Chinese herbal medicine efficient ecological planting method

Abstract

The application discloses a Chinese herbal medicine efficient ecological planting method and belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. The method comprises the following steps: S1, soil improvement: a compound microbial fertilizer is applied to planting soil, and deep ploughing is performed to a depth of 20-30 cm; the compound microbial fertilizer comprises Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mycoides and Trichoderma, the effective viable bacterial count is greater than or equal to 200 million / g, and the application amount is 50-100 kg per mu; S2, seedling treatment: before transplanting, Chinese herbal medicine seedlings are soaked in an oligosaccharide solution of alginic acid with a concentration of 50-100 mg / L for 30-60 minutes, and then are placed in a high-voltage electrostatic field for treatment, the electric field intensity is 10-30 kV / m, and the treatment time is 10-30 minutes; S3, planting and growth period induction: planting is performed according to a conventional plant row spacing; the synchronous improvement of Chinese herbal medicine yield and effective component content is realized, there is no chemical synthetic pesticide residue in the whole process, and the efficient, safe and ecological planting effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine planting technology, specifically relating to a highly efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicine. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs are the material foundation for the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Currently, in the artificial cultivation of medicinal herbs, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in pursuit of yield remains widespread, leading to problems such as soil microecological deterioration, excessive pesticide residues in medicinal materials, and frequent outbreaks of pesticide-resistant pests. To overcome the drawbacks of chemical agriculture, ecological cultivation techniques are gradually gaining attention, such as using bio-organic fertilizers to replace chemical fertilizers, releasing natural enemies, or spraying plant-derived pesticides instead of chemical pesticides.

[0003] However, existing single ecological measures often have limited effects and lack effective synergy. For example, ordinary bio-organic fertilizers have a long soil improvement cycle and are difficult to quickly establish a healthy rhizosphere microecology; conventional seedling treatments have little effect on improving post-transplant stress resistance; general foliar fertilization can only supplement nutrients and does not have the ability to induce plants to actively resist pests and diseases; conventional irrigation cannot improve the rhizosphere redox state; and single physical or biological control methods are greatly affected by the environment and lack stability.

