Stator short-pitch coil and rotor multi-fold short-pitch combined coil direct current induction motor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of brushless synchronous asynchronous induction motor. The direct current induction motor with short pitch stator coil and multiple short pitch rotor coil combination coil is characterized by driver shell (1), IGBT tube (2), position sensor (3), code disc (4), rear bearing (5), stator core shell (6), stator core (7), stator coil (8), rotor coil (9), rotor core (10), rotor core shell (11), front bearing (12), main shaft (13) and end cover (14). The stator coil adopts short pitch, and multiple adjacent short pitch coils of the rotor coil are connected to form a long pitch coil group. The corresponding stator short pitch coil is powered to generate long pitch magnetic lines with a pitch corresponding to the corresponding rotor coil group. The rotor coil group generates magnetic flux. The characteristic of magnetic lines always having alignment tendency is used to generate rotating torque. The stator coil magnetic field rotates, and the rotor rotates accordingly.

Description

[0001] Technical Field: This invention relates to the field of brushless synchronous and asynchronous induction motor technology. Currently, brushless motors are divided into two types: one is the brushless asynchronous induction motor, where the rotor is a squirrel-cage type. The rotor inducts into the rotating magnetic field of the stator, generating a magnetic field that interacts with the stator's rotating magnetic field. The rotor rotates under the influence of this magnetic force. The direction of the magnetic flux within the rotor is not constant. The disadvantages of asynchronous induction motors are low torque and power, and low speed. The other type is the rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, where permanent magnets with different magnetic pole directions are distributed on the rotor, forming a constant permanent magnetic field. The interaction force between the rotating magnetic field and the permanent magnetic field drives the rotor to rotate. High-speed rail drive motors mostly use this type of motor. The disadvantages of permanent magnet motors are that the permanent magnets are prone to demagnetization at high temperatures and consume a large amount of rare earth resources, and the permanent magnets have low temperature resistance. Brushless motor technology seems to have reached a bottleneck. Therefore, we propose a brushless induction synchronous motor that does not use permanent magnets, has a very high power-to-weight ratio, and still has significant room for development.

[0002] Background Technology: Utilizing the principle of induction motors, the stator uses short-pitch coils to generate a rotating magnetic field. Several adjacent short-pitch coils on the rotor are connected in series or parallel to form a long-pitch coil group. The rotor has multiple such long-pitch coil groups. According to the principle of Rösson's law, when the magnetic flux of the stator coil commutates, the magnetic flux direction in the rotor's long-pitch coil group remains constant and does not commutate. The rotor coils and the stator magnetic field rotate synchronously. Simultaneously, a pulse carrier current is applied, resulting in a high induced magnetic field strength in the rotor and a large motor torque. A position sensor is used to control the rotation of the motor's stator coil magnetic field, leading to a high motor speed. Summary of the Invention:

[0003] The stator core and rotor core can have the same number of slots or different numbers of slots to ensure that the span of the three adjacent stator coils of the three-phase motor is the same or similar to the span of the rotor coil group formed by connecting the adjacent rotor coils.

[0004] The stator core and rotor core can be extended in series in multiple pairs axially, or in parallel in multiple pairs radially (large-diameter cores encasing small-diameter cores). The corresponding core slots correspond to each other, forming multiple magnetic flux through-paths in the cores.

[0005] The motor can be driven by DC power, IGBT transistors, position sensors, and logic controllers, or by directly loading the stator coil group with three-phase AC power to control the motor.

[0006] The logic controller can drive the IGBT transistor to apply square wave, linear wave, nonlinear wave, curved wave, or carrier wave (pulse wave under the square wave envelope) current to the stator coil. Attached image description:

[0007] Figure 1 Axial section view of the motor

[0008] Figure 2Radial sectional view of stator core and coil

[0009] Figure 3 . Layout diagram of internal components of the driver

[0010] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of position sensor, encoder, IGBT, and coil.

[0011] Figure 5 IGBT Working Principle Diagram

[0012] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] like Figure 1 As shown, the DC induction motor with stator short pitch coil and rotor multiple short pitch combined coil consists of a driver housing (1), IGBT tube (2), position sensor (3), encoder (4), rear bearing (5), stator core housing (6), stator core (7), stator coil (8), rotor coil (9), rotor core (10), rotor core housing (11), front bearing (12), main shaft (13), and end cover (14).

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the driver housing (1), stator core housing (6), and end cover (14) together constitute the motor housing structure. The main shaft (13) is rotatably installed in the rear bearing (5) embedded in the stator core housing (6) and the front bearing (12) embedded in the end cover (14). The rotor core (10) is coaxially embedded in the rotor core housing (11). The rotor core housing is fixedly installed on the main shaft (13). The stator core (7) is coaxially embedded in the stator core housing (6). The stator core (7) and the rotor core (10) are coaxial. The openings of the stator core slot (7) and the rotor core slot (10) are opposite each other. There is a certain magnetic gap on the side end face of the opening of the stator core slot (7) and the rotor core (10).

