Artificial breeding method of beautiful zebra gudgeon

Abstract

The application discloses an artificial breeding method of Misgurnus angulicaudus, and comprises the following steps: S1, parent fish selection; S2, parent fish intensive cultivation; S3, parturition injection; S4, artificial insemination; S5, fertilized egg hatching treatment; and S6, fry cultivation. No feeding is conducted in 0-2 days after membrane rupture, super-fine egg yolk liquid is fed in 3-6 days, the egg yolk liquid is gradually replaced by the smashed compound feed in 7-10 days, and the fry cultivation is conducted in an outdoor pond on the 11th day, and the method is completed. The parturition success rate, the fertilization rate, the hatching rate and the 30-day fry survival rate of the method are obviously better than those of the prior general breeding technology, the artificial large-scale breeding of Misgurnus angulicaudus can be stably realized, and reliable technical support is provided for the germplasm resource protection, artificial propagation and release and wild population restoration of Misgurnus angulicaudus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fish seedling breeding technology, specifically relating to an artificial breeding method for the beautiful medium-sized loach. Background Technology

[0002] Beautiful Nakajo Loach ( Traccatichthys pulcher As a small native loach species endemic to South my country, the beautiful Chinese loach mainly inhabits clear water bodies such as streams, shallow beaches, gravelly riverbeds, and slow-flowing tributaries. It possesses ecological indicator value, aquatic biodiversity maintenance value, and native ornamental and edible economic value. In recent years, due to a combination of factors including habitat destruction, altered hydrological rhythms, and loss of natural breeding environments, the wild population and resource quantity of the beautiful Chinese loach have declined sharply year by year. Wild resources are showing a fragmented and declining trend, with a significant decrease in natural breeding success rates, and the pressure on the species' survival in the wild continues to increase.

[0003] The natural reproduction of native small loaches depends on specific natural conditions such as stable water temperature, gravel substrate, and micro-flowing water environment. Natural spawning and fertilization, embryo hatching, and larval survival in the wild are highly susceptible to environmental fluctuations such as extreme water temperature, heavy rains, and water turbidity. Relying on natural reproduction is no longer sufficient for population recovery and resource replenishment. Therefore, conducting research on large-scale artificial breeding techniques and breaking through key technologies in parent domestication, artificial spawning induction, precise hatching, and larval rearing is the core approach to achieving the protection of *Sinocyclocheilus fasciatus* germplasm resources, the restoration of wild populations, and the conservation and utilization of native fish species.

[0004] At present, artificial breeding techniques for freshwater economic fish, conventional ornamental fish, and major native fish species have become increasingly mature. The general artificial breeding techniques for fish mainly include core processes such as parent pond cultivation, artificial spawning with exogenous hormones, dry / semi-dry artificial insemination, still or slightly flowing water hatching, and conventional seedling domestication and cultivation. These techniques have been widely applied to the breeding and production of freshwater fish such as Cyprinid, Cobitidae, and Barbinae.

[0005] Domestic and international basic research on the subfamily Cobitinae and small loaches has largely focused on species classification, geographical distribution, morphological characteristics, wild population surveys, and basic physiological ecology. A few studies have published basic aquaculture and preliminary breeding explorations of closely related species in the Cobitidae family, but these mostly employ conventional breeding models for bottom-dwelling fish and focus on breeding techniques for widely adaptable fish. No reports have been found on artificial breeding techniques for the beautiful Cobitinae. However, the beautiful Cobitinae exhibits biological characteristics such as a narrow distribution range, high environmental sensitivity, a unique gonadal development cycle, extremely small eggs and larvae, and weak embryonic tolerance to environmental fluctuations. Conventional artificial breeding techniques cannot complete its artificial breeding process, necessitating the development of a specific artificial breeding method for the beautiful Cobitinae. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an artificial breeding method for the beautiful medium-sized loach.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: Select female and male broodstock in March and April; S2. Intensive breeding of broodstock: Place female and male broodstock in separate breeding tanks, feed them intensive feed, and carry out intensive breeding. Stop feeding before injecting spawning-inducing treatment. S3. Induction of spawning: The male and female fish are injected separately. The female fish are injected twice. The second injection is given 12 hours after the first injection. The male fish are injected at the same time as the female fish's second injection. After the injection, the male and female parent fish are transferred to a closed, opaque water tank at a 1:1 ratio to wait for spawning. The water tank is lined with wet facial tissues. S4. Artificial insemination: The temperature is kept constant at 24 ℃. Starting 10 hours after the second injection, check the adhesion of eggs on the wet facial tissue every 2 hours. After detecting eggs, collect mature eggs and semen separately, mix them, add filtered water to activate fertilization, stir thoroughly and rinse repeatedly until the liquid is clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a filter screen and incubate them at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid for 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing.

[0008] Preferably, the female parent fish in step S1 is an individual with a weight of 15 g or more, a full and swollen abdomen, and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus; the male parent fish is an individual with a weight of 12 g or more, a flat and non-swollen abdomen, and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus.

