A sand mold 3D printer for casting

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of sand mold manufacturing for casting, and particularly relates to a sand mold 3D printer for casting, which comprises a shell, a rack arranged in the shell, a glue spraying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a material laying mechanism and a recycling mechanism arranged on the rack and located in the shell, a passage opening formed in one side of the shell, a track base penetrating through the passage opening arranged in the shell, and a containing mechanism slidingly installed on the track base. The sand material is first put into the material tank, then falls into the hopper one, and is uniformly spread by rotating the auger driven by the motor one. Then, the material roller is rotated by the motor two, so that the sand material is uniformly distributed in the containing groove in the form of strips and is stacked and contained in the hopper two, the sand material is pre-uniformized, the problems of uneven feeding and inconsistent strip distribution in the traditional equipment are avoided, the foundation for subsequent uniform sand laying is laid, and the uniformity of feeding and sand laying is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sand mold manufacturing technology for casting, and more particularly to a 3D printer for sand molds for casting. Background Technology

[0002] In the foundry industry, sand mold making is one of the core processes. With the development of additive manufacturing technology, sand mold 3D printing technology is gradually replacing traditional mold making processes, especially suitable for the rapid prototyping of complex structures and single-piece or small-batch castings. Existing sand mold 3D printers typically use a layer-by-layer molding process involving sand spreading and selectively spraying binder. The basic workflow includes: the sand spreader moves above the working area, the sand dropping mechanism feeds material to the sand spreading device below, the sand is evenly distributed by rotation or vibration, and then a thin layer of sand is laid on the forming platform by a leveling mechanism; subsequently, the spraying mechanism selectively sprays binder according to the cross-sectional shape, causing the sand layer to solidify; the above sand spreading and spraying process is repeated until the entire sand mold is completed.

[0003] However, in practical applications, existing equipment still has the following shortcomings: First, the sand transport path during the feeding and sand spreading process is relatively long, and the sand is prone to uneven accumulation or inconsistent strip distribution, affecting the uniformity of single-layer thickness; Second, after sand spreading is completed, sand often remains adhering to the surface of the leveling element. If it is not cleaned in time, the residual sand will mix into the next layer, causing local defects; Third, during continuous sand spreading, as the number of forming layers increases, the distance between the forming platform and the leveling element needs to be precisely adjusted, but existing equipment mostly adopts a fixed leveling method or simple lifting control, which makes it difficult to ensure that the thickness of each layer remains consistent; Fourth, the coordination between the adhesive curing and sand spreading actions is insufficient, making it difficult to balance forming efficiency and sand mold accuracy. Therefore, a sand mold 3D printer for casting is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a sand mold 3D printer for casting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sand mold 3D printer for casting, comprising a housing, a frame provided inside the housing, a glue spraying mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a material spreading mechanism and a recycling mechanism located inside the housing, a channel opening on one side of the housing, a track base passing through the channel opening inside the housing, and a holding mechanism slidably installed on the track base; The glue spraying mechanism includes a mounting frame that is mounted on the frame and can move along two axes. A spray head is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame. The feeding mechanism includes a frame fixed on the frame. A hopper is fixedly installed inside the frame. An auger is rotatably installed inside the hopper. A material tank is fixedly installed on the top of the hopper. The material spreading mechanism includes a frame two that is slidably mounted on a frame, a hopper two that is fixedly mounted on the frame two, and a conveyor belt that is rotatably mounted below the hopper two. The holding mechanism includes a box that is slidably mounted on a track base, and a carrier plate that is lifted and lowered inside the box.

[0006] Preferably, a material roller is rotatably mounted on the frame, the material roller is located directly below the bottom outlet of the hopper, and the material roller is slidably connected to the edge of the bottom opening of the hopper. The side of the material roller has multiple receiving slots arranged in a circumferential array. A second motor for driving the material roller to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a first motor for driving the auger to rotate is also fixedly mounted on the frame. The material tank penetrates the top of the shell.

