Charging system, charging method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product

Abstract

The application discloses a charging system, a charging method, an electronic device, a storage medium and a computer program product. The charging system is used for charging a battery. The charging system comprises a control module and a switch module. The control module comprises a first algorithm unit. The control module is electrically connected with a collection module. The collection module is used for collecting and outputting state data of the battery to the control module. The state data comprises at least one of a temperature rise rate and a charging power rate. The switch module is electrically connected with the control module. The first algorithm unit is used for controlling the on-off frequency of the switch module according to the state data, so as to adapt to the charging of the battery, to realize accurate control of the charging process, to improve the charging efficiency and to guarantee the safety of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery charging control, and more specifically to a charging system, charging method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the charging systems of electric vehicles and energy storage systems generally adjust the charging current based on battery voltage or SOC, failing to integrate multi-dimensional dynamic parameters such as temperature, temperature rise rate and charging rate for closed-loop optimization in real time. This results in low charging efficiency in low-temperature environments, increased risk of thermal runaway in high-temperature environments, and an inability to adapt to the personalized needs of different battery aging levels and environmental conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application is made to address the aforementioned problems. According to one aspect of this application, a charging system is provided for charging a battery. The charging system includes: a control module, which includes a first algorithm unit, and is adapted to be electrically connected to a data acquisition module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire and output battery status data to the control module. The status data includes at least one of temperature rise rate and charging rate; and a switching module, which is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module. The first algorithm unit is used to control the switching frequency of the switching module according to the status data to suit the charging of the battery.

[0004] Preferably, the switching module includes a first MOSFET, a first terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module, a second terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery, and a third terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the load.

[0005] Preferably, when the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05 °C / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold.

[0006] When the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value that is less than the first threshold.

[0007] When the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold.

[0008] Preferably, the control module further includes an optimization unit and / or a storage unit. One end of the optimization unit is adapted to communicate with the first algorithm unit, and the other end of the optimization unit is adapted to communicate with the storage unit. The optimization unit is used to correct the PWM duty cycle value according to the current battery SOC and current state data so that the battery reaches a fully charged state during the next charging. The storage unit is used to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the optimization unit.

[0009] Preferably, the switching module further includes a second MOSFET, a third MOSFET, and a fourth MOSFET; the first terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the first MOSFET, the second terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery, and the third terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET; the first terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module, the second terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the load, and the third terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET; the first terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the third MOSFET, the second terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the load, and the third terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the third MOSFET.

[0010] Preferably, the switching module further includes a relay, one end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery and the other end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the load. When the first MOSFET is not working, the relay is closed to charge the battery.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a charging method for a charging system, the charging method comprising: determining battery state data, the state data including at least one of temperature rise rate and charging rate; and controlling the switching frequency of a switching module in the charging system to charge the battery based on the battery state data.

[0012] Preferably, before determining the battery's state data, the method further includes: determining the battery's voltage data; if the battery's voltage data is lower than a set second threshold, determining the battery temperature; if the battery temperature is less than 25°C, controlling the first MOSFET to operate and controlling the relay to disconnect, and the charging system charging the battery through the first MOSFET; or, if the battery temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, controlling the relay to close and controlling the first MOSFET to de-operate, and the charging system charging the battery through the relay.

[0013] Preferably, based on the battery status data, controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module in the charging system includes: if the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05℃ / min, controlling the first algorithm unit to output a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold; if the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, controlling the first algorithm unit to output a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold; if the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, controlling the first algorithm unit to output a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold.

[0014] Preferably, after controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module in the charging system based on the battery's state data, the method further includes: if the charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to 3.6V or the charging time is greater than or equal to 1 hour, then the control tuning unit corrects the PWM duty cycle value based on the current battery SOC and current state data, and controls the storage unit to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the tuning unit, and controls the first MOSFET to turn off; if the charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is less than 3.6V and the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, then the first MOSFET is controlled to turn off, and the relay is controlled to close. The system can charge the battery via a relay. If the charging system charges the battery via the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is less than 3.6V, the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery temperature is less than 25°C, then the relay is kept open, and the first MOSFET is activated to charge the battery via the first MOSFET. If the charging system charges the battery via the relay, and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to 3.7V or the charging time is greater than or equal to 40 minutes, then the relay is deactivated. If the charging system charges the battery via the relay, and the battery voltage is less than 3.7V and the charging time is less than 40 minutes, then the first MOSFET is kept off, and the relay is activated to charge the battery via the relay.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor and a memory, wherein one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor being used to execute instructions for the steps in the method of the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data interchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps described in the method of the second aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0017] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program being operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps described in the method of the second aspect of embodiments of this application. The computer program product may be a software installation package.