[0009] This invention establishes for the first time a specific identification standard for the beautiful medium-sized loach based on weight and the number and width of longitudinal stripes from the pelvic fin to the anus. This standard is far more accurate and convenient than the traditional method of judging by appearance. It solves the problems of inaccurate selection of parent fish, imbalance of male and female ratios, and time-consuming and labor-intensive screening of parent fish for small fish.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: After disinfecting tubifex worms and midge larvae with salt water, grind them into a paste to obtain basic live bait. Mix the basic live bait with compound feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Then add nutritional additives and compound fermentation liquid, stir well, and freeze at -20 ℃ to obtain the final product.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of tubifex worms to chironomid larvae is 35-45:25-35, the mass ratio of basic live bait, compound feed, and soybean lecithin is 70-75:25-30:1-2, and the amount of nutritional additives is 0.5-0.8 wt% of the compound feed; the nutritional additives are composed of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C, and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 1-2:12-15:40-50:15-20; and the amount of compound fermentation liquid is 2-3 wt% of the compound feed.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite fermentation broth is as follows: By weight, 50-60 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 20-30 parts of Trigonella foenum-graecum, and 20-30 parts of Lycium barbarum are pulverized and mixed evenly. Deionized water is added to adjust the solid content to 40-50 wt% to obtain a slurry. Then, 3-4 wt% of Aspergillus niger is inoculated into the slurry and fermented at 28-32℃ for 36-48 hours by shaking on a shaker at 200 rpm. The pH is then adjusted to 6.0-6.5, and 2-3 wt% of Pediococcus lactis is inoculated into the slurry. The mixture is then allowed to ferment statically at 35-38℃ for 24-36 hours. The supernatant is then filtered to obtain the compound fermentation broth.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the daily feeding amount of the enhanced feed is 2-3% of the body weight of the parent fish, the light time for the enhanced cultivation is controlled as 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness, the water temperature is maintained at 20-24℃ for 30-45 days, and the feeding period is 2-3 days.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the formulation dosage of the first injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A 25 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 2 mg / kg, the formulation dosage of the second injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A 250 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 10 mg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 4000 IU / kg, and the formulation dosage of a single injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A 225 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 5 mg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 2000 IU / kg; the injection method is injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug is dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, with an injection solution volume of 10 mL / kg.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, the amount of filtered water added is 4-6 times the volume of the sperm-egg mixture, the stirring time is 2-10 minutes, and the rinsing is performed 3-4 times; the sperm collection steps are as follows: when collecting sperm from the male fish, fix the anal fin downwards, gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the sperm, and continuously rinse the anal fin area of ​​the male fish with physiological saline during the collection process.

[0016] In this invention, the male beautiful Chinese loach is extremely small and has very little semen, which cannot drip naturally. Existing technology directly squeezes the semen, resulting in severe semen loss and a very low fertilization rate. This solution is specifically designed to collect semen by continuously impacting it with physiological saline, maximizing the use of the small amount of semen and solving the problem of low fertilization rate caused by insufficient semen in this fish species.

[0017] Preferably, the filtered water in steps S4 and S5 is clean water filtered with filter cotton to remove dust and suspended impurities from the water; the incubation time in step S5 is 28-32 hours.

[0018] In this invention, the water used for incubation and fertilization is the same, both being clean water filtered through filter cotton. Unfiltered natural water contains a large amount of dust and suspended impurities, which are quickly absorbed by the weakly sticky fertilized eggs, stimulating the eggs to secrete a large amount of mucus, causing the fertilized eggs to clump together, greatly accelerating the growth of water mold, and significantly reducing the hatching rate. Using filtered water can effectively reduce the stickiness of the fertilized egg surface, prevent the eggs from clumping, and allow the fertilized eggs to be evenly spread on the surface of the incubation filter, providing a stable environment for embryo development and greatly improving the hatching rate.

[0019] Preferably, the ultrafine egg yolk liquid in step S6 is prepared by crushing and dissolving cooked egg yolk in water through a 200-mesh filter. The specific steps for seedling cultivation are as follows: feed the seedlings with crushed feed once each at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm, change 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the water once a week, and add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach provided by this invention is designed to address the unique biological characteristics of the beautiful Chinese loach, such as strong environmental sensitivity, special gonadal development cycle, extremely small and weakly adhesive eggs, and extremely small larval mouth diameter. It constructs a complete artificial breeding process covering precise selection of parent fish, nutritional enhancement and cultivation, sex-differentiated spawning induction injection, closed and light-proof waiting for spawning and refined artificial insemination, filtered water purification and mold prevention hatching, and step-by-step seedling feed domestication. The spawning success rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and 30-day fry survival rate of this process are significantly better than existing general breeding technologies. It can stably realize the artificial large-scale breeding of the beautiful Chinese loach and provide reliable technical support for its germplasm resource protection, artificial propagation and release, and wild population restoration.