[0007] Preferably, two drive rollers are rotatably mounted on the frame two, the conveyor belt is sleeved on the two drive rollers, a baffle that is slidably connected to the conveyor belt is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper two near the glue spraying mechanism, a material feeding port is formed between the bottom edge of the hopper two away from the glue spraying mechanism and the conveyor belt, and a motor three that drives one of the drive rollers to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame two.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting frame is fixedly installed on the side of the second frame near the glue spraying mechanism, and a scraper is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame, with the bottom of the scraper being lower than the conveyor belt.

[0009] Preferably, the recycling mechanism includes a frame three fixedly installed on a frame, a collection hopper fixedly installed on the frame three, a cleaning brush roller rotatably installed on the collection hopper, and a motor four fixedly installed on the frame three to drive the cleaning brush roller to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, a horizontally arranged linear module one is fixedly installed on the frame, and the frame two is fixedly connected to the slider on the linear module one.

[0011] Preferably, the glue spraying mechanism is fixedly installed on the linear module two at the top of the frame, and a linear module three is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module two. The linear module two and the linear module three are arranged vertically, and the mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module three.

[0012] Preferably, the glue spraying mechanism includes a mounting base fixedly connected to the frame, and a dual-axis cylinder is fixedly mounted through the mounting base. The number of dual-axis cylinders is at least two, and a cleaning plate adapted to the spray head is fixedly mounted on the piston rod end of the dual-axis cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, linear modules four are fixedly installed on both sides of the box body. Slotted holes are opened on both sides of the box body. Horizontal plates are slidably installed through each of the four slotted holes. The four horizontal plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate, and the four horizontal plates are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders on the corresponding linear modules four.

[0014] Preferably, a linear module five is fixedly installed on the frame, and a flat plate located above the hopper two is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module five.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention first feeds sand into a hopper, then it falls into hopper one. A motor one drives an auger to rotate, spreading the sand evenly. Subsequently, a motor two drives a distribution roller to rotate, causing the sand to form a uniform strip distribution in the receiving trough and fall into hopper two for stacking. This achieves pre-homogenization of the sand, avoiding the problems of uneven feeding and inconsistent strip distribution in traditional equipment. It lays the foundation for subsequent uniform sand spreading and significantly improves the uniformity of feeding and spreading.

[0016] In this invention, after the linear module one drives the material spreading mechanism to move past the holding mechanism, the motor three drives the transmission roller and the conveyor belt to rotate, conveying the sand material in the hopper two through the material dispensing port and onto the top of the carrier plate. With the movement of the material spreading mechanism and the scraping action of the scraper, the sand material is spread into a thin layer on the top of the carrier plate. At the same time, the two linear modules four control the distance between the carrier plate and the scraper to ensure that the distance between the scraper and the top layer of sand material is consistent. This dynamic distance control mechanism can be adjusted in real time as the number of printing layers increases, ensuring that the thickness of each layer is stable, thereby achieving high-precision sand spreading and excellent layer thickness consistency.

[0017] After the sand is laid, the linear module 1 moves the material laying mechanism to the top of the frame 3. The cleaning brush roller is driven by motor 4 to clean the scraper. The cleaned sand falls into the collection hopper and is collected and discharged. This automatic cleaning effectively prevents residual sand from mixing into subsequent printing layers, avoids interlayer contamination, reduces internal defects in the sand mold, and significantly improves the quality of the finished product.