[0015] like Figure 2 As shown, each magnetic core (one pitch core between adjacent core slots) of the stator core (7) is equipped with a set of coils. Adjacent stator coils (8) are defined as phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A', phase B', phase C', ..., phase A' and phase A coils are wound in opposite directions. All coils defined as phase A and phase A' are connected in parallel. Phase B, phase B', phase C, and phase C' are connected in parallel in the same way as above, forming a three-phase motor coil grouping method, that is, a coil group composed of three phases with one pitch. The coil grouping method of four-phase or multi-phase motors is the same as above.

[0016] like Figure 2As shown, each magnetic core (one pitch iron core between adjacent iron core slots) of the rotor coil (9) is equipped with a set of coils. The winding direction of each coil of the rotor coil (9) is the same. Three or N adjacent coils are connected in series or associated to form a rotor coil group.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the code disk (4) is fixedly installed at the tail end of the main shaft (13). The code disk (4) has 5 teeth. The relative angle between the rotation direction of the code disk (4) and the main shaft (13) can be adjusted. There are 6 position sensors (3), which are circumferentially distributed on the bottom disk of the driver housing (1). The phase of the stator coil (8) of the three-phase motor corresponds to the phase of the code disk (4) and the phase of the position sensor (3) so as to control the phase of the stator coil (8) and the rotor coil (9) to have a reasonable phase angle, so that the magnetic lines of the stator coil (8) and the magnetic lines of the rotor coil (9) have a reasonable magnetic declination angle.

[0018] like Figure 3 As shown, the six position sensors (3) are defined as A, B, C, A', B', and C', respectively, and are distributed in a circle above the code disk (4). When the A, A' coils need to be positively charged, position sensor A (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the A, A' coils need to be negatively charged, position sensor A' (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the B, C, and A' phases of the stator coil (8) need to be positively charged, position sensors B, C, and A' (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the B, C, and A' phases of the stator coil (8) need to be negatively charged, position sensors B', C', and A (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4), and so on.

[0019] like Figure 3 As shown, there are 6 position sensors (3) equipped with 5 toothed encoders (4), or other numbers of position sensors (3) and encoders (4) with different numbers of teeth. The position sensors (3) and encoders (4) do not sense signals at the same time. Based on the sensing signals of different position sensors (3), the rotation angle position range of the main shaft (13) and the rotor coil (9) can be determined.

[0020] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each phase coil group of the stator coil (8) is powered by a bridge IGBT (2). The position sensor (3) can directly drive the gate g of the IGBT (2), or the signal of the position sensor (3) and the gate g of the IGBT (2) are connected through a logic controller (PLC or microcontroller) to control the corresponding IGBT (2) to turn on with a delay, turn on with a pulse, or turn on with a certain degree. The logic controller can set parameters such as acceleration and deceleration time and stator coil (8) current.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the stator core (7) and rotor core (10) can have the same number of slots or different numbers of slots, ensuring that the span of the three adjacent stator coils (8) of the three-phase motor is the same as the span of the rotor coil group formed by connecting the adjacent rotor coils (9).

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the stator core (7) and rotor core (10) can be extended in series in multiple pairs axially, or in parallel in multiple pairs radially (large diameter cores with small diameter cores), with corresponding core slots forming multiple core coil magnetic flux through paths.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, a motor can be driven by DC power plus IGBT tube (2) plus position sensor (3) plus logic controller, or the stator coil (8) coil group can be directly loaded by three-phase AC power.

[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the logic controller can drive the IGBT tube (2) to apply square wave, linear wave, nonlinear wave, curved wave, and carrier (pulse square wave) current to the stator coil (8).

[0025] Implementation method: The stator coil adopts a short pitch, and multiple adjacent short pitch coils of the rotor coil are connected to form a long pitch coil group. When the corresponding short pitch coil of the stator is energized, a long pitch magnetic field line with a pitch equivalent to that of the corresponding rotor coil group is generated. The rotor coil group generates induced magnetic flux, and the rotational torque is generated by utilizing the characteristic that the magnetic field lines always have an alignment tendency.