[0004] Therefore, how to organically integrate various technologies such as soil microecological reconstruction, seedling physiological activation, synergistic induction of growth and defense information, root environment improvement, and multi-level ecological regulation to form a highly efficient ecological planting method for Chinese medicinal herbs that synergistically enhances benefits from underground to above ground and from early stage to harvest has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly efficient and ecological method for cultivating Chinese herbal medicines. This method improves the soil through compound microbial fertilizer, treats seedlings with a combination of seaweed oligosaccharides and a high-voltage electrostatic field, induces growth in a synergistic manner with functional induction liquid and specific compound sound waves, irrigates with hydrogen-rich nanobubble water, and combines ecological control with the release of plant-derived pesticides and predatory mites. This method achieves a simultaneous increase in the yield and effective ingredient content of Chinese herbal medicines, and does not use any chemically synthesized pesticides throughout the entire process, meeting the requirements of ecology, efficiency, and safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution: A highly efficient and ecological method for cultivating traditional Chinese medicinal herbs includes the following steps: S1. Soil improvement: Apply compound microbial fertilizer to the planting soil and plow it to a depth of 20 cm-30 cm; the compound microbial fertilizer contains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus and Trichoderma, with an effective live bacteria count ≥200 million / g, and an application rate of 50 kg / mu-100 kg / mu; S2. Seedling treatment: Before transplanting, soak the roots of the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in a seaweed oligosaccharide solution with a concentration of 50 mg / L-100 mg / L for 30-60 minutes. After taking them out, place them in a high-voltage electrostatic field for treatment. The electric field strength is 10kV / m-30kV / m, and the treatment time is 10-30 minutes. S3. Planting and Growth Induction: Plant at the conventional plant spacing. Starting from the seedling stage, spray the leaves with an induction solution every 7-10 days. The induction solution is a mixture of 100-200 parts by weight of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, 5-10 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate, and 1000 parts by weight of water. At the same time, play a specific frequency composite sound wave to the plants every day from 10:00 to 15:00. The sound wave frequency is 400 Hz-800 Hz and the sound intensity is 80 dB-100 dB, lasting for 2-3 hours. S4. Irrigation Management: Drip irrigation is adopted, and the irrigation water is hydrogen-rich nano-bubble water with a dissolved hydrogen concentration of 0.8 mg / L-1.5 mg / L, so as to maintain the relative soil moisture content at 60%-75%. S5. Ecological control of pests and diseases: When pests are detected, spray a compound plant-derived pesticide consisting of matrine, azadirachtin and eucalyptus oil, and release 10,000 to 20,000 predatory mites per acre.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the compound microbial fertilizer further contains Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus megaterium, wherein the effective viable count of Paecilomyces lilacinus is ≥0.5 billion / g and the effective viable count of Bacillus megaterium is ≥1 billion / g.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, after the high-voltage electrostatic field treatment, the seedlings are then placed in an alternating magnetic field for treatment, with a magnetic field strength of 0.5 mT-1.0 mT and a treatment time of 5-15 minutes.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the inducing solution further contains 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of methyl jasmonate.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the specific frequency composite sound wave is a mixed audio obtained by collecting the predatory vibration signal of the predatory natural enemy of the main target pest of the Chinese herbal medicine and the alarm sound signal of the target pest.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the hydrogen-rich nanobubble water is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen nanobubble water, wherein the hydrogen concentration is 0.8 mg / L-1.2 mg / L and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 10 mg / L-15 mg / L.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in step S5, the compound plant-derived pesticide further contains allicin and pyrethrin, and the mass ratio of matrine, azadirachtin, eucalyptus oil, allicin and pyrethrin is 3:2:1:1:1.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the traditional Chinese medicine is Astragalus membranaceus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, or Scutellaria baicalensis.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, after planting in step S3, marigolds or mint are intercropped between the rows to repel pests and improve biodiversity.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the spraying of the inducing liquid and the playing of composite sound waves are stopped 15 days before harvest, the irrigation method is adjusted to increase the relative soil moisture content to 80%, and the leaves of the whole plant are washed once with clean water.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a highly efficient and ecological method for cultivating traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. This method constructs a rhizosphere microecology with probiotic dominance through compound microbial fertilizer, enhances seedling resistance through combined treatment with alginate oligosaccharides and a high-voltage electrostatic field, and utilizes an induction solution composed of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, chitosan oligosaccharides, and lanthanum nitrate, synergistically inducing plant growth and defense responses with specific composite sound waves. It also optimizes the redox state of the root zone through hydrogen-rich nanobubble water drip irrigation and employs a compound plant-derived pesticide mixture of matrine, azadirachtin, and eucalyptus oil, along with the release of predatory mites for ecological control. This interconnected approach across all steps achieves simultaneous increases in the yield and effective component content of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, with no chemically synthesized pesticide residues throughout the entire process, resulting in highly efficient, safe, and ecological cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of the efficient and ecological cultivation method for Chinese herbal medicines according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a detailed operation flowchart of the seedling treatment steps of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the synergistic effect of the induction solution and acoustic waves during the S3 growth induction process of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the S4 hydrogen-rich nanobubble water drip irrigation system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a bar chart comparing the yield of Astragalus membranaceus in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a bar chart comparing the content of Astragalus membranaceus index components in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this disclosure, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0020] Example 1: This example demonstrates an efficient and ecological cultivation method for Astragalus membranaceus. The cultivation was carried out at the Anguo Medicinal Herb Planting Base in Hebei Province. The soil was sandy loam, and the previous crop was corn.