[0021] (2) The artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach provided by this invention involves mixing Astragalus membranaceus, fenugreek, and Lycium barbarum in a specific ratio, and then preparing a compound fermentation broth using a two-step asynchronous fermentation process of Aspergillus niger and Pediococcus lactis. This broth is then introduced into the broodstock feed along with nutritional additives. The complex enzyme system, including protease and cellulase, produced during the aerobic fermentation stage of Aspergillus niger can effectively degrade the cell walls of the traditional Chinese medicine, releasing and converting active ingredients such as Astragalus polysaccharide, fenugreek diosgenin, and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, thereby improving their bioavailability. Further production occurs during the subsequent fermentation stage of Pediococcus lactis. Short-chain organic acids and probiotic metabolites improve the intestinal compatibility of the fermentation broth; three traditional Chinese medicines work synergistically on the gonadal development pathway of broodstock from three dimensions: immune metabolic support (Astragalus membranaceus), supplementation of gonadotropin-like substances (Lycium barbarum), and supply of sex hormone synthesis precursors (Fructus trigonella and Diosgenin). Together with astaxanthin (antioxidant), tryptophan (neuroendocrine regulation), vitamin C (stress protection), and Schizochytrium powder (DHA supplement) in the nutritional additives, they form a multi-level nutritional fortification system, providing systematic nutritional support for the gonadal development and egg quality of broodstock.

[0022] (3) The artificial breeding method for the beautiful medium loach provided by this invention uses a three-hormone compound system of LRH-A2, DOM, and HCG. Female fish are given two doses of gradient injection. The first dose (LRH-A2 5 μg / kg + DOM 2 mg / kg) initiates gonadal maturation. After a 12-hour interval, the second dose (LRH-A2 50 μg / kg + DOM 10 mg / kg + HCG 4000 IU / kg) induces ovulation. Male fish receive a single, reduced-dose injection (LRH-A2 25 μg / kg + DOM 5 mg / kg + HCG 2000 IU / kg) simultaneously with the second injection. IU / kg); Current methods for breeding loaches typically use a single injection, a single hormone ratio, and the same dosage for both sexes. This approach suffers from poor compatibility, low spawning rates, and a high mortality rate in parent fish. However, the beautiful medium loach is extremely insensitive to LRH-A2 and HCG. Therefore, this formulation differs significantly from those used for common fish spawning induction agents, requiring approximately 10 times the dosage typically used for conventional fish (the standard injection dosage is generally LRH-A2 8-10 μg / kg + DOM 5-10 mg / kg + HCG 200-800 mg / kg). (IU / kg), but it is more sensitive to DOM, and the injection dose is similar to the conventional injection dose. Therefore, this injection dose and compatibility method cannot be thought of based on general experience. It is the result of extensive experimental verification. The female fish are induced to spawn by double-needle gradient compound hormone, and the male fish are induced to spawn by single-needle reduced dose. Combined with the LRH-A2+DOM+HCG three hormone compound system, it is precisely matched with the physiological characteristics of the beautiful medium-sized loach, slow gonad development and strong stress response. It solves the industry pain points of traditional induced spawning, such as difficult spawning, asynchronous estrus, and high mortality of parent fish.

[0023] (4) The artificial breeding method of the beautiful mullet provided by the present invention is the first to use a closed, light-proof, oxygenated water tank + wet paper towel to collect eggs, which simulates the hidden spawning environment of the fish in the wild stream, reduces the stress of the parent fish, and allows for regular inspection of the eggs to accurately lock the best fertilization time. It is worth noting that the beautiful mullet will not spawn naturally when the light is on, which not only makes it impossible to accurately control the fertilization time, but also causes the mature eggs to be absorbed in the female fish, making it impossible to complete artificial fertilization.

[0024] (5) The artificial breeding method of the beautiful medium-sized loach provided by the present invention has weak viscosity. Dust and suspended impurities in unfiltered natural water will be quickly adsorbed by the eggs, which will stimulate the eggs to secrete a large amount of mucus, causing the eggs to clump together and grow water mold quickly. The present invention uses filtered water treated with filter cotton throughout the artificial insemination and hatching process, which reduces the viscosity of the surface of the fertilized eggs from the mechanism, so that the fertilized eggs can be evenly spread on the surface of the 200 mesh hatching filter without overlapping and clumping. This blocks the path of impurity adsorption and water mold outbreak from the root, so that the hatching rate is stable and the embryos develop evenly and stably.

[0025] (6) The artificial breeding method of the beautiful chub loach provided by the present invention is designed with a four-stage breeding program, which takes into account the unique characteristics of the beautiful chub loach fry that have a very small mouth and cannot eat conventional brine shrimp. The program consists of empty stomach rest, feeding with ultra-fine egg yolk, gradient conversion to compound feed, and shrimp powder nutrition fortification. This is different from the conventional fish feeding mode of directly feeding brine shrimp and greatly improves the survival rate of fry. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents and materials in this invention are purchased from the market or synthesized from raw materials purchased from the market.

[0028] In this invention, the compound feed is a fish compound feed with a crude protein content of ≥40 wt%.