Claims

1. A DC induction motor with a short-pitch stator coil and a rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil comprises a driver housing (1), an IGBT tube (2), a position sensor (3), an encoder disk (4), a rear bearing (5), a stator core housing (6), a stator core (7), a stator coil (8), a rotor coil (9), a rotor core (10), a rotor core housing (11), a front bearing (12), a main shaft (13), and an end cover (14). Its features are: (1) The drive housing (1), stator core housing (6), and end cover (14) together constitute the motor housing structure. The main shaft (13) is rotatably installed in the rear bearing (5) embedded in the stator core housing (6) and the front bearing (12) embedded in the end cover (14). The rotor core (10) is coaxially embedded in the rotor core housing (11). The rotor core housing is fixedly installed on the main shaft (13). The stator core (7) is coaxially embedded in the stator core housing (6). The stator core (7) and the rotor core (10) are coaxial. The openings of the stator core slot (7) and the rotor core slot (10) are opposite each other. There is a certain magnetic gap on the side end face of the opening of the stator core (7) and the rotor core (10). (2) Stator core (7) Each magnetic core (one pitch core between adjacent core slots) is equipped with a set of coils. Adjacent stator coils (8) are defined as phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A', phase B', phase C', etc. The winding direction of phase A' and phase A coils is opposite. All coils defined as phase A and phase A' are connected in parallel. Phase B, phase B', phase C, and phase C' are connected in parallel with phases A and A' in the same way to form a three-phase motor coil group, that is, a coil group composed of three phases with one pitch. The coil grouping method of four-phase or multi-phase motors is the same as the above. (3) Rotor coil (9) Each magnetic core (one pitch iron core between adjacent iron core slots) is equipped with a set of coils. The winding direction of each coil of the rotor coil (9) is the same. Three or N adjacent coils are connected in series or associated to form a rotor coil group. (4) The code disk (4) is fixedly installed at the tail end of the main shaft (13). The code disk (4) has 5 teeth. The relative angle between the code disk (4) and the main shaft (13) and the stator coil (8) can be adjusted. There are 6 position sensors (3) which are distributed circumferentially on the bottom disk of the driver housing (1). The rotation angle of the disk can also be adjusted. The phase of the stator coil (8) of the three-phase motor corresponds to the phase of the code disk (4) and the phase of the position sensor (3) so as to control the phase of the stator coil (8) and the rotor coil (9) to have a reasonable phase angle, so that the magnetic lines of force generated by the stator coil (8) and the magnetic lines of force of the rotor coil (9) have a reasonable magnetic declination angle. (5) The six position sensors (3) are defined as A, B, C, A', B', and C', respectively, and are distributed in a circle above the code disk (4). When the A and A' coils need to be positively charged, position sensor A (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the A and A' coils need to be negatively charged, position sensor A' (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the B, C, and A' phases of the stator coil (8) need to be positively charged, position sensors B, C, and A (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4). When the B, C, and A' phases of the stator coil (8) need to be negatively charged, position sensors B', C', and A (3) can just sense the teeth on the code disk (4), and so on. (6) Each phase coil group of the stator coil (8) is powered by a bridge IGBT (2). The position sensor (3) can directly drive the gate of the IGBT (2), or the position sensor (3) signal and the gate of the IGBT (2) are connected through a logic controller (PLC or microcontroller) to control the corresponding IGBT (2) to turn on with a delay, turn on with a pulse, or turn on with a certain degree. The logic controller can set a program to realize the control of acceleration and deceleration time, stator coil (8) current, etc.

2. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1, wherein the stator core (7) and rotor core (10) of the invention can have the same number of slots or different numbers of slots, ensuring that the span of the three adjacent stator coils (8) of the three-phase motor is the same or similar to the span of the rotor coil group formed by connecting the adjacent rotor coils (9), ensuring that the span of the N adjacent stator coils (8) of the N-phase motor is the same or similar to the span of the rotor coil group formed by connecting the adjacent rotor coils (9), and the rotor coil group formed by connecting the adjacent rotor coils (9) can be N, N+1, or N-1, or N+2, or N-2, N+X, or NX.

3. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1, wherein the invention uses 6 position sensors (3) with 5 toothed encoders (4), or other numbers of position sensors (3) and encoders (4) with different numbers of teeth. Based on the sensing signals of different position sensors (3), the rotation angle position range of the main shaft (13) and the rotor coil (9) can be determined.

4. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1, wherein the stator core (7) and rotor core (10) of the invention can be extended in series in multiple pairs axially, or in parallel in multiple pairs radially (large diameter core with small diameter core), with corresponding core slots corresponding to form multiple core through paths.

5. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1 can be driven by DC power plus IGBT tube (2) plus position sensor (3) plus logic controller, which is a DC induction motor; or it can be driven by three-phase AC power directly loading stator coil (8) A / A' phase coil group, B / B' phase coil group and C / C' phase coil group, which is an AC synchronous motor.

6. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1, wherein the logic controller of the invention can drive the IGBT tube (2) to apply square wave, linear wave, nonlinear wave, curved wave, or carrier wave (pulse wave under the envelope of square wave or curved wave) current to the stator coil (8).

7. The stator short-pitch coil and rotor multiple short-pitch combined coil DC induction motor as described in claim 1, wherein the stator core (7) and rotor core (10) of the invention can be arranged with the coils in the core capable of generating radial magnetic flux, that is, a radial magnetic flux stator-rotor short-pitch coil motor.

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