A method and system for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose of ultraviolet prevention and treatment equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural intelligent equipment, and discloses a method and system for in-situ calibration of leaf dose of ultraviolet prevention and treatment equipment, which comprises the following steps: obtaining digital images of the leaf dose simulation unit arranged in the crop canopy before and after ultraviolet irradiation operation; calculating the absolute color difference value of the characteristic region, and calculating the actual irradiation dose value of the corresponding spatial node through non-linear mapping and transmittance compensation; comparing the actual irradiation dose value with the target dose threshold parameter group, and generating a dose deviation atlas containing a dose deviation attribute label by using a three-dimensional interpolation algorithm; generating equipment update parameter instructions according to the atlas distribution characteristics, and controlling the equipment to adjust the walking speed, lamp group emission power, spatial inclination angle or perform re-irradiation. The present application overcomes the dose deviation caused by relying on theoretical calculation, realizes in-situ closed-loop calibration of the actual irradiation dose of complex canopy, and improves the safety and effectiveness of ultraviolet disease prevention and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural intelligent equipment technology, specifically to a method and system for in-situ calibration of leaf dose in ultraviolet radiation control equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the use of ultraviolet (UV) light for physical control of fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and gray mold in crops has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as no chemical residues, suitability for facility agriculture, and compatibility with field environments. Existing UV disease control equipment typically uses a mobile platform carrying a light source array to operate around the crop canopy. The theoretical radiation dose is calculated based on basic parameters such as equipment output power, single irradiation time, travel speed, and effective irradiation width, and then used as the basis for executing UV irradiation operations.

[0003] However, in actual operating environments, crop canopies are complex three-dimensional structures composed of numerous leaves of varying heights, spatial angles, and degrees of overlap. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has weak penetrating power and primarily propagates in straight lines, making it highly susceptible to physical shading by leaves and canopy closure. Current technologies often use the output dose from the equipment as a substitute for the target received dose, neglecting practical factors such as the angle of incidence and spatial distribution variations, thus failing to accurately characterize the actual UV reception of leaves. This control method, relying solely on theoretical calculation models, is prone to dose assessment bias, leading to a significant divergence in the actual radiation received by surface leaves and deeply shaded leaves. In crop populations with complex canopy structures, such as tomatoes and cucumbers, it is common to see sufficient radiation on surface leaves, while severely insufficient radiation is observed in overlapping areas such as the undersides of leaves, the lower and middle parts of the canopy, and near the fruit stalks, resulting in unstable overall disease control effects.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issue of localized under-dose, existing conventional adjustment methods tend to directly increase the overall lamp power, extend the single irradiation time, or reduce the overall travel speed. This indiscriminate global parameter enhancement approach easily causes surface crop leaves to exceed the anti-scorching threshold, resulting in light damage, while the inner, shaded areas still struggle to obtain the minimum effective bactericidal dose. Current technology lacks a closed-loop calibration mechanism that can obtain in-situ measured leaf dose based on the actual structure of the crop canopy and accurately correct the light source power, spatial tilt angle, and re-irradiation strategy for specific spatial nodes based on the spatial dose deviation distribution. Therefore, accurately verifying the actual received dose on the leaves and safely and effectively adjusting the operating parameters of the equipment accordingly has become a technical bottleneck in improving the stability and safety of ultraviolet physical pest control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for in-situ calibration of leaf dose for ultraviolet (UV) pest control equipment. This solves the problem that UV pest control equipment is unable to accurately calculate the actual irradiation dose on the leaves and perform dynamic closed-loop control under complex crop canopy obstruction, which can easily lead to internal sterilization failure or leaf burn.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose in ultraviolet (UV) radiation control equipment, comprising the following steps: Acquire a first digital image generated by the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit before ultraviolet irradiation operation, and a second digital image generated after the operation is completed and the leaf is removed from the crop canopy. The leaf-inspired dosage calibration unit is deployed in the crop canopy during ultraviolet irradiation operations; Extract the feature regions from the first and second digital images, and calculate the absolute color difference before and after the operation; The absolute color difference value is nonlinearly mapped based on the pre-stored dose response calibration relationship, and the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node is calculated by combining the ultraviolet transmittance value of the leaf-simulated dose calibration unit surface. The actual irradiation dose to the leaf surface is compared with a pre-set set of target dose threshold parameters to generate a dose deviation map containing spatial coordinates and dose deviation attribute labels. Based on the distribution characteristics of attribute labels in the dose deviation spectrum, equipment update parameter instructions are generated to control the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment to perform corresponding operating parameter adjustment operations.

[0007] In a specific innovative implementation of this invention, the leaf-inspired dosage calibration unit employs a multi-layered composite structure, including a flexible substrate layer, an ultraviolet dosage response layer containing irreversible photochromic microcapsule material, and a light intensity attenuation layer covering its surface. The light intensity attenuation layer is composed of UV-C transmitting material or a neutral attenuation structure, possessing a fixed ultraviolet transmittance value for ultraviolet light with a center wavelength of 250nm-280nm, and this transmittance value is pre-calibrated using a standard ultraviolet radiometer. This structural design enables the calibration unit to simulate the light-receiving state of real crop leaves and expand the monitoring range of ultraviolet dosage.

[0008] Regarding the image acquisition mechanism, this invention sets strict light-protected repair reading constraints. The acquisition of both the first and second digital images is performed within a closed reading space with physical light shielding, and a fixed-compensation light source is used to provide constant illumination within this space. The second digital image is acquired within a time window of no more than twenty minutes, starting from the end of a single predetermined ultraviolet irradiation operation, after the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit has been removed from the crop canopy. This independent light-shielding reading mode prevents the light source from leaking into the crop canopy, eliminates interference from external ambient light fluctuations on the read colors, and physically cuts off the activation pathway of pathogen photoreactivation enzymes.

[0009] In the data processing and dose inversion stage, the system extracts the first three-channel color values ​​of the standard color reference block in the first digital image, establishes a linear mapping matrix with the reference three-channel color values, performs illumination normalization correction and nonlinear transformation to the CIELAB color space on the image, and then obtains the absolute color difference value by calculating the spatial Euclidean distance. Subsequently, the system retrieves the preset maximum saturation color difference value and the preset reaction rate constant value, calculates the natural logarithm of the algebraic complement of the ratio of the absolute color difference value to the maximum saturation color difference value, combines the negative number of the reaction rate constant to output the transmitted ultraviolet dose value, and multiplies it by the reciprocal of the ultraviolet transmittance value to complete the nonlinear calculation of the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface.