[0018] A charging system, charging method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product according to an embodiment of this application have the following beneficial effects: This application achieves precise control of the charging process by collecting battery status data and dynamically adjusting the switching frequency of the switching module based on the status data, thereby improving charging efficiency and ensuring battery safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0029] In one optional implementation, the charging system 00 provided in this application is used to charge a battery 40. The charging system 00 includes a control module 10, which includes a first algorithm unit 101. The control module 10 is adapted to be electrically connected to a data acquisition module 20, which is used to acquire and output state data of the battery 40. The state data includes at least one of temperature rise rate and charging rate. A switch module 30 is also included, which is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module 10. The first algorithm unit 101 is used to control the switching frequency of the switch module 30 according to the state data to facilitate charging of the battery 40. By acquiring the state data of the battery 40 and dynamically adjusting the switching frequency of the switch module 30 according to the state data, precise control of the charging process is achieved, improving charging efficiency and ensuring the safety of the battery 40.

[0030] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1-6As shown, the charging system 00 includes a control module 10, which is implemented by an automotive-grade embedded MCU (such as Infineon AURIX TC397). The control module 10 includes a first algorithm unit 101, which can be a fuzzy control algorithm. The control module 10 is adapted to be electrically connected to the acquisition module 20. The acquisition module 20 includes a voltage acquisition unit, a current acquisition unit, and a temperature acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit is used to acquire the voltage data of the battery 40, the current acquisition unit is used to acquire the current data of the circuit, and the temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the temperature data of the battery 40. After the acquisition module 20 acquires the voltage data U, current data I, and temperature data T of the battery 40, it can calculate the temperature rise rate and the charging rate of the battery 40 according to the formulas: charging capacity Q=∫Idt, charging rate q=dQ / dt, and temperature rise rate t=dT / dt. The acquisition module 20 outputs at least one of the temperature rise rate and the charging rate to the control module 10. The state data is input into the fuzzy control algorithm, where it undergoes fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification. The algorithm then outputs a PWM duty cycle value. If the temperature rise rate is too slow (e.g., below 0.05℃ / min), the PWM duty cycle is increased, meaning the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold. If the charging rate is too low (e.g., below 0.07Ah / min), the PWM duty cycle is increased, meaning the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is too fast (e.g., above 0.2℃ / min), the PWM duty cycle is decreased, meaning the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold. If the charging rate is too high (e.g., above 0.34Ah / min), the PWM duty cycle is decreased, meaning the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold. Specifically, if the system is just starting to work, the first threshold is the initial value before encountering any operating conditions, i.e., the first threshold is 50%. If the system is not operating for the first time, the first threshold is a value that has appeared before and has been identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102). The charging system 00 also includes a switching module 30, which includes a first MOSFET 301. The first MOSFET 301 is an NMOS transistor. The switching module 30 is electrically connected to the control module 10. The first algorithm unit 101 dynamically adjusts the switching frequency of the switching module 30 according to the PWM duty cycle value to achieve precise control of the charging current, improve charging efficiency, and ensure the safety of the battery 40.

[0031] In one optional implementation, the switching module 30 includes a first MOSFET 301. The first terminal of the first MOSFET 301 is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module 10, the second terminal of the first MOSFET 301 is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery 40, and the third terminal of the first MOSFET 301 is adapted to be electrically connected to the load 50. The MOSFET has a fast response speed. By dynamically adjusting the switching frequency of the MOSFET, the charging rate can be improved and adapted to different charging conditions.