[0021] S1. Soil Improvement: In mid-March, prepare the land, evenly spread compound microbial fertilizer, and deep plow to a depth of 25 cm. The microbial species and their contents in this fertilizer are as follows: Bacillus subtilis 0.8 billion / g, Bacillus licheniformis 0.5 billion / g, Bacillus mucilaginosa 0.4 billion / g, Trichoderma 0.3 billion / g, Paecilomyces lilacinus 0.5 billion / g, Bacillus megaterium 1 billion / g, with a total effective viable count of 3.5 billion / g. The application rate is 80 kg / mu. After leveling, make raised beds.

[0022] S2. Seedling treatment: Select one-year-old Astragalus membranaceus seedlings. Before transplanting, immerse the roots completely in an 80 mg / L alginate oligosaccharide solution for 50 minutes. After removing and draining the surface water, place them in a high-voltage electrostatic field with an electric field strength of 20 kV / m for 20 minutes. Then place them in an alternating magnetic field with a magnetic field strength of 0.8 mT for 10 minutes.

[0023] S3. Planting and Growth Induction: Plant in early April at a spacing of 30 cm × 40 cm, approximately 5500 plants per acre. Starting when seedlings reach 10 cm in height, spray the leaves with an induction solution every 8 days, continuing until 15 days before harvest. The induction solution consists of: 150 parts by weight of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, 8 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.03 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate, 0.3 parts by weight of methyl jasmonate, and 1000 parts by weight of water. Mix well and spray evenly on both sides of the leaves until dripping wet. Earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate preparation method: Take fresh earthworms, wash them, add an equal mass of water to homogenize, add 0.5% (by weight) of neutral protease from the hydrolysate, hydrolyze at 50℃ for 4 hours, boil to inactivate for 10 minutes, cool, centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 15 minutes, and collect the supernatant. Meanwhile, from 11:00 to 13:30 daily, a specific frequency composite sound wave is played on the Astragalus plants. This sound wave consists of vibration signals from ladybugs, predatory natural enemies of aphids, the main pests of Astragalus, as well as alarm signals emitted by aphids when startled. These signals are superimposed and synthesized using audio editing software to generate a composite audio with a main frequency of approximately 600 Hz and a sound intensity of 90 dB. This audio is then played in a loop using a field rainproof player, with the playback height 0.5 meters above the plant canopy.

[0024] S4. Irrigation Management: Drip irrigation tape is laid. The irrigation water source is treated by a nanobubble generator, which mixes pure hydrogen with air and pressurizes it into the water to prepare hydrogen- and oxygen-rich nanobubble water. The dissolved hydrogen concentration is controlled at 1.0 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 12 mg / L. Drip irrigation is carried out according to soil moisture conditions to maintain the relative soil moisture content at 65%-70% throughout the growing season.

[0025] S5. Ecological Control of Pests and Diseases: Yellow sticky traps and insect-attracting lamps are used in the field to monitor pests. When the number of aphids or spider mites on a single leaf reaches 5, a 500-fold dilution of a compound plant-derived pesticide is sprayed once. This compound plant-derived pesticide is prepared by mixing matrine, azadirachtin, eucalyptus oil, allicin, and pyrethroids in a mass ratio of 3:2:1:1:1, and diluted with water before use. Simultaneously, 15,000 predatory mites (Amblyseius cucumeris) are released per acre. After transplanting, marigolds are intercropped between rows at a spacing of 50 cm, with approximately 1000 plants per acre.

[0026] S6. Pre-harvest management: Stop spraying the inducing solution and playing sound waves 15 days before harvest, and appropriately increase the irrigation amount to raise the relative soil moisture content to 80%; wash the entire plant with clean water once 3 days before harvest to remove dust and any possible residues from the leaf surface. Harvest the roots in early November after the above-ground parts of Astragalus have withered.

[0027] Example 2: This example demonstrates a highly efficient and ecological cultivation method for Salvia miltiorrhiza. It was implemented in the Salvia miltiorrhiza production area of ​​Laiwu, Shandong Province, using brown soil. The method is essentially the same as Example 1, with the following differences: In S1, the application rate of compound microbial fertilizer is 100 kg / mu, and the soil is deeply plowed to a depth of 30 cm.