[0010] In terms of the closed-loop control strategy, the system introduces a target treatment dose value, a maximum anti-burn threshold dose value, and a minimum effective bactericidal dose value to construct a target dose threshold parameter set. Absolute dose deviation values ​​are generated through difference calculations, and overdose or underdose distribution node attribute labels are attached to the corresponding spatial location nodes. A three-dimensional inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm is used to process known grid cells, generating a globally covering three-dimensional dose deviation map. Based on the map distribution characteristics, the system performs multi-dimensional operating parameter adjustments. When the proportion of grid cells in the attribute labels of underdose or overdose distribution nodes exceeds the homogenization threshold, the system performs global speed control, adjusting the second walking speed of the walking mechanism based on the ratio of the global average actual irradiated dose to the target treatment dose. When the spectrum shows spatial heterogeneity characteristics of overdose in the upper canopy and underdose in the inner canopy and leaf underside regions, the system blocks the walking speed adjustment path and performs spatial light source decoupling control. The system reduces the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamp group by calculating the top power attenuation step size, increases the emission power of the side ultraviolet lamp group by combining the side scattering weight coefficient, and performs three-dimensional vector geometric calculations based on the three-dimensional coordinate set of underdose nodes to adjust the spatial tilt angle of the side ultraviolet lamp group. When there are severely shaded areas where the actual radiation dose to the leaves is less than the minimum effective dose for bactericidal action, and when it is determined that adjusting the global parameters would cause the cumulative radiation dose to the surface crop leaves to exceed the maximum anti-scalding threshold, the system triggers a local supplementary irradiation strategy. Under this strategy, the system shuts down or reduces the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamps and turns on or adjusts the emission power of the side ultraviolet lamps. The system calculates the additional radiation dose based on the side light sources, and under the safety constraint that the sum of the current actual radiation dose and the additional radiation dose is less than or equal to the maximum anti-scalding threshold, it calculates the supplementary irradiation travel speed according to the target supplementary irradiation dose requirement, driving the equipment to independently perform safe targeted local supplementary irradiation operations.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides an in-situ calibration system for leaf surface dose in ultraviolet radiation control equipment, comprising: The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal includes a fixed compensation light source and an image sensor, used to acquire a first digital image generated by the leaf-simulated dose calibration unit before ultraviolet irradiation operation, and a second digital image generated after the operation is completed and the leaf-simulated dose calibration unit is removed from the crop canopy; the leaf-simulated dose calibration unit is deployed in the crop canopy during ultraviolet irradiation operation.

[0012] The core processing and closed-loop control system includes: The dose inversion module is used to extract feature regions from the first digital image and the second digital image, calculate the absolute color difference value before and after the operation, perform nonlinear mapping on the absolute color difference value according to the pre-stored dose response calibration relationship, and combine the ultraviolet transmittance value on the surface of the leaf-like dose calibration unit to calculate the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node. The deviation calculation module compares the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface with the pre-set target dose threshold parameter set to generate a dose deviation map containing spatial coordinates and dose deviation attribute labels; the parameter correction and decision module generates equipment update parameter instructions based on the attribute label distribution characteristics in the dose deviation map.

[0013] The ultraviolet (UV) radiation disease prevention and control operation platform includes a walking mechanism, a top UV lamp group, and a side UV lamp group. It is used to receive equipment update parameter commands and drive the walking mechanism, the top UV lamp group, and the side UV lamp group to perform corresponding operating parameter adjustment operations.

[0014] This invention provides a method and system for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose in ultraviolet (UV) radiation control equipment. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, by deploying leaf-like dose calibration units containing photochromic microcapsule materials in the crop canopy, and combining in-situ image acquisition with illumination normalization correction, uses a nonlinear mapping from absolute color difference to natural logarithm to calculate the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at spatial nodes. This overcomes the limitations of existing technologies that rely solely on lamp output power and travel speed to estimate theoretical dose, improves the accuracy of in-situ dose assessment, and provides a data basis for equipment parameter calibration under different crop structures and operating conditions.

[0015] 2. This invention compares the calculated discrete node dose values ​​with the target dose threshold parameter set, adds underdose or overdose attribute labels to each spatial node, and performs a three-dimensional spatial inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm based on adjacent known grid cells to generate a continuous dose deviation map. This can quantitatively identify and map dose distribution anomalies on the back of leaves, inside the canopy, and in areas with localized severe shading, providing three-dimensional coordinate basis for subsequent spatial differential control and localized precise supplementary illumination.

[0016] 3. Based on the distribution characteristics of attribute tags in the dose deviation spectrum, this invention classifies and generates multi-level equipment update parameter instructions, controls the ultraviolet disease control operation platform to adjust the global walking speed, differentially adjust the power of the top and side lamp groups, and deflect the spatial tilt angle, or perform local supplementary irradiation under the premise of meeting the safety constraints of the cumulative dose on the surface. This realizes multi-dimensional correction of operation parameters based on measured deviations, effectively avoids the risk of excessive burning of the surface leaves caused by simply increasing the overall output power, and ensures the safety and effectiveness of disease control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall underdose or overdose single-dimensional control logic of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the actual radiation dose distribution in different canopy regions according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See attached document Figure 2This invention provides an in-situ calibration system for leaf surface dose of ultraviolet (UV) disease control equipment, which may include: a UV disease control operation platform, an in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal, and a core processing and closed-loop control system.

[0020] The ultraviolet (UV) disease control operation platform includes a walking mechanism, a top UV lamp assembly, side UV lamp assemblies, a height adjustment mechanism, and an angle adjustment mechanism. The walking mechanism is configured to drive the entire UV disease control operation platform to move between crop rows.

[0021] The top ultraviolet lamp assembly is connected to the top bracket of the walking mechanism via a height adjustment mechanism. The height adjustment mechanism includes a linear displacement drive configured to receive a control signal to adjust the vertical height of the top ultraviolet lamp assembly from the ground.

[0022] The lateral ultraviolet lamp assembly is connected to the side bracket of the traveling mechanism via an angle adjustment mechanism. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotary drive configured to receive a control signal to adjust the spatial tilt angle at which the lateral ultraviolet lamp assembly emits ultraviolet light.

[0023] The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal includes a fixed-compensation light source and an image sensor. The fixed-compensation light source is configured to provide white light illumination with constant illuminance.

[0024] An image sensor is configured to acquire digital images of the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit under illumination conditions provided by a fixed compensated light source. The digital images include a first digital image acquired before the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit is deployed onto the crop canopy, and a second digital image acquired after the ultraviolet irradiation operation is completed and the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit is removed from the crop canopy. An in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal establishes a data connection with the core processing and closed-loop control system via a data cable, used to transmit the first and second digital images to the core processing and closed-loop control system.

[0025] The core processing and closed-loop control system includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes the computer program configured in the memory to implement the control logic of the dose inversion module, the deviation calculation module, and the parameter correction and decision module.

[0026] The dose inversion module is configured to receive a first digital image and a second digital image sent by the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal. The dose inversion module extracts the first color coordinates from the first digital image and the second color coordinates from the second digital image. Based on the first and second color coordinates, the dose inversion module calculates the color difference value and, according to a pre-stored dose response calibration relationship, calculates the actual irradiated dose value.

[0027] The deviation calculation module is configured to receive the actual irradiated dose value output by the dose inversion module. The deviation calculation module performs a difference operation between the actual irradiated dose value and the pre-stored target dose value, and outputs a dose deviation map including overdose distribution nodes and underdose distribution nodes.