[0032] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the switching module 30 includes a first MOSFET 301, which is an N-channel enhancement-mode high-voltage MOSFET. Compared with the relay 305, the NMOS transistor has a response speed that is more than 100 times faster, no mechanical wear, and meets automotive-grade reliability requirements. The gate (G) of the NMOS transistor is connected to the control module 10 through the driver chip 60. The function of the driver chip 60 is to raise the gate voltage. The NMOS transistor can only conduct when the gate voltage is higher than the source voltage by a certain value. The source (S) of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to the battery 40, and the drain (D) of the NMOS transistor is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter 70 on the load 50 side, thereby connecting the load 50. During the charging process, the first MOSFET 301 switches at a frequency of 20kHz–100kHz, and the switching frequency is dynamically adjusted by the first algorithm unit 101. For example, in low-temperature fast charging scenarios (-10℃, SOC<5%), when the charging rate is less than 0.07Ah / min or the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 increases the PWM frequency to 80kHz and the duty cycle to 85% to overcome electrochemical polarization and increase the average charging current; in high-temperature conditions (45℃, SOC>80%), the frequency is reduced to 30kHz and the duty cycle is compressed to 45% to suppress side reactions and heat accumulation.

[0033] In one optional implementation, when the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold; when the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold; when the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold. The PWM duty cycle is dynamically adjusted based on the battery 40 state data to improve charging efficiency while optimizing the charging strategy.

[0034] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the charging system 00 includes a control module 10, which includes a first algorithm unit 101. The first algorithm unit 101 can be a fuzzy control algorithm. The control module 10 is adapted to be electrically connected to the acquisition module 20. After the acquisition module 20 acquires the voltage data U, current data I, and temperature data T of the battery 40, it can calculate the temperature rise rate and charging rate of the battery 40 according to the formulas: charging capacity Q=∫Idt, charging rate q=dQ / dt, and temperature rise rate t=dT / dt. The status data includes the temperature rise rate. At least one of the temperature rise rate and the charging rate, the acquisition module 20 inputs the state data into the fuzzy control algorithm for fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification, and outputs a PWM duty cycle value. If the temperature rise rate is too slow, such as less than 0.05℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too low, such as less than 0.07Ah / min, the PWM duty cycle is increased, that is, the PWM duty cycle value output by the first algorithm unit 101 is greater than a first threshold; if the temperature rise rate is too fast, such as greater than 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too low, the PWM duty cycle is increased. If the voltage is too high, such as exceeding 0.34 Ah / min, the PWM duty cycle is reduced, meaning the PWM duty cycle value output by the first algorithm unit 101 is less than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, the PWM duty cycle remains unchanged, meaning the PWM duty cycle value output by the first algorithm unit 101 is equal to the first threshold. Wherein, if the system has just started working, the first... The first threshold is the initial value under no-encounter operating conditions, i.e., the first threshold is 50%. If the system is not working for the first time, the first threshold is the value that has occurred before and has been identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102). For example, when the charging rate is less than 0.07Ah / min (such as the initial stage of low-temperature charging), the battery 40 is severely polarized. Maintaining a 50% duty cycle will result in the actual current being much lower than the target value. The system will dynamically increase the duty cycle to 75%–90%. In actual tests, after increasing the duty cycle from 50% to 85% at -10℃, the 0–10% SOC charging time was shortened by 32%. When the charging rate is greater than 0.34Ah / min or the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min (such as the end of fast charging or high-temperature environment), the risk of lithium plating and side reactions increases. The system will reduce the duty cycle to 40%–50% to reduce power input and suppress temperature rise. In the intermediate range (charging rate between 0.07–0.34 Ah / min, temperature rise rate between 0.05–0.2℃ / min), the system maintains a 50% duty cycle as a baseline to ensure maximum energy transfer efficiency. However, if the system is not initially operating, it maintains the PWM duty cycle value identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102) under the same operating conditions. As a result, in real vehicle testing, the charging completion time was shortened by 11%, and no thermal runaway events occurred.

[0035] In an optional implementation, the control module 10 further includes an optimization unit 102 and / or a storage unit 103. One end of the optimization unit 102 is adapted to communicate with the first algorithm unit 101, and the other end of the optimization unit 102 is adapted to communicate with the storage unit 103. The optimization unit 102 is used to correct the PWM duty cycle value according to the current battery SOC and current state data so that the battery 40 reaches a fully charged state in the next charging. The storage unit 103 is used to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the optimization unit 102. The optimization unit 102 and the storage unit 103 realize "charging experience accumulation" and "personalized charging strategy", improve the charging speed and enable the battery 40 to achieve a full charge every time it is charged.

