Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) document, in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple collaborative files (e.g., a file that stores one or more modules, subroutines, or code sections).

[0121] As an example, executable instructions can be deployed to execute on a single computing device (including devices such as smart terminals and servers), or on multiple computing devices located in one location, or on multiple computing devices distributed across multiple locations and interconnected via a communication network.

[0122] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0123] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0124] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a general-purpose hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for at least one computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A control method for a charging device, characterized in that, The charging device is electrically connected to the energy storage device, the charging device includes a power conversion device, and the control method includes: In response to the input electrical parameters of the charging device meeting the activation conditions, the power conversion device is controlled to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode; Real-time detection of the input status parameters and disturbance status parameters of the charging device; In response to an abnormal input status parameter of the charging device, the activation failure of the energy storage device is determined, and the power conversion device is controlled to shut down. When the input electrical parameters of the charging device meet the activation conditions again, a preset delay window is started. When the preset delay window ends, the activation signal is re-output to the energy storage device, and the input status parameters and disturbance status parameters of the charging device are re-detected. In response to the disturbance state parameters of the charging device satisfying the output conditions, the energy storage device is determined to be successfully activated, and the energy storage device is charged.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method includes: The input status parameters of the charging device are determined to be abnormal if any one of the following conditions is met: (a1) The input voltage of the charging device is less than a first voltage threshold; (a2) The input voltage change rate of the charging device is negative, and the input voltage change rate is less than a first change rate threshold; (a3) The input energy integral value of the charging device is less than the preset integral threshold.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before activating the preset delay window, the control method further includes: Obtain the cumulative number of activation failures of the energy storage device; Based on the preset mapping relationship and the cumulative number of times, the window length of the preset delay window is determined, wherein the window length increases as the cumulative number of times increases.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance state parameters include the output voltage of the charging device and the duration during which the output voltage is greater than a second voltage threshold. The control method further includes: when the output voltage is greater than the second voltage threshold and the duration is greater than a first preset time threshold, determining that the disturbance state parameters meet the output conditions. Alternatively, the disturbance state parameter includes the output current of the charging device, and the control method further includes: when the output current is greater than a first current threshold, determining that the disturbance state parameter satisfies the output condition.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance state parameters include the phase shift angle between the primary and secondary sides of the power conversion device; The method of controlling the power conversion device to output an activation signal to the energy storage device in a preset disturbance mode includes: adjusting the phase shift angle according to a preset rule under the preset disturbance mode, so that the power conversion device outputs the activation signal to the energy storage device; The control method further includes: when the phase shift angle is greater than the preset phase shift angle threshold, determining that the disturbance state parameter satisfies the output condition.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset rule is as follows: The phase shift angle is controlled to gradually increase from the initial phase shift angle by a first preset step size until the phase shift angle reaches the target phase shift angle, and the target phase shift angle is greater than or equal to the preset phase shift angle threshold.

7. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging device further includes a switching device, and after determining that the energy storage device has been successfully activated, the control method further includes: Detect the switching state of the switching device; Based on the comparison result between the switch state and the preset state, the corresponding processing operation is performed on the switch device.

8. A control device, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor, cause the control device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A charging device, characterized in that, Includes a power conversion device, a switching device, and a control device as described in claim 8; The control device is electrically connected to the power conversion device and the switching device respectively. The power conversion device is used to electrically connect to the photovoltaic equipment and the energy storage equipment respectively.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores instructions or programs that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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