[0028] The parameter correction and decision-making module is configured to receive the dose deviation map output by the deviation calculation module. Based on this dose deviation map, the module generates equipment update parameter commands. These commands specifically include a speed control signal sent to the traveling mechanism, a first power control signal sent to the top ultraviolet lamp group, a second power control signal sent to the lateral ultraviolet lamp groups, a position control signal sent to the height adjustment mechanism, and a deflection angle control signal sent to the angle adjustment mechanism. The module transmits these control signals via the communication bus to the corresponding mechanisms and lamp groups on the ultraviolet disease prevention and control operation platform to perform adjustment operations.

[0029] The leaf-like dose calibration unit of the present invention includes a flexible base layer, an ultraviolet dose response layer disposed on the flexible base layer, a light intensity attenuation layer covering the surface of the ultraviolet dose response layer, and a marking area disposed on the surface of the flexible base layer.

[0030] The flexible substrate is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or silicone film. The thickness of the flexible substrate is set within the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. Within this thickness range, the gravity deformation curve of the PET film or silicone film in a suspended state is consistent with the gravity deformation curve of a specific live crop leaf, to simulate the physical morphology of a live leaf under light in space. The outer edge of the flexible substrate is trimmed into a biomimetic polygon with the same geometric contour as the target crop leaf.

[0031] The ultraviolet (UV) dose-responsive layer is fixed to the local central surface of a flexible substrate by coating or attachment. The UV dose-responsive layer contains photochromic microcapsule material. This photochromic microcapsule material is configured to undergo molecular isomerization upon absorption of UV radiation with a central wavelength of 250 nm-280 nm, resulting in a change in spectral absorption rate in the visible light band, macroscopically manifested as a change in physical color. The photochromic microcapsule material used in the UV dose-responsive layer is an irreversible color-changing material.

[0032] A light intensity attenuation layer is fixedly arranged above the ultraviolet dose response layer and completely covers the light-receiving surface of the ultraviolet dose response layer. The light intensity attenuation layer is constructed from a calibrated UV-C transmitting material or a neutral attenuation structure, specifically including any one or a combination of quartz sheets, UV transmitting films, microporous metal mesh, and polymer films with known transmittance. The transmittance of the light intensity attenuation layer for ultraviolet light in the 250nm-280nm wavelength range is fixed at a preset value, which is pre-calibrated using a standard UV-C radiometer. This light intensity attenuation layer is used to reduce the ultraviolet radiation flux penetrating to the surface of the ultraviolet dose response layer by a specific ratio, preventing premature color saturation of the ultraviolet dose response layer under continuous ultraviolet irradiation, thereby providing a wider cumulative radiation dose measurement range.

[0033] The marked area is on the same horizontal surface as the ultraviolet dose response layer and does not spatially overlap with the light intensity attenuation layer. The marked area is printed with position identification patterns, orientation identification patterns, and standard color reference blocks.

[0034] The position identification pattern uses a two-dimensional barcode or a matrix-style reference graphic. The position identification pattern internally encodes and records the three-dimensional spatial coordinates and device number of the leaf-like dose calibration unit. The orientation identification pattern is an asymmetrical geometric indicator mark set at the edge of the position identification pattern. The orientation identification pattern is used in the first and second digital images to represent the current top orientation vector and the normal vector direction of the illuminated surface of the leaf-like dose calibration unit.

[0035] The standard color reference block includes at least three known reference color blocks with fixed chromaticity coordinates. The standard color reference block is used to provide color white balance and illumination normalization correction data input based on fixed white point values ​​when generating the first and second digital images at the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal.

[0036] In a specific implementation environment, multiple individually numbered leaf-inspired dosage calibration units are configured to be fixed at different spatial locations within the crop canopy. The connection components used for fixing include flexible silicone cable ties, non-destructive mechanical clamps, and double-sided adhesive tape.

[0037] The first part, the leaf-inspired dose calibration unit, is attached to the central area of ​​the front side of the uppermost unfolded leaf in the crop canopy via double-sided adhesive film. It is used to monitor the direct radiation flux received from the top ultraviolet lamp assembly. The second part, the leaf-inspired dose calibration unit, is attached to the central area of ​​the back side of the uppermost unfolded leaf in the canopy via double-sided adhesive film. It is used to monitor the coverage status of spatially scattered ultraviolet radiation.

[0038] The third part, the leaf-inspired dosage calibration unit, is suspended and fixed to the branch junction of the main stem or fruit stalk inside the crop canopy using flexible silicone straps. This location is physically obstructed by the leaves above and around it, used to record the attenuation of ultraviolet radiation due to canopy closure. The fourth part, the leaf-inspired dosage calibration unit, is fixed to the frontal area of ​​the outermost leaves on the side of the crop canopy using non-destructive mechanical clamps. This location is perpendicular to the ultraviolet emission surface of the lateral ultraviolet lamp assembly, used to record the radiant flux in the lateral irradiation direction.

[0039] The dose inversion module in the core processing and closed-loop control system reads the first digital image transmitted from the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal. The dose inversion module executes an image recognition algorithm to identify the position recognition pattern and orientation recognition pattern in the first digital image, and thereby locates the pixel region boundary of the standard color reference block and the pixel region boundary of the ultraviolet dose response layer.

[0040] The dose inversion module extracts the first three-channel color values ​​within the pixel region of the standard color reference block. The core processing and closed-loop control system's memory pre-stores the reference three-channel color values ​​corresponding to this standard color reference block. The dose inversion module calculates a linear mapping matrix between the first three-channel color values ​​and the reference three-channel color values. The dose inversion module applies this linear mapping matrix to all pixels within the ultraviolet dose response layer pixel region, outputting an initial corrected pixel matrix after illumination normalization. This step is configured to eliminate image photosensitive layer deviations caused by ambient stray light during the acquisition of the first digital image.

[0041] The dose inversion module performs a color space transformation algorithm on the initial calibrated pixel matrix. Specifically, the transformation rule is to non-linearly map the RGB color space, which depends on the image sensor hardware characteristics, to the device-independent CIELAB color space, which conforms to visual uniformity. The dose inversion module calculates the arithmetic mean of each color channel of all pixels in the transformed region, generating a first color coordinate representing the physical color of the ultraviolet dose response layer in the first digital image. This first color coordinate is determined by the first brightness component. First red-green color component and the first yellow-blue hue component constitute.

[0042] After the ultraviolet irradiation operation is completed, the dose inversion module reads the second digital image transmitted from the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal. The dose inversion module repeats the aforementioned logical steps on the second digital image: feature region boundary localization, calculation of the linear mapping matrix, generation of the illumination-normalized pixel matrix, CIELAB color space nonlinear mapping, and calculation of the pixel channel average value. This operation ultimately outputs the second color coordinates representing the physical color of the ultraviolet dose response layer in the second digital image. These second color coordinates are determined by the second brightness component. Second red-green color component and the second yellow-blue component constitute.