[0036] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the control module 10 also includes an optimization unit 102 and / or a storage unit 103. One end of the optimization unit 102 is adapted to communicate with the first algorithm unit 101, and the other end of the optimization unit 102 is adapted to communicate with the storage unit 103. The optimization unit 102 is an adaptive learning module in the MCU of the control module 10. Fuzzy control algorithms are commonly used at low temperatures, while machine learning algorithms are commonly used at high temperatures. It consists of an optimization program. The inputs of the optimization unit 102 are the SOC change curve, temperature rise curve, voltage curve, and the final actual charge amount during the entire charging process. The output is the PWM duty cycle correction coefficient. The control module 10 records the temperature rise rate, charge amount rate, average current, and PWM waveform duty cycle every 1 to 5 minutes. This data is recorded as a set of charging data until the end of full charging. The optimization module optimizes the PWM duty cycle based on the charging data to improve charging efficiency and stores it in the NVM for data training to improve charging efficiency. For example, if the voltage reaches 4.15V at SOC=95% but trickle charging is not triggered, and the final charge is 2% lower than the theoretical capacity, the tuning unit 102 determines that the duty cycle in the high SOC region is too small, corrects the first threshold from 50% to 68%, and writes it into the parameter table of the corresponding battery 40ID in the storage unit 103. The storage unit 103 is responsible for storing and recording the optimized control parameters and is composed of various electronic storage devices such as NVM / RAM. The tuning unit 102 and the storage unit 103 enable the system to have adaptive learning capabilities and can continuously optimize the charging strategy.

[0037] In an optional implementation, the switching module 30 further includes a second MOSFET 302, a third MOSFET 303, and a fourth MOSFET 304; the first terminal of the second MOSFET 302 is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the first MOSFET 301, the second terminal of the second MOSFET 302 is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery 40, and the third terminal of the second MOSFET 302 is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET 301; the first terminal of the third MOSFET 303 is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module 10, and the second terminal of the third MOSFET 303 is adapted to be electrically connected to the load 50. The third terminal of the fourth MOSFET 304 is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET 301; the first terminal of the fourth MOSFET 304 is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the third MOSFET 303; the second terminal of the fourth MOSFET 304 is adapted to be electrically connected to the load 50; and the third terminal of the fourth MOSFET 304 is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the third MOSFET 303. The third MOSFET 303 and the fourth MOSFET 304 are used to supply power to the load 50. The second MOSFET 302 and the first MOSFET 301 are of the same type and are used to achieve redundancy backup, extend the system life and enhance the system reliability.

[0038] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1-6As shown, the switching module 30 includes a first MOSFET 301, a second MOSFET 302, a third MOSFET 303, and a fourth MOSFET 304. All four MOSFETs are N-channel enhancement-mode high-voltage MOSFETs. The gate (G) of the first MOSFET 301 and the gate (G) of the second MOSFET 302 are electrically connected. The source (S) of the first MOSFET 301 is electrically connected to the battery 40. The source (S) of the second MOSFET 302 is also electrically connected to the battery 40. The drain (D) of the second MOSFET 302 is electrically connected to the drain (D) of the first MOSFET 301. The gate (G) of the third MOSFET 303 is connected to the control module 10 via the driver chip 60. The source (S) of the third MOSFET 303 is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter 70 on the load 50 side, thus connecting to the load 50. The drain (D) of the third MOSFET 303 is electrically connected to the drain (D) of the first MOSFET 301. The gate (G) of the fourth MOSFET 304 is connected to the control module 10 via the driver chip 60. The source (S) terminal of the S-transistor 304 is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter 70 on the load 50 side, thereby connecting the load 50. The drain (D) terminal of the fourth MOSFET 304 is electrically connected to the drain (D) terminal of the second MOSFET 302. The gate (G) terminals of all four MOSFETs are connected to the control module 10 through the driver chip 60. The function of the driver chip 60 is to raise the gate voltage. The NMOS transistor can only conduct when the gate voltage is higher than the source voltage by a certain value. Preferably, the switching module 30 also includes a first diode 311 and a second diode 312. One end of the first diode 311 is electrically connected to the battery 40, and the other end of the first diode 311 is electrically connected to the gate of the first MOSFET 301. One end of the second diode 312 is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter 70 on the load 50 side, thereby connecting the load 50. The other end of the second diode 312 is electrically connected to the gate of the third MOSFET 303. The first diode 311 and the second diode 312 are used to protect the four NMOS transistors. The third MOSFET 303 and the fourth MOSFET 304 are used to supply power to the load 50. When the battery 40 is low on power, the MCU requests the vehicle to start and power on. Based on the current SOC, voltage, temperature, and current, the MCU dynamically controls the switching frequency of the MOSFETs in real time (charging starts when Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are all on, and charging stops when Q1 and Q2 are off), generating a PWM waveform to charge the battery 40 in a pulse manner, thereby avoiding premature charging cutoff caused by cell polarization. When the battery 40 is fully charged or overheated, the vehicle powers down, disconnects Q1 and Q2, and stops charging the battery 40. The battery 40 continues to supply power to the low-voltage load 50 of the vehicle through the MOSFETs (Q3 and Q4 are on). The second MOSFET 302 uses the same model as the first MOSFET 301 to achieve redundancy backup, extend the system life, and enhance the system reliability.