[0028] In S2, the concentration of alginate oligosaccharide solution was 100 mg / L, and the soaking time was 30 minutes; the high voltage electrostatic field strength was 30 kV / m, and the treatment time was 15 minutes; the alternating magnetic field strength was 1.0 mT, and the treatment time was 5 minutes.

[0029] In S3, the induction solution consists of 200 parts by weight of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, 10 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.05 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate, and 0.5 parts by weight of methyl jasmonate; the main frequency of the sound wave is 800 Hz and the sound intensity is 100 dB, played daily from 10:00 to 13:00; the induction solution is sprayed once every 7 days.

[0030] In S4, the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen-rich nanobubble water is 1.5 mg / L, the dissolved oxygen concentration is 15 mg / L, and the relative soil moisture content is maintained at 70%-75%.

[0031] In S5, 20,000 predatory mites per mu were released, and mint was intercropped between the rows.

[0032] The Salvia miltiorrhiza planted was Lu Danshen No. 1.

[0033] Example 3: This example demonstrates a highly efficient and ecological cultivation method for Scutellaria baicalensis; it was implemented in the authentic Scutellaria baicalensis producing area of ​​Shangluo, Shaanxi Province, using loess soil; it is basically the same as Example 1, except that: In S1, the application rate of compound microbial fertilizer is 50 kg / mu, and the soil is deeply plowed to a depth of 20 cm.

[0034] In S2, the concentration of alginate oligosaccharide solution was 50 mg / L, and the soaking time was 60 minutes; the high voltage electrostatic field strength was 10 kV / m, and the treatment time was 30 minutes; the alternating magnetic field treatment was omitted.

[0035] In S3, the induction solution contains 100 parts by weight of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, 5 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, and 0.01 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate, without the addition of methyl jasmonate; the sound wave frequency is 400 Hz and the sound intensity is 80 dB, played daily from 13:00 to 15:00; sprayed once every 10 days.

[0036] In S4, the hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen-rich nanobubble water is 0.8 mg / L, the dissolved oxygen is 10 mg / L, and the relative soil moisture content is 60%-65%.

[0037] In S5, compound plant-derived pesticides do not use allicin and pyrethrin, but only matrine, azadirachtin, and eucalyptus oil; release 10,000 predatory mites per acre; and intercrop marigolds.

[0038] Comparative Example 1: The same plot of land and the same variety of Astragalus membranaceus were planted as in Example 1, using conventional planting methods: Apply 20 kg / mu of urea and 50 kg / mu of superphosphate as base fertilizer, without applying microbial fertilizer; transplant seedlings directly without any treatment; do not spray induction liquid or play sound waves; use ordinary well water for furrow irrigation to maintain a relative soil moisture content of about 60%-75%; for disease and pest control, spray with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder at 1500 times dilution and 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 800 times dilution; do not release predatory mites or intercrop; other field management is the same.

[0039] Comparative Example 2: Basically the same as Example 1, but the specific frequency composite sound wave playback in step S3 was omitted, and only the induction liquid was sprayed.

[0040] Comparative Example 3: Basically the same as Example 1, but the hydrogen-rich nanobubble water in step S4 was omitted, and ordinary well water was used for drip irrigation instead, and the relative soil moisture content remained unchanged.

[0041] Efficacy Verification: During the harvest period, the yield and quality of Astragalus membranaceus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Scutellaria baicalensis in each example and comparative example were determined. Yield was calculated as the dry weight converted from the measured fresh weight per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). Quality indicators were tested according to the methods in the *Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China*: Astragaloside A content was determined in Astragalus membranaceus; Salvia miltiorrhiza content was determined as salvianolic acid B and tanshinone IIA content was determined as Salvia miltiorrhiza; and baicalin content was determined as Scutellaria baicalensis. Pesticide residues were also sampled and tested. The main results are shown in the table below.