[0043] The dose inversion module retrieves the first and second color coordinates from memory, executes the spatial Euclidean distance calculation instruction, and outputs the quantized absolute color difference value. The formula for calculating the absolute color difference value is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the absolute color difference of the ultraviolet dose-responsive layer before and after ultraviolet irradiation; this value is dimensionless. This indicates the value of the first brightness component; This represents the value of the first red-green color component; This represents the value of the first yellow-blue hue component; Indicates the second brightness component; This indicates the value of the second red-green color component; This represents the value of the second yellow-blue hue component.

[0044] The dose inversion module will include the device number of the leaf-like dose calibration unit and its corresponding... Numerical data packets are written to memory and used as input variables for subsequent nonlinear inversion models.

[0045] The core processing and closed-loop control system's memory is pre-configured with a dose response calibration relationship for the leaf-inspired dose calibration unit. This dose response calibration relationship is established based on the first-order reaction kinetics of photochromic microcapsule materials under ultraviolet photon excitation at a specific wavelength. The memory contains preset maximum saturation color difference values ​​and preset reaction rate constant values ​​for the leaf-inspired dose calibration unit corresponding to a specific production batch. These constant values ​​are obtained by applying a gradient-distributed known standard ultraviolet radiation dose to a group of comparative test samples from the same batch in a closed test chamber free from environmental stray light interference, and then applying a nonlinear least squares method to perform mathematical curve fitting on the color difference data fed back from the sample set before writing them into the memory.

[0046] The dose inversion module retrieves the absolute color difference value calculated and output by the previous steps from the memory, and also retrieves the corresponding preset maximum saturation color difference value and preset response rate constant value. Based on the retrieved numerical data, the dose inversion module executes a logarithmic transformation mathematical operation instruction to calculate the actual transmitted ultraviolet dose value received by the ultraviolet dose response layer surface inside the leaf-like dose calibration unit. The specific nonlinear inversion calculation formula for this process is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the transmitted ultraviolet dose received by the surface of the ultraviolet dose response layer, and its physical unit is joules per square meter (J / m²). 2 ); This represents the absolute color difference of the ultraviolet dose-responsive layer before and after ultraviolet irradiation; this value is dimensionless. This represents the preset maximum saturation color difference value configured in the memory. This value represents the mathematical extreme value of the color difference that can be achieved after the photochromic microcapsule material undergoes complete molecular isomerization. This represents the preset reaction rate constant value configured in the memory. This value characterizes the inherent chemical reaction rate physical quantity of the current photochromic microcapsule material when it continuously absorbs ultraviolet photons with a center wavelength of 250nm-280nm and undergoes a color-changing reaction. Representing irrational numbers The natural logarithm operator with base .

[0047] Based on the hierarchical physical structure of the aforementioned leaf-like dose calibration unit, the light intensity attenuation layer is fixedly positioned directly above the ultraviolet dose response layer. Therefore, the ultraviolet energy received by the ultraviolet dose response layer is the remaining radiant flux after being physically reduced by the light intensity attenuation layer. The dose inversion module reads the ultraviolet transmittance value of the light intensity attenuation layer fixed on the surface of the currently identified leaf-like dose calibration unit from the memory.

[0048] The dose inversion module executes a scalar division operation, multiplying the penetrating ultraviolet dose value by the reciprocal of the ultraviolet transmittance value, thereby reversibly recovering the physical incident radiation before it was reduced by the light intensity attenuation layer. This physical incident radiation represents the total ultraviolet energy input received by the entire outer surface of the leaf-simulated dose calibration unit. Since the leaf-simulated base layer is completely attached to or simulated to be suspended at a specific leaf position of the crop, this physical incident radiation is defined as the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node. The specific algebraic calculation formula for this operation is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node, with the physical unit being joules per square meter (J / m²). 2 ); This represents the transmitted ultraviolet dose value obtained by calculation using a nonlinear inversion formula; This represents the known ultraviolet transmittance of the light intensity attenuation layer material for ultraviolet rays with a center wavelength of 250nm-280nm. This variable is a dimensionless physical transmittance coefficient, and its numerical range is strictly limited to real numbers greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0049] The dose inversion module follows this logical step to traverse all leaf-simulated dose calibration unit number data packets recorded in the memory, calculates and generates a two-dimensional data table consisting of the device number and its corresponding actual irradiation dose value on the leaf surface, and transmits the two-dimensional data table to the deviation calculation module through the internal communication bus.

[0050] See attached document Figure 1 This invention also provides an in-situ calibration method for leaf dose in ultraviolet (UV) radiation control equipment. The method begins with an initial reading of the crop canopy environment. The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal sequentially performs the first round of image acquisition operations on multiple sets of leaf-simulating dose calibration units pre-deployed within the canopy, following a preset crop movement path. During the image acquisition operation, the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal forcibly activates a fixed compensation light source, outputting white light illumination at constant power, and blocks interference from external ambient light fluctuations on the image sensor's exposure parameters.

[0051] The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal transmits the first digital image dataset generated by the first round of image acquisition operations to the core processing and closed-loop control system via a data interface. The core processing and closed-loop control system parses the first digital image dataset, identifies the two-dimensional barcode or matrix-like reference pattern contained in each image, and extracts the corresponding leaf-like dose calibration unit device number and spatial layout location information. Simultaneously, the core processing and closed-loop control system extracts the initial physical color state of each calibration unit at that moment, generates an initial state correlation matrix containing the device number, spatial coordinates, and first color coordinates, and stores this initial state correlation matrix in its internal memory.

[0052] After completing the initial data reading, the UV disease control operation platform receives the initial control parameter vector command issued by the core processing and closed-loop control system. This initial control parameter vector command includes the initial walking speed value, the initial emission power value of the top UV lamp group, the initial emission power value of the side UV lamp groups, the initial vertical position coordinates of the height adjustment mechanism, and the initial deflection angle value of the angle adjustment mechanism. The various mechanical actuators and electrical components of the UV disease control operation platform respond to these parameter commands, completing resets and output adjustments. Subsequently, the walking mechanism moves along the crop planting direction at the initial walking speed, and each lamp group continuously outputs UV radiation with a center wavelength of 250nm-280nm until the irradiation operation of a single predetermined trajectory is completed.

[0053] Within a preset time window starting from the end of the aforementioned irradiation process, the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal performs a second round of image acquisition on the same batch of leaf-simulating dosage calibration units along the same crop travel path. The length threshold of this preset time window is configured to not exceed 20 minutes. The purpose of setting this fixed time window is to cut off the spontaneous thermal fading (dark decay) phenomenon and color value drift process of the photochromic microcapsule material inside the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit over time at nighttime ambient temperatures after it is removed from the ultraviolet irradiation source, thereby ensuring the physical authenticity of the acquired data.