[0029] Example 1 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: On March 3, 20 female broodstock and 20 male broodstock were selected. The female broodstock were individuals weighing more than 15g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock were individuals weighing more than 12g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Intensive Broodstock Rearing: Female and male broodstock are placed in separate rearing tanks and fed intensive feed. The daily amount of intensive feed is 2.5% of the broodstock's body weight. Intensive rearing is carried out at a density of 10 fish / tank. The light duration is controlled at 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness. The water temperature is maintained at 24℃ for 40 days. Feeding is stopped for 2 days before spawning injection. S3. Induction of Spawning: At 11:00 AM on April 15th, a differentiated injection method was adopted for males and females. Females received two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection was 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection was 250 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). At 11:00 PM on April 15th, males received a single injection simultaneously with the second injection of females. The dosage for this single injection was 225 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + HCG. 2000 IU / kg. After injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a closed, opaque tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning. The tank was continuously aerated and lined with wet facial tissues. The injection method was to inject the drug into the base of the pectoral fin. The injection solution was prepared by dissolving the drug in physiological saline and the dosage of the injection solution was 10 mL / kg. S4. Artificial insemination: Maintain a constant temperature of 24℃, starting 10 hours after the second injection (9:00 AM on April 16th), every 2 hours. The adhesion of eggs to the wet tissue was checked. 12 hours after injection (11:00 AM on April 16), a large number of mature eggs were observed on the tissue. The male and female parent fish were separated, the female fish were dried, and the abdomen was gently squeezed to obtain mature eggs. A total of 18 female fish successfully ovulated. 18 male fish were selected for fertilization. The remaining 2 female fish and 2 male fish that did not ovulate were put back into the tank for temporary rearing and re-examination. Ovulation was successfully completed 14 hours after injection (1:00 PM on April 16). The sperm collection procedure was as follows: When collecting sperm from the male fish, fix the anal fin downward and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the sperm. During the collection process, the anal fin area of ​​the male fish was continuously rinsed with physiological saline. After mixing, filtered water was added to activate fertilization. The filtered water was clean water filtered with filter cotton. The amount of filtered water added was 5 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture. After stirring thoroughly for 2 minutes, the mixture was rinsed repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid was clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a 200-mesh filter screen, and incubate them for 30 hours at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water. The fertilized eggs will successfully hatch and emerge. The filtered water is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid (prepared by crushing cooked egg yolk in a 200-mesh filter and dissolving it in water) from 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. Feed crushed feed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm. Change half of the water every week. Add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed compound feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0030] The preparation method of the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: Water worms and midge larvae in a mass ratio of 40:30 were disinfected with salt water and then mashed into a paste to obtain basic live bait. The basic live bait in a mass ratio of 70:30:1.5 was mixed evenly with compound feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Then, 0.7 wt% of nutritional additives and 2.5 wt% of compound fermentation liquid were added to the compound feed and stirred evenly. The mixture was then frozen and stored at -20℃ to obtain the final product.

[0031] The nutritional additive is composed of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 1.5:14:45:18; the formula of the compound feed by weight is: 45 parts fish meal, 20 parts soybean meal, 15 parts corn starch, 8 parts fish oil, 2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vitamin premix, and 1 part mineral premix. The preparation method of the compound fermentation broth is as follows: 55 parts by weight of Astragalus membranaceus, 25 parts by weight of Trigonella foenum-graecum, and 20 parts by weight of Lycium barbarum are pulverized and mixed evenly. Deionized water is added to adjust the solid content to 45 wt% to obtain a slurry. Then, 3.5 wt% of Aspergillus niger is inoculated into the slurry and fermented at 30℃ for 40 hours by shaking at 200 rpm. The pH is then adjusted to 6.3, the shaking is stopped, and 2.5 wt% of Pediococcus lactis is inoculated into the slurry. The slurry is allowed to ferment statically at 37℃ for 30 hours. The supernatant is then filtered to obtain the compound fermentation broth.

[0032] In this embodiment, the spawning success rate was 100%, the fertilization rate of sperm and eggs was 95.2%, the hatching rate was 94.5%, and the survival rate of fish fry after 30 days of cultivation was 87.3%. The overall breeding effect was excellent and large-scale breeding can be stably achieved.

[0033] Example 2 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: In April, 16 female broodstock and 16 male broodstock were selected. The female broodstock were individuals weighing more than 15 g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock were individuals weighing more than 12 g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Intensive Broodstock Rearing: Female and male broodstock are placed in separate rearing tanks and fed intensive feed. The daily amount of intensive feed is 23% of the broodstock's body weight. Intensive rearing is carried out at a density of 8 fish / tank. The light duration is controlled at 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness. The water temperature is maintained at 24℃ for 30 days. Feeding is stopped for 3 days before spawning injection. S3. Induction of Spawning: A differentiated, fractionated injection method is used for males and females. Females receive two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection is 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection is 250 μg / kg of LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Males receive a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection, with the dosage being 225 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 2000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a closed, opaque tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, and the tank was lined with wet facial tissues; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, the injection solution volume was 10 mL / kg. S4. Artificial insemination: The temperature was kept constant at 24 ℃. After the attachment of eggs was detected 12 hours after the second injection, mature eggs and semen were collected separately. During this spawning induction process, one female parent fish died, and the remaining 15 female fish successfully spawned. Sixteen male fish were then matched for insemination. The semen collection steps were as follows: When collecting semen from male fish, fix the anal fin downwards and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the semen. During the collection process, the anal fin area of ​​the male fish was continuously rinsed with physiological saline. After mixing, filtered water was added to activate fertilization. The filtered water was clean water filtered with filter cotton. The amount of filtered water added was 4 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture. After stirring thoroughly for 5 minutes, the mixture was rinsed repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid was clear, and fertilized eggs were obtained. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a 200-mesh filter screen, and incubate them at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water for 30 hours. The filtered water is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid (prepared by crushing cooked egg yolk in a 200-mesh filter and dissolving it in water) from 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. Feed crushed feed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm. Change 1 / 3 of the water every week. Add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed compound feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0034] The preparation method of the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: Water worms and midge larvae in a mass ratio of 45:25 were disinfected with salt water and then ground into a paste to obtain basic live bait. The basic live bait in a mass ratio of 70:25:1 was mixed evenly with compound feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Then, 0.5 wt% of nutritional additives and 2 wt% of compound fermentation liquid were added to the compound feed and stirred evenly. The mixture was then frozen and stored at -20 ℃ to obtain the final product.