[0039] In an optional implementation, the switch module 30 further includes a relay 305, one end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery 40, and the other end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the load 50. When the first MOSFET 301 is not working, the relay 305 is closed to charge the battery 40. The charging method of the relay 305 can reduce system energy consumption and improve system energy efficiency.

[0040] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1-6 As shown, the switching module 30 also includes a relay 305. One end of the relay 305 is suitable for electrical connection to the battery 40, and the other end of the relay 305 is suitable for electrical connection to the load 50. The relay 305 and the first MOSFET 301 form a "main-auxiliary dual-channel" charging architecture: when the battery 40 temperature is ≥25℃, the system prioritizes charging via the relay 305. Because the relay 305 has no switching losses and no EMI interference, the first MOSFET 301 is completely turned off at this time, avoiding energy loss caused by the conduction of the MOSFET body diode. When the battery 40 temperature is <25℃ or fast charging is required, the relay 305 is turned off, and the first MOSFET 301 takes over the charging control to achieve dynamic PWM adjustment. If the battery 40 temperature rises to the normal temperature threshold (e.g., 25℃) during the charging process through the MOSFET, the system switches to normal temperature charging control mode, turns off the PWM output, and uses the relay 305 circuit for charging. The dual-channel charging architecture of the relay 305 and the first MOSFET 301 can minimize system costs and optimize the charging strategy.

[0041] Various embodiments of this application also provide a charging method for a charging system 00. The charging method includes: determining the state data of a battery 40, the state data including at least one of temperature rise rate and charging rate; and controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module 30 in the charging system 00 to charge the battery 40 based on the state data of the battery 40. This method does not require a preset charging curve, but is entirely adaptively adjusted based on real-time thermoelectric characteristics. It is applicable to different chemical systems and different aging states of batteries 40, realizing personalized charging management for each vehicle and improving charging efficiency.

[0042] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 7-8As shown, after obtaining the voltage data U, current data I, and temperature data T of battery 40, the charging capacity Q=∫Idt, the charging rate q=dQ / dt, and the temperature rise rate t=dT / dt can be used to calculate the temperature rise rate and charging rate of battery 40. If the temperature rise rate is too slow, such as less than 0.05℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too low, such as less than 0.07Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is increased, i.e., the output PWM duty cycle value is controlled to be greater than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is too fast, such as greater than 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too high, such as greater than 0.34Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is decreased, i.e., the output PWM duty cycle value is controlled to be less than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34Ah / min, the PWM duty cycle is kept constant, that is, the output PWM duty cycle value is equal to the first threshold. If the system has just started working, the first threshold is the initial value under no operating conditions, that is, the first threshold is 50%. If the system is not working for the first time, the first threshold is the value that has appeared before and has been identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102). By controlling the PWM duty cycle to increase, decrease or remain unchanged, the switching frequency of the switching module 30 is controlled, thereby controlling the charging of the battery 40. For example, if the PWM duty cycle increases from 50% to 80%, the NMOS transistor turn-on and turn-off time changes from (500ms, 500ms) to (800ms, 200ms).

[0043] In an optional implementation, before determining the state data of the battery 40, the method further includes: determining the voltage data of the battery 40; if the voltage data of the battery 40 is lower than a set second threshold, determining the temperature of the battery 40; if the temperature of the battery 40 is less than 25°C, controlling the first MOSFET 301 to operate and controlling the relay 305 to disconnect, and the charging system 00 charging the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301; or, if the temperature of the battery 40 is greater than or equal to 25°C, controlling the relay 305 to close and controlling the first MOSFET 301 to not operate, and the charging system 00 charging the battery 40 through the relay 305. The dual-channel charging architecture of the relay 305 and the first MOSFET 301 can minimize system costs and optimize the charging strategy.