[0018] This invention enables the motor four to move in multiple directions above the carrier plate through the cooperation of linear module two and linear module three. The nozzle sprays glue precisely onto the laid sand layer and cures it. The sand laying and glue spraying and curing actions are closely connected. Combined with the continuous layer-by-layer printing strategy, it achieves efficient coordination between the sand laying and curing processes, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the molding process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 2This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 4 This invention presents a partial structural side section of a sand mold 3D printer for casting. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This invention presents a partial structural side section of a sand mold 3D printer for casting. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side sectional view of the feeding mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material placement mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of the material laying mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the recycling mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a side sectional view of the holding mechanism in a sand mold 3D printer for casting proposed in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Channel opening; 2. Frame; 3. Glue spraying mechanism; 4. Feeding mechanism; 5. Material spreading mechanism; 6. Recycling mechanism; 7. Track base; 8. Container mechanism; 9. Linear module one; 10. Linear module five; 101. Flat plate; 31. Linear module two; 32. Linear module three; 33. Mounting bracket; 34. Nozzle; 35. Mounting base; 36. Dual-axis cylinder; 37. Cleaning plate; 41. Frame 1; 42. Hopper 1; 43. Material tank; 44. Motor 1; 45. Motor 2; 46. Screwdriver; 47. Fabric roller; 471. Receiving trough; 51. Frame 2; 52. Hopper 2; 53. Drive roller; 54. Conveyor belt; 55. Baffle; 56. Material feeding port; 57. Motor 3; 58. Connecting frame; 59. Scraper; 61. Frame 3; 62. Collection hopper; 63. Cleaning brush roller; 64. Motor 4; 81. Box body; 811. Strip hole; 82. Carrier plate; 83. Linear module four; 84. Horizontal plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a sand mold 3D printer for casting, including a housing 1, a frame 2 inside the housing 1, a glue spraying mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a material spreading mechanism 5 and a recycling mechanism 6 located inside the housing 1, a channel opening 11 on one side of the housing 1, a track base 7 passing through the channel opening 11 inside the housing 1, and a holding mechanism 8 slidably installed on the track base 7; The glue spraying mechanism 3 includes a mounting frame 33 that is mounted on the frame 2 and can move along two axes. A nozzle 34 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 33. The feeding mechanism 4 includes a frame 41 fixed on the frame 2. A hopper 42 is fixedly installed inside the frame 41. An auger 46 is rotatably installed inside the hopper 42. A material tank 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the hopper 42. The material spreading mechanism 5 includes a frame 51 that is slidably mounted on the frame 2, a hopper 52 that is fixedly mounted on the frame 51, and a conveyor belt 54 that is rotatably mounted below the hopper 52. The holding mechanism 8 includes a box 81 that is slidably mounted on the track base 7, and a carrier plate 82 that is lifted and installed inside the box 81.

[0023] A material roller 47 is rotatably mounted on frame 41. The material roller 47 is located directly below the bottom outlet of hopper 42 and is slidably connected to the edge of the bottom opening of hopper 42. Multiple receiving slots 471 arranged in a circumferential array are opened on the side of the material roller 47. A second motor 45 for driving the material roller 47 to rotate is fixedly mounted on frame 41. A first motor 44 for driving the auger 46 to rotate is also fixedly mounted on frame 41. The material tank 43 penetrates the top of the housing 1.

[0024] Two drive rollers 53 are rotatably mounted on frame 2 51. A conveyor belt 54 is sleeved on the two drive rollers 53. A baffle 55 with its bottom slidably connected to the conveyor belt 54 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of hopper 2 52 near the glue spraying mechanism 3. A material feeding port 56 is formed between the bottom edge of hopper 2 52 away from the glue spraying mechanism 3 and the conveyor belt 54. A motor 3 57 that drives one of the drive rollers 53 to rotate is fixedly mounted on frame 2 51.

[0025] A connecting frame 58 is fixedly installed on the side of frame 2 51 near the glue spraying mechanism 3. A scraper 59 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 58, and the bottom of the scraper 59 is lower than the conveyor belt 54.

[0026] The recycling mechanism 6 includes a frame 61 fixedly mounted on the frame 2, a collection hopper 62 fixedly mounted on the frame 61, a cleaning brush roller 63 rotatably mounted on the collection hopper 62, and a motor 64 fixedly mounted on the frame 61 to drive the cleaning brush roller 63 to rotate.

[0027] A horizontally arranged linear module 9 is fixedly installed on the frame 2, and the frame 2 51 is fixedly connected to the slider on the linear module 9.

[0028] The glue spraying mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the linear module 2 31 at the top of the frame 2. The linear module 32 is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module 2 31. The linear module 2 31 and the linear module 32 are arranged vertically. The mounting bracket 33 is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module 32.