[0035] The nutritional additive is composed of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 1:12:40:15; the formula of the compound feed by weight is: 45 parts fish meal, 20 parts soybean meal, 15 parts corn starch, 8 parts fish oil, 2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vitamin premix, and 1 part mineral premix. The preparation method of the compound fermentation broth is as follows: 50 parts by weight of Astragalus membranaceus, 20 parts by weight of Trigonella foenum-graecum and 30 parts by weight of Lycium barbarum are crushed and mixed evenly. Deionized water is added to adjust the solid content to 40 wt% to obtain a slurry. Then, 3 wt% of Aspergillus niger is inoculated into the slurry and fermented at 200 rpm and 28℃ for 48 h. Then, the pH is adjusted to 6.0, the shaking is stopped, and 2 wt% of Pediococcus lactis is inoculated into the slurry. The slurry is allowed to ferment at 35℃ for 36 h. The supernatant is then filtered and the compound fermentation broth is obtained.

[0036] In this embodiment, the spawning success rate was 93.75%, the fertilization rate was 94.6%, the hatching rate was 93.2%, and the 30-day fry survival rate was 85.1%.

[0037] Example 3 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: In April, 26 female broodstock and 26 male broodstock were selected. The female broodstock were individuals weighing more than 15 g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock were individuals weighing more than 12 g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Enhanced Broodstock Rearing: Female and male broodstock are placed in separate rearing tanks and fed enhanced feed at a daily rate of 3% of their body weight. Enhanced rearing is carried out at a density of 13 fish / tank, with a light duration of 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness and a water temperature maintained at 24°C for 45 days. Feeding is stopped for 2 days before spawning induction injection. S3. Induction of Spawning: A differentiated, fractionated injection method is used for males and females. Females receive two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection is 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection is 250 μg / kg of LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Males receive a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection, with the dosage being 225 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 2000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a closed, opaque tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, and the tank was lined with wet facial tissues; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, the injection solution volume was 10 mL / kg. S4. Artificial insemination: The temperature was kept constant at 24 ℃. After the attachment of eggs was detected 12 hours after the second injection, mature eggs and semen were collected separately. During this spawning induction process, 26 female fish successfully spawned and were matched with 26 male fish for insemination. The semen collection steps were as follows: When collecting semen from male fish, fix the anal fin downward and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the semen. During the collection process, the anal fin area of ​​the male fish was continuously rinsed with physiological saline. After mixing, filtered water was added to activate fertilization. The filtered water was clean water filtered with filter cotton. The amount of filtered water added was 6 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture. After stirring thoroughly for 10 minutes, the mixture was rinsed repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid was clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a 200-mesh filter screen, and incubate them at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water for 30 hours. The filtered water is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid (prepared by crushing cooked egg yolk in a 200-mesh filter and dissolving it in water) from 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. Feed crushed feed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm. Change half of the water every week. Add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed compound feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0038] The preparation method of the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: Water worms and midge larvae in a mass ratio of 45:25 were disinfected with salt water and then ground into a paste to obtain basic live bait. The basic live bait in a mass ratio of 70:30:2 was mixed evenly with compound feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Then, 0.8 wt% of nutritional additives and 3 wt% of compound fermentation liquid were added to the compound feed and stirred evenly. The mixture was then frozen and stored at -20 ℃ to obtain the final product.

[0039] The nutritional additive is composed of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 2:15:50:20; the formula of the compound feed by weight is: 45 parts fish meal, 20 parts soybean meal, 15 parts corn starch, 8 parts fish oil, 2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vitamin premix, and 1 part mineral premix. The preparation method of the compound fermentation broth is as follows: 60 parts by weight of Astragalus membranaceus, 20 parts by weight of Trigonella foenum-graecum and 20 parts by weight of Lycium barbarum are crushed and mixed evenly. Deionized water is added to adjust the solid content to 50 wt% to obtain a slurry. Then, 4 wt% of Aspergillus niger is inoculated into the slurry and fermented at 32℃ for 36 hours by shaking at 200 rpm. Then, the pH is adjusted to 6.5, the shaking is stopped, and 3 wt% of Pediococcus lactis is inoculated into the slurry. The slurry is allowed to ferment statically at 38℃ for 24 hours. The supernatant is then filtered to obtain the compound fermentation broth.