[0044] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 7-8As shown, the voltage data of battery 40 is determined. When the voltage data of battery 40 is lower than the second threshold of 3.2V, the MCU requests the vehicle to start and determines whether the current temperature is low or normal. If the temperature of battery 40 is greater than or equal to 25℃, the MCU controls relay 305 to close to enter normal temperature charging and starts monitoring the charging process. When Vmax reaches the cutoff voltage of 3.7V~3.8V or the time reaches 40~90 minutes, the MCU requests the vehicle to be powered off, and charging ends. If the temperature of battery 40 is less than 25℃, the MCU disconnects relay 305, reads the PWM control parameters under the current state conditions, and sets the parameters according to the current state of battery 40. The charging cutoff time is set within the range of 1-2 hours. The MOSFET is controlled according to the PWM control parameters. During charging, the battery temperature T, charging current I, and charging voltage U need to be collected in real time. The charging capacity Q=∫Idt, the charging rate q=dQ / dt, and the temperature rise rate t=dT / dt are calculated. The MOSFET's PWM control parameters are dynamically adjusted based on q and t. If the temperature rise rate is too slow (e.g., less than 0.05℃ / min) and / or the charging rate is too low (e.g., less than 0.07Ah / min), the PWM duty cycle is increased, meaning the output PWM duty cycle value is greater than the first... Threshold; if the temperature rise rate is too fast, such as greater than 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too high, such as greater than 0.34Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is reduced, i.e., the output PWM duty cycle value is controlled to be less than the first threshold; if the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is kept constant, i.e., the output PWM duty cycle value is controlled to be equal to the first threshold. Wherein, if the system has just started working, the first threshold is... If no initial value is encountered under the operating condition, i.e., the first threshold is 50%, if the system is not working for the first time, the first threshold is one that has appeared before and has been identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102). The temperature rise, charging power, average current, and PWM waveform duty cycle are recorded every 1 to 5 minutes. When the detection voltage Vmax reaches the cutoff voltage of 3.6V to 3.7V or the time reaches 1 to 2 hours, the charging data of this group is frozen. Before the end of charging, the tuning unit 102 optimizes the PWM duty cycle according to the charging data of this group and stores it in the storage unit 103. Then, the vehicle is requested to be powered off, and the charging ends.

[0045] In one optional implementation, based on the state data of the battery 40, the switching frequency of the switching module 30 in the charging system 00 is controlled, including: if the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold; if the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold; if the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold. The PWM duty cycle is dynamically adjusted based on the state data of the battery 40 to improve charging efficiency while optimizing the charging strategy.

[0046] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 7-8 As shown, when the first MOSFET 301 is used to charge the battery 40, during the charging process, it is necessary to collect the battery 40 temperature T, charging current I, and charging voltage U in real time, calculate the charging capacity Q=∫Idt, the charging rate q=dQ / dt, and the temperature rise rate t=dT / dt, and dynamically adjust the PWM control parameters of the MOSFET based on q and t. If the temperature rise rate is too slow, such as less than 0.05℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too low, such as less than 0.07Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is increased, that is, the output PWM duty cycle value is controlled to be greater than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is too fast, such as greater than 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is too high, such as greater than 0.34Ah / min, then the PWM duty cycle is decreased, that is, the output PWM duty cycle is controlled to be reduced. The PWM duty cycle value is less than the first threshold. If the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, and / or the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34Ah / min, the PWM duty cycle is kept constant, that is, the output PWM duty cycle value is equal to the first threshold. If the system has just started working, the first threshold is the initial value under the condition that has not been encountered, that is, the first threshold is 50%. If the system is not working for the first time, the first threshold is the value that has appeared before and has been identified and recorded by the system (tuning unit 102). By controlling the PWM duty cycle to increase, decrease or remain unchanged, the switching frequency of the switching module 30 is controlled, thereby controlling the charging of the battery 40. For example, if the PWM duty cycle increases from 50% to 80%, the NMOS transistor turn-on and turn-off time changes from (500ms, 500ms) to (800ms, 200ms).