[0054] The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal sends the second digital image dataset generated by the second round of image acquisition to the core processing and closed-loop control system. The core processing and closed-loop control system performs algebraic matching between the second color coordinates parsed from the second digital image dataset and the first color coordinates corresponding to the same device number in the memory. Following the aforementioned nonlinear inversion logic and optical transmission attenuation compensation logic, the dose inversion module of the core processing and closed-loop control system calculates and outputs the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface after the operation for each spatial node in the initial state correlation matrix. This set of values ​​constitutes a discrete data source characterizing the current three-dimensional spatial ultraviolet radiation energy distribution of the crop canopy.

[0055] The deviation calculation module within the core processing and closed-loop control system receives a set of three-dimensional discrete leaf surface actual radiation dose values ​​output by the dose inversion module. This data set contains the three-dimensional spatial coordinate parameters of each scanned leaf-simulated dose calibration unit and the corresponding actual leaf surface radiation dose values.

[0056] The deviation calculation module retrieves a pre-configured set of targeted dose threshold parameters from memory. This set of parameters is determined by the lethal susceptibility of specific crop pathogens and the physiological characteristics of ultraviolet tolerance in living leaves. The set of parameters includes the target treatment dose value, the maximum threshold dose value for preventing burns, and the minimum effective limit of fungicide dose value.

[0057] The deviation calculation module traverses the received discrete three-dimensional space node data and extracts the first... The actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at each node is calculated, and a scalar subtraction operation is performed between this value and the target treatment dose value to calculate and output the absolute dose deviation value for that spatial node. The corresponding algebraic calculation formula is defined as follows: ; In the formula, The first in the space The absolute dose deviation value of each discrete node is negative when the actual dose received is lower than the target value, and positive when it is higher. The first in the space The actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at each discrete node; This indicates the target treatment dose value configured in the memory.

[0058] After completing the absolute dose deviation calculation, the deviation calculation module executes the node status condition judgment logic instruction. The deviation calculation module will then... The actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at each node is compared with the highest threshold dose for burn prevention and the lowest effective limit dose for bactericidal action using relational operators.

[0059] when When the value is greater than the maximum burn prevention dose value configured in the memory, the deviation calculation module will... Each node is assigned an overdose distribution node attribute label. When When the value is less than the minimum effective dose value for sterilization configured in the memory, the deviation calculation module will... Each node is appended with an underdose distribution node attribute label. When When the value falls within the closed interval formed by the minimum effective bactericidal dose and the maximum threshold dose for burn prevention, the deviation calculation module will... Each node is assigned an effective dose distribution node attribute label.

[0060] After completing the attribute label attachment process, the deviation calculation module performs a three-dimensional spatial meshing mapping process. Using the physical boundaries of the crop canopy's length, width, and height as a reference, the deviation calculation module establishes a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system matrix with a fixed mesh step size. The module directly maps the data of each node, containing spatial coordinate parameters, absolute dose deviation values, and attribute labels, into the mesh cell with the closest physical distance to its spatial coordinates.

[0061] For blank grid cells where leaf-like dose calibration units are not deployed due to physical obstruction, the deviation calculation module executes a three-dimensional spatial inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm to calculate the predicted value based on the absolute dose deviation values ​​of adjacent known grid cells and fill it into the blank grid cell.

[0062] After mapping known nodes and filling blank nodes through interpolation, the deviation calculation module generates a structured multidimensional tensor data matrix in memory. This multidimensional tensor data matrix records the absolute dose deviation values ​​and state distribution classification results for each spatial location distributed with a fixed grid step size; this multidimensional tensor data matrix is ​​defined as the dose deviation map. This dose deviation map is sent to the parameter correction and decision module via the internal bus as an input variable for subsequent device control logic.

[0063] See attached document Figure 3The parameter correction and decision module receives the dose deviation map output by the deviation calculation module. The parameter correction and decision module reads the attribute labels attached to all grid cells containing valid data in the dose deviation map. The internal memory of the parameter correction and decision module is configured with a homogenization judgment threshold value, which is set to a decimal fraction between 0.6 and 0.9.

[0064] The parameter correction and decision module calculates the ratio of the number of grid cells with underdose distribution node attribute labels to the total number of effective grid cells. When this ratio is greater than the homogenization threshold, the parameter correction and decision module determines that the current system state conforms to the overall underdose distribution characteristics and triggers the overall underdose control command sequence. When the calculated ratio of the number of grid cells with overdose distribution node attribute labels to the total number of effective grid cells is greater than the homogenization threshold, the parameter correction and decision module determines that the current system state conforms to the overall overdose distribution characteristics and triggers the overall overdose control command sequence.

[0065] When the overall underdose control command sequence is triggered, the parameter correction and decision module extracts the actual leaf surface radiation dose values ​​recorded in all grid cells of the dose deviation map, performs an arithmetic mean calculation, and outputs the global average actual radiation dose value. The parameter correction and decision module retrieves the first travel speed value of the device's current operating state recorded in the memory and performs a linear proportional adjustment calculation to output the second travel speed value. The corresponding algebraic calculation formula is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the second walking speed value calculated and output by the parameter correction and decision module, and its physical unit is meters per second (m / s). This indicates the current travel speed of the equipment. This represents the calculated global average actual radiation dose. This indicates the target treatment dose value configured in the memory.

[0066] Under overall underdose conditions, due to The value is less than The formula outputs The numerical value is strictly less than algebraically. The parameter correction and decision module generates a speed control signal containing the second walking speed value, and sends it to the walking mechanism in the UV disease prevention and control operation platform via the communication bus. The drive component in the walking mechanism analyzes the speed control signal and adjusts its linear running speed accordingly.

[0067] During this command execution cycle, the parameter correction and decision-making module maintains the output values ​​of the first power control signal for the top ultraviolet lamp group, the second power control signal for the side ultraviolet lamp group, the position control signal for the height adjustment mechanism, and the deflection angle control signal for the angle adjustment mechanism unchanged. This control combination increases the absolute ultraviolet radiation energy received by each spatial node by increasing the physical exposure time of the crop canopy within the ultraviolet irradiation area, without altering the overall three-dimensional spatial ultraviolet radiation intensity distribution ratio emitted by the equipment.

[0068] When the overall overdose control command sequence is triggered, the parameter correction and decision-making module performs the same average value calculation and formula substitution logic. Under overall overdose conditions, due to... The value is greater than The formula outputs The numerical value is strictly greater than algebraically. The value.

[0069] The parameter correction and decision module sends a speed control signal containing the speed data exceeding the initial value to the traveling mechanism. The traveling mechanism then adjusts its linear running speed accordingly. This operation shortens the time the crop canopy spends in the ultraviolet-irradiated area, thereby reducing the cumulative radiation actually received by the crop leaves under constant spatial radiation intensity, bringing it back to the safe range defined by the highest anti-scalding dose value.