[0040] In this example, the spawning success rate was 100%, the fertilization rate was 94.5%, the hatching rate was 93.1%, and the 30-day fry survival rate was 86.2%.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of parent fish: On April 3, select mature parent fish that are healthy, free from injury, disease, and deformities. Using conventional identification methods (sperm can be expelled by squeezing the abdominal cavity, indicating a male fish, and eggs can be squeezed out, indicating a female fish), select 20 female parent fish and 20 male parent fish. S2. Induction of spawning: At 11:00 AM on April 3rd, a differentiated injection method was adopted for males and females. Females received two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection was 23 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A, and the dosage for the second injection was 210 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 300 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). At 11:00 PM on April 3rd, males received a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection. The dosage for this single injection was 25 μg / kg of LRH-A + 2.5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 150 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a white tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, and oxygenation was continuously provided throughout the process; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, with an injection solution volume of 10 mL / kg. S3. Artificial insemination: The temperature was kept constant at 24 ℃. The development of the parent fish was checked every 2 hours starting 12 hours after the second injection (11:00 am on April 4th). No fertilized eggs were observed in the tank 24 hours after the injection (11:00 pm on April 4th), and the female fish also failed to produce mature eggs, thus declaring the experiment a failure.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: On April 5th, 20 female broodstock and 20 male broodstock were selected. The female broodstock were individuals weighing more than 15g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock were individuals weighing more than 12g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Induction of Spawn: At 11:00 AM on April 5th, a differentiated injection method was adopted for males and females. Females received two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection was 23 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A, and the dosage for the second injection was 210 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 2000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). At 11:00 PM on April 5th, males received a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection. The dosage for this single injection was 25 μg / kg of LRH-A + 2.5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 1000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a white tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, with continuous oxygenation throughout the process, and wet facial tissues were placed in the tank; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, and the injection solution volume was 10 mL / kg. S3. Artificial Insemination: Maintaining a constant temperature of 24℃, starting 12 hours after the second injection (11:00 AM on April 6th), check the attachment of eggs to a damp tissue every 2 hours, and check the development of the parent fish every 2 hours until 20 hours after the injection (9:00 PM on April 6th). No fertilized eggs were observed in the tank, but 3 female fish were able to expel eggs. Therefore, artificial insemination was performed. The semen collection procedure was as follows: When collecting semen from the male fish, fix the anal fin downwards and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the semen. During the collection process, continuously rinse the anal fin area of ​​the male fish with physiological saline. After mixing, add filtered water to activate fertilization. The filtered water is clean water filtered with filter cotton, and the amount of filtered water added is 5 times the volume of the sperm-egg mixture. Stir thoroughly for 2 minutes and rinse repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid is clear. During the egg expulsion process, the female fish still showed problems with ovulation, irregular eggs, and whitish eggs. Approximately 4 hours after fertilization... h, the eggs still did not absorb water and swell, indicating that the experiment had failed.

[0043] Comparative Example 3 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: On April 7, 20 female broodstock and 20 male broodstock were selected. The female broodstock were individuals weighing more than 15g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock were individuals weighing more than 12g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Induction of Spawn: At 11:00 AM on April 7th, a differentiated injection method was adopted for males and females. Females received two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection was 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection was 250 μg / kg of LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). At 11:00 PM on April 7th, males received a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection. The dosage for this single injection was 225 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + HCG. 2000 IU / kg. After injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a white tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning. The tank was continuously aerated and lined with wet facial tissues. The injection method was to inject the drug into the base of the pectoral fin. The injection solution was prepared by dissolving the drug in physiological saline and the dosage of the injection solution was 10 mL / kg. S3. Artificial insemination: The temperature was kept constant at 24 ℃. The development of the parent fish was checked every 2 hours starting 12 hours after the second injection (11:00 AM on April 8th). No fertilized eggs were observed in the tank until 16 hours after the injection (5:00 PM on April 8th). However, the female fish were able to squeeze out eggs, so artificial insemination was carried out. During the egg-squeezing process, the female fish released eggs smoothly, but some eggs melted, indicating that they were overripe. The normal egg count was about 20%. The sperm collection steps were as follows: When collecting sperm from the male fish, fix the anal fin downwards and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the sperm. During the collection process, the anal fin area of ​​the male fish was continuously rinsed with physiological saline. After mixing, unfiltered clean water (river water) was added to activate fertilization. The amount of clean water added was 5 times the volume of the sperm-egg mixture. After stirring thoroughly for 2 minutes, the mixture was rinsed repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid was clear to obtain fertilized eggs. 18 hours after the completion of fertilization, the fertilized eggs clumped together in the hatching box, adsorbed a large amount of impurities, and water mold developed severely. All the fertilized eggs died before hatching.