[0047] In an optional implementation, after controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module 30 in the charging system 00 based on the state data of the battery 40, the method further includes: if the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301, and the battery 40 voltage is greater than or equal to 3.6V or the charging time is greater than or equal to 1 hour, then the control tuning unit 102 corrects the PWM duty cycle value according to the current battery SOC and current state data, and controls the storage unit 103 to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the tuning unit 102, and controls the first MOSFET 301 to be turned off; if the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301, and the battery 40 voltage is less than 3.6V and the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery 40 temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, then the control first MOSFET 301 is turned off, and the control relay 305 is closed to charge the battery 40 through the relay 305; if the charging... System 00 charges battery 40 through first MOSFET 301. If battery 40 voltage is less than 3.6V, charging time is less than 1 hour, and battery 40 temperature is less than 25℃, then relay 305 is kept off, and first MOSFET 301 is activated to charge battery 40 through first MOSFET 301. If charging system 00 charges battery 40 through relay 305, and battery 40 voltage is greater than or equal to 3.7V or charging time is greater than or equal to 40 minutes, then relay 305 is deactivated. If charging system 00 charges battery 40 through relay 305, and battery 40 voltage is less than 3.7V and charging time is less than 40 minutes, then first MOSFET 301 is kept off, and relay 305 is activated to charge battery 40 through relay 305. This process constitutes a complete charging system, ensuring safe and efficient operation of the system under various boundary conditions.

[0048] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 7-8As shown, if the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301, and the detected voltage Vmax reaches the cutoff voltage of 3.6V~3.7V or the time reaches 1~2h, then the current charging data is frozen. Before the charging ends, the optimization unit 102 optimizes the PWM duty cycle based on the current charging data and stores it in the storage unit 103. Then, the vehicle is requested to be powered off, and the charging ends. If the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301, and the battery 40 voltage is less than 3.6V and the charging time is less than 1h, and the battery 40 temperature is greater than or equal to 25℃, then the control... When the first MOSFET 301 is turned off, it controls the relay 305 to close, allowing charging of the battery 40 through the relay 305. Charging process monitoring begins. Once Vmax reaches the cutoff voltage of 3.7V~3.8V or the charging time reaches 40~90 minutes, the system requests the vehicle to disconnect, ending the charging process. If the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301, and the battery 40 voltage is less than 3.6V, the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery 40 temperature is less than 25℃, then the relay 305 remains open, and the first MOSFET 301 is activated to charge the battery 40 through the first MOSFET 301. Battery 40 is charged, and the PWM control parameters under the current state are read. The charging cutoff time range of 1~2h is set according to the current cell state. The first MOSFET 301 is controlled according to the PWM control parameters. During the charging process, the battery 40 temperature T, charging current I, and charging voltage U need to be collected in real time. The charging capacity Q=∫Idt, the charging rate q=dQ / dt, and the temperature rise rate t=dT / dt are calculated. The PWM control parameters of the first MOSFET 301 are dynamically adjusted according to q and t. The temperature rise, charging capacity, average current, and PWM waveform are recorded every 1~5 minutes. The duty cycle is adjusted so that when the detected temperature reaches room temperature, the relay 305 is closed to enter room temperature charging. If the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the relay 305, the charging process monitoring begins. When Vmax reaches the cutoff voltage of 3.7V~3.8V or the time reaches 40~90 minutes, the vehicle is requested to be powered off, and charging ends. If the charging system 00 charges the battery 40 through the relay 305, and the battery 40 voltage is less than 3.7V and the charging time is less than 40 minutes, the first MOSFET 301 is controlled to remain in the cutoff state, and the relay 305 is controlled to close to charge the battery 40 through the relay 305.

[0049] The electronic device provided in this embodiment is used to perform the above-described charging method, and therefore can achieve the same effect as the above-described implementation method.

[0050] When using integrated units, the electronic device may include a processing module and a storage module. The processing module is used to control and manage the operation of the electronic device. The storage module is used to support the execution of stored program code and data by the electronic device.

[0051] The processing module can be a processor or a controller. It can implement or execute various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. The processor can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of digital signal processing (DSP) and a microprocessor, etc. The storage module can be a memory. The communication module can specifically be a radio frequency circuit, a Bluetooth chip, a Wi-Fi chip, or other devices that interact with other electronic devices.