[0029] The glue spraying mechanism 3 includes a mounting base 35 fixedly connected to the frame 2. A dual-axis cylinder 36 is fixedly mounted through the mounting base 35. There are at least two dual-axis cylinders 36. A cleaning plate 37 adapted to the spray nozzle 34 is fixedly mounted on the piston rod end of the dual-axis cylinder 36.

[0030] Linear module four 83 is fixedly installed on both sides of the housing 81. Slot holes 811 are opened on both sides of the housing 81. Horizontal plates 84 are slidably installed through each of the four slot holes 811. The four horizontal plates 84 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate 82, and the four horizontal plates 84 are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders on the corresponding linear module four 83.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, when laying sand on top of the carrier plate 82, the carrier plate 82 is first placed at the highest point. Then, when each layer of sand is laid, the two linear modules 83 drive the carrier plate 82 to move down a height equal to the thickness of the sand layer.

[0032] A linear module 510 is fixedly installed on the frame 2, and a flat plate 101 located above the hopper 252 is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module 510.

[0033] Furthermore, by driving the flat plate 101 to move back and forth through the linear module 510, the top of the sand material accumulated in the hopper 2 52 can be scraped, so that the sand material is evenly accumulated in the hopper 2 52, avoiding the accumulated sand material being higher than the top of the hopper 2 52, and preventing the sand material in the hopper 2 52 from leaking out from the top during the movement of the linear module 19.

[0034] In this embodiment: When printing, the holding mechanism 8 is first moved into the housing 1 and placed at the center of the frame 2. Then, the sand is put into the feeding tank 43. The sand in the feeding tank 43 falls into the first hopper 42. The first motor 44 drives the auger 46 to rotate, so that the sand is spread in the first hopper 42. Then, the second motor 45 drives the cloth roller 47 to rotate. During the rotation of the cloth roller 47, the sand in the first hopper 42 falls into the receiving groove 471 on the side of the cloth roller 47 and is evenly distributed in strips. As the cloth roller 47 rotates, the evenly distributed strips of sand in the receiving groove 471 fall into the second hopper 52. The strips of sand are stacked and stored in the second hopper 52. Then, the linear module 9 drives the entire material spreading mechanism 5 to move along the QZ axis and pass over the holding mechanism 8. Then, the motor 3 57 is started to drive the corresponding transmission roller 53 to rotate. The transmission roller 53 drives the conveyor belt 54 to rotate. The conveyor belt 54 rotates and conveys the sand in the hopper 2 52 through the material spreading port 56. The sand conveyed from the material spreading port 56 will fall on the top of the carrier plate 82 in the holding mechanism 8. In this process, the material spreading mechanism 5 moves along the ZQ axis. The sand discharged from the material spreading port 56 is evenly spread on the top of the carrier plate 82. And through the scraping of the scraper 59, the sand is spread into a thin layer on the top of the carrier plate 82. Then, the linear module 9 drives the material spreading mechanism 5 to move to its original position and above the frame 61. Then, the cleaning brush roller 63 is driven by the motor 64 to rotate and clean the scraper 59. The cleaned sand will fall into the collection hopper 62 for collection and discharge. Subsequently, through the cooperation of linear module 2 31 and linear module 3 32, motor 4 64 moves in multiple directions above carrier plate 82. The glue sprayed from nozzle 34 falls onto the sand layer laid on carrier plate 82, which will then solidify the corresponding sand layer.