[0044] Comparative Example 4 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: In March and April, select 20 female broodstock and 20 male broodstock. The female broodstock are individuals weighing more than 15 g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock are individuals weighing more than 12 g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Intensive Broodstock Rearing: Female and male broodstock are placed in separate rearing tanks and fed formulated feed at a daily rate of 2.5% of their body weight. Intensive rearing is carried out at a density of 10 fish per tank, with a light duration of 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness and a water temperature maintained at 24°C for 40 days. Feeding is stopped for 2 days before spawning induction injection. S3. Induction of Spawning: A differentiated, fractionated injection method is used for males and females. Females receive two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection is 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection is 250 μg / kg of LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Males receive a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection, with the dosage being 225 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 2000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a closed, opaque tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, with continuous oxygenation throughout the process, and wet facial tissues were placed in the tank; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, with an injection solution volume of 10 mL / kg. S4. Artificial insemination: Maintain a constant temperature of 24 ℃. Starting 10 hours after the second injection, check the adhesion of eggs to a wet tissue every 2 hours. After detecting eggs, collect mature eggs and semen separately. The semen collection steps are as follows: When collecting semen from male fish, fix the anal fin downwards and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect semen. During the collection process, continuously rinse the anal fin area of ​​the male fish with physiological saline. After mixing, add filtered water to activate fertilization. The filtered water is clean water filtered with filter cotton. The amount of filtered water added is 5 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture. Stir thoroughly for 2 minutes and rinse repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid is clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a 200-mesh filter screen, and incubate them for 30 hours at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water. The fertilized eggs will successfully hatch and emerge. The filtered water is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid (prepared by crushing cooked egg yolk in a 200-mesh filter and dissolving it in water) from 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. Feed crushed feed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm. Change half of the water every week. Add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed compound feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0045] The formula of the compound feed is as follows: 45 parts fish meal, 20 parts soybean meal, 15 parts corn starch, 8 parts fish oil, 2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vitamin premix, and 1 part mineral premix. In this embodiment, the spawning success rate was 100%, the fertilization rate of sperm and eggs was 82.6%, the hatching rate was 78.5%, and the survival rate of fish fry after 30 days of cultivation was 60.8%. The overall breeding effect was excellent and large-scale breeding can be stably achieved.

[0046] Compared to Example 1, this comparative example used compound feed during the enhanced breeding process.

[0047] Comparative Example 5 An artificial breeding method for the beautiful Chinese loach includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: In March and April, select 20 female broodstock and 20 male broodstock. The female broodstock are individuals weighing more than 15 g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus. The male broodstock are individuals weighing more than 12 g, with a flat abdomen without swelling and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus. S2. Intensive Broodstock Rearing: Female and male broodstock are placed in separate rearing tanks and fed intensive feed. The daily amount of intensive feed is 2.5% of the broodstock's body weight. Intensive rearing is carried out at a density of 10 fish / tank. The light duration is controlled at 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness. The water temperature is maintained at 24℃ for 40 days. Feeding is stopped for 2 days before spawning injection. S3. Induction of Spawning: A differentiated, fractionated injection method is used for males and females. Females receive two injections, with the second injection given 12 hours after the first. The dosage for the first injection is 25 μg / kg of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A + 2 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM). The dosage for the second injection is 250 μg / kg of LRH-A + 10 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 4000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Males receive a single injection simultaneously with the females' second injection, with the dosage being 225 μg / kg of LRH-A + 5 mg / kg of dioxin maleate (DOM) + 2000 IU / kg of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). IU / kg, after injection, the male and female parent fish were transferred to a closed, opaque tank at a 1:1 ratio to await spawning, with continuous oxygenation throughout the process, and wet facial tissues were placed in the tank; the injection method was injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection drug was dissolved in physiological saline to prepare an injection solution, with an injection solution volume of 10 mL / kg. S4. Artificial insemination: Maintain a constant temperature of 24 ℃. Starting 10 hours after the second injection, check the adhesion of eggs to a wet tissue every 2 hours. After detecting eggs, collect mature eggs and semen separately. The semen collection steps are as follows: When collecting semen from male fish, fix the anal fin downwards and gently squeeze the abdomen to collect semen. During the collection process, continuously rinse the anal fin area of ​​the male fish with physiological saline. After mixing, add filtered water to activate fertilization. The filtered water is clean water filtered with filter cotton. The amount of filtered water added is 5 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture. Stir thoroughly for 2 minutes and rinse repeatedly 3-4 times until the liquid is clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a 200-mesh filter screen, and incubate them for 30 hours at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water. The fertilized eggs will successfully hatch and emerge. The filtered water is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid (prepared by crushing cooked egg yolk in a 200-mesh filter and dissolving it in water) from 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. Feed crushed feed twice a day, at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm. Change half of the water every week. Add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed compound feed once a week for nutritional fortification.

[0048] The preparation method of the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: Water worms and midge larvae in a mass ratio of 40:30 were disinfected with salt water and then ground into a paste to obtain basic live bait. The basic live bait in a mass ratio of 70:30:1.5 was mixed evenly with compound feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Then, 0.7 wt% of nutritional additives and 2.5 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines were added to the compound feed and stirred evenly. The mixture was then frozen and stored at -20℃ to obtain the final product.

[0049] The nutritional additive is composed of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 1.5:14:45:18; the formula of the compound feed by weight is: 45 parts fish meal, 20 parts soybean meal, 15 parts corn starch, 8 parts fish oil, 2 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part vitamin premix, and 1 part mineral premix. The preparation method of the compound Chinese herbal medicine is as follows: 55 parts by weight of Astragalus membranaceus, 25 parts by weight of Trigonella foenum-graecum and 20 parts by weight of Lycium barbarum are pulverized and mixed evenly to obtain the compound Chinese herbal medicine.

[0050] In this example, the spawning success rate was 100%, the fertilization rate was 87.5%, the hatching rate was 84.1%, and the survival rate of fish fry after 30 days of cultivation was 70.4%.