[0052] This application also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data interchange, which causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments, wherein the computer includes an electronic device.

[0053] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program product may be a software installation package, and the computer may include an electronic device.

[0054] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0056] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0057] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A charging system, characterized in that, The charging system is used to charge the battery, and the charging system includes: A control module, comprising a first algorithm unit, is adapted to be electrically connected to a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module being used to acquire and output the battery status data to the control module, the status data including at least one of temperature rise rate and charging rate; A switching module, which is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module, wherein the first algorithm unit is used to control the switching frequency of the switching module according to the status data, so as to charge the battery.

2. The charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a first MOSFET, a first terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module, a second terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery, and a third terminal of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the load.

3. The charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05 °C / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold. When the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value that is less than a first threshold. When the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or when the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit 101 outputs a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold.

4. The charging system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module further includes an optimization unit and / or a storage unit. One end of the optimization unit is adapted to communicate with the first algorithm unit, and the other end of the optimization unit is adapted to communicate with the storage unit. The optimization unit is used to correct the PWM duty cycle value according to the current battery SOC and the current state data so that the battery reaches a fully charged state during the next charging. The storage unit is used to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the optimization unit.

5. The charging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching module further includes a second MOSFET, a third MOSFET, and a fourth MOSFET; The first terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the first MOSFET, the second terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery, and the third terminal of the second MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET; the first terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the control module, the second terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the load, and the third terminal of the third MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the first MOSFET; the first terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the first terminal of the third MOSFET, the second terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the load, and the third terminal of the fourth MOSFET is adapted to be electrically connected to the third terminal of the third MOSFET.

6. The charging system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching module also includes a relay, one end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the battery and the other end of which is adapted to be electrically connected to the load. When the first MOSFET is not working, the relay is closed to charge the battery.

7. A charging method for a charging system, characterized in that, The charging method includes: Determine the battery's state data, which includes at least one of the rate of temperature rise and the rate of charge input. Based on the battery's status data, the switching frequency of the switching module in the charging system is controlled to charge the battery.

8. The charging method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before determining the state data of the battery, the method further includes: Determine the battery voltage data; if the battery voltage data is lower than a set second threshold, then determine the battery temperature. If the battery temperature is less than 25°C, the first MOSFET is controlled to work, and the relay is controlled to disconnect. The charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET. Alternatively, if the battery temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, the relay is controlled to close, and the first MOSFET is controlled to stop working, and the charging system charges the battery through the relay.

9. The charging method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module in the charging system based on the battery status data includes: If the charging rate is less than 0.07 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is less than 0.05℃ / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value greater than a first threshold. If the charging rate is greater than 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value less than the first threshold. If the charging rate is greater than or equal to 0.07 Ah / min and less than or equal to 0.34 Ah / min, and / or if the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to 0.05℃ / min and less than or equal to 0.2℃ / min, the first algorithm unit outputs a PWM duty cycle value equal to the first threshold.

10. The charging method according to claim 9, characterized in that, After controlling the on / off frequency of the switching module in the charging system based on the battery status data, the method further includes: If the charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to 3.6V or the charging time is greater than or equal to 1 hour, then the control tuning unit corrects the PWM duty cycle value according to the current battery SOC and the current state data, and controls the storage unit to store the PWM duty cycle value corrected by the tuning unit, and controls the first MOSFET to be turned off. If the charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is less than 3.6V and the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, then the first MOSFET is controlled to be turned off, and the relay is controlled to be closed to charge the battery through the relay. If the charging system charges the battery through the first MOSFET, and the battery voltage is less than 3.6V and the charging time is less than 1 hour, and the battery temperature is less than 25°C, then the relay is controlled to remain in the off state, and the first MOSFET is controlled to work to charge the battery through the first MOSFET. If the charging system charges the battery through the relay, and the battery voltage is greater than or equal to 3.7V or the charging time is greater than or equal to 40 minutes, then the relay is controlled to disconnect. If the charging system charges the battery through the relay, and the battery voltage is less than 3.7V and the charging time is less than 40 minutes, then the first MOSFET is controlled to remain in the off state, and the relay is controlled to close to charge the battery through the relay.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes a processor and a memory, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor being configured to execute instructions for the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 7-10.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program for storing electronic data interchange is provided, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 7-10.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on a terminal, the terminal performs the method as described in any one of claims 7-10.

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