[0042] ; As shown in the table above, Examples 1-3 using the method of this invention, without the use of any chemically synthesized pesticides, resulted in a yield increase of over 22% and an increase in the content of indicator components of over 29% compared to conventional planting, with no pesticide residues detected. Comparative Examples 2 and 3 show that although omitting the acoustic treatment or hydrogen-rich water drip irrigation still yielded better results than conventional planting, the increase in yield and quality was significantly reduced, indicating that both acoustic physical signals and irrigation water improvement have irreplaceable synergistic effects.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this disclosure can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this disclosure. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and ecological method for cultivating traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Soil improvement: Apply compound microbial fertilizer to the planting soil and plow it to a depth of 20 cm-30 cm; the compound microbial fertilizer contains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus and Trichoderma, with an effective live bacteria count ≥200 million / g, and an application rate of 50 kg / mu-100 kg / mu; S2. Seedling treatment: Before transplanting, soak the roots of the Chinese herbal medicine seedlings in a seaweed oligosaccharide solution with a concentration of 50 mg / L-100 mg / L for 30-60 minutes. After taking them out, place them in a high-voltage electrostatic field for treatment. The electric field strength is 10kV / m-30kV / m, and the treatment time is 10-30 minutes. S3. Planting and Growth Induction: Plant at the conventional plant spacing. Starting from the seedling stage, spray the leaves with an induction solution every 7-10 days. The induction solution is a mixture of 100-200 parts by weight of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysate, 5-10 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of lanthanum nitrate, and 1000 parts by weight of water. At the same time, play a specific frequency composite sound wave to the plants every day from 10:00 to 15:

00. The sound wave frequency is 400 Hz-800 Hz and the sound intensity is 80 dB-100 dB, lasting for 2-3 hours. S4. Irrigation Management: Drip irrigation is adopted, and the irrigation water is hydrogen-rich nano-bubble water with a dissolved hydrogen concentration of 0.8 mg / L-1.5 mg / L, so as to maintain the relative soil moisture content at 60%-75%. S5. Ecological control of pests and diseases: When pests are detected, spray a compound plant-derived pesticide consisting of matrine, azadirachtin and eucalyptus oil, and release 10,000 to 20,000 predatory mites per acre.

2. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the compound microbial fertilizer also contains Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus megaterium, wherein the effective viable count of Paecilomyces lilacinus is ≥0.5 billion / g and the effective viable count of Bacillus megaterium is ≥1 billion / g.

3. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, after the high-voltage electrostatic field treatment, the seedlings are then placed in an alternating magnetic field for treatment. The magnetic field strength is 0.5 mT-1.0 mT, and the treatment time is 5-15 minutes.

4. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the inducing solution also contains 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of methyl jasmonate.

5. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the specific frequency composite sound wave is a mixed audio obtained by collecting the predatory vibration signal of the predatory natural enemy of the main target pest of the Chinese herbal medicine and the alarm sound signal of the target pest.

6. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the hydrogen-rich nanobubble water is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the hydrogen concentration is 0.8 mg / L-1.2 mg / L and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 10 mg / L-15 mg / L.

7. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the compound plant-derived pesticide also contains allicin and pyrethrin, and the mass ratio of matrine, azadirachtin, eucalyptus oil, allicin and pyrethrin is 3:2:1:1:

1.

8. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Chinese herbal medicines mentioned are Astragalus membranaceus, Salvia miltiorrhiza, or Scutellaria baicalensis.

9. The efficient and ecological planting method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After planting in step S3, marigolds or mint are intercropped between the rows to repel pests and increase biodiversity.

10. The efficient and ecological cultivation method for traditional Chinese medicinal herbs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Stop spraying the inducing liquid and playing the composite sound wave 15 days before harvest, adjust the irrigation method to increase the relative soil moisture content to 80%, and wash the whole plant leaves once with clean water.

Images