[0051] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example replaces the compound fermentation liquid with unfermented Chinese herbal medicines.

[0052] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific implementation examples. It should not be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the artificial breeding of the beautiful medium-sized loach, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Selection of broodstock: Select female and male broodstock in March and April; S2. Intensive breeding of broodstock: Place female and male broodstock in separate breeding tanks, feed them intensive feed, and carry out intensive breeding. Stop feeding before injecting spawning-inducing treatment. S3. Induction of spawning: The male and female fish are injected separately. The female fish are injected twice. The second injection is given 12 hours after the first injection. The male fish are injected at the same time as the female fish's second injection. After the injection, the male and female parent fish are transferred to a closed, opaque water tank at a 1:1 ratio to wait for spawning. The water tank is lined with wet facial tissues. S4. Artificial insemination: The temperature is kept constant at 24 ℃. Starting 10 hours after the second injection, check the adhesion of eggs on the wet facial tissue every 2 hours. After detecting eggs, collect mature eggs and semen separately, mix them, add filtered water to activate fertilization, stir thoroughly and rinse repeatedly until the liquid is clear to obtain fertilized eggs. S5. Fertilized egg incubation treatment: Place the fertilized eggs in an incubation frame lined with a filter screen and incubate them at a constant temperature of 24 ℃ using filtered water. S6. Fry rearing: Do not feed for 0-2 days after hatching. Feed ultrafine egg yolk liquid for 3-6 days. Gradually replace the egg yolk liquid with crushed compound feed from 7-10 days. On the 11th day, transfer to an outdoor pond for fry rearing. The preparation method of the fortified feed in step S2 is as follows: After disinfecting tubifex worms and chironomid larvae with salt water, they are ground into a paste to obtain basic live bait. The basic live bait is then mixed evenly with formulated feed and soybean lecithin to obtain compound feed. Nutrient additives and compound fermentation liquid are then added and stirred evenly. The mixture is then frozen and stored at -20 ℃ to obtain the final product. The mass ratio of tubifex worms to chironomid larvae is 35-45:25-35; the mass ratio of basic live bait, formulated feed, and soybean lecithin is 70-75:25-30:1-2; and the amount of nutrient additives is 0.5-0.8 wt% of the compound feed. The nutrient additives consist of astaxanthin, tryptophan, vitamin C, and Schizochytrium powder in a mass ratio of 1-2:12-15:40-50:15-20. The amount of compound fermentation liquid is 2-3 wt% of the compound feed. The preparation method of the compound fermentation broth is as follows: By weight, 50-60 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 20-30 parts of Trigonella foenum-graecum, and 20-30 parts of Lycium barbarum are pulverized and mixed evenly. Deionized water is added to adjust the solid content to 40-50 wt% to obtain a slurry. Then, 3-4 wt% of Aspergillus niger is inoculated into the slurry and fermented at 28-32℃ for 36-48 hours by shaking on a shaker at 200 rpm. The pH is then adjusted to 6.0-6.5, and 2-3 wt% of Pediococcus lactis is inoculated into the slurry. The mixture is then allowed to ferment statically at 35-38℃ for 24-36 hours. The supernatant is then filtered to obtain the compound fermentation broth. In step S3, the formulation dosage of the first injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A2 5 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 2 mg / kg, and the formulation dosage of the second injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A2 50 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 10 mg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 4000 IU / kg. The formulation dosage of a single injection is luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog LRH-A2 25 μg / kg + dioxonone maleate DOM 5 mg / kg + human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 2000 IU / kg. The injection method is injection at the base of the pectoral fin, and the injection solution is prepared by dissolving the injection drugs in physiological saline, with a dosage of 10 mL / kg. The filtered water mentioned in steps S4 and S5 is clean water that has been filtered with filter cotton to remove dust and suspended impurities from the water.

2. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The female parent fish mentioned in step S1 are individuals weighing more than 15g, with a full and swollen abdomen and three broad longitudinal stripes distributed from the pelvic fin to the anus; the male parent fish are individuals weighing more than 12g, with a flat and non-swollen abdomen and only one narrow longitudinal stripe from the pelvic fin to the anus.

3. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the daily feeding amount of the enhanced feed is 2-3% of the body weight of the parent fish. The light time for the enhanced cultivation is controlled as 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness, the water temperature is maintained at 20-24℃, and the time is 30-45 days. The feeding stoppage period is 2-3 days.

4. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the amount of filtered water added is 4-6 times the volume of the sperm and egg mixture, the stirring time is 2-10 minutes, and the rinsing is 3-4 times. The sperm collection steps are as follows: when collecting sperm from the male fish, fix the anal fin downwards, gently squeeze the abdomen to collect the sperm, and continuously rinse the anal fin area of ​​the male fish with physiological saline during the collection process.

5. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incubation time described in step S5 is 28-32 hours.

6. The artificial breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrafine egg yolk liquid mentioned in step S6 is prepared by crushing and dissolving cooked egg yolk in water through a 200-mesh filter. The specific steps for seedling cultivation are as follows: feed the seedlings with crushed feed once a day at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm, change 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the water once a week, and add 10 wt% shrimp powder to the crushed feed once a week for nutritional fortification.