[0035] By continuously laying sand layers on the top of the carrier plate 82 using the material laying mechanism 5, and spraying glue through the nozzle 34 to cure the corresponding parts of the sand layer, and controlling the distance between the carrier plate 82 and the scraper 59 through two linear modules 83 to ensure that the distance between the scraper 59 and the topmost sand layer on the bottom of the carrier plate 82 is consistent, the glue can cure each layer of sand into the corresponding target shape sand mold. Then, the holding mechanism 8 is conveyed out from the housing 1 through the channel 11 through the track base 7. After that, the cured sand mold on the carrier plate 82 is taken out, while the remaining sand covering the sand mold is still in a loose state, which can be recycled later.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand mold 3D printer for casting, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a frame (2), and the frame (2) is provided with a glue spraying mechanism (3), a feeding mechanism (4), a material spreading mechanism (5) and a recycling mechanism (6) located inside the housing (1). A channel opening (11) is provided on one side of the housing (1), and a track base (7) is provided inside the housing (1) through the channel opening (11). A holding mechanism (8) is slidably installed on the track base (7). The glue spraying mechanism (3) includes a mounting frame (33) mounted on the frame (2) and movable on two axes. A nozzle (34) is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame (33). The feeding mechanism (4) includes a frame (41) fixed on the frame (2). A hopper (42) is fixedly installed inside the frame (41). An auger (46) is rotatably installed inside the hopper (42). A material tank (43) is fixedly installed on the top of the hopper (42). The material spreading mechanism (5) includes a frame two (51) that is slidably mounted on the frame (2), a hopper two (52) that is fixedly mounted on the frame two (51), and a conveyor belt (54) that is rotatably mounted below the hopper two (52). The holding mechanism (8) includes a box (81) that is slidably mounted on the track base (7), and a carrier plate (82) that is lifted and installed inside the box (81). A fabric roller (47) is rotatably mounted on the frame (41). The fabric roller (47) is located directly below the bottom outlet of the hopper (42) and is slidably connected to the edge of the bottom opening of the hopper (42). The fabric roller (47) has multiple receiving slots (471) arranged in a circular array on its side. A motor (45) for driving the fabric roller (47) to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame (41). A motor (44) for driving the auger (46) to rotate is also fixedly mounted on the frame (41). The material tank (43) penetrates the top of the shell (1).

2. The sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two drive rollers (53) are rotatably mounted on the frame two (51). The conveyor belt (54) is sleeved on the two drive rollers (53). A baffle (55) with its bottom slidably connected to the conveyor belt (54) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hopper two (52) near the glue spraying mechanism (3). A material feeding port (56) is formed between the bottom edge of the hopper two (52) away from the glue spraying mechanism (3) and the conveyor belt (54). A motor three (57) that drives one of the drive rollers (53) to rotate is fixedly mounted on the frame two (51).

3. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting frame (58) is fixedly installed on the side of the frame 2 (51) near the glue spraying mechanism (3). A scraper (59) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame (58), and the bottom of the scraper (59) is lower than the conveyor belt (54).

4. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling mechanism (6) includes a frame three (61) fixedly installed on the frame (2), a collection hopper (62) fixedly installed on the frame three (61), a cleaning brush roller (63) rotatably installed on the collection hopper (62), and a motor four (64) for driving the cleaning brush roller (63) to rotate fixedly installed on the frame three (61).

5. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontally arranged linear module one (9) is fixedly installed on the frame (2), and the frame two (51) is fixedly connected to the slider on the linear module one (9).

6. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glue spraying mechanism (3) is fixedly installed on the linear module two (31) at the top of the frame (2). The linear module three (32) is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module two (31). The linear module two (31) and the linear module three (32) are arranged vertically. The mounting bracket (33) is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module three (32).

7. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glue spraying mechanism (3) includes a mounting base (35) fixedly connected to the frame (2). A dual-axis cylinder (36) is fixedly installed through the mounting base (35). The number of dual-axis cylinders (36) is at least two. A cleaning plate (37) adapted to the nozzle (34) is fixedly installed at the piston rod end of the dual-axis cylinder (36).

8. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Linear module four (83) is fixedly installed on both sides of the box (81). Slot holes (811) are opened on both sides of the box (81). Horizontal plates (84) are slidably installed through each of the four slot holes (811). The four horizontal plates (84) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the carrier plate (82), and the four horizontal plates (84) are fixedly connected to the sliders on the corresponding linear module four (83).

9. A sand mold 3D printer for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear module five (10) is fixedly installed on the frame (2), and a flat plate (101) located above the hopper two (52) is fixedly installed on the slider of the linear module five (10).

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