[0070] The parameter correction and decision module extracts the three-dimensional spatial coordinate parameters of each grid cell in the dose deviation map. Based on the vertical height coordinate axis values ​​in the three-dimensional spatial coordinate parameters, the module divides the grid cells into a data subset of the upper canopy region and a data subset of the inner canopy and leaf underside regions. The module then statistically analyzes the attribute label distribution within each data subset. When the proportion of grid cells with overdose distribution node attribute labels in the upper canopy region data subset exceeds a preset spatial threshold, and the proportion of grid cells with underdose distribution node attribute labels in the inner canopy and leaf underside regions data subsets also exceeds the same preset spatial threshold, the module determines that the current system state conforms to the characteristics of spatial radiation non-uniformity. In this state, the module blocks the output path of the walking speed adjustment command and triggers a multi-dimensional joint control logic command sequence.

[0071] The parameter correction and decision module extracts the actual radiation dose values ​​of all leaf surfaces from the data subset of the upper canopy region, performs an arithmetic mean calculation, and outputs the average radiation dose value at the top. The module then calculates the difference between this average radiation dose value and the target treatment dose value, converting the difference into a corresponding top power attenuation step size. Based on this power attenuation step size, the module performs an algebraic update calculation on the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamp group. The specific calculation formula is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the updated power value of the top ultraviolet lamp group calculated and output by the parameter correction and decision module, and its physical unit is watt (W). This indicates the initial emission power value of the top ultraviolet lamp group, which indicates the current operating status of the equipment. This represents the top power attenuation step size calculated proportionally from the absolute dose deviation value.

[0072] While calculating the updated power value of the top ultraviolet lamp group, the parameter correction and decision module simultaneously performs lateral power allocation calculations to enhance the penetrating radiation flux within the canopy. The parameter correction and decision module reads the lateral scattering weight coefficient corresponding to the current crop variety from memory. It then multiplies the lateral scattering weight coefficient by the top power attenuation step size and adds the product to the initial emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group. The specific calculation formula is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the updated power value of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group calculated and output by the parameter correction and decision module, and its physical unit is watt (W). This indicates the initial emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group, indicating the current operating status of the equipment. This represents the top power attenuation step size calculated proportionally from the absolute dose deviation value. This represents the lateral scattering weighting coefficient, a dimensionless constant determined based on the average leaf area index and canopy overlap of the target crop, with a value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2.0.

[0073] In addition to the energy redistribution in the electrical power dimension mentioned above, the parameter correction and decision module simultaneously performs radiation angle compensation calculations in the spatial geometry dimension. The parameter correction and decision module extracts the three-dimensional coordinate set of underdose distribution nodes from the data subset of the bore and blade back regions. The module then performs three-dimensional vector geometric operations to calculate the projection deflection angle value from the center of the lateral ultraviolet lamp's emitting surface to the physical center of the three-dimensional coordinate set of the underdose distribution nodes.

[0074] After completing the multidimensional parameter calculation, the parameter correction and decision module generates a result containing... The first power control signal of the value, including The system sends a second power control signal containing the numerical value of the projection deflection angle, and a deflection angle control signal. The parameter correction and decision module concurrently sends this set of instructions to the UV disease control operation execution platform via the communication bus. The top and side UV lamp groups of the UV disease control operation execution platform respond to the power control signal by changing their luminous intensity. Simultaneously, the rotation drive of the angle adjustment mechanism responds to the deflection angle control signal, driving the physical support of the side UV lamp group to rotate to the updated spatial tilt position. This combined action reduces the direct incident UV flux on the upper canopy leaf surface and increases the lateral scattered and direct UV flux entering the canopy gaps.

[0075] The parameter correction and decision module continuously monitors the discrete data distribution within the data subsets of the inner canopy and leaf underside regions. When the module determines that a specific grid cell within this subset contains a leaf surface radiation dose value that is strictly lower than the minimum effective bactericidal dose value, and determines that the calculated lateral power allocation operation or travel speed reduction operation will directly cause the leaf surface radiation dose value in the upper canopy region data subset to exceed the maximum anti-scalding threshold dose value, the module extracts the three-dimensional spatial coordinate parameters of the aforementioned specific grid cell. The module then marks the physical space range corresponding to these three-dimensional spatial coordinate parameters as a locally heavily shaded area in its memory.

[0076] For specific ridge sections marked as areas of severe local shading, the parameter correction and decision-making module blocks the output of power up-adjustment and speed down-adjustment control signals under a single linear motion trajectory, thereby cutting off the physical path for overexposure of surface crop leaves. The module extracts the actual leaf radiation dose values ​​obtained by each grid cell within the severely shaded area under a single UV irradiation operation. Then, the module calls the instruction set in memory to perform a local supplementary irradiation frequency compensation calculation, determining the number of cyclic discrete integer iterations required for targeted supplementary irradiation operations in the severely shaded area. The specific algebraic calculation formula for this process is defined as follows: ; In the formula, This represents the total number of targeted supplementary illumination cycles performed by the device on a specified crop ridge, calculated and output by the parameter correction and decision module. The result is a dimensionless positive integer. This indicates the target treatment dose value configured in the memory; This represents the actual radiation dose received by a specific grid cell within a heavily shaded area during a single ultraviolet irradiation operation. This represents the integer up operator, configured to map the result of the real number division within the parentheses to the nearest integer value in the positive infinity direction.

[0077] In situations where a severely shaded area contains multiple discrete grid cells, the parameter correction and decision module performs parallel calculations by substituting the actual leaf radiation dose value for each grid cell into the aforementioned formula. The module then extracts the maximum value from the set of all positive integer values ​​in the calculation output and sets it as the final supplementary irradiation cycle parameter for the current crop ridge. Finally, the module generates a local supplementary irradiation control command containing this final supplementary irradiation cycle parameter and sends it to the walking mechanism of the UV disease control operation platform via the internal communication bus.

[0078] The programmable logic controller (PLC) within the walking mechanism receives the local supplementary irradiation control command. To avoid overexposure of the surface leaves caused by traditional re-irradiation modes, this local supplementary irradiation control command is used to turn off or reduce the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamp group irradiating the surface crop leaves, and to turn on or adjust the emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group targeting the heavily shaded area. The parameter correction and decision module predicts the additional radiation dose to the surface crop leaves due to lateral scattering based on the current emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group. Under the safety constraint that the sum of the current actual radiation dose and the additional radiation dose to the surface crop leaves is less than or equal to the maximum anti-scalding threshold dose value, it calculates the supplementary irradiation walking speed in conjunction with the aforementioned final supplementary irradiation cycle parameters, and controls the ultraviolet disease control equipment to independently perform local supplementary irradiation on the heavily shaded area at this supplementary irradiation walking speed.

[0079] The above execution logic is configured as follows: under the premise of maintaining a constant distribution of lateral target spatial radiation intensity, by increasing the total exposure time in the physical space, the cumulative ultraviolet absorption energy of the deep leaf surface that is physically shielded is passively superimposed to the target treatment dose value; and the execution logic strictly takes the cumulative radiation dose of the surface crop leaves under this extended time as the safety constraint condition for system operation, which is that the cumulative radiation dose does not exceed the highest threshold dose value for anti-burn.

[0080] Specific application examples: This application example was implemented in a modern tomato greenhouse. The target was the physical control of tomato gray mold using ultraviolet light.

[0081] The preset target dose threshold parameter set in the memory of the core processing and closed-loop control system is as follows: Target treatment dose value ( Set to 150J / m 2 ; The maximum threshold dose for burn prevention is set at 250 J / m². 2 ; The minimum effective dose for sterilization is set at 80 J / m³. 2 .

[0082] After the ultraviolet disease control operation platform completes a single irradiation operation according to the initial parameters (walking speed 0.6m / s, initial power full load at the top and sides), the in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal acquires images of the No. 7 leaf-simulating dose calibration unit deployed in the inner canopy and leaf back area within a preset 15-minute time window.

[0083] After illumination normalization, the dose inversion module extracts the first color coordinates of this unit before the operation. The second color coordinates after the assignment are The system inputs the absolute color difference value calculation formula: ; The absolute color difference value was calculated. .

[0084] Subsequently, the system retrieves the preset maximum saturation color difference value of this batch of calibration units. and the preset reaction rate constant value Substitute into the nonlinear inversion calculation formula: ; The value of ultraviolet radiation transmitted was calculated. .

[0085] The system reads the ultraviolet transmittance value of the light intensity attenuation layer on the surface of calibration unit No. 7. Substitute into the transmittance compensation calculation formula: ; The actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location nodes in the inner canopy and the underside of the leaf was calculated. .

[0086] The deviation calculation module will calculate the above (60.7J / m) 2 The value is compared with the set threshold and determined to be less than the minimum effective bactericidal dose value (80 J / m³). 2 ), and attach underdose distribution node attribute labels to it.

[0087] Meanwhile, the system measured the actual radiation dose received by the leaves in the corresponding upper canopy area to be 235 J / m². 2 Approaching the highest threshold for burn protection (250 J / m²) 2 Directly reducing walking speed or increasing the power of the lamps will inevitably lead to excessive exposure and burns to the upper canopy.

[0088] Therefore, the parameter correction and decision module determines that the area is a locally severely occluded area and calls the local supplementary imaging cyclic compensation calculation formula: ; Substituting the data, we get: .

[0089] Based on this, the system generates a localized supplemental irradiation control command. To ensure the upper canopy is not scorched, the command forcibly shuts down the top ultraviolet lamps and activates the lateral ultraviolet lamps. Combining the calculated parameters from the three cycles and the lateral scattering safety threshold, the system calculates the irradiation walking speed and controls the ultraviolet disease control operation platform to perform targeted irradiation operations on the affected area at this speed, thereby ensuring that the heavily shaded inner leaves safely accumulate an effective fungicide dose.

[0090] To verify the effectiveness of the technical solution of this invention, a control group with the same area was divided in the above-mentioned greenhouse: Traditional control group: constant walking speed and constant full-power lighting (without in-situ calibration and closed-loop adjustment).

[0091] Application group of this invention: The above-mentioned in-situ calibration method for actual irradiation dose on leaf surface is used for dynamic parameter adjustment and local supplementary irradiation compensation.

[0092] After a three-week ultraviolet radiation treatment cycle, conducted every four days, the following results were obtained through manual calculations and agricultural pathology statistics: Incidence of pesticide damage (scalding): In the traditional control group, the surface leaves were scalded and dried due to long-term excessive direct ultraviolet radiation to the top of the canopy. The surface leaves of the application group of this invention were scalded at only 1.2% due to the triggering of multidimensional joint regulation and power attenuation mechanism.

[0093] Gray mold disease severity index control efficacy: In the traditional control group, the disease still spread deep inside the leaf undersides, and the comprehensive control effect was only 65.3%; In the application group of this invention, thanks to the local spatial angle compensation and light source decoupling supplementary illumination strategy, the effective radiation amount of the inner target area was increased, and the comprehensive control effect reached 91.8%.

[0094] See attached document Figure 4 ,Should Figure 4 The horizontal axis divides the crop canopy into three key physical regions: the upper canopy (surface), the lateral periphery (facing the light), and the inner canopy and underside of the leaves (shading). The vertical axis represents the actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface, in J / m². 2 .

[0095] Figure 4 Three horizontal reference lines are drawn: the dashed line represents the lower limit of bactericidal effectiveness (80 J / m²). 2 The solid line represents the target treatment dose (150 J / m²).2 The dotted line represents the maximum threshold dose for burn prevention (250 J / m²). 2 ).

[0096] from Figure 4 As shown in the medium-dark gray bar chart (traditional operating mode), the upper canopy dose exceeds 260 J / m² under the traditional mode. 2 This breaks through the highest threshold for burn prevention, while the dose to the inner bore and underside of the leaf is only 50 J / m². 2 The levels are far below the minimum bactericidal limit. The light gray bar chart (in the calibrated mode of this invention) shows that, through multi-dimensional power allocation and local targeted irradiation adjustment using a closed-loop system, the actual irradiation dose on the leaves in all three regions was converged and controlled at 155 J / m². 2 Up to 180J / m 2 Within a safe and effective range, it matches the requirements of the target dose threshold parameter set.

Claims

1. A method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose in ultraviolet radiation control equipment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire a first digital image generated by the leaf-simulating dosage calibration unit before ultraviolet irradiation, and a second digital image generated after the operation is completed and the crop canopy is removed. The leaf-inspired dose calibration unit is deployed in the crop canopy during the ultraviolet irradiation operation; Extract the feature regions from the first digital image and the second digital image, and calculate the absolute color difference before and after the operation; The absolute color difference value is nonlinearly mapped according to the pre-stored dose response calibration relationship, and the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial position node is calculated by combining the ultraviolet transmittance value of the leaf-like dose calibration unit surface. The actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface is compared with the pre-set target dose threshold parameter set to generate a dose deviation map containing spatial coordinates and dose deviation attribute labels. Based on the distribution characteristics of attribute labels in the dose deviation spectrum, an equipment update parameter instruction is generated to control the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment to perform corresponding operating parameter adjustment operations.

2. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for calculating the actual radiation dose received by the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node specifically include: Retrieve the preset maximum saturation color difference value and the preset response rate constant value; Calculate the ratio of the absolute color difference value to the preset maximum saturation color difference value, perform a natural logarithmic operation on the difference after subtracting the ratio, and divide the result of the natural logarithmic operation by the negative number of the preset reaction rate constant value to output the transmitted ultraviolet dose value. Multiply the transmitted ultraviolet dose value by the reciprocal of the ultraviolet transmittance value to output the actual radiation dose value received by the leaf surface.

3. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leaf-like dose calibration unit includes a flexible base layer, an ultraviolet dose response layer, and a light intensity attenuation layer. The ultraviolet dose-responsive layer is fixed to the surface of the flexible substrate layer and contains irreversible photochromic microcapsule material inside. The light intensity attenuation layer covers the light-receiving surface of the ultraviolet dose response layer, and the light intensity attenuation layer is composed of a UV-C transmitting material or a neutral attenuation structure. The light intensity attenuation layer has a fixed ultraviolet transmittance value for ultraviolet rays with a center wavelength of 250nm-280nm, and the ultraviolet transmittance value is obtained in advance by a standard ultraviolet radiometer.

4. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target dose threshold parameter group includes the target treatment dose value, the maximum threshold dose value for burn prevention, and the minimum effective dose value for bactericidal action. The step of generating a dose deviation map containing spatial coordinates and dose deviation attribute labels specifically includes: Calculate the difference between the actual irradiation dose to the leaf surface and the target treatment dose, and output the absolute dose deviation value; When the actual radiation dose to the leaf surface is greater than the maximum anti-burn threshold dose, an overdose distribution node attribute label is added to the corresponding spatial location node. When the actual irradiation dose to the leaf surface is less than the minimum effective dose for bactericidal action, an underdose distribution node attribute label is added to the corresponding spatial location node. In the established three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system matrix, the attribute labels of each corresponding spatial location node and the absolute dose deviation value are mapped, and the blank grid cells are filled by performing a three-dimensional spatial inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm based on adjacent known grid cells to generate the dose deviation map.

5. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps for generating device update parameter instructions specifically include: Calculate the ratio of the number of grid cells with the underdose distribution node attribute label or the overdose distribution node attribute label to the total number of effective grid cells; When the ratio is greater than the preset homogenization threshold value, the global average actual radiation dose value is calculated. The ratio of the global average actual radiation dose to the target treatment dose is multiplied by the first walking speed value of the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment in its current operating state to generate a second walking speed value as the equipment update parameter instruction, which is then sent to the walking mechanism of the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment.

6. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of generating device update parameter instructions further includes: The grid cells are divided into a data subset of the upper canopy region and a data subset of the inner canopy and leaf back regions; When the proportion of the number of overdose distribution node attribute labels in the upper canopy region data subset and the proportion of the number of underdose distribution node attribute labels in the inner canopy and leaf back region data subset both exceed a preset spatial threshold, the command output path for adjusting walking speed is blocked. The top power attenuation step value is calculated based on the absolute dose deviation value of the upper canopy region data subset, and the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamp group of the ultraviolet disease prevention equipment is reduced. The top power attenuation step value is multiplied by the lateral scattering weighting coefficient and added to the initial emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group of the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment to control the lateral ultraviolet lamp group to increase the emission power. Based on the three-dimensional coordinate set of the underdose distribution nodes in the data subset of the inner bore and leaf back regions, a three-dimensional vector geometric operation is performed, and a deflection angle control signal is output to adjust the spatial tilt angle of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group.

7. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of generating device update parameter instructions further includes: When there is a grid cell in the dose deviation map where the actual irradiation dose on the leaf surface is less than the minimum effective dose for bactericidal treatment, and it is determined that reducing the walking speed globally or increasing the emission power globally will cause the cumulative irradiation dose on the surface crop leaves to exceed the maximum anti-scalding threshold dose, the physical space range corresponding to the grid cell is marked as a local severely shaded area. The difference between the target treatment dose value and the actual single-time irradiation dose value of the grid cell in the local heavily shaded area is calculated as the target supplementary irradiation dose requirement. A local supplementary lighting control command is generated for the aforementioned severely occluded area; The local supplementary illumination control command is used to turn off or reduce the emission power of the top ultraviolet lamp group that irradiates the surface crop leaves when performing local supplementary illumination operations, and to turn on or adjust the emission power of the side ultraviolet lamp group that targets and irradiates the locally heavily shaded area. Based on the current emission power of the lateral ultraviolet lamp group, the additional radiation dose to the surface crop leaves due to lateral scattering is predicted. Under the safety constraint that the sum of the current actual radiation dose to the surface crop leaves and the additional radiation dose is less than or equal to the maximum anti-scalding threshold dose value, the supplementary radiation walking speed is calculated according to the target supplementary radiation dose requirement. The ultraviolet disease control equipment is then controlled to independently perform local supplementary radiation on the severely shaded area at the supplementary radiation walking speed.

8. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for acquiring the first digital image and the second digital image specifically include: After the first digital image is acquired, the ultraviolet disease prevention and control equipment is controlled to perform a single ultraviolet irradiation operation along a predetermined trajectory. The second digital image is acquired within a preset time window of no more than twenty minutes, starting from the end time of the ultraviolet irradiation operation on the single predetermined trajectory. During the image acquisition of the first and second digital images, the leaf-simulating dose calibration unit is placed in a closed reading space with a physical shading environment, and a fixed compensation light source is forcibly turned on inside the closed reading space to output constant illuminance, in order to block the compensation light source from leaking out to the canopy of surrounding crops and thus avoid activating the photorepair mechanism of pathogens.

9. The method for in-situ calibration of leaf surface dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of extracting feature regions from the first digital image and the second digital image and calculating the absolute color difference before and after the operation specifically includes: Extract the first three-channel color values ​​of the standard color reference block on the leaf-like dose calibration unit in the first digital image, and calculate the linear mapping matrix between the first three-channel color values ​​and the pre-saved reference three-channel color values; The first digital image is subjected to illumination normalization correction using the linear mapping matrix, and a nonlinear transformation from RGB color space to CIELAB color space is performed to obtain the first color coordinates; Perform the illumination normalization correction and nonlinear transformation on the second digital image to obtain the second color coordinates; Calculate the spatial Euclidean distance between the first color coordinates and the second color coordinates, and output the absolute color difference value.

10. A leaf surface dose in-situ calibration system for ultraviolet radiation control equipment, characterized in that, The method for in-situ calibration of leaf dose for ultraviolet radiation control equipment according to any one of claims 1-9 includes: The in-situ image acquisition and information reading terminal includes a fixed compensation light source and an image sensor, used to acquire a first digital image generated by the leaf-simulating dose calibration unit before ultraviolet irradiation operation, and a second digital image generated after the operation is completed and the crop canopy is removed. The leaf-inspired dose calibration unit is deployed in the crop canopy during the ultraviolet irradiation operation; The core processing and closed-loop control system includes: The dose inversion module is used to extract feature regions from the first digital image and the second digital image, calculate the absolute color difference value before and after the operation, perform nonlinear mapping on the absolute color difference value according to the pre-stored dose response calibration relationship, and combine the ultraviolet transmittance value on the surface of the leaf-like dose calibration unit to calculate the actual irradiation dose value of the leaf surface at the corresponding spatial location node. The deviation calculation module is used to compare the actual radiation dose value of the leaf surface with the preset target dose threshold parameter set to generate a dose deviation map containing spatial coordinates and dose deviation attribute labels. The parameter correction and decision module is used to generate device update parameter instructions based on the attribute label distribution characteristics in the dose deviation spectrum; The ultraviolet (UV) radiation disease prevention and control operation platform includes a walking mechanism, a top UV lamp group, and a side UV lamp group. It is used to receive the equipment's parameter update instructions and drive the walking mechanism, the top UV lamp group, and the side UV lamp group to perform corresponding operating parameter adjustment operations.

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